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Yorkshire Dales
Protected Area
none National park entrance sign, near Skipton
National park entrance sign, near Skipton
CountryFlag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom
PartFlag of England England
CountiesNorth Yorkshire, Cumbria
Area1,769 km² (683 sq mi)
National Park of England1954
IUCN categoryII - National Park
Yorkshire Dales National Park within North Yorkshire
Yorkshire Dales National Park within North Yorkshire

The Yorkshire Dales (also known as "The Dales") is the name given to an upland area, in Northern England. Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

The area lies within the historic county boundaries of Yorkshire, though it spans the ceremonial counties of North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, and Cumbria. The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in West Yorkshire is a Metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England with a population of Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy Most of the area falls within the Yorkshire Dales District National Park, created in 1954, and now one of the twelve National parks of England and Wales (not including the South Downs which is due to become one). The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949

The Dales is a collection of river valleys and the hills in between them, rising from the Vale of York westwards to the hilltops of the main Pennine watershed (the British English meaning). In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is This article is about the geographical area For the UK parliamentary constituency see Vale of York (UK Parliament constituency. The Pennines are a low-rising Mountain range in Northern England and southern Scotland. In some places the area even extends westwards across the watershed, but most of the valleys drain eastwards to the Vale of York—into the Ouse and then the Humber. The River Ouse (pronounced "ooze" is a river in North Yorkshire, England. The Humber is a large tidal Estuary on the east coast of northern England

"Dale" comes from a Nordic/Germanic word for valley, and occurs in valley names across Yorkshire (and northern England generally) but since the creation of the Yorkshire Dales National park, the name "Yorkshire Dales" has come to refer specifically to these western dales (the area of dales and hills EAST of the Vale of York is now always called the "North York Moors" after the National Park created there). The North York Moors (also known as the North Yorkshire Moors) is a national park in North Yorkshire, England. Confusingly, the Yorkshire Dales have plenty of moors, too.

They tend to be Glacial.

Contents

Geography

Most of the dales in the Yorkshire Dales are named after their river or stream (eg Arkengarthdale, formed by Arkle Beck). The best-known exception to this rule is Wensleydale, which is named after the town of Wensley rather than the River Ure, although an older name for the dale is Yoredale. Wensleydale is the Valley (dale of the River Ure on the east side of the Pennines in North Yorkshire, England. In fact, valleys all over Yorkshire are called "(name of river)+dale"—but only the more northern Yorkshire valleys (and only the upper, rural, reaches) are included in the term "The Dales". In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is For example, the southern boundary area lies in Wharfedale and Airedale. Wharfedale is one of the Yorkshire Dales in England. It is the valley of the River Wharfe. Airedale is a geographic area in Yorkshire, England, corresponding to the river valley of the River Aire (pronounced air) The lower reaches of these valleys are not usually included in the area, and Calderdale much further south, would never normally be referred to as part of "The Dales" even though it is a dale, is in Yorkshire, and the upper reaches are as scenic and rural as many valleys further north. The Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale is a Metropolitan borough of the Metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, England, through which the

Geographically, the classical Yorkshire Dales spread to the north from the market and spa towns of Settle, Deepdale near Dent, Skipton, Ilkley and Harrogate in North Yorkshire, with most of the larger southern dales (e. Settle is a small Market town within the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, Ilkley is a Spa town and Civil parish in West Yorkshire, in the north of England. Harrogate (or Harrogate Spa) is a large wealthy Spa town in North Yorkshire, England. g. Ribblesdale, Malhamdale and Airedale, Wharfedale and Nidderdale) running roughly parallel from north to south. The more northerly dales (e. g. Wensleydale, Swaledale and Teesdale) running generally from west to east. Wensleydale is the Valley (dale of the River Ure on the east side of the Pennines in North Yorkshire, England. There are also many other smaller or lesser known dales (e. g. Arkengarthdale, Barbondale, Bishopdale, Clapdale, Coverdale, Dentdale and Deepdale, Garsdale, Kingsdale, Littondale, Langstrothdale, Raydale, Waldendale and the Washburn Valley) whose tributary streams and rivers feed into the larger valleys. [1]

The characteristic scenery of the "Dales" is green upland pastures separated by dry-stone walls and grazed by sheep and cattle. Dry stone is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family The dales themselves are 'U' and 'V' shaped valleys, which were enlarged and shaped by glaciers, mainly in the most recent, Devensian ice age. In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is "Glacial" and "Glaciation" redirect here For the geological periods see Glacial period. "Last glacial" redirects here For the period of maximum glacier extent during this time see Last Glacial Maximum The last glacial period An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets The underlying rock is principally Carboniferous limestone (which results in a number of areas of limestone pavement) in places interspersed with shale and sandstone and topped with millstone grit. The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that extends from the end of the Devonian period about 359 Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 A limestone pavement is a natural Karst landform consisting of a flat incised surface of exposed Limestone that resembles an artificial pavement Shale (also called mudstone) is a fine-grained Sedimentary rock whose original constituents were Clay minerals or Muds It is characterized by Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. Gritstone — otherwise called Millstone grit — is a Sedimentary rock composed of coarse sand grains with inclusions of small stones However, to the north of the Dent fault, the hills are principally older Silurian and Ordovician rocks, which make up the Howgill Fells. The Silurian is a geologic period and system that extends from the end of the Ordovician period about 443 The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six of the Paleozoic era, and covers the time between 488 The Howgill Fells are a small group of Hills in Cumbria in northern England, bounded approximately by a triangle drawn between Sedbergh,

Many of the upland areas consist of heather moorland, used for grouse shooting in the months following August 12 each year (the 'Glorious Twelfth'). Calluna vulgaris (also known as Ling is the sole species in the Genus Calluna in the family Ericaceae. Moorland or moor is a type of habitat found in upland areas characterised by low growing vegetation on Acidic soils Grouse are a group of birds from the order Galliformes. Often considered a family Tetraonidae, the American Ornithologists' Union Shooting is the act or process of firing Rifles Shotguns or other projectile Weapons such as bows or Crossbows Even the firing of Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid The Glorious Twelfth is usually used to refer to August 12, the start of the Shooting season for Red Grouse ( Lagopus lagopus scoticus) and to

Cave systems

Gaping Gill
Gaping Gill

Because of the limestone that runs throughout the "Dales" there are extensive cave systems present across the area making it one of the major areas for caving in the UK. A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter Caving or spelunking is the recreational Sport of exploring Caves In contrast Speleology is the scientific study of caves and the cave Many of these are open to the public for tours and for caving. Caving or spelunking is the recreational Sport of exploring Caves In contrast Speleology is the scientific study of caves and the cave [2]

These include:

Yorkshire Dales National Park

Stone houses in Hawes, a typical example of Dales architecture
Stone houses in Hawes, a typical example of Dales architecture
Limestone hills and dry-stone walls in the west of the Yorkshire Dales. This part of the national park is popular with walkers due to the presence of the Yorkshire three peaks.
Limestone hills and dry-stone walls in the west of the Yorkshire Dales. Hawes is a small Market town in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England. Dry stone is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together This part of the national park is popular with walkers due to the presence of the Yorkshire three peaks. The mountains of Whernside ( Ingleborough ( and Pen-y-ghent ( are collectively known as the (Yorkshire Three Peaks.

In 1954 an area of 1,770 km² was designated the Yorkshire Dales National Park. Most of the National Park is in North Yorkshire, though part lies within Cumbria. The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy The park is 50 miles (80 km) north east of Manchester; Leeds and Bradford lie to the south, while Kendal is to the west and Darlington to the east. [6]

Over 20,000 residents live and work in the park, which attracts over eight million visitors every year. The area has a large collection of activities for visitors. For example, many people come to the "Dales" for walking or exercise. The National Park is crossed by several long-distance routes including the Pennine Way, the Dales Way, the Coast to Coast Path and the latest national trail - the Pennine Bridleway. The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England. The trail runs 429 kilometres (268 mi from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire The Dales Way is an 84-mile (135 km Long Distance Footpath in Northern England, from (south east to north west Ilkley, West Yorkshire The Pennine Bridleway is a new National Trail under designation in Northern England [7] Cycling is also popular and there are several cycleways. [8]

The Park has its own museum, the Dales Countryside Museum, housed in a conversion of the Hawes railway station in Wensleydale in the north of the Park. The Dales Countryside Museum is a local Museum for the Yorkshire Dales National Park in Northern England. Hawes railway station was a Railway station that served the town of Hawes in North Yorkshire, England. Wensleydale is the Valley (dale of the River Ure on the east side of the Pennines in North Yorkshire, England. [9] The park has 5 visitor centres located in major destinations in the park. [10] These are at:

Other places and sights within the National Park include:

Miscellaneous

James Herriot's veterinary books are set in the Dales, as is the TV soap opera Emmerdale. Aysgarth Falls are a triple flight of Waterfalls carved out by the River Ure over an almost a one-mile stretch on its descent to mid-Wensleydale in the Grassington is a picturesque Village in Wharfedale, North Yorkshire, England. Hawes is a small Market town in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England. Malham is a Village in Craven, North Yorkshire, England, in the Yorkshire Dales with a population of 120 Reeth is a small town in Yorkshire Dales within the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England and principal settlement of Swaledale Bolton Castle in North Yorkshire, is located in Wensleydale in the Yorkshire Dales ( Clapham ( is a village in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. Cautley Spout is England 's highest Waterfall above ground ( Gaping Gill on Ingleborough falls a greater distance into a Pothole Gaping Gill (also known as Gaping Ghyll) is one of the unmistakable landmarks on the mountain of Ingleborough in North Yorkshire, a 105 Hardraw Force ( OS grid ref) is a Waterfall on the Hardraw Beck in a wooded Ravine just outside the hamlet of Hardraw at the foot Horton in Ribblesdale is a small Village in Ribblesdale in the county of North Yorkshire, on the Settle&ndashCarlisle Railway to the west of Kisdon Force is a series of Waterfalls on the River Swale in Swaledale, England. Swaledale is one of the northernmost dales in the Yorkshire Dales National Park in Northern England. Malham Cove is a natural Limestone formation near Malham, North Yorkshire, England. Gordale Scar is a dramatic Limestone ravine close to Malham, North Yorkshire, England. Sedbergh (pronounced Sedber or even by the locals Sebber) is a small town in Cumbria, England. Settle is a small Market town within the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. History The S&C had its origins in railway politics the expansion-minded Midland Railway company was locked in dispute with the rival London and North Western Railway Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, The mountains of Whernside ( Ingleborough ( and Pen-y-ghent ( are collectively known as the (Yorkshire Three Peaks. James Herriot is the Pen name of James Alfred Wight OBE, also known as Alf Wight (3 October 1916 &ndash A soap opera is an ongoing episodic work of Fiction, usually broadcast on Television or Radio. Emmerdale, known as Emmerdale Farm until 1989 is a British Soap opera that has aired on ITV since 1972

The acclaimed American travel writer Bill Bryson lived in and is an admirer of the Yorkshire Dales. William McGuire "Bill" Bryson, OBE, (born 8 December 1951 is a best-selling American Author of humorous books on Travel, as well He describes the dales in his book on Britain, Notes from a Small Island. Notes from a Small Island is a travel book by Bill Bryson. It was written when the author was due to move back to his native United States but decided

The British writer Gervase Phinn has published four autobiographical novels (a fifth will be released in summer 2007) about his career as a school inspector in the Dales. Gervase Phinn (born 27 December 1946 in Rotherham, Yorkshire) is an English author and educator

The Yorkshire Dales is served by its own radio station, Fresh Radio, which broadcasts programmes from studio bases in Skipton and Richmond, North Yorkshire. Fresh Radio is a local radio station broadcasting to the Yorkshire Dales in northern England on two medium wave (AM frequencies and currently three FM frequencies Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, Richmond is a Market town on the River Swale in North Yorkshire, England and is the administrative centre of the district of Richmondshire

List of Dales

Janet's Foss, near Malham
Janet's Foss, near Malham
The whole of Ingleborough as seen from the peat bog below
The whole of Ingleborough as seen from the peat bog below

See also

References

  1. ^ Yorkshire Dales
  2. ^ Caves and Caving in the Yorkshire Dales
  3. ^ Gaping Gill
  4. ^ White Scar Caves
  5. ^ Ingleborough Cave
  6. ^ Welcome to the Yorkshire Dales National Park
  7. ^ Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority - Things to do
  8. ^ Cycle the Dales
  9. ^ Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority - Dales Countryside Museum
  10. ^ Yorkshire Dales National Park Authorty - National Park Centres

External links


Malham is a Village in Craven, North Yorkshire, England, in the Yorkshire Dales with a population of 120 Arkengarthdale is a dale or Valley, on the east side of the Pennines in North Yorkshire, England. Bishopdale, a dale and Civil parish in the Yorkshire Dales National Park forms part of the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England Coverdale is a Dale in the far west of the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England. The valley of Dentdale in Cumbria and North Yorkshire, England, takes its name from the village of Dent. Garsdale is a Civil parish occupying a narrow populated valley in Cumbria, England. Langstrothdale is a valley in the Yorkshire Dales in North Yorkshire, England. Littondale is a dale in the Craven District of the Non-metropolitan county of North Yorkshire, England. Malham is a Village in Craven, North Yorkshire, England, in the Yorkshire Dales with a population of 120 Nidderdale is one of the Yorkshire Dales (although outside the Yorkshire Dales National Park in North Yorkshire, England. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Swaledale is one of the northernmost dales in the Yorkshire Dales National Park in Northern England. Wensleydale is the Valley (dale of the River Ure on the east side of the Pennines in North Yorkshire, England. Wharfedale is one of the Yorkshire Dales in England. It is the valley of the River Wharfe. This is a list of the peaks in the Yorkshire Dales. Marilyns are peaks in the British Isles with 150  m of relative height;
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