| Zaragoza | |||||
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| Coordinates : Time zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer : CEST (GMT +2) |
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| General information | |||||
| Native name | Zaragoza (Spanish) | ||||
| Spanish name | Zaragoza | ||||
| Founded | 24 BC | ||||
| Postal code | 50001 - 50018 | ||||
| Website | http://www.zaragoza.es/ | ||||
| Administration | |||||
| Country | Spain | ||||
| Autonomous Community | Aragon | ||||
| Province | Zaragoza | ||||
| Comarca | Zaragoza | ||||
| Administrative Divisions | 13 | ||||
| Mayor | Juan Alberto Belloch (PSOE) | ||||
| Geography | |||||
| Land Area | 1062,64 km² | ||||
| Altitude | 199 m AMSL | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | 660,895 (2006) | ||||
| - rank in Spain: | 5 | ||||
| Density | 601. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The term administration, as used in the context of Government, differs according to Jurisdiction. In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. In addition to its autonomous communities, Spain is divided into fifty Provinces. Zaragoza (also called Saragossa in English) is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of A comarca (meaning Shire or County, Spanish and Portuguese plural comarcas, Catalan plural A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials PSOE ( P artido S ocialista O brero E spañol is Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Altitude is the Elevation of a point or object from a known level or datum (plural data The term above mean sea level ( AMSL) refers to the Elevation (on the ground or Altitude (in the Air) of any object relative to the In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 14 hab. /km² () | ||||
Zaragoza, also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the autonomous community and former Kingdom of Aragon, Spain. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. The Kingdom of Aragon was an old kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula, corresponding to the modern-day autonomous community of Aragon ( Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It is situated on the river Ebro and its tributaries, the Huerva and Gállego, near the centre of the region, in a valley with a variety of landscapes, ranging from desert (Los Monegros) to thick forest, meadows and mountains. The Ebro ( Ebre) is Spain 's most voluminous river Its source is in Fontibre ( Cantabria)
The population of the city of Zaragoza in 2007 was 667,034,[1] ranking fifth in Spain. The population of the metropolitan area was estimated in 2006 at 783,763 inhabitants. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The municipality is home to more than 50 percent of the Aragon population. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or The city lies at an altitude of 199 metres above sea level, and constitutes a crossroads between Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Bilbao and Toulouse (France) — all of which are located about 300 kilometres (200 miles) from Zaragoza. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Valencia ( Valencian: València, Valencia Spanish phonology --> is the capital of the Spanish autonomous Bilbao, (also Bilbo) in the North of Spain, is the largest city in the Basque Country and the capital of the province of Biscay (Basque Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States
Contents |
History
Early history
The city used to have the name Salduba or Saldyva, a Punic name of a Carthaginian military post built on the remains of a Celtiberian village, when the Romans invaded the area it fell under colonia of Caesaraugusta, founded under Augustus in Hispania Citerior. The Punics, (from Latin pūnicus meaning Phoenician were a group of Western Semitic speaking peoples originating from Carthage A Roman colonia (plural coloniae) was originally a Roman outpost established in conquered territory to secure it Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was the Roman Republic, Hispania Citerior (English Hither Spain) was a region of Hispania roughly located in the northeastern coast and in the Ebro
Arab Saraqusta
In 714 The Arabs took control of the city, naming it Saraqusta (سرقسطة). Events By Place Asia February 28 — An Earthquake strikes Syria It later became part of the Emirate of Cordoba, It grew to become the biggest Arab city of Northern Spain. The Caliphate of Córdoba (Arabic خلافة قرطبة ruled the Iberian peninsula ( Al-Andalus) and North Africa from the city of In 777 Charlemagne attempted to take the city but he was forced to withdraw when faced by the organized defense of the city and the Basque attacks in the rear (Chanson de Roland). Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The Basques (Euskaldunak are a people who inhabit a region spanning over parts of north-central Spain and southwestern France. The Song of Roland (La Chanson de Roland is the oldest remaining major work of French literature.
From 1018 to 1118 Zaragoza was one of the taifa kingdoms, independent Muslim states which emerged in the 11th century following the destruction of the Cordoban Caliphate. A taifa (from طائفة ṭā'ifa, plural طوائف ṭawā'if) in the history of Iberia was an independent Muslim -ruled principality The Caliphate of Córdoba (Arabic خلافة قرطبة ruled the Iberian peninsula ( Al-Andalus) and North Africa from the city of During the first three decades of this period, 1018–1038, the city was ruled by the Banu Tujib. In 1038 they were replaced by the Banu Hud, who had to deal with a complicated alliance with El Cid of Valencia and his Castillian Masters against the Almoravids who managed to bring the Taifas Emirates under their control. The Banu Hud (بنو هود were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Taifa of Zaragoza from 1039 - 1110. Rodrigo (or Ruy) Díaz de Vivar (c 1040 Vivar, near Burgos &ndash 10 July 1099, Valencia) known as The Almoravids, was a Berber dynasty from the Sahara that spread over a wide area of North-Western Africa and the Iberian peninsula during After the death of El Cid his kingdom was overrun by Almoravids and by 1100 Almoravids had managed to cross the Ebro into Barbastro, which brought Aragon into direct contact with Almoravids, The Banu Hud stubbornly resisted Almoravids and ruled until they were eventually defeated by the Almoravids in May 1110. The Almoravids, was a Berber dynasty from the Sahara that spread over a wide area of North-Western Africa and the Iberian peninsula during Barbastro ( Latin Barbastrum or Civitas Barbastrensis, Arabic Barbastra) is a Spanish city in the Somontano county The Banu Hud (بنو هود were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Taifa of Zaragoza from 1039 - 1110. The Almoravids, was a Berber dynasty from the Sahara that spread over a wide area of North-Western Africa and the Iberian peninsula during The Almoravids, was a Berber dynasty from the Sahara that spread over a wide area of North-Western Africa and the Iberian peninsula during The last sultan of the Banu Hud, Abd-al-Malik Imad ad-Dawla, the last king of Zaragoza, forced to abandon his capital, allied himself with the Christian Aragonese under Alfonso I el Batallador and from the time the Muslims of Zaragoza became military regulars within the Aragonese forces. Alfonso I (1073/1074 &ndash 8 September 1134) called el Batallador, the Battler or the Warrior, was the king of Aragón
Aragonese era
In 1118 the Aragonese conquered the city from the Almoravids and made it the capital of the Kingdom of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was an old kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula, corresponding to the modern-day autonomous community of Aragon ( At his death without heirs in 1137, Zaragoza was swiftly occupied by Alfonso VII of León-Castile, who vacated it in 1137 only on condition it be held by Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona as a fief of Castile. Alfonso VII ( 1 March 1105 &ndash 21 August 1157) called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King
Zaragoza was the scene of two controversial martyrdoms related with the Spanish Inquisition: those of Saint Dominguito del Val, a choirboy in the basilica, and Pedro de Arbués, head official of the inquisition. The Spanish Inquisition started and was established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile to maintain Saint Dominguito del Val was a choirboy and the alleged victim of a Ritual murder by Jews in Saragossa (also known as Zaragoza in c Pedro de Arbués (c 1441 &ndash September 17, 1484) was an official of the Spanish Inquisition who was assassinated in Saragossa While the reality of the existence of Saint Dominguito del Val is question, his "murder" at the hands of "jealous Jews" was used as an excuse to murder or convert the Jewish population of Zaragoza.
St. Vincent was concerned that the converts were not being properly educated as Christians, but such an explicit focus on the religiosity of the converts was as rare in his sermons as it was elsewhere during this period. Much more often, he stressed not the integration of the convert but the segregation of the Jew, and this in explicitly sexual terms.
Of course, St. Vincent was very much concerned with sexual offenses of any kind, and he was convinced that sexual appetites were becoming increasingly deviant in his day. Nowadays, he complained, Christian men "want to taste everything: Muslims and Jews, animals, men with men; there is no limit. "
He was especially concerned about what he perceived to be an explosion of sex between Christians and Jews.
In 1415, he told a Zaragozan audience that "many Christian men believe their wife's children to be their own, when they are actually by Muslim and Jewish [fathers]. " If the citizens did not put a stop to such interfaith adultery, he warned, God would do so through plague. His sermon provoked a sexual panic.
Christian patrols searched the streets, on the lookout for predatory Jews or Muslims in search of Christian women. One Muslim was seized, found with "iron tools for . . . forcing open doors in order to obtain Christian women for Muslim men". Another was arrested after witnesses claimed to have seen him fleeing a Christian woman's room by the flat rooftops one night. So many charges were brought that the responsible judicial official was accused of fomenting a riot against the Muslims and the Jews.
According to St. Vincent, the problem was one of ambiguous identities. Jews and Muslims were living among Christians, dressing like Christians, even adopting Christian names, so that "by their appearance they are taken and reputed by many to be Christians. "
The solution he advocated was one of heightened marking and segregation. So powerful was his reasoning that it convinced the Pope, the kings of Castile and of Aragon, and innumerable town councils and municipal officers to attempt the most extensive efforts at segregation in the Middle Ages.
It suffered two famous sieges during the Peninsular War against Napoleonic army: a first from June to August 1808; and a second from December 1808 to February 1809 (see Agustina de Aragón, Siege of Saragossa (1809)). The Peninsular War or Spanish War of Independence pitted an alliance of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal against France The First Siege of Saragossa ( Zaragoza) was a bloody struggle in the Peninsular War. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Second Siege of Saragossa was the French capture of the Spanish city of Zaragoza during the Peninsular War. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Agustina Raimunda María Saragossa Doménech, or Agustina de Aragón, ( March 4, 1786 - May 29, 1857) was a famous Spanish The Second Siege of Saragossa was the French capture of the Spanish city of Zaragoza during the Peninsular War.
Modern history
The Spanish Civil War is the event that had the deepest impact on local communities in the 20th century - by its end in 1939, towns were left poor, ruined and divided; estimates put the death toll between 500,000 and one million people. Zaragoza was bombed during this three-year war and was the site of important conflicts.
Groups fought with varying agendas but the conflict was largely between Nationalists, or Francoists, and Republican Loyalists. Nationalist groups - the eventual victors - were led by General Franco, a fascist who went on to collaborate with fellow iron-fisted rulers Hitler and Mussolini. The Republican groups were a conglomeration of left-leaning factions, ranging from anarchists to liberal capitalists. Aragón, with a militant trade-union membership throughout the region (in the prelude to the Civil War, Zaragoza workers had been on general strikes), should have been a natural stronghold of the Republicans. Poor organisation, however, meant the region's Republicans failed to capitalise on this and, but for a few pockets of ongoing rural resistance, eventually fell to the dominant Francoist groups. Franco knew the region, having set up Spain's primary military academy in Zaragoza in 1928, prior to the Civil War (it is still in use today).
The region is famous, however, as an important area in plans for the Durruti Column, perhaps the largest militia of anarchists in the war: 2000 militiamen marched toward Zaragoza from Barcelona, setting up communities outside the city because armament shortages made them unable to battle controlling Nationalists there. In Zaragoza, the remains of Italian soldiers killed in the civil war are located at the San Antonio de Padua church.
As Franco exercised his victory by executing many of his Republican enemies (up to 20,000 were killed), the first stirrings of WWII were underway. Officially neutral in the war, Spain's physical environment largely escaped unscathed - although many Spanish citizens volunteered to fight with Axis or Allied powers.
Despite a decline in the outlying rural economy, Zaragoza has continued to grow. During the second half of the 20th century, its population boomed as a number of factories opened in the region.
Expo 2008
During the Summer of 2008, Zaragoza will host "Expo 2008" - an official International Exposition (Expo / World's Fair).
The following countries and regions will take part with pavilions over the three month event:
1. Afghanistan 2. Algeria 3. Andorra 4. Angola 5. Antigua and Barbuda 6. Argentina 7. Austria 8. Bahamas 9. Barbados 10. Belgium 11. Belize 12. Bolivia 13. Brazil 14. Bulgaria 15. Cameroon 16. Cape Verde 17. China 18. Co-operative Republic of Guyana 19. Colombia 20. Costa Rica 21. Croatia 22. Cuba 23. Denmark 24. Dominica 25. Dominican Republic 26. East Timorese 27. Ecuador 28. Ecuatorial Guinea 29. Egypt 30. El Salvador 31. Ethiopia 32. Republic of Macedonia 33. France 34. Germany 35. Greece 36. Grenada 37. Guatemala 38. Haiti 39. Honduras 40. Hungary 41. India 42. Indonesia 43. Italy 44. Jamaica 45. Japan 46. Jordan 47. Kazakhstan 48. Kenya 49. Korea 50. Kuwait 51. Libya 52. Lithuania 53. Malaysia 54. Mali 55. Malta 56. Mauritania 57. Mexico 58. Monaco 59. Mongolia 60. Morocco 61. Mozambique 62. Namibia 63. Nepal 64. Netherlands 65. Nicaragua 66. Niger 67. Nigeria 68. Oman 69. Pakistan 70. Palau 71. Panama 72. Paraguay 73. Peru 74. Philippines 75. Poland 76. Portugal 77. Qatar 78. Republic of Cyprus 79. Romania 80. Russia 81. S. Vincent and the Grenadines 82. Saint Kitts and Nevis 83. Saint Lucia 84. Saudi Arabia 85. Senegal 86. Slovak Republic 87. Solomon Islands 88. South Africa 89. Spain 90. Sudan 91. Suriname 92. Sweden 93. Switzerland 94. Tanzania 95. Thailand 96. The Holy See 97. Tonga 98. Trinidad and Tobago 99. Tunisia 100. Turkey 101. Uganda 102. United Arab Emirates 103. Uruguay 104. Vanuatu 105. Venezuela 106. Vietnam 107. Yemen
Autonomous Communities and Cities by protocolary order 108. País Vasco 109. Cataluña 110. Galicia. Official site 111. Andalucía 112. Principado de Asturias 113. Cantabria 114. La Rioja 115. Región de Murcia 116. Comunitat Valenciana 117. Aragón 118. Castilla-La Mancha 119. Canarias 120. Comunidad Foral de Navarra 121. Extremadura 122. Illes Balears 123. Comunidad de Madrid 124. Castilla y León 125. Ciudad de Ceuta 126. Ciudad de Melilla
Canada and The United State will not host pavilions. They will however be well represented by artists at Expo 2008.
Canada's contribution is a daily parade with artistic direction of the Cirque du Soleil.
America will be represented by Bob Dylan - the offical artist of Expo 2008. Additional American artists scheduled to perform on the evening entertainment stage include Patti Smith, Robert Cray, Keb Mo, Ruben Blades, Diana Krall, The Stray Cats and Los Lobos. A performance by Gloria Estefan will close Expo 2008.
Spain previously hosted official World Expositions in 1929 and 1888.
Demographics
Population growth, in thousands, can be seen here: 
| 1991 | 1996 | 2001 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 594 394 | 601 674 | 610 976 | 638 799 | 647 373 | 660 895 |
- Historical Series of population: National Statistics Institute of Spain (INE)
- Dates 2006 City council of Zaragoza.
Climate
.PNG/300px-Clima_Zaragoza_(España).PNG)
Zaragoza has a mediterranean continental desert climate as it is surrounded by mountains. Demography is the statistical study of all Populations. It can be a very general science that can be applied to any kind of dynamic population that is one that changes over Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The average rainfall is a scanty 310 mm with abundant sunny days, and the rainfalls centers in spring. There is drought in summer. The temperatures are high in summer reaching up to 40°C (102°F). The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724
In Winter the temperatures are low (usually 0 to 10 °C) either because of the fog (about 20 days from November to January) or a cold and dry wind blowing from the NW, the Cierzo (related to other northerly winds such as the Mistral in the SE of France) in the clear days.
Economy
In addition to the advantageous geographic situation, a General Motors Opel factory was opened in 1982 in Figueruelas, a small village nearby. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Adam Opel GmbH (commonly known as Opel) is a German automaker part of General Motors. Figueruelas (population 1040 is a small town and Municipality in the Spanish Autonomical Region of Aragón, province of Zaragoza. The progressive decline of the agrarian economy turned Opel into one of the main pillars of the regional economy, along with: Balay, which manufactures household appliances; CAF (Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles S. A. ) which builds railway engines for both the national and international markets; SAICA and Torraspapel in the stationery sector; and various more local companies, such as Pikolin and Lacasa, that are gradually making their ways into the international market. Pikolin is a Spanish Mattress manufacturer headquartered in Zaragoza. Lacasa SA is a Spanish Confectionary company headquartered in Zaragoza.
As of 2006, the city's economy is benefitting from projects like Expo 2008 (the next official World's Fair, with the theme of water and sustainable development, to be held between June 14 and September 13, 2008), [1], Plataforma Logística de Zaragoza (PLAZA), Parque Tecnológico de Reciclado (PTR), as well as being on the route of the AVE high-speed rail route since December 2003, which consolidates the city role as a communications hub. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Expo 2008 was an International exposition held from 14 June to 14 September 2008 coordinated by the Bureau of International Expositions Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Ave! or aue! is a Latin phrase used by the Romans as a salutation and Greeting, meaning 'hail' Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.
Zaragoza is home to a Spanish Air Force base, which was (until 1994) shared with the U.S. Air Force. The Spanish Air Force ( Spanish: Ejército del Aire; literally "Army of the Air" is the Air force of Spain. [2] In English, the base was known as Zaragoza Air Base. Zaragoza Airport is a commercial Airport near Zaragoza, Spain. The Spanish Air Force maintained an F/A-18 Hornet wing at the base. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout No American flying wings (with the exception of a few KC-135's) were permanently based here, but it served as a training base for American fighter squadrons across Europe. It is the main headquarters for the Spanish Land Army, hosting the Academia General Militar, a number of brigades at San Gregorio, and other garrisons.
Culture
Zaragoza is linked by legend to the beginnings of Christianity in Spain. According to legend, the Virgin Mary appeared miraculously to Saint James the Great in the 1st century, standing on a pillar. For people and places called Saint James, see the Saint James disambiguation page The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. This legend is commemorated by a famous Catholic basilica called Nuestra Señora del Pilar ("Our Lady of the Pillar"). The Latin word basilica (derived from Greek, Basiliké Stoà, Royal Stoa) was originally used to describe a Roman The Basilica-Cathedral of Our Lady of the Pillar (in Spanish Catedral-Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Pilar) is a Roman Catholic church in the city of Zaragoza
The event, called "Las Fiestas del Pilar", is celebrated on October 12, which is a major festival day in Zaragoza. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Since it coincided in 1492 with the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus, that day is also celebrated as El Día de la Hispanidad (Columbus Day, literally Hispanic Day) by Spanish-speaking people worldwide. The National Holiday of Spain or Hispanic Day ( Fiesta Nacional de España or Día de la Hispanidad, in Spanish; Festa Nacional d'Espanya Many countries in the New World and elsewhere celebrate the anniversary of Christopher Columbus 's arrival in the Americas, which occurred on October 12,
"El Pilar" lasts for nine days, with all kinds of acts: from the massively attended Pregon (opening speech) to the final fireworks display over the Ebro, there are bands, dances, procession of gigantes y cabezudos (carnival figures made of papier mache), concerts, exhibitions, the famous "vaquillas" bulls and the bull festival. Some of the most important features are the Ofrenda de Flores (Flower offering) to the virgin on the 12th, when an enormous cloak is made of the flowers
Education
The University of Zaragoza is headquartered in the city. The University of Zaragoza or sometimes Saragossa University (in Spanish: Universidad de Zaragoza) is the only Public university in the As one of the oldest universities of Spain and a major research and development center, this public university awards all the highest academic degrees in dozens of fields. The phrase research and development (also R and D or more often R&D) according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers A public university is a University that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government as opposed to private universities.
Transportation
The city is connected by motorway with Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Bilbao and Toulouse — all of which are located about 300 kilometres (200 miles) from Zaragoza. Motorway is a term for both a type of Road and a classification or designation Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Valencia ( Valencian: València, Valencia Spanish phonology --> is the capital of the Spanish autonomous Bilbao, (also Bilbo) in the North of Spain, is the largest city in the Basque Country and the capital of the province of Biscay (Basque Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States
The Zaragoza Airport is a small commercial airport. Zaragoza Airport is a commercial Airport near Zaragoza, Spain. It also is the home of the Spanish Air Force 15th Group, as well as being utilized by NASA as a contingency landing site for the Space Shuttle in the case of a Transoceanic Abort Landing (TAL). The Spanish Air Force ( Spanish: Ejército del Aire; literally "Army of the Air" is the Air force of Spain. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States
Zaragoza is also connected to the Spanish High Speed railway (Renfe's AVE), by the Madrid-Barcelona line. Renfe Operadora is the State-owned company which operates freight and passenger Trains on the 1668-mm " Iberian gauge " and 1435-mm " Ave! or aue! is a Latin phrase used by the Romans as a salutation and Greeting, meaning 'hail' Madrid is reachable in 1 hour 15 minutes, and Barcelona in approximately 1 hour 30 minutes.
Sport
Zaragoza's football team, Real Zaragoza, plays in the Segunda División. Real Zaragoza is a Spanish football team from Zaragoza in Aragón. . One of the most remarkable events in the team's recent history is the winning of the former UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1995. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The team has also won the Spanish National Cup "Copa del Rey" six times: 1965, 1966, 1986, 1994, 2001 and 2004 and a Fairs Cup (1964). The Copa del Rey is an annual cup competition for Spanish football teams Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " History Spanish era The first competition was to be held over two seasons to avoid clashes with national leagues fixtures
Zaragoza's handball team, CAI BM Aragón, plays in the Liga ASOBAL. History After the 2004-05 season the team was promoted from Honor Division B to Liga ASOBAL. Liga Asobal, is the premier professional Handball league in Spain.
Their local basketball team, CAI ZARAGOZA, is now on the LEB league where they finished 1st in the 2007-08 season. Liga Española de Baloncesto is a Spanish basketball championship that is the next level of the ACB. They play at the Príncipe Felipe with a capacity of 11,000 and their head coach is Segura Curro.
Zaragoza was strongly associated with Jaca in its failed bid for the 2014 Winter Olympics. Jaca ( Chaca in Aragonese) is a City of northeastern Spain near the border with France, in the midst of the Pyrenees in
Places of interest
Near the basilica on the banks of the Ebro are located the city hall, the Lonja (old currency exchange), La Seo (literally in Aragonese language, "the cathedral") or Cathedral of San Salvador, a magnificent church built over the main mosque (partially preserved in the 11th century north wall of the Parroquieta), with romanesque apses from 12th century; inside, the imponent hallenkirche from 15-16th centuries, the baroque tower, and finally, with its famous Museum of Trapestries near the Roman ruins of forum and port city wall. The Basilica-Cathedral of Our Lady of the Pillar (in Spanish Catedral-Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Pilar) is a Roman Catholic church in the city of Zaragoza The foreign exchange ( currency or forex or FX) market refers to the market for currencies. See also List of cities with defensive walls A defensive wall is a Fortification used to defend a city or settlement from potential aggressors
Near this area is a tapas zone called El Tubo and a nightclub district called El Casco Viejo. For the spritual concept see Tapas (Sanskrit; for the Spanish film see Tapas (film. A nightclub (or "night club" or "club" is a drinking, dancing, and entertainment venue which does its primary business after dark Other nightclub districts are La Zona, El Rollo and "el ambiente" (the scene) for gay people.
Some distance from the centre of the old city is an expansive Moorish castle or palace called the Aljafería, the most important Moorish buildings in Northern Spain and the setting for Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore (The Troubadour). Al-Andalus (الأندلس was the Arabic name given to those parts of the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims or The Aljafería Palace ( Arabic: قصر الجعفرية Qasr Aljafariya Spanish: Palacio de la Aljafería) is a fortified palace built during the Il trovatore ( The Troubadour) is an Opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian Libretto by Leone Emanuele Bardare The Aragonese parliament currently sits in the building.
The churches of San Pablo, Santa María Magdalena and San Gil are built in 14th century, but towers can be old minarets of 11th century; San Miguel of 14th century; Santiago (San Ildefonso) and Fecetas monastery are baroque with mudejar ceilings of 17th century. All churches are Mudéjar monuments of that comprise the World Heritage Site
Other important sights are the stately houses and magnificent palaces in the city, mainly of 16th century: palaces of condes de Morata or Luna (Audiencia), Deán, Torrero (colegio de Arquitectos), Don Lope or Real Maestranza, condes de Sástago, condes de Argillo (today Pablo Gargallo museum), archbishop, etc. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex
The most important Zaragoza museums are the Museum of Fine Arts, with paintings of early Aragonese artists, 15th century, and of El Greco, Ribera and Goya, and the Camon Aznar Museum, with paintings ranging from Rubens, Rembrandt, Van Dyck, Velazquez and Goya to Renoir, Manet and Sorolla.
Sister cities
The following cities are twinned with Zaragoza:[3]
- Pau
France - Biarritz France
- Móstoles
Spain - Bethlehem
Israel - León
Nicaragua - La Plata
Argentina - Zaragoza
Guatemala - Tijuana
Mexico - Ponce
Puerto Rico - Coimbra
Portugal - Zamboanga City
Philippines - Kyoto
Japan
See also
Monuments
References
External links
- Council of Zaragoza
- Zaragoza Monuments, Galleries, Walks and Attractions
- Bardenas Reales desert (Aragon/Navarra)
- Zaragoza is at coordinates Coordinates:
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