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Zürich
Country Switzerland Coat of Arms of Zürich
Canton Zürich
District Zürich
47°22′N, 8°33′E
Population 376,815  (December 2007)
  - Density 4,101 /km² (10,622 /sq. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the states of the Federal state of Switzerland. The Canton of Zürich (German Kanton) has a population of about 1 In contrast to centrally organised States in the federally constituted Switzerland each Canton iscompletely free to decide its own In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology December 2007 is the twelfth month of that year It began on a Saturday and 31 days later ended on a Monday Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume mi. )
Area 91.88 km² (35.5 sq mi)
Elevation 408 m (1,339 ft)
  - Highest 871 m - Uetliberg
  - Lowest 392 m - Limmat
Postal code 8000-8099
SFOS number 0261
Mayor (list) Elmar Ledergerber (as of 2008) SPS/PSS
Surrounded by
(view map)		 Adliswil, Dübendorf, Fällanden, Kilchberg, Maur, Oberengstringen, Opfikon, Regensdorf, Rümlang, Schlieren, Stallikon, Uitikon, Urdorf, Wallisellen, Zollikon
Twin towns Kunming (PRC), San Francisco (United States)
Website www.stadt-zuerich.ch
Zürich [zoom] (Switzerland)
Zürich [zoom]
Zürich [zoom]
View of the inner city with the four main churches visible, and the Albis in the backdrop
View of the inner city with the four main churches visible, and the Albis in the backdrop

Zürich (German: Zürich (help·info) [ˈtsyːʁɪç], Zürich German: Züri [ˈtsyɾi], French: Zurich [zyʁik], Italian: Zurigo [dzu'ɾiːgo]; in English generally Zurich [zjuːɹɪk]) is the largest city in Switzerland (population: 376,815 at the end of 2007; population of urban area is 1,007,972) and capital of the canton of Zürich. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. To help compare sizes of different geographic regions we list here Areas between 10 km² (1000 Hectares and 100 km² (10000 hectares The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International The Limmat is a river in Switzerland. It is the continuation of the Linth river known as Limmat from the point of effluence from Lake Zürich, in the This page is a summary of the Postal codes of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. The Official Municipality Key, formerly also known as the Official Municipality Characteristic Number or Municipality Code Number is a number sequence for the identification of politically This is a list of mayors of Zürich, Switzerland. The Mayor ( Stadtpräsident, until 1869 Bürgermeister) of Zürich presides the city The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (also rendered as Socialist Party of Switzerland Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz (SP Parti socialiste suisse (PS Partito Socialista The following is a list of the municipalities in Switzerland, listed alphabetically (from Aadorf to Zwischbergen) Adliswil is a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland Dübendorf is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Fällanden is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Kilchberg is a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Maur is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Oberengstringen is a municipality in the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Opfikon (ˈʔɔpfɪkxoːn in the local Dialect:) is the name of a municipality in the Swiss canton of Zurich, located in the Regensdorf is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf of the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. Rümlang is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Schlieren ( Zürich German Schlierä) is a municipality in the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in Stallikon is a municipality in the district of Affoltern in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Uitikon is a municipality in the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Urdorf is a municipality in the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Wallisellen is a municipality in the district of Bülach in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Zollikon is a municipality in the district of Meilen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. This list includes twin towns/sister cites ( Partnergemeinden, Partnerstädte, villes ou communes jumelles) of towns in Switzerland Kunming ( kʊn'mɪŋ UN/LOCODE: CNKMG is a Prefecture-level city and capital of Yunnan province in Southwestern China. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Zürich German, or Züritüütsch is the Dialect of High Alemannic German spoken in the Canton of Zürich, Switzerland. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The Canton of Zürich (German Kanton) has a population of about 1 The city is Switzerland's main commercial and cultural centre (the political capital of Switzerland being Bern), and is widely considered to be one of the world's global cities. The city of Berne or Bern (, Berne, Berna, Romansh: Berna, Bernese German: Bärn) is the Bundesstadt ( Federal According to several surveys from 2006 to 2008, Zürich was named the city with the "best quality of life" in the world. [1][2]

Contents

Name

The earliest known form of the city's name is Turicum, attested on a tombstone of the late 2nd century CE in the form STA(tio) TURICEN(sis) ("Turicum tax post"). Turicum was a Swiss Automobile manufactured between 1904 and 1906 in Zürich, 1907 till 1912 in Uster. A headstone, tombstone or gravestone is a marker normally carved from stone, placed over or next to the site of a Burial The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Neither the name's linguistic origin (most likely Rhaetic or Celtic) nor its meaning can be determined with certainty. For the modern Romance languages spoken in Switzerland and North-Eastern Italy see Rhaeto-Romance languages. The Celtic languages are descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic" a branch of the greater Indo-European Language family. A possibility is derivation from *Turīcon, from the Gaulish personal name Tūros. Gaulish or Gallic is the name given to the Celtic language that was spoken in Gaul before the Vulgar Latin of the late Roman Empire became A personal name is the Proper name identifying an individual Person. [3]

A first development towards its later, Germanic form is attested as early as the 6th century CE with the form Ziurichi. The Germanic languages are a group of related languages that constitute a branch of the Indo-European (IE Language family. The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. From the 10th century onward, the name has more or less clearly been established as Zürich (Zurih (857), Zurich (924)). [4] Note that in the modern Zürich dialect, the name has lost its final ch [x]. Zürich German, or Züritüütsch is the Dialect of High Alemannic German spoken in the Canton of Zürich, Switzerland. This is hypocoristic rather than the result of a regular sound change, and the adjective remains Zürcher ['tsyr. A hypocoristic, hypocorism, or hypochorisma (from Greek el ὑποκορίζεσθαι el-Latn hypokorizesthai, "to use child-talk" xer] also in dialect.

History

Main article: History of Zürich
General view showing Grossmünster church.
General view showing Grossmünster church. Zürich was continuously inhabited since Roman times Political power lay with the Grossmünster and Fraumünster abbeys during Medieval times

In Roman times, Turicum was a tax-collecting point at the border of Gallia Belgica (from AD 90 Germania superior) and Raetia for goods trafficked on the Limmat river. For Gaul before the Roman conquest see Gaul. Roman Gaul consisted of an area of provincial rule in the Roman Empire, in modern day Gallia Belgica was a Roman province located in what is now the southern part of the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northeastern Germania Superior ("Upper Germania " so called for the reason that it lay upstream of Germania Inferior, was a province of the Raetia (so always in inscriptions classical manuscripts usually use the form Rhaetia) was a province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country The Limmat is a river in Switzerland. It is the continuation of the Linth river known as Limmat from the point of effluence from Lake Zürich, in the

A Carolingian castle, built on the site of the Roman castle by the grandson of Charlemagne, Louis the German, is mentioned in 835 ("in castro Turicino iuxta fluvium Lindemaci"). The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolings, or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family with its origins in the Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his Louis (also Ludwig or Lewis) the German (also known as Louis II or Louis the Bavarian) (806 &ndash August 28, 876 Louis also founded the Fraumünster abbey in 853 for his daughter Hildegard. The Fraumünster abbey of Zürich was founded in 853 by Louis the German for his daughter Hildegard He endowed the Benedictine convent with the lands of Zürich, Uri, and the Albis forest, and granted the convent immunity, placing it under his direct authority. Benedictine refers to the Spirituality and Consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in Uri (German) is one of the 26 Cantons of Switzerland. It is located in Central Switzerland. The Albis is a chain of hills in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, stretching for some 19 km from Sihlbrugg in the south to Waldegg near

In 1045, King Henry III granted the convent the right to hold markets, collect tolls, and mint coins, and thus effectively made the abbess the ruler of the city. Henry III ( 29 October 1017 &ndash 5 October 1056) called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty

The Murerplan of 1576
The Murerplan of 1576

Zürich became reichsunmittelbar in 1218 with the extinction of the main line of the Zähringer family. The Murerplan is a Map of Zürich, printed in 1576 by Jos Murer (1530-1580 Imperial immediacy (Reichsfreiheit or Reichsunmittelbarkeit) was a privileged feudal and political status a form of statehood which a City, religious Zähringen is the name of an old and influential German noble family taken from the castle and village of that name A city wall was built during the 1230s, enclosing 38 hectares.

Emperor Frederick II promoted the abbess of the Fraumünster to the rank of a duchess in 1234. Frederick II ( December 26, 1194 &ndash December 13, 1250) of the Hohenstaufen dynasty was a Pretender to the title The abbess assigned the mayor, and she frequently delegated the minting of coins to citizens of the city. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government However, the political power of the convent slowly waned in the 14th century, beginning with the establishment of the Zunftordnung (guild laws) in 1336 by Rudolf Brun, who also became the first independent mayor, i. There are fourteen historical Zünfte ( Guilds singular Zunft) of Zürich, established in 1336 with the "guild revolution" Rudolf Brun (1290s - 17 September, 1360) was the leader of the Zürich guilds ' revolution of 1336 and the city's first independent mayor e. not assigned by the abbess.

The famous illuminated manuscript known as The Manesse Codex, now in Heidelberg - described as "the most beautifully illumined German manuscript in centuries;"[5] - was commissioned by the Manesse family of Zürich, copied and illustrated in the city at some time between 1304 and 1340. An illuminated manuscript is a Manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration such as decorated Initials borders and The Codex Manesse, Manesse Codex, or Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift is an Illuminated manuscript in Codex Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area Producing such a work was a highly expensive prestige project, requiring several years work by highly skilled scribes [6] and miniature painters, and it clearly testifies to the increasing wealth and pride of Zürich citizens in this period.

Zürich joined the Swiss confederation (which at that time was a loose confederation of de facto independent states) as the fifth member in 1351 but was expelled in 1440 due to a war with the other member states over the territory of Toggenburg (the Old Zürich War). Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the states of the Federal state of Switzerland. Toggenburg is the name given to the upper valley of the river Thur, in the Swiss Canton of St The Old Zürich War (Alte Zürichrieg 1440 – 46, was a conflict between the canton of Zürich and the other seven cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy Zürich was defeated in 1446, and re-admitted to the confederation in 1450.

Zwingli started the Swiss Reformation at the time when he was the main preacher in Zürich. Huldrych (or Ulrich) Zwingli (1 January 1484 &ndash 11 October 1531 was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland. The Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate (Mark Reust and population of He lived there from 1484 until his death in 1531.

In 1839 , the city had to yield to the demands of its urban subjects, following the Züriputsch of 6 September. The Züriputsch of 6 September 1839 was a Putsch of the rural conservative population against the liberal Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Most of the ramparts built in the 17th century were torn down, without ever having been besieged, to allay rural concerns over the city's hegemony. Hegemony (hɨˈdʒɛməni (Amer /hɨˈɡɛməni/ (Brit (ἡγεμονία hēgemonía) is a concept that has been used to describe and explain the dominance of one social The Treaty of Zurich between Austria, France, and Sardinia was signed in 1859. The Treaty of Zurich was signed by the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia (allied to the French Empire) on November 10, 1859 Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Sardinia (sɑrˈdɪnɪə Sardegna Sardigna or Sardinnya is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily) [7]

From 1847 , the Spanisch-Brötli-Bahn, the first railway on Swiss territory, connected Zürich with Baden, putting the Zürich Main Station at the origin of the Swiss rail network. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. Baden is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau, on the west bank of the river Limmat, 25 km northwest of Zürich The present building of the Hauptbahnhof (main railway station) dates to 1871.

Zürich was accidentally bombed during World War II. Bombings of Switzerland in World War II consisted of initially sporadic bombing events that became more frequent during the later stage of World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

Coat of arms

Banner bearer of Zürich, from a 1585 painting by Humbert Mareschet
Banner bearer of Zürich, from a 1585 painting by Humbert Mareschet

The blue and white coat of arms of Zürich is attested from 1389, and was derived from banners with blue and white stripes in use since 1315 . The first certain testimony of banners with the same design is from 1434. The coat of arms is flanked by two lions. The red Schwenkel on top of the banner had varying interpretations: For the people of Zürich, it was a mark of honour, granted by Rudolph I. Rudolph I, also known as Rudolph of Habsburg ( German: Rudolf von Habsburg, Latin Rudolfus) May 1, 1218 &ndash Zürich's neighbors mocked it as a sign of shame, commemorating the loss of the banner at Winterthur in 1292. Winterthur (pronounced Ger /vɪntərtur/ Eng /tʊər/ is a city in the canton of Zurich in northern Switzerland.

Today, the Canton of Zürich uses the same coat of arms as the city.

Geography

Satellite photo of central Zürich
Satellite photo of central Zürich

The city is situated where the river Limmat issues from the north-western end of Lake Zürich, about 30 km north of the Alps. The Limmat is a river in Switzerland. It is the continuation of the Linth river known as Limmat from the point of effluence from Lake Zürich, in the Lake Zurich ( Swiss German / Alemannic: Zürisee; German: Zürichsee) is a Lake in Switzerland, extending The Swiss Alps (Schweizer Alpen Alpes suisses Alpi svizzere Alps svizras are the central portion of the Alps Mountain range that lies within Zürich is surrounded by wooded hills including (from the north) the Gubrist, the Hönggerberg, the Käferberg, the Zürichberg, the Adlisberg and the Oettlisberg on the eastern shore; and the Uetliberg (part of the Albis range) on the western shore. The Zürichberg is a wooded hill rising to 679 metres (2228 feet overlooking Lake Zürich and located immediately to the east of the City of Zurich in Switzerland The Albis is a chain of hills in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, stretching for some 19 km from Sihlbrugg in the south to Waldegg near The river Sihl meets with the Limmat at the end of Platzspitz, which borders the Swiss National Museum (Landesmuseum). SIHL can represent Shanghai Industrial Holdings, a listed company in Hong Kong The Sihl is a river of Switzerland. The Swiss National Museum or Landesmuseum (German – part of the Musée Suisse Group, itself affiliated with the Federal Office of Culture The geographic (and historic) center of the city is the Lindenhof a small natural hill on the left bank of the river Limmat, about 700 meters north of where the river issues from Lake Zürich. The Lindenhof of Zürich is the historical site of the Roman castle and the later Carolingian Kaiserpfalz. The Limmat is a river in Switzerland. It is the continuation of the Linth river known as Limmat from the point of effluence from Lake Zürich, in the Lake Zurich ( Swiss German / Alemannic: Zürisee; German: Zürichsee) is a Lake in Switzerland, extending Today the incorporated city stretches somewhat beyond its natural hydrographic confines given by its hills and includes some neighborhoods to the northeast in the Glattal (valley of the river Glatt).

Climate

Weather averages for Zürich, Switzerland
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 2 (36) 5 (41) 9 (48) 13 (55) 18 (64) 21 (70) 24 (75) 23 (73) 20 (68) 14 (57) 7 (47) 3 (37) 13 (55)
Average low °C (°F) -4 (25) -3 (27) -1 (30) 3 (37) 6 (43) 10 (50) 12 (54) 11 (52) 9 (48) 5 (41) 0 (32) -3 (27) 4 (39)
Precipitation mm (inches) 68. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 6 (2. 7) 71. 1 (2. 8) 71. 1 (2. 8) 88. 9 (3. 5) 104. 1 (4. 1) 124. 5 (4. 9) 119. 4 (4. 7) 134. 6 (5. 3) 94. 0 (3. 7) 68. 6 (2. 7) 81. 3 (3. 2) 76. 2 (3. 0) 1,102. 4 (42. 4)
Source: Weatherchannel[8] Nov 2007

City districts

Aerial photo of central and western Zürich
Aerial photo of central and western Zürich
The location of District 1 within the city of Zürich.
The location of District 1 within the city of Zürich.

The previous boundaries of the city of Zürich (before 1893) were more or less synonymous with the location of the old town. Two large expansions of the city limits occurred in 1893 and in 1934 when the city of Zürich merged with many surrounding municipalities, that had been growing increasingly together since the 19th century. Today, the city is divided into twelve districts (known as Kreis in German), numbered 1 to 12, each one of which may contain anywhere between 1 and 4 neighborhoods:

Most of the district boundaries are fairly similar to the original boundaries of the previously existing municipalities before they were incorporated into the city of Zürich.

The view of Zürich from the Uetliberg.
The view of Zürich from the Uetliberg.

Transport

Trams in Zürich
Trams in Zürich

Zürich is a hub for rail, road, and air traffic. It has several railway stations, including Zürich Main Station, Oerlikon, Stadelhofen, Hardbrücke, Tiefenbrunnen, Enge, Wiedikon and Altstetten. Oerlikon is a quarter in the northern part of Zürich, Switzerland. Zürich Stadelhofen is a part of the city of Zürich and also an important railway station Zürich Hardbrücke is a train station on the Zürich S-Bahn system in the central part of the Swiss city of Zürich. Zürich Tiefenbrunnen is a train station on the Zürich S-Bahn system in the south-eastern part of the Swiss city of Zürich. Zürich Enge is a train station on the Zürich S-Bahn system in the south-western part of the Swiss city of Zürich. Zürich Wiedikon is a train station on the Zürich S-Bahn system in the western part of the Swiss city of Zürich. Zürich Altstetten is a train station on the Zürich S-Bahn system in the western part of the Swiss city of Zürich. The Cisalpino, InterCityExpress, and even the French TGV high-speed trains stop in Zürich. Cisalpino AG is a Railway company operating international trains between Switzerland and Italy connecting Basel, Schaffhausen The InterCityExpress or ICE (German pronunciation) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany and neighbouring countries This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The TGV ( t rain à g rande v itesse, French for "high-speed train" is France 's High-speed rail service

The A1, A3 and A4 motorways pass close to Zürich. The A1 heads west towards Bern and Geneva and eastwards towards St. Gallen; the A4 leads northwards to Schaffhausen; and the A3 heads northwest towards Basel and southeast along Lake Zurich and Lake Walen towards Sargans. The city of Berne or Bern (, Berne, Berna, Romansh: Berna, Bernese German: Bärn) is the Bundesstadt ( Federal Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking St Gallen ( Saint-Gall San Gallo is the capital of the canton of St Schaffhausen ( German:) is a city in northern Switzerland and the capital of the canton "Basilia" redirects here For the Fly Genus, see Basilia (fly. Sargans is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency of Sarganserland in the canton of St

Zürich International Airport in Kloten is located less than 10 kilometres northeast of the city. Zürich Airport also called Kloten Airport, is located in Kloten, Canton of Zürich, Switzerland and managed by Unique Airport Kloten is a municipality in the district of Bülach in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. There is also an airfield in Dübendorf, although it only used for military aviation. Dübendorf is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.

Within Zürich and throughout the canton of Zürich, the ZVV network of public transport has traffic density ratings among the highest worldwide. The ZVV ( German abbreviation for Zürcher Verkehrsverbund, translated into English as Zürich Transport Network or Zürich Traffic Network If you add frequency, which in Zürich can be as often as 7 minutes, it does become the densest across all dimensions. Three means of mass-transit exist: the S-Bahn (local trains), trams, and buses (both diesel and electric, also called trolley buses). Trams make an important contribution to public transport in the city of Zürich in Switzerland.

In addition the public transport network includes boats on the lake and river, funicular railways and even a cable car between Adliswil and Felsenegg. Tickets purchased for a trip are valid on all means of public transportation (train, tram, bus, boat).

Demographics

There are officially 376,815 people (since Dec. 31st 2007) living in Switzerland's largest city. 30. 6% of the registered inhabitants of Zürich do not hold Swiss citizenship, which is 115,379 people. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation [9] German citizens make up the largest group of foreigners in the city with 22. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. 0%, followed by immigrants from Kosovo, Albania, Italy. This article is about the country in southern Europe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Albania topics. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The population of the city proper including suburbs 1. 08 million people. [10] However, the entire metropolitan area (including the cities of Winterthur, Baden, Brugg, Schaffhausen, Frauenfeld, Uster/Wetzikon, Rapperswil-Jona and Zug) has a population of around 1. Winterthur (pronounced Ger /vɪntərtur/ Eng /tʊər/ is a city in the canton of Zurich in northern Switzerland. Baden is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau, on the west bank of the river Limmat, 25 km northwest of Zürich Brugg is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau and is the seat of the district of the same name Schaffhausen ( German:) is a city in northern Switzerland and the capital of the canton Frauenfeld is the capital of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. Uster is a city and capital of the district Uster in the Swiss canton of Zürich. Wetzikon is a municipality in the district of Hinwil in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. Rapperswil-Jona is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency of See-Gaster in the canton of St Zug (German) is the capital of the Canton of Zug in Switzerland. 68 million people. [11]

Languages

The official language used by the government and in most publications is German, while the most commonly spoken dialect in Zürich is Zürichdeutsch (Zürich German), which is a local dialect of Swiss German. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Zürich German, or Züritüütsch is the Dialect of High Alemannic German spoken in the Canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Swiss German ( Schweizerdeutsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken As of 2000, German is the mother-tongue of 77. 7% of the population. Albanian (5. Albanian (sq ''Gjuha shqipe'' ˈɟuha ˈʃcipɛ is an Indo-European language spoken by nearly 6 million peoplewhile others claim that it derives from Daco - 8%) follows behind, and Italian is the third-most common native language at 4. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. 7% of the population. Other native languages spoken by more than 1% of the population include South Slavic languages (2. South Slavic languages comprise one of the three geographical groups of Slavic languages (besides West and East Slavic) 2%) — this includes Serbian, Croatian, Macedonian, and Slovenian), Spanish (2. Serbian (sr-Cyrl српски језик sr-Latn ''srpski jezik'' is a South Slavic language, Croatian language ( hrvatski jezik) is a South Slavic language which is used primarily in Croatia, by Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina in neighbouring Macedonian () is the official Language of the Republic of Macedonia and is a part of the Eastern group of South Slavic languages. Slovene or Slovenian ( slovenski jezik or slovenščina, not to be confused with Slovenčina) is a South Slavic language 2%), French (2. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people 1%), English (1. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States 8%), Portuguese (1. Portuguese ( or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia (Spain and northern Portugal. 6%). [12]

Religion

Since the reformation led by Huldrych Zwingli, Zürich has remained the center and stronghold of Protestantism in Switzerland. Huldrych (or Ulrich) Zwingli (1 January 1484 &ndash 11 October 1531 was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation In the course of the 20th century, this has changed slightly as Catholics now make up the largest religious group in the city, with 33. As a Christian Ecclesiastical term Catholic —from the Greek adjective, meaning "general" or "universal"—is described 3%. [13] More and more inhabitants of the city declare themselves as being without religion (this was 16. 8% of the population in 2000).

Social

The level of unemployment in Zürich is 2. 6%[14] (August 2007). About 4% of the city population (15,500 people) live either directly or indirectly on welfare from the state (April 2005). [15]

Sights

View over Zürich from the Waid
View over Zürich from the Waid
View over Zürich from the Üetliberg
View over Zürich from the Üetliberg
Clock on St. Peter Church
Clock on St. Peter Church

During 2004 the Fraumünster was fully renovated. During this period the installed scaffolding went above the tip of the tower allowing a unique and exceptional 360° panoramic view of Zürich.

Churches

Along the river with several churches in the background
Along the river with several churches in the background

Museums

Other sights

Business, industry and commerce

the approximate extent of Greater Zürich Area is marked in green.
the approximate extent of Greater Zürich Area is marked in green. Lake Zurich ( Swiss German / Alemannic: Zürisee; German: Zürichsee) is a Lake in Switzerland, extending Rapperswil-Jona is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency of See-Gaster in the canton of St Obersee ("Upper Lake" may refer to Obersee (Arosa, the upper lake in Arosa, Grisons Switzerland Obersee (Berchtesgaden Also known as Friedhof Fluntern, Fluntern Cemetery is located in the Zürichberg district of Zürich. Cabaret Voltaire was the name of a Nightclub in Zürich, Switzerland. For other meanings see Dada (disambiguation DaDa is a Concept album by Alice Cooper, released

UBS, Credit Suisse, Swiss Re, Zurich Financial Services, and many other financial institutions have their headquarters in Zürich, the commercial center of Switzerland. UBS AG ( SWX: UBSN) is a diversified global financial services company with its main headquarters in Basel & Zürich, Switzerland The Credit Suisse Group () is a Financial services company headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. For the Swiss Re Tower London see 30 St Mary Axe Swiss Re ( is the world’s largest reinsurer, now that it has acquired GE Insurance Zurich Financial Services Group is a major Financial services group based in Zürich, Switzerland. Zürich is one of the world biggest centre for offshore banking. The financial sector accounts for about one quarter of the city's economic activities. The Swiss Stock Exchange is located in Zürich (see also Swiss banking). SWX Swiss Exchange is Switzerland 's Stock exchange, based in Zürich. Banking in Switzerland is characterized by stability privacy and protection of clients' assets and information

Zürich is a leading financial centre and has repeatedly been proclaimed the global city with the best quality of life anywhere in the world. [16] The Greater Zurich Area is Switzerland’s economic center and home to a vast number of international companies. The GDP of the Zürich Area is CHF 210 billion (USD 160 billion) or CHF 58'000 (USD 45'000) per capita (2005).

Contributory factors to economic strength

The success of the Greater Zürich Economic Area as one of the most important in the world is due to many factors: The very low tax rate and the possibility for foreign companies and private persons to optimize their tax burden by personalized tax agreement with the Tax Authorities is surely one of the key points. In a Tax system and in Economics, the tax rate describes the burden Ratio (usually expressed as a Percentage) at which a business or person is This practice often causes conflicts with Switzerland's neighbours in Europe, who do not like this type of successful and aggressive strategy for attracting large corporations and service/research centers, such as IBM, General Motors Europe, Toyota Europe, UBS, Credit Suisse, Google, Microsoft,ABB Ltd., and Degussa. International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology General Motors Europe (often abbreviated to GM Europe) is responsible for the operation of General Motors Corporation businesses in Europe. The Credit Suisse Group () is a Financial services company headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. Google Inc is an American public corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search, e-mail, online Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer } ABB, formerly Asea Brown Boveri, is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland, operating mainly in the power The fact that Switzerland does not have an inheritance tax is also an important attraction for wealthy private persons.

Another reason for the economic success of Zürich is the extensive research and educational (R&D) field of the city. The ETH Zurich is ranked alongside the University of Zurich: there are more than 58,000 students. The University of Zurich ( German: Universität Zürich) located in the city of Zurich, is the largest University in Switzerland The reservoir for qualified employees is therefore impressive.

A new multi-purpose area in southern Zürich (Sihlcity) ([19]) has opened its doors on March 22,2007, spread over 100,000 square metres in the center of Zürich. Among other things it includes a shopping center and a movie theater. Sihlcity was built on the foundations of the former Sihl Paper Factory.

Other data: Switzerland scored in the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2005 within the Top 10 in the following categories:

Most of the Swiss R&D institutions are concentrated in the Zürich area.

The high quality of life has been cited as a likely reason for the presence of international economic growth in Zürich. Mercer has ranked Zürich as the city with the highest quality of life anywhere in the world[16] for the fourth consecutive time. Mercer is a Human resource consulting firm headquartered in New York City New York that is recognized as one of the leading business institutions in the world Berne and Geneva were also ranked among the Top 10. The city of Berne or Bern (, Berne, Berna, Romansh: Berna, Bernese German: Bärn) is the Bundesstadt ( Federal Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Statistics show that in the productive sector of the city 60% speak German, 43% English, 30% French and 13% Italian. As such, the city is home to a considerable number of people speaking at least two or three languages.

The Swiss stock exchange

Swiss stock Exchange in Zürich.
Swiss stock Exchange in Zürich. SWX Swiss Exchange is Switzerland 's Stock exchange, based in Zürich.

The Swiss stock exchange is called SWX Swiss Exchange. SWX Swiss Exchange is Switzerland 's Stock exchange, based in Zürich. The SWX is the head group of several different worldwide operative financial systems: virt-x, Eurex, Eurex US, EXFEED and STOXX. SWX Swiss Exchange is Switzerland 's Stock exchange, based in Zürich. Eurex is a major futures and options exchange for European Benchmark Derivatives featuring open and low-cost electronic access globally The exchange turnover generated at the SWX was in 2007 of 1,780,499. 5 million CHF; the number of transactions arrived in the same period at 35,339,296 and the Swiss Performance Index (SPI) arrived at a total market capitalization of 1,359,976. The franc ( German: Franken, French and Romansh: franc, Italian: franco; code: CHF The Swiss Performance Index SPI® is Switzerland's most closely followed performance index 2 million CHF. [17][18]

The SWX Swiss Exchange goes back more than 150 years. SWX Swiss Exchange is Switzerland 's Stock exchange, based in Zürich. In 1996, fully electronic trading replaced the traditional floor trading system at the stock exchanges of Geneva (founded in 1850), Zürich (1873) and Basel (1876). A stock exchange, share market or bourse is a Corporation or Mutual organization which provides "trading" facilities for Stock Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking "Basilia" redirects here For the Fly Genus, see Basilia (fly.

Government

The legislative power is in hands of the city parliament that is called "Gemeinderat". It consist of 125 members elected by the people of Zurich. [19]

The executive power is being executed by the city council named "Stadtrat". Similar to the city parliament the councillors are also elected by the people of Zurich. Each councillor is responsible for a specific department. One member of the council is also acting as city president which best could be described as the mayor. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Current city president is Elmar Ledergerber. This is a list of mayors of Zürich, Switzerland. The Mayor ( Stadtpräsident, until 1869 Bürgermeister) of Zürich presides the city

Education and research

Zürich is home to many universities, colleges and gymnasiums. Two of Switzerland's most distinguished universities are located in the city. The technical university ETH Zürich which is controlled by the state and the University of Zürich that is under direction of the canton of Zurich. The University of Zurich ( German: Universität Zürich) located in the city of Zurich, is the largest University in Switzerland Both universities are well-known and have an international reputation. They were listed in the top 200 world universities rated in 2007. [20]

Media

Many large Swiss media conglomerates are headquartered in Zürich, such as tamedia, Ringier and the NZZ-Verlag. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Tamedia AG is a media company in Switzerland. Its most important publications is the Tages-Anzeiger, a daily newspaper based in Zurich Ringier AG is the largest media corporation in Switzerland founded in Zofingen and based in Zürich. The Neue Zürcher Zeitung ( NZZ) is a major German language Swiss daily newspaper based in Zürich. Because of this, Zürich is one of the most important media locations in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation This status has been recently reinforced by the increase in availability of online publications published in Zürich.

Television

The headquarters of Switzerland's national German-language television network (SF) are located in the Leutschenbach neighborhood, to the north of the Oerlikon train station. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Regional television network TeleZüri (Zürich Television) has its headquarters near Escher-Wyss Platz. TeleZüri is a local Television channel for the city and Agglomeration of Zürich, Switzerland. The production facilities for private networks Star TV, u1 TV and 3+ are located in Schlieren. Schlieren ( Zürich German Schlierä) is a municipality in the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in

Radio

One section of the Swiss German-language public radio station DRS is located in Zürich. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation There are other local radio stations broadcasting from Zürich, such as Radio 24 on the Limmatstrasse, Energy Zürich in Seefeld, Radio LoRa and Radio 1 (on the frequency of former Radio Tropic). There are other radio stations that operate only during certain parts of the year, such as CSD Radio (May/June), Radio Streetparade (July/August) and rundfunk. History The first Street Parade (the English name is used in German) took place on September 5 1992 initiated by student Marek Krynski and officially called fm (August/September).

Daily newspapers

There are three large daily newspapers published in Zürich that are known across Switzerland. The Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ), the Tages-Anzeiger and the Blick, the largest Swiss tabloid. The Neue Zürcher Zeitung ( NZZ) is a major German language Swiss daily newspaper based in Zürich. Tages-Anzeiger, also abbreviated Tagi or TA, is a German language Swiss national daily newspaper based in Blick is a Swiss daily Newspaper with a circulation of 275000 (in 2004) and a readership of 750000 ( Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation A tabloid is a Newspaper industry term which refers to a smaller newspaper format per spread to a weekly or semi-weekly alternative newspaper that focuses on local-interest All three of those newspapers publish Sunday editions. These are the "NZZ am Sonntag", "SonntagsZeitung" and "SonntagsBlick". Besides the three main daily newspapers, there are free daily commuter newspapers which are widely distributed: 20 Minuten (20 minutes), published weekdays in the mornings, .ch (weekday morning), News (weekday morning) and http://www. Free daily newspapers trace their history back to the 1940s when Walnut Creek California publisher Dean Lesher began what is widely believed to be the first 20 Minuten ( English 20 Minutes) is a German language free daily Newspaper in Switzerland, distributed NEWS (NEWS is a free ad-financed daily German language Tabloid format Newspaper in Switzerland, launched on 5 December 2007 blick. ch/blickamabend, weekdays but in the late afternoon, and Cashdaily[20], a finance-related weekday free newspaper published in the mornings, but only available at certain branded[21] newspaper sales kiosks. In the Mediterranean Basin and the Near East, a kiosk ( Persian کوشک Kushk Arabic كشك Koshk Turkish Köşk

Magazines

There are a number of magazines from major publishers that are based in Zürich. Some examples are: Bilanz, Die Weltwoche, and Annabelle. Die Weltwoche ("The World Week" is a Swiss weekly Magazine based in Zürich.

Culture

Events

Art movements born in Zürich

Opera, ballet and theaters

Nightlife and clubbing

Zürich's old town at night
Zürich's old town at night

Zürich offers a lot of variety when it comes for night-time leisure. It is the host city of the world-famous Street Parade, which takes place in August every year. History The first Street Parade (the English name is used in German) took place on September 5 1992 initiated by student Marek Krynski and officially called

The most famous districts for Nightlife are the Niederdorf in the old town with bars, restaurants, lounges, hotels, clubs, etc. The Niederdorf district refers to an area in Zürich 's old town across and along the river from the train station It is known as being a main and a lot of fashion shops for a young and stylish public and the Langstrasse in the districts 4 and 5 of the city. Langstrasse (literally "long street" is a street and quarter in district 4 in Zürich. There are authentic amusements: Brazilian bars, punk clubs, HipHop stages, Caribic restaurants, arthouse-cinemas, Turkish kebabs and Italian espresso-bars, but also sex shops or the famous red light district of Zürich.

In the past ten years new parts of the city have risen into the spotlight. Notably, the area known as Zürich West in district 5, near the Escher-Wyss square and the S-Bahn Station of Hardbrücke. This area has become the new up-and-coming part of Zürich with its avant-garde cinemas, music clubs, lounges, restaurants, cafés and bars.

Sports

Football is an essential aspect of Sports in Zurich. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) resides in town. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (French for International Federation of Association Football) The city is also home to two major Swiss football clubs listed in Switzerland's highest league; Grasshopper-Club Zürich founded in 1886 and FC Zürich which exists since 1896. The Swiss Super League or Axpo Super League is the top tier of the Swiss Football League. Grasshopper-Club Zürich commonly referred to as simply GC, GCZ, or Grasshopper is a Swiss Multisports club based in Zürich FC Zürich or FCZ (short for Fussballclub Zürich) is a football club from Zürich, Switzerland, founded 1896.

Another popular sport in Switzerland, ice hockey, is represented by the ZSC Lions. History Locally nicknamed "Z" the team was formed in 1997 as a result of the merger of the two local teams Zürcher Schlittschuh Club ( German The club won this seasons Swiss ice hockey championship. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) officiating as head organisation for ice hockey leagues worldwide is based in Zurich as well. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF was founded in 1908 as the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace and is the worldwide governing body for Ice

Major sport events running in Zurich are Weltklasse Zürich, an annual athletic meeting, and the Zurich Open, part of the WTA tour. Weltklasse Zürich (World Class Zurich is an annual athletics meeting at the Letzigrund in Zürich, Switzerland The Zurich Open is a WTA Tour affiliated professional Tennis Tournament for women held every winter in Zurich, Switzerland.

Notable people

People who were born or died in Zürich:

Famous residents:

See also

References

  1. ^ City Mayors: Best cities in the world (Mercer)
  2. ^ Highlights from the 2007 Quality of Living Survey
  3. ^ Andres Kristol, Zürich ZH (Zürich) in: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses – Lexikon der schweizerischen Gemeindenamen – Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS|LSG), Centre de dialectologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld/Stuttgart/Wien 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 und Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3, p. Gottfried Keller ( July 19, 1819 – July 15, 1890) a Swiss writer of German literature, became arguably best-known for Conrad Ferdinand Meyer ( October 11, 1825 &ndash November 28, 1898) was a poet and as he was born in Zürich, Switzerland a fellow-townsman Johanna Spyri (johana ʃpiːʁi ( 12 June 1827 &ndash 7 July 1901) was an author of children's stories and is best known for Heidi Heidi's Years of Wandering and Learning ( German: Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre) usually abbreviated Heidi, is a novel about the events Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (later Duchess of Edinburgh and Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha; 17 October 1853 &ndash 24 Wilhelm Filchner ( September 13, 1877 - May 7, 1957) was a German explorer James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 &ndash 13 January 1941 was an Irish expatriate writer widely considered to be one of the most influential writers of the Pancho Haralanov Vladigerov (or Wladigeroff or Vladiguerov or Vladigueroff Панчо Хараланов Владигеров ( March 13, 1899, Zürich This page addresses only the Swiss physicist for the man accused of espionage see Felix Bloch (diplomatic officer Felix Bloch ( October 23 Elias Canetti ( 25 July 1905, Rousse, Bulgaria – 14 August 1994, Zurich, Switzerland) was a Max Frisch ( May 15, 1911 &ndash April 4, 1991) was a Swiss Architect, Playwright and Novelist, regarded Hugo Koblet ( March 21, 1925 – November 6, 1964) was a Swiss champion Cyclist. Bruno Ganz ( born March 22 1941) is a Swiss Actor, best-known in the English-speaking world for his portrayal of Adolf Hitler in Martin Suter (b February 29, 1948, Zürich) is a Swiss author Lucinda Martha Ruh (born July 13, 1979 in Zurich, Switzerland) is a two-time Swiss national Figure skating champion known for Heinz Peter Gunthardt (Heinz Peter Günthardt (born February 8, 1959 in Zürich) is a former Tennis player from Switzerland, who Tristan Tzara (born Samuel or Samy Rosenstock, also known as S Albert Einstein ( German: ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n; English: ˈælbɝt ˈaɪnstaɪn (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955 was a German -born theoretical Paul Thomas Mann ( June Kurt Tucholsky ( January 9, 1890 &ndash December 21, 1935) was a German- Jewish Journalist, satirist and writer James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 &ndash 13 January 1941 was an Irish expatriate writer widely considered to be one of the most influential writers of the Udo Jürgens (born 30 September 1934 as Udo Jürgen Bockelmann) is an Austrian composer and singer of popular music whose career spans over fifty years Harald Naegeli (born December 4, 1939) is a Swiss artist best known as the "Sprayer of Zurich" after the Graffiti he sprayed in the Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock; November 26, 1939) is an eight time Grammy Award -winning American Dame Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, DBE ( December 9, 1915 &ndash August 3, 2006) was a German -born Austrian British Andreas Vollenweider (born October 4 1953) is a Swiss Musician. Moritz Leuenberger (born 21 September 1946 is a Swiss Politician, Lawyer, member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1995 and President Kimi-Matias Räikkönen (ˈkimi ˈmɑtiɑs ˈræikkønen born October 17, 1979 in Espoo) is a Finnish Formula One race car driver currently Yves Netzhammer (born 1970 is a Swiss artist who lives and works in Zurich. Gordon Bell aka Gustav Bertha (born 24 July 1969) is a Scottish Singer-songwriter based in Zürich, Switzerland. This is a list of mayors of Zürich, Switzerland. The Mayor ( Stadtpräsident, until 1869 Bürgermeister) of Zürich presides the city Frauenfeld is the capital of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. Stuttgart (ˈʃtʊtgaɐ̯t is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria.  992f.
  4. ^ Zürcher Ortsnamen - Entstehung und Bedeutung], H. Kläuli, V. Schobinger, Zürcher Kantonalbank (1989), p. 109.
  5. ^ Ingeborg Glier, reviewing Koschorreck and Werner 1981 in Speculum 59. 1 (January 1984), p 169.
  6. ^ Koschorreck and Werner 1981 discern no fewer than eleven scribes, some working simultaneously, in the production.
  7. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia
  8. ^ Historical Weather for Zurich, Switzerland (English). Retrieved on 2007-11-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days
  9. ^ Statistical Office of the City of Zürich
  10. ^ Statistical Office of the City of Zürich
  11. ^ Statistical Office of the Canton of Zürich
  12. ^ Population Numbers Flyer (German)
  13. ^ Gemeinde Zürich:
  14. ^ http://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/internet/stat/home/key_figures/Arbeitslose.html
  15. ^ Population chart
  16. ^ a b Worldwide Quality of Living Survey. Retrieved on 2007-07-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians
  17. ^ [1] Market capitalization of listed securities, 2000-2007
  18. ^ [2] Key figures: annual turnover and trades, 1998-2007
  19. ^ Official site of the city parliament in German
  20. ^ Times Higher Education Supplement
  21. ^ Theaterspektakel
  22. ^ Kunst Zürich 2007 | Kunstmesse Zürich
  23. ^ www. weltklasse. ch
  24. ^ www. freestyle. ch
  25. ^ ZÜRI FÄSCHT 2010

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