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Part of a series on the Islamic creed:  |
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| Five Pillars of Islam | |
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Shahādah - Profession of faith |
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| Sunni Six articles of belief | |
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Tawhīd - Oneness |
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| Shi'a Twelver Principles of the Religion (Usul al-Din) |
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Tawhīd - Oneness |
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| Shi'a Twelver Practices of the Religion (Furu al-Din) |
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Salah - Prayer |
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| Shi'a Ismaili 7 pillars | |
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Walayah - Guardianship |
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| Others | |
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Kharijite Sixth Pillar of Islam. An angel is a Spiritual Supernatural being found in many Religions Although the nature of angels and the tasks given to them vary from tradition to tradition In Islam, Yawm al-Qiyāmah "the Day of Resurrection" (يوم القيامة or Yawm ad-Din "the Day of Faith" (يوم الدين is God's final This is a sub-article of Sunni Islam, Aqidah and Predestination. See also Shi'a Islam Twelver Shi'ism ( ar اثنا عشرية Ithnāˤashariyyah) is the largest branch of Shi'a branch of Islam In Twelver Shi'a Islam, the Principles of the Religion ( Usūl al-Dīn) are the five main theological beliefs that Shi'a Muslims must possess Adalah (عدالة means justice and denotes The Justice of God. In Islam, Nubuwwah (نبوة means "Prophethood" and denotes that God has appointed perfect Prophets and Messengers to teach mankind Gods religion This is a sub-article to Imamah (Shi'a doctrine and is specifically about the Shi'a Twelver conception of the term In Islam, Yawm al-Qiyāmah "the Day of Resurrection" (يوم القيامة or Yawm ad-Din "the Day of Faith" (يوم الدين is God's final See also Shi'a Islam Twelver Shi'ism ( ar اثنا عشرية Ithnāˤashariyyah) is the largest branch of Shi'a branch of Islam In Twelver Shi'a Islam, the ten Practices of the Religion ( Furū al-Dīn) are the ten practices that Shi'a Muslims must perform Ṣalāt ( Arabic: صلاة, pl ṣalawāt, Qur'anic Arabic: صلوة ṣalawah) (also munz in Pashto and ll This is a sub-article to Sawm and Ramadan During the entire month of Ramadan, Muslims are obliged to fast (صوم Sawm Ramadan or Ramazan ( Arabic: رمضان Ramaḍān) is a Muslim religious observance that takes place during the ninth month of the Islamic The Hajj (حج is a pilgrimage to Mecca (Makkah It is the largest annual pilgrimage in the world Mecca ˈmɛkə also spelled Makkah ˈmækə (in full Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Arabic mækːæ(t ælmʊkarˑamæ مكّة المكرمة, literally Honored This is a sub-article of Islamic economical jurisprudence. Zakaat ( زكاة zækæːh zakaat or zakāh, has the implied Khums ( خمس xʊms is the Arabic word for One Fifth (1/5 According to Shia Islamic legal terminology it means "one-fifth of certain items which a person Jihad (جهاد ʤɪhæːd an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. Commanding the just ( Arabic: Amr bil Ma'rūf امر بالمعروف) is a part of Shia Islam 's Branches of Religion and Forbidding what is evil (النهي عن المنكر "Nahy an al-Munkar") is a part of Islam and means for example to oppose injustice Tawalla (تولّى - Loving the Ahl al-Bayt, is a part of the Twelver Shi'a Branches of Religion and is derived from a Qur'anic See also Muhammad's wives Ahl al-Bayt ( Arabic:ar أهل البيت is an Arabic phrase literally meaning People of the House, or family Tabarra (تبرأ - is a Shia Muslim doctrine that refers to the obligation of hating those who hate Allah and cursing those who reject the Wilayah of See also Muhammad's wives Ahl al-Bayt ( Arabic:ar أهل البيت is an Arabic phrase literally meaning People of the House, or family For the Egyptian city see Ismaïlia. The Ismāʿīlī ( Urdu: إسماعیلی Ismāʿīlī, Arabic: الإسماعيليون The Shi'a Ismāˤīlī - the Nizari, Druze and Mustaali - have Pillars beyond those of the Sunni. This is about the "pillar of Islam" for the historical view see Imamah (Shi'a Ismaili doctrine Guardianship (ولاية Walayah This article is about Hygiene in Islam. For the Jewish Taharah ritual preparation for burial see Bereavement in Judaism preparing the body — Taharah Ṣalāt ( Arabic: صلاة, pl ṣalawāt, Qur'anic Arabic: صلوة ṣalawah) (also munz in Pashto and This is a sub-article of Islamic economical jurisprudence. Zakaat ( زكاة zækæːh zakaat or zakāh, has the implied ll This is a sub-article to Sawm and Ramadan During the entire month of Ramadan, Muslims are obliged to fast (صوم Sawm Ramadan or Ramazan ( Arabic: رمضان Ramaḍān) is a Muslim religious observance that takes place during the ninth month of the Islamic The Hajj (حج is a pilgrimage to Mecca (Makkah It is the largest annual pilgrimage in the world Mecca ˈmɛkə also spelled Makkah ˈmækə (in full Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Arabic mækːæ(t ælmʊkarˑamæ مكّة المكرمة, literally Honored Jihad (جهاد ʤɪhæːd an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. Kharijites (Arabic Khawārij خوارج literally "Those who Went Out" is a general term embracing various Muslims who while initially supporting the The term Sixth pillar of Islam refers to an addition to the Five Pillars of Islam; the five pillars of Islam explain the basic tenets of Islam Shi'a Islam |
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- This is a sub-article of Islamic economical jurisprudence. Fiqh ( Arabic: فقه, fɪqəh is Islamic Jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the Sharia Islamic law—based directly on the An academic discipline or field of study is a branch of Knowledge which is taught or Researched at the college or university level This is a sub-article to Religious education, Academic discipline, and Islam. This is a sub-article of Fiqh and Law and economics. Islamic economics is Economics in accordance with Islamic law Under Islamic law, jizya or jizyah (جزْية ʤɪzjæh Ottoman Turkish: cizye both derived from Pahlavi and ultimately from Aramaic In Sharia (Islamic Jurisprudence) nisab (نصاب is the amount which savings or capital or product must exceed in order for the Muslim owner to be obliged Khums ( خمس xʊms is the Arabic word for One Fifth (1/5 According to Shia Islamic legal terminology it means "one-fifth of certain items which a person This is a sub-article of Zakat, Infaq and Mustahabb. Sadaqah (plural sadaqat) ( صدقة, sˤɒdæqɒh is an A waqf ( plural, awqāf; vakıf wæqəf is an inalienable religious endowment in Islam, typically devoting a building or plot of land for Muslim Bayt al-Mal, AKA Bayt al-Mal Lil Muslimeen is a Hezbollah -controlled organization that performs financial services for the organization Islamic banking refers to a system of banking or banking activity that is consistent with Islamic law ( Sharia) principles and guided by Islamic economics Riba ( Arabic: ربا rɪbæː means Usury and is forbidden in Islamic economic jurisprudence. Murabaha (accurate transliteration murābaḥa, Arabic مرابحه is defined as a particular kind of sale compliant with Shariah, where the seller expressly mentions Takaful is an Islamic Insurance concept which is grounded in Islamic muamalat (banking transactions observing the rules and regulations of Islamic Sukuk ( Arabic: صكوك plural of صك Sakk "legal instrument deed check" is the Arabic name for a financial Certificate but can be seen This is a sub-article to Islamic economical jurisprudence and Inheritance. This is a sub-article of Islamic economic jurisprudence and Muslim world. See also Modern Islamic philosophy, Islamism, Islamic terrorism Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Quran, the Sunna In Islamic law Marriage ("ʿurs" عرس is a legal bond and Social contract between a man and a woman as prompted by the Shari'a. This is a sub-article of Fiqh and Criminal law. Islamic criminal law (فقه العقوبات is Criminal law in accordance This is a sub-article of Islamic jurisprudence and Etiquette. This is a sub-article to Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic theology. This is a sub-article to Fiqh and Hygiene Hygiene is a prominent topic in Islam. Islamic military jurisprudence consists of the basic laws governing the conduct of the military aspects of Jihad (also known as "lesser Jihad " This is a sub-article of Fiqh and Law and economics. Islamic economics is Economics in accordance with Islamic law
Zakaat (Arabic: زكاة zakaat or zakāh, meaning 'grow', 'purify', or 'foster') is the Islamic concept of tithing and alms. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. A tithe (from Old English teogoþa "tenth" is a one-tenth part of something paid as a (usually voluntary contribution or as a Tax or levy Alms or almsgiving exists in a number of religions In general it involves giving materially to another as an act of religious virtue It is an obligation on Muslims to pay 2. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion 5% of the minimum wealth (net worth) which they have had for a full lunar year (approx 2. A lunar calendar is a Calendar that is based on cycles of the Moon phase. 5% per calendar year). Exempt from Zakat are a person's house, his wife's jewelry and transportation (car). Zakat is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. The Five Pillars of Islam (Arabic أركان الإسلام is the term given to the five duties incumbent on every Muslim.
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Causes
People Whose Hearts are to be Reconciled include (Normally new Muslims or those close to becoming Muslim. Even non-Muslims could be included):
- Freed slaves
- Those heavily indebted with paying their debts
- Travelers who find themselves in difficult circumstances
There have been cases where you can't pay zakat for
- Traditional zakaat laws generally do not cover trade.
- It is not permissible to pay zakaat to some members of the family (i. e. grandparents, parents, spouses, children), for if they were needy or poor, they are under the custody of the eligible man while Zakat is considered a sort of Public Charity.
- Zakat doesn't become obligatory on a Muslim if he doesn't have a minimum amount in his possession that has remained unchanged for a whole lunar year; any increase in that money during the year waits for the following year and any decrease as long as the total amount is still above the minimum amount is exempted. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion
In all the four recognised madhabs the fiqh of Zakat (http://wwww.zakatpages.com/about) is very much the same with the key elements that make Zakat compulsory for an individual being: Islam, Freedom, the Nisab, Ownership and a Year's Possession.
- Zakah is a form of worship which has the spiritual development of the believer just as in the case of Salah, Sawm, etc.
Therefore, it should not be looked at as being only an economic duty.
Spiritual Purpose
The spiritual purpose for Zakah is recorded in the following Qur’anic verses:
خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِم بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ صَلاَتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْ وَاللّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Of their goods, take alms, that so thou mightest purify and sanctify them; and pray on their behalf. Verily thy prayers are a source of security for them: And Allah is One Who heareth and knoweth. [Qur'an 9:103]
وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ
So establish regular Prayer and give regular Charity; and obey the Messenger; that ye may receive mercy. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran [Qur'an 24:56]
One of the main causes of Zakah is to keep those who are wealthy clean, monetarily, from sin and excess. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran It is a form of Sadaqah (charity) which is obligatory on Muslims.
Shi'a interpretation of Zakat
According to the Shi'ite interpretation, also based on the Qur'an and reported speeches of the prophet Muhammad and his Household, there are two major forms of almsgiving: Khoms ("the fifth"), and Zakat. The Shi'ite consider both types to be a personal obligation, meaning that every Muslim has the full responsibility of purifying his own money, but the governor should have no force upon any individual to give up Zakat or Khoms. Khoms ("the fifth") is taken from war loots, metals, treasures, divings (pearls and so), and the money that is a mix between halal (pure) and haram (taboo). In modern days, the most common type of khoms that is extracted is of the last type mentioned before. Khoms for money is done by taking the fifth of the increment or the increase in the income stored after one lunar year, and this is done after paying debts or bills (if any).
An example calculation of the Khoms tithe: A man starts with $5000 in his bank account; on the same day after one lunar year passes, he has $5600 in his bank account (having already paid his bills and debts), and so must take the fifth of his $600 earnings, that is $120. What remains after the fifth (that is $5600-$120=$5480) is recorded; if after one lunar year the man has more than $5480, then he finds the new difference and extracts a fifth from it as before. If instead he has less than $5480, then he has no earnings on which to pay Khoms. The Khoms is paid specifically for: [Qur'an 8:41]
- Allah
- the Messenger of Allah
- the near relative of the Messenger (Ahl ul-Bayt)
- the orphans
- needy
- stranded traveler
Zakat on the other hand, according to the Shiitee teachings, is assigned to specific goods. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran There are nine types of goods from which Zakat is paid out: gold, silver, camels, cows, sheep, wheat, barley, dates, and raisins. Each type has its own "nisab," or a limit under which Zakat need not be paid. Zakat is paid to the people mentioned in the overview of this article, although never to a Hashimite. Hashemite is the Latinate version of the Arabic: هاشمي ( Transliteration: Hāšimī and traditionally refers to those belonging to the Banu Hashim Charity money or Sadaqah is never to be paid to a Hashimite since it is a taboo for a Hashimite to take such money, if it is not Khoms or a gift. In Christian Theology charity, or love ( Agapē) means an unlimited loving-kindness toward all others Notice in that in both concepts, they are obligatory on the individual but should not be forced by the governor.
In modern days, Shi'ite muslims are concerned with Khoms more than Zakat mainly because few of them are farmers and own the goods by which Zakat is paid out. On the other hand, Khoms is given by many people starting from the middle class and above that, and especially by employees.
Beneficiaries
In the Qur'an, God Revealed the beneficiaries of zakat:
إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاء وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ اللّهِ وَاللّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيم
"Alms are only for the poor and the needy, and the officials (appointed) over them, and those whose hearts are made to incline (to truth) and the (ransoming of) captives and those in debts and in the way of Allah and the wayfarer; an ordinance from Allah; and Allah is knowing, Wise. " [Qur'an 9:60]
Bibliography
- Contemporary Zakat, by Mahmoud Abu-Saud, Zakat and Research Foundation, Ohio, 1988
- Zakat - Raising a Fallen Pillar, by Abdalhaqq Bewley & Amal Abdalhakim-Douglas, Black Stone Press, 2001 http://www.black-stone.net/books
References
See also
- Islamic economics
- Islamic banking
- Kharaj
- Economy of the OIC
- List of Islamic terms in Arabic
- List of ethics articles
- Tithe in Judeo-Christianity
- Tzedakah, a similar concept found in Judaism. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran Mahmoud Abu-Saud; (1911&ndash April 24 1993) was an economist author religious scholar and activist This is a sub-article of Fiqh and Law and economics. Islamic economics is Economics in accordance with Islamic law Islamic banking refers to a system of banking or banking activity that is consistent with Islamic law ( Sharia) principles and guided by Islamic economics In Islamic law, kharaj is a Tax on agricultural land Kharaj has no basis in the Qur'an or Hadith, being rather the product The economy of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC combines the economies of 57 member states The following list consists of Concepts that are derived from both Islamic and Arab tradition which are expressed as words in the Arabic language. This list of Ethics topics puts articles relevant to well-known ethical (right and wrong good and bad debates and decisions in one place - including practical problems long A tithe (from Old English teogoþa "tenth" is a one-tenth part of something paid as a (usually voluntary contribution or as a Tax or levy Tzedakah ( צדקה) is a Hebrew word commonly translated as charity, though it is based on a root meaning Justice Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut
External links
- Islam Quran Sunnah - The Right Path
- Dompet Dhuafa, Most Credible Zakat Institution in Indonesia
- Rumah Zakat Indonesia, More than just another State-Formed Zakat Management Body but also A Non-Government Organization that focus on Humanity Issues
- Zakat Excel sheet calculator
- The Zakat Foundation of America's complete Zakat information page
- The Lembaga Zakat Selangor (MAIS) - Most Credible Zakat Institution in Malaysia