Zakynthos Prefecture Νομός Ζακύνθου
Periphery	Ionian Islands
Capital	Zakynthos
Population	41,472 (2005)Ranked 51st
Area	406 km² Ranked 52nd
Population density	102. The peripheries ( Περιφέρειες) are the official regional Administrative divisions of Greece. This article is about the group of islands west of Greece For the ancient region in western Anatolia see Ionia. Zakynthos ( Greek: Ζάκυνθος - Zákinthos, also named in Italian language Zante or Zacinto) is a city in western Greece In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology This is a list of the Prefectures of Greece, in order of descending population (in 2005 except otherwise stated Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a list of the Prefectures of Greece, in order of descending area Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 1/km²Ranked 8th
Number of municipalities	6
Postal codes	29x xx
Area codes	26950
Licence plate code	ΖΑ
ISO 3166-2 code	GR-21
Website	www.zakynthos.gr

Zakynthos (Greek: Ζάκυνθος([Zakenthos] (help·info)), sometimes called Zante in English; in Italian Zacinto or Zante), the third largest of the Ionian Islands, covers an area of 410 km² (158 sq mi) and its coastline is roughly 123 km (76 mi) in length. This is a list of the Prefectures of Greece, in order of descending Population density according to the 2001 census "real" population figures and land areas The Greek Postal code system is is administered by ELTA (Ελληνικά Ταχυδρομεία Hellenic Post) This is a list of dialing codes in Greece. The first digit represents type of service Greek Vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e ISO 3166-2GR is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to Greece. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. This article is about the group of islands west of Greece For the ancient region in western Anatolia see Ionia. The island is named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus. In Greek mythology, Zakynthos (Ζάκυνθος (alternatively Zacynthus) was the son of the legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus. In Greek mythology, Dardanus ( Greek: Δάρδανος English translation: "burned up" from the verb δαρδάπτω ( dardapto The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin. The name Pelasgians (from Ancient Greek grc Πελασγοί Pelasgoí, singular Πελασγός Pelasgós) was used by some ancient Greek Zakynthos has a thriving tourism industry.

Contents 1 Municipalities 2 Population 3 Geography 4 History 4.1 The Great Earthquake of 1953 4.2 After the quake 4.3 The April 2006 Earthquake Swarm 4.4 After the quake and the Wildfires of 2006 5 SCUBA Diving 6 Transportation 7 Communications 7.1 Television 7.2 Newspapers 7.3 Radio stations 8 Sporting clubs 8.1 Football 8.1.1 Existing teams 8.1.2 Former teams 9 Notable people from Zakynthos 10 References

Municipalities

Municipality	Municipal code	Seat (if different)	Postal code
1. Alykes	1601	Katastari	290 90
2. Alykes or Alikes (Greek Modern Αλυκές older forms -ai and -e is a municipality on the island of Zakynthos, Greece Katastari (Καταστάρι is a settlement in the Alykes municipality of the Zakynthos prefecture of Greece (Longitude 20° 45'24" E Latitude Arkadion	1602	Vanato	291 00
3. Arkadion (Αρκαδίων is a municipality on the island of Zakynthos, Greece. Vanato is a village in the municipality of Arkadion on the island of Zakynthos, Greece. Artemisia	1603	Macherado	290 92
4. Artemisia (Αρτεμισία is a municipality of Zakynthos, Greece. Nearest places Galaro, north Population Location and transportation Machairado is located between 10 and Elatia	1604	Volimes	290 91
5. Elatia (Ελάτια is a municipality on the island of Zakynthos, Greece. Settlements Agios Nikolaos Askos Elies Korithi Varvara Laganas	1606	Pantokrator	290 92
6. Laganas ( Greek: Λαγανάς alternatively called Lagana) is a town and a municipality located in the southern part of the Greek Zakynthos (city)	1605		291 00

Population

• 1900: 42,000
• 1981: 30,011
• 1991: 32,556 (island), 13,000 (city)
• 2001: 38,596

In 2006, there were 507 births and 407 deaths. Zakynthos ( Greek: Ζάκυνθος - Zákinthos, also named in Italian language Zante or Zacinto) is a city in western Greece Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. [1]. Zakynthos is one of the regions with highest population growth in Greece. It is also one of the only 3 prefectures (Out of 54) in which rural population have a positive population growth rate. In fact rural population have higher growth rate than the urban population in Zakynthos. Out of the 507 births, 141 were in urban areas and 366 were in rural areas. Out of the 407 deaths, 124 were in urban areas and 283 were in rural areas.

See also: List of settlements in the Zakynthos prefecture

Geography

Zakynthos has a varied terrain, with fertile plains in the southeastern part and mountainous terrain with steep cliffs along the coasts on the west. This is a list of settlements in the Zakynthos prefecture, Greece. Zakynthos town coordinates are: Latitude 37. 79139/37°47'29 N, Longitude: 20. 89528/20'53'43 E.

The mild, Mediterranean climate and the plentiful winter rainfall endow the island with dense vegetation. The principal products are olive oil, currants, grapes and citrus fruit. Olive oil is a fruit oil obtained from the olive ( Olea europaea; family Oleaceae along with Lilacs Jasmine and ash trees The Zante currant ( Vitis vinifera) or currant is a variety of Small, Sweet, seedless Grape named after Corinth (currant and For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is Citrus is a common term and Genus of Flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of

The capital, which has the same name as the prefecture, is the town of Zakynthos; apart from the official name, it is also called Chora (i. The Flag of Zakynthos, Greece or Flag of Zante has a dark green background with an orange depiction of Zakynthos, the mytho-historical first Zakynthos ( Greek: Ζάκυνθος - Zákinthos, also named in Italian language Zante or Zacinto) is a city in western Greece e. the Town, a common denomination in Greece when the name of the island itself is the same as the name of the principal town). According to the 2001 census, the island has a population of 38,957.

Among the most famous Zakynthians is the 19th century poet Dionysios Solomos, the principal modern Greek poet and author of the national anthem of Greece. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Dionysios Solomos (Greek Διονύσιος Σολωμός ( 1798 - 9 February 1857) was a Greek Poet from Zakynthos. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's His statue adorns the main town square. Also the explorer Juan de Fuca (Ioannis Focas) and the Italian poet Ugo Foscolo were born here. Ioánnis Fokás ( Greek: Ιωάννης Φωκάς better known as Juan de Fuca (born 1536 on the Ionian island of Kefallonia; died there 1602 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Ugo Foscolo ( February 6, 1778 - September 10, 1827) was an Italian writer and poet

The island has one airport, the Dionysos Solomos Airport (on former GR-35) in its southwest which connects flights with other Greek airports. Further southwest is the National Marine Park of Zakynthos where loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) are found in the bay of Kalamaki. The Loggerhead Sea Turtle ( Caretta caretta) is a Sea turtle and the only member of the genus Caretta. Caretta caretta is an endangered species - especially by the deck chairs laid out on their breeding grounds and the inevitable pollution. An endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming Extinct because it is either few in numbers or threatened by changing environmental or predation Every year at the beginning of June, the female turtles come to the southern beaches in order to bury their eggs in the sand. The incubation period for the nest is approximately fifty five days, after which time hatchlings emerge from the nest and make their way to the sea. The survival rate for hatchlings is very small, and it is estimated that only one in one thousand hatchlings that enter the sea live to adulthood. Each nest contains around one hundred to one hundred and twenty eggs, each of which are around the size and shape of a ping-pong ball. Female turtles begin to lay nests at around twenty to thirty years of age.

The port of Zakynthos has a ferry connecting to the port of Kyllini on the mainland. Kastro-Kyllini is a municipality in the Elis Prefecture, Greece. Another ferry connects the village of Skinari to Argostoli on the island of Kefalonia. Argostoli (Modern Αργοστόλι Ancient/Katharevousa -ον -on) has been the capital and administrative centre of Kefalonia, Greece, since The island of Kefalonia, also known as Cephallenia, Cephallonia, Kefallinia, or Kefallonia (Ancient Greek Κεφαλληνία Modern

The Zante currant, a small sweet seedless grape is native to the island. The Zante currant ( Vitis vinifera) or currant is a variety of Small, Sweet, seedless Grape named after Corinth (currant and For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is

• Island length: 40 km
• Island width: 20 km
• Highest point: Vrachionas, 758 m

Sites of interest include Shipwreck Bay, Cape Skinari and the Blue Caves. Navagio Beach ( Greek:) or the Shipwreck, is an isolated sandy cove on Zakynthos island and one of the most famous beaches in Greece. The western part of the island is accessible and has a panoramic view of the sea. The ridge area from Anafontria has an observation deck which overlooks the shipwreck and there is a monastery nearby.

Keri is located in the far south of the island. It is a mountain village and has a lighthouse in the south. It includes a panorama of the southern part of the Ionian Sea. The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea.

For tourist facilities, Zante has campsites and beaches including, a beautiful strech near Keri, around 100 m in length and surrounded by cliffs. The island also offers a plethora of arches and cliffs which are widely known beyond the island ; One is underground. Several documentaries have been filmed around this area of Zakynthos/Zante. Beaches are to be found in Porto Limnionas, Porto Vromi and Porto Zoro.

History

Zakynthos was inhabited from the Neolithic Age, as some archaeological excavations have proved. The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek grc ἀρχαιολογία archaiologia – grc ἀρχαῖος archaīos

The famous ancient Greek poet and writer, Homer, first mentioned the island in his masterpieces, the Iliad and the Odyssey, stating that the first inhabitants of it were the son of King Dardanos of Troy called Zakynthos and his men and that they first came on the island around 1500-1600 BC. Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the The Iliad ( Greek: Ἰλιάς (Ancient Ιλιάδα (Modern is together with the Odyssey, one of two ancient The Odyssey ( Greek: Ὀδύσσεια or Odússeia) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.

The island was then conquered by the Great Imperial King Arkeisios of Kefalonia. The famous Ulysses (Odysseus in Greek) from Ithaca was the next King to conquer the island. grc-Latn Odysseus or la Ulysses ( Greek grc-Latn Odysseus; Latin: la Ulixes or more commonly Ulysses) oʊˈdɪsiəs The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c Ithaca or Ithaka (in Greek, Ιθάκη, Ithaki) is an island in the Ionian Sea, in Greece, with an area of 118 km²

Later on, a treaty was signed that made Zakynthos an independent democracy, the first established in the Hellenic area, and that lasted more than 650 years.

Zakynthos, along with the rest of the Ionian islands, spent centuries as a subject of the Republic of Venice and other Italian principalities. The Most Serene Republic of Venice ((Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta or Repùblica de Venesia Serenissima Repubblica Italian rule protected the island from Ottoman domination but in its place it put a feudal oligarchy. The cultural influence of Italy (and of Italian on local dialect) was considerable. The wealthy made a habit of sending their sons to Italy to be educated. A good example is Dionysios Solomos, a native of Zakynthos and Greece's national poet. Dionysios Solomos (Greek Διονύσιος Σολωμός ( 1798 - 9 February 1857) was a Greek Poet from Zakynthos. However, both the Greek language and Orthodox faith survived intact. During the Napoleonic wars the islands were occupied at different times by France, as part of the département Mer-Égée (which induced the peasants to revolt), Russia, Turkey (Septinsular Republic) and finally Britain, which held on to them under the guise of the United States of the Ionian Islands until 1864, when they were ceded to Greece to stabilize the rule of the newly crowned Danish-born King of Greece, Georgios I. In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Mer-Égée ( French for Aegean Sea) was a one of three short-lived French départements in present Greece. The Septinsular Republic ( Επτάνησος Πολιτεία, Repubblica Settinsulare) was an island Republic that existed from 1800 to 1807 under The United States of the Ionian Islands (Ηνωμένον Κράτος των Ιονίων Νήσων ( Enomenon Kratos ton Ionion Neson) Stati Uniti delle Isole Ionie was a George I King of the Hellenes (Γεώργιος A' Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων Georgios A' Vasileus ton Ellinon; 24 December 1845 &ndash 18 March 1913 was

The Great Earthquake of 1953

This 'paradise on earth' suffered a series of four severe earthquakes in August 1953, resulting in the total destruction of the island's infrastructure, including most of its state archives. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer The third and most destructive of those quakes, registering 7. 3 on the Richter Scale, occurred at 09:24 UTC (11:24 am local time) on August 12, 1953. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It had its epicentre directly under the southern tip of the nearby island of Kefalonia and caused widespread destruction there as well. The island of Kefalonia, also known as Cephallenia, Cephallonia, Kefallinia, or Kefallonia (Ancient Greek Κεφαλληνία Modern In addition, the quake was felt throughout most of the country. Only three buildings on Zakynthos were left standing after the disaster: the St. Dionysios Cathedral, the National Bank building and the church of St. Nicholas "tou Molou" (of the Quay). A few other buildings in outlying areas managed to avoid complete collapse. The first relief efforts came from the British Royal Navy and the state of Israel; during Nazi Germany's occupation of the island, the island's Bishop Chrysostomos gave the Germans a list of Jews on the island. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers It was a list of two names; his own and the mayor's. Israel's relief came with a message that read "The Jews of Zakynthos have never forgotten their Mayor and their beloved Bishop and what they did for us. "^[1] The rebuilding of the island was subject to a very rigid anti-seismic code, and has thus withstood several moderate and powerful earthquakes at a minimal amount of damage.

After the quake

After the enormous earthquake, the island's roads were expanded and paved along with the GR-35, one of the roads linking with the town and Porto Roma along with Laganas, Keri and Volimes and from Lachans to Keri. Porto Roma (Πόρτο Ρώμα is a Greek village on Zakynthos and is also famous for its hotels including one named Porto Roma, resorts and beaches Laganas ( Greek: Λαγανάς alternatively called Lagana) is a town and a municipality located in the southern part of the Greek Its airport was opened in the 1960s. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 Its population partly emigrated but subsequently boomed in later years.

Mining is also common on the island. Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body A small mountain located in Zakynthos' west side was mined during the 1990s, though it is no longer in use. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Today, mining continues, but with two quarries on the mountain range on the western part of the island. Tourism continues to thrive and Zakynthos is currently one of the most popular tourist destinations in Greece. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

The April 2006 Earthquake Swarm

Starting in the early morning hours of April 4, 2006, a series of moderate to strong earthquakes occurring on an almost daily basis began shaking almost the entire island. Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. On April 11, however, the phenomenon intensified in both magnitude and rate of events. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. At 03:02 local time of that day, a powerful, magnitude 5. 7 earthquake hit the area, only to be followed by an even stronger tremor, registering at 5. 9 on the Richter Scale, at 8:30 p. m. (20:30) EET. On April 12, a committee of the nation's most prominent seismologists had an emergency meeting with the Greek Ministry of Environment and Public Works, in order to asess the emerging situation. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The meeting ended in a scientific consensus that this specific area of the Ionian Sea was simply not ready to produce an even stronger quake, advising the nervous citizens of the island to remain calm. However, at 19:52 and at 19:56 local time of that same evening, two more earthquakes shook the region sending scores of terrified people into the streets. The earthquakes had a preliminary moment magnitude of 5. 8 and 5. 4 respectively. Seismologists at the Athens Seismological Institute were once again taken by surprise by what turned into an unprecedented riddle concerning whether or not these were in fact foreshocks of a major event. The chances are, nonetheless, that this was just a phenomenon known as earthquake swarm, characterized by a pattern of a considerable amount of magnitude-wise similar tremors, all occurring within a limited number of days or weeks. Earthquake swarms are events where a local area experiences sequences of many Earthquakes striking in a relatively short period of time As a result of the recurring jolts, moderate damage was reported to a total of sixty residencies and one library, while a small crack appeared on the eastern part of the capital's port. In addition, several rocks tumbled down onto one of the island's main roads, running through its mountainous areas.

The Ionian Islands are situated upon one of Europe's most notorious faults, capable of producing earthquakes potentially causing both widespread damage and considerable loss of life. In Geology a fault, or fault line, is a planar rock fracture which shows evidence of relative movement However it should be stressed that, following the catastrophe of 1953, the authorities of Zakynthos have enforced a strict program of antiseismic standards to be applied in every building to be constructed. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. All buildings have been built on a swimming slab and enforced with steel, determined by the government to ensure safety. As a result, an earthquake similar to that of August 12, 1953, will almost certainly result in far less destruction. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

After the quake and the Wildfires of 2006

On Thursday July 18, 2006, the western portion of the island was hit by a forest fire. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The fire spread to the island's forest and ended up spreading by hectares. Firefighters along with helicopters and planes from the mainland arrived to fight the fire's expansion and further deforestation. The fire lasted for several days and on July 20, much of the area was contained; though it had become unpopular and unattractive scenery. Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold One of the conflagrations appeared as a fiery line visible from as far away as the southern portion of the island and the Ionian Sea.

SCUBA Diving

The island offers exceptional attractions for divers. Many of the dive sites are cave dives around the island ; a wide range of marine life can be found, and common amomgst it are moray eels, monk seals, octopus, and loggerhead turtules (caretta caretta).

Transportation

Greece National Road 35, a road linking Zante and Porto Roma; and another road linking Zante and Volimes.

Communications

Television

• ERZ
• TVZ

Newspapers

• Ημέρα τση Ζάκυθος

Radio stations

• ISLAND FM 88.6 English speaking with English music and news
• Stigma Radio 97.6 Greek speaking with mainly English music
• Astrafm 90. Television broadcasting in Greece began in 1966 with the first network EPT (Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi broadcasting out of Athens, as a state-owned Below is a list of Newspapers published in Greece. Athens Newspapers (Available Nationally Daily Political Newspapers Adesmeftos Greece has well over 1000 Radio stations most of them on the FM band, the AM band being almost entirely abandoned by everyone but the State-run media 6 Greek speaking with mainly English music
• Bravo Radio 89.6 Greek speaking with mainly Greek music

Sporting clubs

See also: Zakynthos Football Clubs Association

Football

Existing teams

• A. Organization The association is a member of the Hellenic Football Federation and organizes a regional football league and cup Football is the national Sport of Greece. League system The first league of professional football in Greece was established as the S. Angerikos
• A. O. Aris Agios Dimitrios - Agios Dimitrios
• Asteras Macherado Zakynthos - Macherado
• A. O. Doxa Lithakia
• A. E. S. Esperos
• Ethnikos Skoulikado
• A. E. Kalamaki - Kalamaki
• Katastari AC - Katastari
• A. O. Pantokratora
• Peiratis Lagkana - Lagkana
• A. O. Tsilivdi
• Thyella Ampelokipi - Ampelokipoi
• A. S. Yakinthos
• A. P. S. Zakynthos - Zakynthos

Former teams

• A. E. Lagkana, merged with Peiratis to form Peiratis Lagkanba
• Peiratis Zakynthos, merged with A. E. Lagkana to form Peiratis Lagkana

Notable people from Zakynthos

• Saint Dionysios of Zakynthos 16th century
• Nikolaos Koutouzis (1741-1813), painter
• Ugo Foscolo (1778-1827), Greek-Italian writer
• Andreas Kalvos (1789-1869), poet
• Dionysios Solomos (1798-1857), poet, creator of the Greek national anthem
• Pavlos Carrer (1829-1896), composer
• Leonidas Zois (1865-1956), historian
• George Costakis (1913-1990), art collector
• Kostas Dikefalos (1956), sculptor

References

---

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic