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Yukon River
A view of the Yukon River near Dawson City, Yukon
A view of the Yukon River near Dawson City, Yukon
Origin Atlin and Tagish Lakes
Mouth Bering Sea
Basin countries United States, Canada
Length 3,700 km (2,300 mi)
Avg. Atlin Lake is a Lake in northwestern British Columbia and is that province's largest natural lake Tagish Lake is a Lake in the Yukon Territory and northern British Columbia, Canada. The Bering (or Imarpik) Sea is a body of water in the Pacific Ocean that comprises a deep water basin (the Aleutian Basin) which rises through A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page discharge 6,430 m³/s (227,000 ft³/s)
Basin area 832,700 km² (321,500 mi²)
Location of the Yukon River
Location of the Yukon River

The Yukon River is a major watercourse of northwestern North America. In Hydrology, the discharge or outflow of a River is the volume of Water transported by it in a certain amount of time Over half of the river lies in the U.S. state of Alaska, with most of the other portion lying in and giving its name to Canada's Yukon Territory, and a small part of the river near the source located in British Columbia. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C The river is 3,700 km (2,300 mi) long and empties into the Bering Sea at the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. The Bering (or Imarpik) Sea is a body of water in the Pacific Ocean that comprises a deep water basin (the Aleutian Basin) which rises through The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta is one of the biggest River deltas in the world roughly the size of Oregon. The average flow is 6,430 m³/s (227,000 ft³/s). [1] The total drainage area is 832,700 km² (321,500 mi²),[2] of which 323,800 km² (126,300 mi²) is in Canada. By comparison, the total area is more than 25% larger than Texas or Alberta. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905

The longest river in Alaska and the Yukon Territory, it was one of the principal means of transportation during the 1896–1903 Klondike Gold Rush. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting The Klondike Gold Rush, infrequently referred to as the Yukon Gold Rush or Alaska Gold Rush, was a frenzy of Gold rush Immigration to and for Paddle-wheel riverboats continued to ply the river until the 1950s, when the Klondike Highway was completed. A riverboat is Ship designed for Inland navigation. These vessels are usually less sturdy than ships built for the open seas with limited navigational and The Klondike Highway links the Alaskan coastal town of Skagway to Yukon 's Dawson City and its route somewhat parallels that used by

Yukon means "great river" in Gwich'in. The Gwich’in language is the Athabaskan language of the Gwich’in Indigenous people. The river was called Kwiguk, or "large stream", in Yupik. The Yupik languages are the several distinct languages of the several Yupik (Юпик peoples of western and southcentral Alaska and northeastern Siberia The Lewes River is the former name of the upper course of the Yukon, from Marsh Lake to the confluence of the Pelly River at Fort Selkirk. Marsh Lake (Mud Lake is a widening of the Yukon River southeast of Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada. The Pelly River is a river in Canada, and is a headstream of the Yukon River. Fort Selkirk is a former trading post on the Yukon River at the confluence of the Pelly River in Canada 's Yukon.

The Yukon River has been heavily polluted from gold mining, military installations, dumps, wastewater, and other sources. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability disorder harm or discomfort to the physical systems or living organisms they are in The Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council, a cooperative effort of 64 First Nations and tribes in Alaska and Canada, has the goal of making the river and its tributaries safe to drink from again. The Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council (YRITWC)is made up of 64 First Nations and Tribes in Alaska and Canada living along the full length of the heavily-polluted First Nations is a term of Ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis people

Contents

Course

Map of the Yukon River watershed
Map of the Yukon River watershed

The generally accepted source of the Yukon River is the Choda Glacier at the southern end of Atlin Lake in British Columbia. Atlin Lake is a Lake in northwestern British Columbia and is that province's largest natural lake British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Others suggest that the source is Lake Lindeman at the northern end of the Chilkoot Trail. The Chilkoot Trail is a 33 mile (53 kilometer trail through the Coast Mountains that leads from Dyea Alaska, to Bennett British Columbia. Either way, Atlin Lake flows into Tagish Lake, as eventually does Lake Lindeman after flowing into Lake Bennett. Tagish Lake is a Lake in the Yukon Territory and northern British Columbia, Canada. Tagish Lake then flows into Marsh Lake. Marsh Lake (Mud Lake is a widening of the Yukon River southeast of Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada. The Yukon River proper starts at the northern end of Marsh Lake, just south of Whitehorse. Whitehorse (ˈʍaɪthɔrs ( 2006 population 20461 CA population 22898 (formerly White Horse until 1957 - 03-21) is the Some argue that the source of the Yukon River should really be Teslin Lake and the Teslin River, which has a larger flow when it reaches the Yukon at Hootalinqua. The Teslin River is a river in southern Yukon Territory and northwestern British Columbia, Canada, that flows 393 miles from its source south of Teslin Lake The upper end of the Yukon river was originally known as the Lewes River until it was established that it actually was the Yukon. North of Whitehorse, the Yukon River widens into Lake Laberge, made famous by Robert W. Service's "The Cremation of Sam McGee. Lake Laberge is a widening of the Yukon River north of Whitehorse, Yukon in Canada. Robert William Service ( January 16, 1874 &ndash September 11, 1958) was a poet and writer " The Cremation of Sam McGee " is among the most famous of Robert W " Other large lakes that are part of the Yukon River system include Kusawa Lake (into the Takhini River) and Kluane Lake (into the Kluane and then White River). Kluane Lake is located in the southwest area of the Yukon. At approximately 400 square kilometres and 70 kilometres long it is the largest Lake contained entirely

The river passes through the communities of Whitehorse, Carmacks, (just before the Five Finger Rapids) and Dawson City in the Yukon Territory, and into Circle, Fort Yukon, Stevens Village, Tanana, Ruby, Galena, Nulato, Grayling, Holy Cross, Russian Mission, Marshall, Pilot Station, St. Marys (which is accessible from the Yukon at Pilot Point), and Mountain Village. Whitehorse (ˈʍaɪthɔrs ( 2006 population 20461 CA population 22898 (formerly White Horse until 1957 - 03-21) is the Carmacks is a Village in the Yukon on the Yukon River along the Klondike Highway, and at the west end of the Robert Campbell Highway The Five Finger Rapids are located on the Yukon River, Yukon, Canada. Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. Circle (also called Circle City) is a Census-designated place (CDP in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. Fort Yukon is a city in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area in the U Stevens Village is a Census-designated place (CDP in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. Tanana ( is a city in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area in the US Ruby is a city in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. Galena is the largest city in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area in the U Nulato is a city in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. Grayling is a city in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. Holy Cross is a city in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. Russian Mission ( Iquk in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. Marshall ( Masserculleq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. Pilot Station ( Tuutalgaq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. St Mary's ( Negeqliq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. Mountain Village is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States, located on the Yukon River near the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta After Mountain Village, the main Yukon channel frays into many channels, sprawling across the delta. Mountain Village is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States, located on the Yukon River near the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta There are a number of communitites after the "head of passes," as the channel division is called locally: Nunum Iqua, Alakanuk, Emmonak, and Kotlik. Alakanuk (ah-LUCK-uh-nuck ( Alarneq in Central Yup'ik) is a 2nd-class city in the Wade Hampton Census Area of the Unorganized Borough in the Emmonak ( Imangaq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. Kotlik ( Qerrullik in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. Of those delta communities, Emmonak is the largest with roughly 760 people in the 2000 census. Emmonak ( Imangaq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States. Emmonak's gravel airstrip is the regional hub for flights. Emmonak ( Imangaq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Wade Hampton Census Area, Alaska, United States.

Hazards

The bridge across the Yukon River at Carmacks on the Klondike Highway
The bridge across the Yukon River at Carmacks on the Klondike Highway
The E. L. Patton Yukon River Bridge carries the Dalton Highway over the Yukon north of Fairbanks.
The E. Carmacks is a Village in the Yukon on the Yukon River along the Klondike Highway, and at the west end of the Robert Campbell Highway The Klondike Highway links the Alaskan coastal town of Skagway to Yukon 's Dawson City and its route somewhat parallels that used by L. Patton Yukon River Bridge carries the Dalton Highway over the Yukon north of Fairbanks. The James W Dalton Highway, usually Dalton Highway ( Alaska Route 11) is a 414-mile (666 km road in Alaska.

Volcanoes near the Yukon River, such as Volcano Mountain in the Fort Selkirk Volcanic Field, may have once partly blocked or at least altered the Yukon River by lava flows. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Volcano Mountain is an active Cinder cone in central Yukon Territory, Canada, located a short distance north of Fort Selkirk, The Fort Selkirk Volcanic Field is a Monogenetic volcanic field in the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province, Yukon Territory, Canada. Lava is molten rock expelled by a Volcano during an eruption When first expelled from a volcanic vent it is a Liquid at Temperatures Any future activity in this area could disrupt the course of the river and could have serious impacts on people living or working downstream.

Navigational obstacles on the Yukon River are the Five Finger Rapids and Rink Rapids downstream from Carmacks. The Five Finger Rapids are located on the Yukon River, Yukon, Canada. Carmacks is a Village in the Yukon on the Yukon River along the Klondike Highway, and at the west end of the Robert Campbell Highway

Bridges

Despite its length, there are only four vehicle-carrying bridges across the river:

A car ferry crosses the river at Dawson City in the summer; it is replaced by an ice bridge over the frozen river during the winter. See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and Plans to build a permanent bridge were announced in March 2004, although they are currently on hold because bids came in much higher than budgeted.

There are also 2 pedestrian-only bridges in Whitehorse, as well as a dam across the river and a hydroelectric generating station. Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by Hydropower, ie the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling water The construction of the dam flooded the White Horse Rapids, which gave the city its name, and created Schwatka Lake. The White Horse rapids were Rapids on the Yukon River in Canada 's Yukon Territory, named for their supposed resemblance to the mane of a charging Schwatka Lake is a Reservoir created by the Damming of the Yukon River in Whitehorse Yukon, completed in 1958

The river flows into several parklands and refuges including:

Tributaries

Yukon Territory

The Yukon River from Midnight Dome next to Dawson City, Yukon
The Yukon River from Midnight Dome next to Dawson City, Yukon

Alaska

(tributaries in the Yukon)
(tributaries in Alaska)

See also

References

  1. ^ Brabets, et al, 2000 Environmental and Hydrologic Overview of the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada p56. The Innoko National Wildlife Refuge is a Wildlife refuge in western Alaska in the United States. The Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve is located in east central Alaska along the border with Canada. The Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge covering about 19 million Acres (77000 km² in southwestern The Teslin River is a river in southern Yukon Territory and northwestern British Columbia, Canada, that flows 393 miles from its source south of Teslin Lake The Pelly River is a river in Canada, and is a headstream of the Yukon River. The Klondike River is a Tributary of the Yukon River in Canada that gave its name to the Klondike Gold Rush. The Fortymile River is a River in Alaska and the Yukon. Prior to the Klondike Gold Rush, there was considerable mining activity along this tributary The Charley River is a River in Alaska. It is a major tributary of the Yukon River. The Porcupine River is a River in Alaska and in the Yukon. Having its source in the Ogilvie Mountains north of Dawson City Yukon, The Coleen River is a River in the northeastern part of the U The Black River is a River in eastern Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. The Sheenjek River is a 200 mile long River in the US state of Alaska. The Chandalar River is a River in Alaska. Its peak flow recorded by the USGS was 62800 cubic feet per second ( 1780000 liters The Wind River is a River in the US state of Alaska. It is a designated National Wild and Scenic River. Birch Creek is a River in the US state of Alaska. 113 miles (182 km of the river is managed by the Bureau of Land Management as a Beaver Creek is a River in Alaska. See also List of Alaska rivers The Tanana River (ˈtænənɑː is a tributary of the Yukon River in the U The Nabesna River flows northward from Wrangell-St Elias National Park to join the Chisana River near Northway Junction, where they form the Tanana The Delta River is a tributary of the Tanana River, which in turn is a tributary of the Yukon River in Alaska in the United States The Salcha River is a River in Alaska, USA located southeast and east of Fairbanks, in the eastern portion of Fairbanks North Star Borough The Chena River is a 100-mile-long (160 km river in the Interior region of the U The Nenana River is a tributary of the Tanana River, approximately 150 mi (241 km long in central Alaska in the United States. The Kantishna River is a River draining the north slope of the Alaska Range with headwaters in the Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. The Nowitna River is situated in central Alaska west of Tanana. The Melozitna River is a River in Alaska. See also List of Alaska rivers The Koyukuk River is a principal Tributary of the Yukon River, approximately 500 mi (805 km long in northern Alaska in the United States. The Huslia River is a River in Alaska. See also List of Alaska rivers The Hogatza River is a River in Alaska. See also List of Alaska rivers The Alatna River is a federally-designated wild and scenic river partially contained within the boundaries of Gates of the Arctic National Park, Alaska. The John River is a River in the northern part of the US state of Alaska. Anvik River is a 140-mile-long (225 km River in the US state of Alaska. The Innoko River is a River in western Alaska. It flows north from its origin south of Cloudy Mountain in the Kuskoswim Mountains and then flows southwest The Iditarod River is a River in western Alaska. The river begins north of Chuathbaluk and flows northeast and then west to the Innoko River The Andreafsky River is a River in the US state of Alaska. The Andreafsky River flows southward to its confluence with the Yukon River This is a List of rivers in Alaska, which are at least fifth-order according to the Strahler method of stream classification and an incomplete list of otherwise-notable rivers Arctic Watershed Mackenzie River Watershed Upper Liard River Rancheria River
  2. ^ Brabets, et al, 2000 Environmental and Hydrologic Overview of the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada p48.

External links

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