Yejong of Goryeo - Citizendia

Yejong of Goryeo

Hangul	예종
Hanja	睿宗
Revised Romanization	Yejong
McCune-Reischauer	Yejong

Birth name

Hangul	왕우
Hanja	王俁
Revised Romanization	Wang U
McCune-Reischauer	Wang U

Courtesy name

Hangul	세민
Hanja	世民
Revised Romanization	Semin
McCune-Reischauer	Semin

For the later ruler, see Yejong of Joseon. Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language Romanization system in South Korea. McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language Romanization systems along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which The name at birth is the name a child is given by his or her Parents according to a generally universal custom, and legal requirement to file a form of Birth Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language Romanization system in South Korea. McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language Romanization systems along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name ( zì) is a given name to be used later in life Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language Romanization system in South Korea. McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language Romanization systems along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which For the earlier ruler see Yejong of Goryeo. The Yejong of Joseon was the 8th king of the Joseon Dynasty Korea.

Yejong of Goryeo (1079-1122, r. 1105-1122) was the 16th emperor of the Korean Goryeo dynasty. The Goryeo Dynasty ( 918 - 1392) (also spelled Koryŏ was a Sovereign state established in 918 by Taejo Wang Kon. He was the son of Emperor Sukjong and Empress Myeongui. Sukjong of Goryeo (1054-1105 r 1095-1105 was the 15th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He succeeded Sukjong upon his father's death.

Among his first decrees, in 1106, was an order breaking up the empire into new administrative divisions. [1]

He was a great promoter of Daoism, preferring its precepts over those of the previously ascendant court religion of Buddhism. Taoism (pronounced /ˈdaʊɪzəm/ or /ˈtaʊɪzəm/ also spelled '''Daoism''') refers to a variety of related Philosophical and Religious traditions Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices During his reign, Daoist court rituals were introduced from Song Dynasty China; many Daoist practices and institutions were established and began to flourish. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms [2]

Although the early 12th century was a relatively stable period for Korea, Yejong did have to deal with Jurchen incursions in the northern part of the kingdom. The Jurchens ( were a Tungus people who inhabited the region of Manchuria ( Northeast China) until the 17th century when they adopted the name Manchu He refused the diplomatic overtures of the Jin Dynasty, a rival to China that had been founded in 1115 by the Jurchens, instead sending a large army to repel Jin attacks in Korea's northern regions. This is an article for the Jurchen Jin Dynasty (1115–1234 For other Chinese dynasties whose names are also rendered "Jin" in Pinyin, see Jin Dynasty [3]

He is also noted for his sponsorship of the arts. In 1114 Emperor Yejong sent a request to the Song Dynasty Emperor Huizong asking for Chinese musical instruments to be sent to his palace in the Goryeo capital of Gaeseong, so that he could conduct Confucian rituals in the Goryeo court. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Emperor Huizong ( November 2, 1082 – June 4, 1135) was the eighth and one of the most famous emperors of the Song Dynasty of Kaesŏng ( Gaeseong) is a city in North Hwanghae Province southern North Korea (DPRK a former Directly Governed City, and the capital of Korean Confucianism is the form of Confucianism developed in Korea. Huizong, apparently misunderstanding the request, sent a set of musical instruments to be used for royal banquet music. (Huizong had, in 1110, for political reasons, granted Yejong the status of "genuine king," and Goryeo had since then conducted itself with great deference to China. )[4] Two years later, in 1116, Yejong sent another petition in which he reiterated his request for ritual instruments, whereupon Huizong sent an even larger gift of musical instruments (this time yayue instruments, numbering 428 in total), as well as ritual dance regalia and the appropriate instructions, beginning Korea's tradition of aak. Yayue ( Chinese: 雅樂, literally "elegant music" is a form of Chinese classical music that was performed at imperial For other meanings see AAK. Aak (pronounced A'ak is a genre of Korean court music. [5]

It appears that the gifts of 1114 and 1116 were part of an attempt to gain Goryeo's loyalty against the Jurchen, but this strategy proved unsuccessful; Goryeo remained neutral and the Song capital of Kaifeng fell to the Jin in 1127, with Huizong being deported as a captive to northern Manchuria. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Manchuria ( Romanized Manchu: Manju,, Маньчжурия Mongolian: Манж is a historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast

In order to promote government education, Yejong established a foundation called the Yanghyon'go (Foundation for the Training of Talents) and stationed seven specialized lecturers at the Gukjagam who faithfully carried out this education. The Gukjagam, known at times as Gukhak or Seonggyungwan, was the highest educational institution of the Korean Goryeo dynasty [6] He also added a seventh division to the institution in 1104, providing military training. This was the first recorded occasion of a Korean dynasty providing formal training in the military arts. Due to tensions between the aristocracy and the military, it was removed from the curriculum soon after his death, in 1133.

Yejong was also interested in botany, gathering rare plants from all over Korea and sending them to China in exchange for many Chinese plants. [7] Also during his reign, the ceramic industry flourished, with Korean designs predominating over Chinese ones for the first time. [8]

Yejong's reign was characterized by a dilution of his power by strong government advisors and other officials who often squabbled among one another. [9] This, combined with the military difficulties with the Jurchen in the north, caused him to retreat further and further into his books and Daoist rituals. [10] Yejong was succeeded upon his death by his son, Injong. Injong of Goryeo (1109 &ndash 1146 r 1122-1146 was the 17th emperor of the Korean Goryeo dynasty Injong was the son of Yejong's queen, who was the second daughter of Yi Cha-gyom, the head of the Yi clan of Incheon. Incheon is a metropolitan city and a major seaport on the west coast of South Korea, near Seoul. [11]

Yejong's Veritable Records (sillok) were compiled by three historians (including the Confucian scholar Kim Bu-sik, who had been appointed as Royal Diarist, or ji, in 1121) beginning in 1123. Kim Busik (1075-1151 was an official and a scholar during Korea 's Goryeo period [12]

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