Citizendia
Your Ad Here

For other uses, see Yucatán (disambiguation).
Yucatán
Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán
—  State  —
Flag of Yucatán
Flag		 Coat of arms of Yucatán
Coat of arms
Location within Mexico
Location within Mexico
Country Flag of Mexico Mexico
Capital Mérida
Municipalities 106
Government
 - Governor Ivonne Ortega Pacheco PRI
 - Federal Deputies PAN: 4
PRI: 1
 - Federal Senators Beatriz Zavala Peniche (PAN)
Alfredo Rodríguez (PAN)
Cleominio Zoreda (PRI)
Area
Ranked 20th
 - Total 38,402 km² (14,827. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Mérida ( Tiho' in Modern Maya) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán and the Yucatan Peninsula. Municipalities ( municipios in Spanish) are the second-level administrative division in Mexico (where the first-level administrative division is the The United Mexican States (or Mexico) is a union of 31 thirty one States and one Federal District (the Mexican Federal District, or Distrito Ivonne Aracelly Ortega Pacheco (b November 27, 1972) is a Mexican politician from Yucatán affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary The Institutional Revolutionary Party ( Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican Political party that wielded The Chamber of Deputies (in Spanish: Cámara de Diputados) is the lower house of the Congress of the Union, Mexico 's bicameral The National Action Party ( Spanish Partido Acción Nacional) known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian democratic The Institutional Revolutionary Party ( Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican Political party that wielded The Senate ( Spanish: Cámara de Senadores or Senado) is the upper house of Mexico 's Bicameral Congress. María Beatriz Zavala Peniche (b October 23, 1957 in Mérida Yucatán) is a Mexican politician affiliated to the National Action Party Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. The following table presents a listing of Mexico 's 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state ranked in order of their surface area Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 1 sq mi)
Population (2005)
 - Total 1,818,948 (Ranked 21st)
Time zone CST (UTC-6)
 - Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
HDI (2004) 0. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The following table is a list of the 31 federal states and the Federal District of Mexico, ranked in order of their total population based on data from the 2000 and The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Areas using UTC−6 Single zone countries Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Daylight saving time ( DST The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP 7778 - medium
Ranked 19th
ISO 3166-2 MX-YUC
Postal abbr. The following table presents a listing of Mexico 's 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state ranked in order of their Human Development ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO Yuc.
Website: http://www.yucatan.gob.mx

Yucatán is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located on the north of the Yucatán Peninsula. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Yucatán Peninsula, in Southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico. The term the Yucatán is incorrect usage, as would be the term the Florida. The Yucatan peninsula includes the three Mexican states: Yucatán, Campeche, and Quintana Roo; all three modern states were formerly part of the larger historic state of Yucatán in the 19th century. Campeche is the name of both a state in Mexico and its capital city Quintana Roo (kinˈtana ˈro is a state of Mexico, on the eastern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. The state capital of Yucatán is Mérida. Mérida ( Tiho' in Modern Maya) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán and the Yucatan Peninsula.

Contents

Geography

The State of Yucatán is located on the Yucatán Peninsula. The Yucatán Peninsula, in Southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico. It borders the states of Campeche to the southwest, Quintana Roo to the east and southeast, and the Gulf of Mexico to the north and west. Campeche is the name of both a state in Mexico and its capital city Quintana Roo (kinˈtana ˈro is a state of Mexico, on the eastern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world As a whole, the state is extremely flat with little or no topographic variation. The exception are the Puuc hills, located in the southern portion of the state. PuucChunjujujpg|right|thumb|325px|Puuc building at Chunhuhub, Campeche, as drawn by Frederick Catherwood, 1841]][[Image UxmalCornerChacMask

Government and politics

The Constitution of the State of Yucatán provides that the government of Yucatán, like the government of every other state in Mexico, consists of three powers: the executive, the legislative and the judiciary. For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. Political power ( Imperium in Latin is a type of power held by a group in a Society which allows administration of some or all of In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State

Executive power rests in the governor of Yucatán, who is directly elected by the citizens, using a secret ballot, to a 6-year term with no possibility of reelection. According to the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Yucatán, the exercise of the Executive Power of this Mexican state is placed in a single individual that Legislative power rests in the Congress of Yucatán which is a unicameral legislature composed of 25 deputies. The Congress of the State of Yucatán (aka Congress of Yucatán) is the Legislative branch of the government of the State of Yucatán. Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or Parliamentary chamber Judicial power is invested in the Superior Court of Justice of Yucatán.

The most recent local election in Yucatán was held on May 20, 2007. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. (See main article: Yucatán state election, 2007. Local elections were held in the Mexican state of Yucatán on May 20, 2007. )

Municipalities

Main article: Municipalities of Yucatán

The State of Yucatán is divided into 106 municipalities, each headed by a municipal president (mayor). The Mexican state of Yucatán is made up of 106 municipios ( municipalities) A presidente municipal ( English: " municipal president " is the chief of government of Municipios in Mexico Usually municipalities are named after the city that serves as municipal seat; e. g. the municipal seat of the Municipality of Mérida is the City of Mérida. Mérida ( Tiho' in Modern Maya) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán and the Yucatan Peninsula.

Major communities

Food

Yucatecan food is its own unique style and is very different from what most people would consider "Mexican" food. Kanasín is a city and its surrounding municipality located in the west-central part of the state of Yucatán in Mexico. Maxcanú is a large town in the western part of the Mexican state of Yucatán; it also functions as the seat for the Municipality of Maxcanú. Mérida ( Tiho' in Modern Maya) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán and the Yucatan Peninsula. Motul is a small city in the Mexican state of Yucatán, located some 44 km east of Mérida at. Oxkutzcab (sometimes spelled as Oxcutzcab) is a small city surrounded by a municipality of the same name in the Mexican state of Yucatán Progreso is a port city in the Mexican state of Yucatán, located on the Gulf of Mexico Tekax, sometimes spelled Tecax (in full Tekax de Álvaro Obregón) is a small City in the Mexican state of Yucatán, located at Ticul is a small City and its surrounding municipality in western Yucatán state, Mexico. Tizimín is a City and its surrounding municipality of the same name located in the north-east of the Mexican state of Yucatán. Umán is a small City and its surrounding municipality of the same name in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. Valladolid ( Saki' in Maya) is a small city and its surrounding municipality in the southeastern part of the Mexican state of It includes influences from the local Mayan culture, as well as Caribbean, Mexican, European (French) and Middle Eastern cultures.

There are many regional dishes. Some of them are:

History

Pre-Colombian era

El Castillo at Chichen Itza, one of the most impressive Mayan ruins on the Yucatán.
El Castillo at Chichen Itza, one of the most impressive Mayan ruins on the Yucatán. Chichen Itza (tʃiːˈtʃɛn iːˈtsɑː from Chi'ch'èen Ìitsha' "At the mouth of the well of the Itza " is a
Main article: Maya civilization
Further information: Mesoamerican chronology

Before the arrival of the Spanish in the area, Yucatán was the home of the Maya civilization, and in particular the Yucatecan Maya people. The Maya civilization is a Mesoamerican Civilization, noted for the only known fully developed written language of the Pre-Columbian Americas Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into a number of named successive eras or periods from the earliest evidence of human habitation The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español was one of the largest Empires in history and one of the first Global empires In the 15th and 16th centuries The Maya civilization is a Mesoamerican Civilization, noted for the only known fully developed written language of the Pre-Columbian Americas The Maya peoples constitute a diverse range of the Native American peoples of southern Mexico and northern Central America. Archaeological remains show ceremonial architecture dating back some 3000 years; some Maya hieroglyphic inscriptions found in the area date back to the Maya Preclassic period (200 B.C.). An archaeological site is a place (or group of physical sites in which evidence of past activity is preserved (either Prehistoric or historic or contemporary and Mesoamerican architecture is the set of architectural traditions produced by Pre-Columbian cultures and civilizations of Mesoamerica, traditions which are The Maya script, also known as Maya hieroglyphs, was the writing system of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization of Mesoamerica, presently Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into a number of named successive eras or periods from the earliest evidence of human habitation Events By Place World Human population reaches about 257 million Maya cities of Yucatán continued to flourish after the central and southern lowland Classic period Maya cities collapsed (c. geography of Mesoamerica entails the physical and Human geography of Mesoamerica, a Culture area inhabited by complex indigenous Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into a number of named successive eras or periods from the earliest evidence of human habitation Circa (often abbreviated c, ca, ca or cca and sometimes Italicized to show it is Latin) means "about" A.D. 900), including the Puuc flouresence during the Terminal Classic, the rise of Chichen Itza at roughly the same time, and the subsequent rise of other sites, such as Mayapan, during the Postclassic. Events By place Asia Laguna Copperplate Inscription, Kavi script inscribed in Luzon, Philippines, PuucChunjujujpg|right|thumb|325px|Puuc building at Chunhuhub, Campeche, as drawn by Frederick Catherwood, 1841]][[Image UxmalCornerChacMask Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into a number of named successive eras or periods from the earliest evidence of human habitation Chichen Itza (tʃiːˈtʃɛn iːˈtsɑː from Chi'ch'èen Ìitsha' "At the mouth of the well of the Itza " is a Mayapan ( Màayapáan in Modern Maya) (in Spanish Mayapán) is a Pre-Columbian Maya site in the state of Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into a number of named successive eras or periods from the earliest evidence of human habitation Several sites continued to be occupied up to and beyond the 16th century arrival of the Spanish. The Spanish Conquest of Yucatán was the campaign undertaken by the Spanish Conquistadores ' against the Late Postclassic Maya states and The ruins of well over a hundred Maya sites of varying sizes can still be found on the peninsula, such as Chichen Itza and Uxmal, though most sites have not been extensively investigated. Chichen Itza (tʃiːˈtʃɛn iːˈtsɑː from Chi'ch'èen Ìitsha' "At the mouth of the well of the Itza " is a Uxmal ( Yucatec Maya: Óoxmáal is a large Pre-Columbian ruined city of the Maya civilization in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. Other important ancient Maya cities were built over by the Spanish, and their sites are still occupied today, such as Izamal (Itsmal in Yucatecan Maya) and Mérida (T'ho in Yucatecan Maya). Izamal is a small city in the Mexican state of Yucatán, 72 km (about 40 miles east of state capital Mérida.

Arrival of the Spanish

Main article: Spanish conquest of Yucatán
See also: Archdiocese of Yucatán. The Spanish Conquest of Yucatán was the campaign undertaken by the Spanish Conquistadores ' against the Late Postclassic Maya states and The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Yucatán is located in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Campeche and Tabasco are its suffragans

According to Hernan Cortes' first letter (Cartas de relacion) to the King of Spain, "Yucatan" represents a mis-naming of the land by his political antagonist Diego Velazquez. Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro 1st Marqués del Valle de Oaxaca ( 1485&ndash December 2, For the Spanish painter see Diego Velázquez. Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar (1465 Cuéllar, Cortes alleges that when Velazquez initially landed in Yucatan and asked about the name of the well-populated land, the indigenous people answered, "We don't understand your language. " This was supposedly rendered as Yucatan by the Spaniards, who were unfamiliar with the phonetics of Mayan. However, there was political antagonism between Cortes and Velazquez, and this story evidently represents an attempt to defame Velazquez. The actual source of the name "Yucatan" is the Nahuatl (Aztec) word Yokatlān, "place of richness. Nahuatl ( is a group of related languages and dialects of the Aztecan or Nahuan branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family "

The conquest of the Maya city-states took decades of long fighting.

African slaves brought by the Spanish also played a major role during Yucatan conquest, many of them declaring themselves free after a revolt led by Gaspar Yanga took place. The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español was one of the largest Empires in history and one of the first Global empires In the 15th and 16th centuries Gaspar Yanga —often simply Yanga or Nyanga —was a leader of a slave rebellion in Mexico during the early period of Spanish colonial rule. A lot of the freed slaves settled in small towns called Palenques and declared themselves independent. A quilombo (from the Kimbundu word kilombo) is a Brazilian Hinterland settlement founded by Quilombolas, or They also interacted with the indigenous Maya mixing both cultures in to what is now know as Zambo or Afro-indigenous ancestry. Zambo is a Spanish term (the Portuguese language term is Cafuso) that was used in the Spanish Empire and continues to be used today

Three Spanish expeditions explored the coastal areas of Yucatan from 1517 to 1519, but no major effort was made to conquer the country until 1527 when the first expedition under Francisco de Montejo landed with Spanish crown authority to conquer and colonize Yucatán. Francisco de Montejo y Alverez (c 1479 in Salamanca &ndash c 1553 in Spain) was a Spanish Conquistador in Mexico and Central America While the chiefs of some states quickly pledged allegiance to the Spanish crown, others waged war against the Spanish. Montejo was forced to retreat from Yucatán in 1528. He came back with a large force in 1531, briefly established a capital at Chichén Itzá, but was again driven from the land in 1535. Montejo turned over his rights to his son, also named Francisco, who invaded Yucatán with a large force in 1540. In 1542 the younger Montejo set up his capital in the Maya city of T'ho, which he renamed Mérida. Mérida ( Tiho' in Modern Maya) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán and the Yucatan Peninsula. The lord (also known as Tutul Xiu in the Yucatec Maya language) of Mani converted to Roman Catholicism and became an ally, which greatly assisted in the conquest of the rest of the peninsula. Yucatec Maya ("Maaya T'aan" in the revised Orthography of the Academia de Lenguas Mayas de Guatemala) is a Mayan language spoken in When the Spanish and Xiu defeated an army of the combined forces of the states of eastern Yucatán in 1546, the conquest was officially complete.

As of 1564 Yucatan became a captaincy general and from 1786 an intendencia, as a result of the Bourbon Reforms in the administration of the Indies. A captaincy is a historical Administrative division of the former Spanish and Portuguese Colonial empires Each was governed by a Captain The title of intendant (intendant Spanish intendente) has been used in a number of countries through history The Bourbon Reforms were a series of economic and political measures taken by the Spanish Crown in the 18th century (under the House of Bourbon) intended

The Spaniards were granted land and natives to work it for their benefit. Priests and monks set to bringing the population into the Roman Catholic Church. The first bishop of Yucatán, Diego de Landa, burned all the Maya books that could be located (saying "they contained nothing but the lies of the Devil") and suppressed any remnants of pagan beliefs with such vigour that he was for a time recalled to Spain to answer charges of improper harshness. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight Diego de Landa Calderón ( 12 November, 1524 &ndash 1579 was Bishop of Yucatán. Maya codices (singular Codex) are folding Books stemming from the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization, written in Maya hieroglyphic The Devil is the The book he wrote (in the 1560s) in his defense, Relación de las cosas de Yucatán ("Relation of the Things of Yucatán"), is one of the single-most detailed accounts of Yucatán and of indigenous life from the time of the Conquest. Segments of this work would much later prove to be of instrumental value in the much-later decipherment of the pre-Columbian Maya writing system. A writing system is a type of Symbolic system used to represent elements or statements expressible in Language.

While the Maya embraced Christianity, many took it on as an addition to rather than a replacement of pre-Columbian beliefs, and some Christian Maya continue to offer prayers to the ancient agricultural deities in addition to the Christian God and saints. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings

There were periodic native revolts against Spanish rule, including a large one led by Can Ek in 1761.

Independence and the turbulent 1840s

In February 1821, Mexico achieved independence from Spain. On 2 November of that year, Yucatán became part of independent Mexico. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 The State of Yucatán at that time included the territory of what is now the states of Campeche and Quintana Roo as well.

In 1835, a conservative unitary system of government was instituted in Mexico (a centralized dictatorship unconstitutionally brought forth and held by the then-President: Santa Anna). Yucatán became a department, and authority was imposed from the center. Discontent increased and an insurrection erupted in Tizimín in May 1838, advocating Yucatecan independence. Tizimín is a City and its surrounding municipality of the same name located in the north-east of the Mexican state of Yucatán. In 1840, the local Congress approved a declaration of independence of Yucatán. At first, Governor Santiago Méndez blocked it, saying that Yucatán would again recognize the rule of the central government in Mexico City if the Mexican Constitution of 1824 were reinstated. Santiago Méndez Ibarra (1790 - 1870 was governor of Yucatán, Mexico 5 times from 1840 to 1857 usually alternating that office with Miguel Barbachano The 1824 Constitution of Mexico was the first full Constitution adopted by the Mexican Republic. Andrés Quintana Roo, sent to Mérida in 1841 by President Antonio López de Santa Anna, succeeded in settling the differences and signed a treaty with the local government. Andrés Quintana Roo (b Mérida Yucatán, November 30, 1787; d Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón ( February 21, 1794 &ndash June 21, 1876) often known as Santa

Flag of the Republic of Yucatán
Flag of the Republic of Yucatán

But when Santa Anna later ignored the provisions of this treaty, hostilities resumed, and Governor Méndez ordered all Mexican flags removed from Yucatecan buildings and shipping in favor of the flag of the "sovereign nation of the Republic of Yucatán", two red and one white stripe, with a quincunx of stars in a green field. A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification For Sir Francis Galton 's machine for demonstrating the Normal distribution named "quincunx" see Bean machine. The Yucatecan Constitution was modeled in part on the 1824 Mexican Constitution and the Yucatán state constitution of 1825.

Santa Anna refused to recognize Yucatán's independence, and he barred Yucatecan ships and commerce in Mexico and ordered Yucatán's ports blockaded. He sent an army to invade Yucatán in 1843. The Yucatecans defeated the Mexican force, but the loss of economic ties to Mexico deeply hurt Yucatecan commerce. Yucatán's governor Miguel Barbachano decided to use the victory as a time to negotiate with Santa Anna's government from a position of strength. Miguel Barbachano y Tarrazo ( 29 September, 1807 &ndash 17 December, 1859) (Baqueiro 1896 was a liberal Yucatecan politician who was 5 times It was agreed that Yucatán would rejoin Mexico so long as various assurances of right to self-rule and adherence to the 1825 Constitution within the Peninsula were observed by Mexico City. The treaty reincorporating Yucatán into Mexico was signed in December 1843.

Once more, the central government rescinded earlier concessions and in 1845 Yucatán again renounced the Mexican government, declaring independence effective 1 January 1846. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display When the Mexican-American War broke out, Yucatán declared its neutrality.

In 1847 the so-called "Caste War" (Guerra de Castas) broke out, a major revolt of the Maya people against the Hispanic population in political and economic control. The Caste War of Yucatán (1847&ndash1901 began with the revolt of native Maya people of Yucatán ( Mexico) against the population of European descent The Maya peoples constitute a diverse range of the Native American peoples of southern Mexico and northern Central America. At one point in 1848, this revolt was successful to the point of driving all Hispanic Yucatecans out of almost the entire peninsula other than the walled cities of Mérida and Campeche.

The government in Mérida appealed for foreign help in suppressing the revolt, with Governor Méndez taking the extraordinary step of sending identical letters to Britain, Spain, and the United States, offering sovereignty over Yucatán to whatever nation first provided sufficient aid to quash the Maya revolt. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The proposal received serious attention in Washington, D.C.—the Yucatecan ambassador was received by US President James K. Polk and the matter was debated in the Congress, with no action taken other than an invocation of the Monroe Doctrine to warn off any European power from interfering in the peninsula. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by James Knox Polk ( November 2 1795&ndashJune 15 1849 was the eleventh President of the United States, serving from March 4 1845 to March 4 1849 The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses The Monroe Doctrine is a US doctrine which on December 2 1823 stated that European powers were no longer to colonize or interfere with

Map of Yucatán, circa 1910
Map of Yucatán, circa 1910

After the end of the Mexican-American War, Governor Barbachano appealed to Mexican President José Joaquín de Herrera for help in suppressing the revolt, and in exchange Yucatán again recognized the central government's authority. José Joaquín de Herrera ( Xalapa, Veracruz, February 23, 1792 &ndash February 10, 1854 in Tacubaya, Distrito Yucatán was again reunited with Mexico on 17 August 1848. Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap

Frequent skirmishes and occasional large battles between the forces of the Yucatecan government and independent Maya of the eastern part of the peninsula continued through 1901, when the Mexican army occupied the Maya capital of Chan Santa Cruz. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Chan Santa Cruz or U Noh Kah Balam Nah Chan Santa Cruz is the Maya town now known as Felipe Carrillo Puerto in what is now the Mexican Some Maya communities in Quintana Roo continued to refuse to acknowledge Ladino or Mexican sovereignty as late as the 1910s. Black Ladinos were Spanish -speaking black Africans born in Latin America, or exiled to the Americas after spending time in Castile The 1910s decade ran from January 1 1910 through December 31 1919

See also Caste War of Yucatán. The Caste War of Yucatán (1847&ndash1901 began with the revolt of native Maya people of Yucatán ( Mexico) against the population of European descent

Mid-19th century through mid-20th century

In 1857 Campeche broke off from Yucatán to become a separate state. Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857 Year 1857 ( MDCCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the Campeche is the name of both a state in Mexico and its capital city On 24 November 1902, President Porfirio Díaz proclaimed the creation of the territory of Quintana Roo, separating that territory from the state of Yucatán. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori was a Mexican politician ( September 15, 1830 – 2 July 1915) that would later become the president of Mexico Quintana Roo (kinˈtana ˈro is a state of Mexico, on the eastern part of the Yucatán Peninsula.

Sisal for making rope was probably the first major export crop of the Yucatán Peninsula. Sisal or sisal hemp is an Agave Agave sisalana that yields a stiff Fiber used in making Rope. The region prospered from this lucrative crop until alternative rope materials came into wider use after World War I and henequen (sometimes called "green gold") was planted in other places around the world, setting up competing industries. A rope is a length of Fibers twisted or Braided together to improve strength for pulling and Connecting. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Henequen ( Agave fourcroydes Lem is an Agave whose leaves yield a Fiber also called henequen which is suitable for Rope and Twine The decades of the henequen boom was a fairly progressive era for Yucatán; the city of Mérida had electric streetlights and trolley cars before Mexico City. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico It is said there were more millionaires in Mérida at that time than anywhere else in the Americas. Today, the Paseo de Montejo, an avenue patterned after the Champs-Élysées in Paris, is lined with both abandoned and renovated mansions from that era. The Avenue des Champs-Élysées (ʃɑ̃zeliˈze) is the most prestigious avenue in Paris. And the Yucatan countryside has over 300 haciendas, also built during that time, which are also in varying states of disrepair and renovation. Hacienda is a Spanish word for an estate usually but not always a vast Ranch.

Late 20th century: An end to relative isolation

Until the mid-20th century most of Yucatán's contact with the outside world was by sea; trade with the USA and Cuba, as well as Europe and other Caribbean islands, was more significant than that with the rest of Mexico. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la In the 1950s Yucatán was linked to the rest of Mexico by railway, followed by highway in the 1960s, ending the region's comparative isolation. Today Yucatán still demonstrates a unique culture from the rest of Mexico, including its own style of food.

Commercial jet airplanes began arriving in Mérida in the 1960s, and additional international airports were built first in Cozumel and then in the new planned resort community of Cancún in the 1980s, making tourism a major force in the economy of the Yucatán Peninsula. Cozumel ( Mayan: Island of the Swallows ' ( Kùutsmil in Modern Maya) is an Island in the Caribbean Sea off the eastern Cancún (pronounced as kanˈkun is a coastal city in Mexico 's easternmost state Quintana Roo, on the Yucatán Peninsula.

The first Maya governor of Yucatán, Francisco Luna Kan, was elected in 1976. Dr Francisco Epigmenio Luna Kan (born December 3 1925) is a Mexican Politician.

Today, the Yucatán Peninsula is a major tourism destination, as well as home to one of the largest indigenous populations in Mexico, the Maya people. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel The Maya peoples constitute a diverse range of the Native American peoples of southern Mexico and northern Central America.

See also

External links

The Chicxulub Crater (tʃikʃuˈlub is an ancient Impact crater buried underneath the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. The Spanish Conquest of Yucatán was the campaign undertaken by the Spanish Conquistadores ' against the Late Postclassic Maya states and The Caste War of Yucatán (1847&ndash1901 began with the revolt of native Maya people of Yucatán ( Mexico) against the population of European descent According to the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Yucatán, the exercise of the Executive Power of this Mexican state is placed in a single individual that The Mexican state of Yucatán is made up of 106 municipios ( municipalities)
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic