Citizendia
Your Ad Here

"Xian" redirects here. For other uses, see Xian (disambiguation).
Xī ān
西安市
长 安 Chang'an
Night view of Xi'an
Night view of Xi'an
Xi'an in Shaanx, China
Xi'an in Shaanx, China
Location of Xi'an
Location of Xi'an
Coordinates: 34°16′N 108°54′E / 34.267, 108.9
Province Shaanxi
Government
 - Type Sub-provincial city
 - CPC Xi'an Sun Qingyun (孙清云)
 - Mayor Chen Baogen (陈宝根)
Area
 - City 9,983 km² (3,854. A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess A sub-provincial city ( Chinese: 副省级城市 (or deputy-provincial city in the People's Republic of China, is a Prefecture-level city The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions we list here areas between 1000 km2 and 10000 km2 5 sq mi)
 - Land 9,983 km² (3,854. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 5 sq mi)
 - Water 0 km² (0 sq mi)
 - Urban 1,166 km² (450. 2 sq mi)
 - Yangling 94 km² (36. 3 sq mi)
Elevation 405 m (1,329 ft)
Population (2000)
 - City 2,670,000 (city proper)
 - Density 666/km² (1,724. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 9/sq mi)
 - Metro 8. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central 252 million
Time zone CST (UTC+8)
Postal code 710000 - 710090
Area code(s) +86/29
GDP (2006)
- Total ¥147,368 billion
- Per capita ¥18,493
License plate prefixes 陕A
City flower Guava flower
City tree Black locust
Website: http://www.xa.gov.cn/

Xi'an (Chinese: 西安; pinyin: Xī'ān; Wade-Giles: Hsi-An; Postal map spelling: Sian), is the capital of the Shaanxi province in the People's republic of China and a sub-provincial city. China standard time or Beijing time is the Time zone observed in the People's Republic of China ( PRC) UTC+8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Greenwich Mean Time by 8 hours A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of their total Gross This list hopes to rank cities of the People's Republic of China by GDP Per capita in Renminbi ( 人[[wikt 民|民]] 币) aka yuan The People's Republic of China issues vehicles Licence plates at its Vehicle Management Offices under the administration of the Ministry of Public Security Guava is a Genus of about 100 Species of Tropical Shrubs and small Trees in the myrtle family Myrtaceae. Black Locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia) is a Tree in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin Chinese Postal Map Romanization ( Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音 Simplified Chinese: 邮政式拼音 Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì Pīnyīn refers to the ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES A sub-provincial city ( Chinese: 副省级城市 (or deputy-provincial city in the People's Republic of China, is a Prefecture-level city As one of the most important cities in Chinese history, Xi'an is one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China because it has been the capital (under various names) of 13 dynasties, including the Zhou, Qin, Han, the Sui dynasty, and the Tang. The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Xi'an is also renowned for being the eastern terminus of the Silk Road and for the location of the Terracotta Army, made during the Qin Dynasty. The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the The Terracotta Army ( are the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang the First Emperor of China. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China The city has more than 3,100 years of history. The ancient city of Chang'an (traditional Chinese: 長安; simplified Chinese: 长安; pinyin: Cháng'ān; literally "Perpetual Peace") is within Xi'an's borders, but is offset from the existing walled city of Xi'an. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use

Since the 1990s, as part of the economic revival of interior China especially for the central and northwest regions, the City of Xi'an has re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial and educational center of the central-northwest region, with facilities for research and development, national security and China's space exploration program. China has the second-largest economy in the world with a GDP of over $ 6 The phrase research and development (also R and D or more often R&D) according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers National security is the entire scope of measures undertaken by the Governments of Nation-states in providing assurance of national Sovereignty The space program of China was initiated soon after the founding of the PRC.

Contents

Origin of Name

The two Chinese characters in the name "Xi'an" literally mean Western Peace. A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( The local Xi'anese pronunciation of Xi'an is almost the same as the Standard Mandarin pronunciation in Hanyu Pinyin. This name derives from the period of the Ming Dynasty when the city's name changed from its former title of "Chang'an". The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led In fact, the naming conventions used for the city have often changed throughout time. The city was named Fenghao (丰鎬) in the Zhou (周) Dynasty beginning around 1046 BC. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. It was renamed Chang'an (長安) during the Han (汉) Dynasty in 206 AD. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. It was then renamed as Daxing (大興) during the Sui (隋) Dynasty in 581 AD, while it was again renamed Chang'an during the Tang Dynasty beginning in 618 AD. Daxing District ( Simplified Chinese: 大兴区 Traditional Chinese: 大興區 Hanyu Pinyin: Dàxīng Qū is situated at the Suburb of south The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by It was given other names in later periods as well, such as Fengyuan (奉元), then Anxi (安西), then Jingzhao (京兆) during the Yuan (元) Dynasty. FROM OLD INFOBOX OldName= Calabash mound (葫蘆墩|AreaTotal=41 The Yuan Dynasty ( Pinyin: Yuáncháo Dai Ön Ulus (Дай Юан Улс was a ruling Dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Finally, it was named Xi'an in the year 1369 AD — the first time that it was called Xi'an — during the Ming Dynasty. It retained the name of Xi'an until 1928, until it was named Xijing (西京) in 1930. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the It was once again changed back to its Ming era name of Xi'an in the year 1943.

Xi'an's abbreviations in Chinese are Hao (鎬) or Tang (唐). The former is derived from the ancient name Fenghao of the Zhou Dynasty. The latter is derived from the name of Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by

History

Main article: History of Xi'an

Xi'an has a rich history of cultural significance, both natural and man-made. Xi'an was among the most important cities of China before 1000 CE The Lantian Man was discovered in 1963 at Lantian County (藍田县; pinyin: Lántián Xiàn), just 50 km southeast of Xi'an. Lantian Man ( Homo erectus lantianensis, formerly Sinanthropus lantianensis) was an ancestral human This finding dates back at least 500,000 years ago, and was followed by the discovery of a 5,000 year old Neolithic village at Banpo (半坡) in 1954, just outside the current city limits to the east. The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos Banpo (半坡 is an archaeological site first discovered in 1953 and located in the Yellow River Valley just east of Xi'an, China.

Qin Dynasty

Xi'an became a major cultural and industrial centre of China in 11th century BCE, with the founding of the Zhou Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. The capital of Zhou was established in Fēng (沣/灃) and Hào (镐/鎬), both located just west of contemporary Xi'an. Following the several century long Warring States Period, Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) unified China for the first time and the capital became Xianyang (咸阳), just northwest from modern Xi'an. The Warring States Period ( also known as the Era of Warring States covers the period from some time in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by the Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China This article is related to a city for the airport located in the city see Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Xianyang ( Sienyang Hsienyang Before his death, Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the construction of the Terracotta Army and his mausoleum which is located in the modern city's suburb. Qin Shi Huang ( (259 BC – September 10 210 BC personal name Yíng Zhèng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BCE to 221 BCE (during the The Terracotta Army ( are the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang the First Emperor of China.

Terracotta Army inside the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum, 3rd century BC.
Terracotta Army inside the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum, 3rd century BC. The Terracotta Army ( are the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang the First Emperor of China. Qin Shi Huang ( (259 BC – September 10 210 BC personal name Yíng Zhèng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BCE to 221 BCE (during the

Han Dynasty and the Silk Road

In 202 BCE, the founding emperor Liu Bang of the Han Dynasty established Chang'an County as the capital; his first palace Changle Palace (长乐宫/長樂宮, perpetual happiness) was built across the river from the ruin of the Qin capital. Events By place Carthage Accused of treason by the Carthaginians after being defeated by the Romans at the Battle of the Early life Liú Bāng was born into a lower class farming family in Pei (present Pei County in Jiangsu Province) The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. This is traditionally regarded as the founding date of Chang'an, or Xi'an. Two years later, Liu Bang would build Weiyang Palace (未央宫) north of modern Xi'an. Weiyang Palace (未央宫 was a palace complex located near the city of Chang'an (modern day Xi'an) The original Xi'an city wall was started in 194 BCE, the construction took 4 years to finish and the wall measured 25. 7 km in length, 12-16 m in thickness at the base. The area within the wall was ca. 36 km². In year 190, amidst uprisings and rebellions just prior to the Three Kingdoms Period, a powerful warlord named Dong Zhuo moves the court from Luoyang to Chang'an in a bid to avoid a coalition of other powerful warlords against him. The Three Kingdoms period ( is a period in the History of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of Dong Zhuo (died May 22, 192) was a powerful warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China.

The Han Dynasty saw the rise of the Silk Road, a great transcontinental route linking the Roman Empire in the West with the imperial court of China in the East. The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the The ancient route started at Chang’an (the ancient name of Xi'an), the capital of the Han Dynasty, reached the Yellow River at Lanzhou, then skirted westward along deserts and mountains before dividing into three routes at the oasis of Dunhuang. Walking through Xinjiang, brave ancient merchants traveled westward all the way to Rome.

Sui Dynasty

After a period of disunion, Sui Dynasty united the country again in 582 and the emperor ordered a new capital to be built southeast of the Han capital, called Daxing (大兴/大興, great excitement). The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. Events By Place Byzantine Empire Maurice succeeds Tiberius II Constantine as Emperor It consisted of three sections: the Xi'an Palace, the Imperial City, and the civilian section. Xi'an Palace was the palace of the Sui Dynasty and built under the order of the Emperor in 582. The total area within the wall was 84 km², The main street Zhuque Avenue measured 155 m in width. It was the largest city in the world.

Tang Dynasty

The city was renamed Chang'an in Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by In the mid-7th century, after returning from his pilgrimage to India, Buddhist monk Xuan Zang (popularly known as Tang Sanzang) established a translation centre for Sanskrit scriptures. In Religion and Spirituality, a pilgrimage is a long journey or Search of great Moral significance India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices MONK is a Monte Carlo software package for simulating nuclear processes particularly for the purpose of determining the neutron multiplication factor or k-effective See also Xuanzang (fictional character Xuanzang ( pronounced Shwan-dzang) was a famous Chinese Buddhist Monk, scholar traveler Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical

Construction of the Da Yan Pagoda (大雁塔, Giant Wild Goose Pagoda) began in 652. Giant Wild Goose Pagoda or Big Wild Goose Pagoda ( is a Buddhist pagoda located in southern Xi'an, Shaanxi province China. It measured 64 m in height. This pagoda was constructed for the storage of the translations of Buddhist sutras obtained from India by the Xuan Zang. A pagoda is the general term in the English language for a tiered Tower with multiple Eaves common in China, Japan, Korea In 707, construction of the Xiao Yan Pagoda (小雁塔, Small Wild Goose Pagoda) began, it measured 45 m in height at the time of completion. The Small Wild Goose Pagoda, sometimes Little Wild Goose Pagoda ( is one of two significant pagodas in the city of Xi'an, China, the site of The earthquake of 1556 damaged the tower and reduced its height to 43. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer 4 m.

The Huaqing Palace and the Huaqing Hot Springs has undergone four large reconstructions during its long history. The first could be dated back to the Western Zhou Dynasty of over 3,000 years ago. The second time was during the Qin Dynasty. By the time of the Western Han Dynasty it had become a popular destination for the Han emperors.

The site of the Hanyuan Hall in Daming Palace
The site of the Hanyuan Hall in Daming Palace

During the Tang Dynasty, large number of palaces were built along the mountain slopes and in the surrounding area. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. It was then renamed the “Huaqing Palace”.

The Daming Palace was commissioned and financed by Emperor Tang Taizong in 634, the 8th year of the reign of “Zhen’guan”, became a summer resort for his father, the former Tang emperor Gaozong, Li Yuan. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Emperor Taizong of Tang ( January 23, 599 &ndash July 10 649) personal name Lǐ Shìmín ( was the second emperor of the The palace is the largest to be built in the Tang dynasty, roughly 4. 5 times larger than the forbidden city in Beijing. The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial Palace from the mid- Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. The Hanyuan Hall served as the main hall of the Daming Palace and it was used by the emperor to handle his routine affairs and grant audiences to officials or foreign envoys. The original survey indicated that the hall was built on a terrace over 3 meters high and extends some 75. 9 meters in length from east to west and 42. 3 meters in width from north to south.

The Xingqing Palace was once a palace built for the Emperor Xuanzong and the Lotus Palace which was once famous for its beautiful sceneries.

During the Tang Dynasty, Japanese overseas students arrived in Chang'an to study the ways of the Tang dynasty. When they went back to Japan, they brought with them books, religion, technologies, and Chinese characters (on which Japanese characters are based). Some Japanese even lived out their lives in Chang'an. Following the Japanese envoys was Kukai who came to Chang'an in 804; he first stayed in the Ximing Temple and later followed Monk Huiguo of the Blue Dragon Temple to study Esoteric Buddhism. Kūkai (ja 空海 or also known posthumously as Kōbō-Daishi (ja 弘法大師 774&ndash835 CE was a Japanese monk, Scholar He returned to Japan in 806 after he had finished his studies and established the True Word Sect of Buddhism in Japan and finally became a great master in establishing the "Eastern Esotericism".


Chang'an was largely destroyed at the end of the Tang Dynasty in 904. Residences were forced to move to the new capital city in Luoyang. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Only a small area in the city continued to be occupied after the destruction.

Ming Dynasty

During the Ming Dynasty, the 3rd year of Emperor Hongwu's reign, a new wall was constructed in 1370 . The new wall and a moat outside the walls protect a much smaller city measures 11. 9 km in circumference, 12 m in height, and 15-18 m in thickness at the base. It is the most intact city wall in the world.

Modern History

In late Qing Dynasty, foreign troops attacked Beijing. The empress dowager Cixi escaped from Beijing to Xi'an, living in Huaqing Palace at Lishan. Local officials wanted to please her and built a building named Liangbao Lou (亮宝楼)on West Street for the purpose of holding her jewels.

In 1936, just before the final outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, but during a period when Japan occupied much of Dongbei (NE China), the famous "Xi'an Incident" took place inside the city walls. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the Northeast China ( is a geographical region of China. It is separated from Russia largely by the Amur, Argun, and Ussuri rivers from The Xi'an Incident of December 1936 ( is an important episode of Chinese modern history, taking place in the city of Xi'an during the Chinese Civil War General Yang Hucheng and General Zhang Xueliang ("The Young Marshall") arrested Chiang Kai-shek in order to force him to cooperate with the forces led by his enemy Mao Zedong in fighting the Japanese. Yang Hucheng ( ( 26 November 1893 &ndash 6 September 1949) was a Chinese Warlord during the Warlord Era Zhang Xueliang or Chang Hsüeh-liang ( English occasionally Peter Hsueh Liang Chang) ( 3 June 1901 (according to other accounts in Chiang Kai-shek ( POJ: Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k Jyutping: zoeng2gaai3sek6 GCB ( October 31, 1887 &ndash Mao Zedong ( 26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Military and political leader who led The result was a temporary truce between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China and a shaky coordination in the fighting against the Japanese. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the The Empire of Japan ( {{unicode|Kyūjitai}}: ja 大日本帝國 Shinjitai: ja 大日本帝国 pronounced Dai Nippon Teikoku

Geography and Climate

Xi'an lies on the Guanzhong Plain in the central part of China with the average elevation of 400 meters above sea level. Guanzhong ( 關中) ( lit Center of Passes or Guanzhong Plain historically refers to an area that was closed by Hangu Pass to the east Dasan Pass Its annual precipitation is 1100 millimeters. The urban area of Xi'an is located at 34°16′N, 108°56′E

Xi'an is nested between a flood plain created by the eight surrounding rivers and streams, most of which are too polluted to be used as sources of fresh water. The Hei river provides potable water to the city.

The city borders the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains to the south, and the banks of the Wei River to the north. The Qinling Mountains ( are a major Mountain range located mainly in the Eastern province of Shaanxi, in China. The Wei River ( Simplified Chinese:渭河 Pinyin: Wei He Wade-Giles: Wei Ho is a River in west-central China and is the largest Hua Shan, one of the five sacred Taoist mountains, is located 100 km away to the east of the city. Hua Shan (Simplified 华山 Traditional 華山 PinyinHuà Shān is located in the Shaanxi Province, about 100 kilometres east of the city of Xi'an, near

In the beginning of Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Zhang Liang suggested the emperor, Liu Bang, to choose Guanzhong as the capital area of Han: 'Guanzhong Plain, which is located behind Xiao Pass and Hangu Pass, connects Long Plain and Shu Plain. Land, of thousands miles and rich in harvest, can be found here, as if this place is belongs to the nation of the heaven. ' ("关中左崤函, 右陇蜀, 沃野千里, 此所谓金城千里, 天府之国也" 《史记·留侯世家》) Since then, Guanzhong is also known as 'Nation of the Heaven'.

National Time Service Centre

Its Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory was established in 1966. In 1975, according to the Geodetic Origin Report, the People's Republic of China: 'in order to avoid bias in the mensuration as much as possible, the Geodetic Origin would better in central mainland China. ' Jingyang (泾阳), a town near Xi'an was chosen. Since 1986, Chinese Standard Time(CST) has lauched from NTSC. The location of NTSC at Jingyang is 36km away from Xi'an. It is 880km to the North boundary, 2500km to the Northeast, 1000km to the East, 1750km to the South, 2250km to the Southwest, 2930km to the West, and 2500km to the Northwest.

National Time Service Center (NTSC), the Chinese Academy of Sciences is an institute which is mainly engaged in the service and research on time and frequency. NTSC takes charge of generating and maintaining the national standard time scale, disseminating the time and frequency signals. The autonomous standard time scales of universal time and atomic time and the dissemination techniques with LF radio and HF radio were established successively during 1970’s and 1980’s, which meet all the requirements for different applications on the whole, such as the scientific researches, national economy, etc. [1]

Average Temperature

Xi'an has a continental climate. The region is characterized by long, hot summers, and cold, dry winters. Spring and autumn are brief in between. Xi'an receives most of its annual precipitation from August to late October in the form of rain. Summer seasons also experience frequent but short thunderstorms.

Weather averages for Xi'an, China
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Average high °C (°F) 3. 9 (39) 7. 2 (45) 12. 7 (55) 20 (68) 25 (77) 30 (86) 30. 6 (87) 29. 4 (85) 24. 4 (76) 18. 9 (66) 11. 1 (52) 5. 6 (42)
Average low °C (°F) -3. 9 (25) -1. 1 (30) 3. 9 (39) 10 (50) 14. 4 (58) 19. 4 (67) 21. 7 (71) 21. 1 (70) 16. 1 (61) 10. 6 (51) 3. 2 (38) -2. 2 (28)
Source: Weatherbase[2] February 2007

Demographics

At the end of 2005, Xi'an had a population of 8. 07 million. [3] Compared to the census conducted in 2000, the population increased by 656,700 persons from 7. 41 million. [3] There were 4. 17 million (51. 66%) males and 3. 90 million (48. 34%) females. [3] For every 100 females in the city there were 106. 88 males. [3] The district with the most population is YanTa Qu, with 1. 08 million inhabitants. [3]

The majority of Xi'an residents are Han Chinese, which make up 99. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. 1% of the city's total population. There are around 81,500 ethnic minorities living in Xi'an, including 50,000 Muslim Hui people, many of them concentrated in the famous Muslim quarter, which is also home to the beautiful 1,360 year old Great Mosque of Xi'an. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. The Great Mosque of Xi'an (西安大清真寺 located near the Drum Tower (Gu Lou on Huajue Lane of Xi'an, Shaanxi province China, is one of the

During World War II, Xi'an became a destination for many refugees from other provinces of China, especially the neighboring Henan Province, as Xi'an was quite far inland and the invading Japanese army only managed a few aerial assaults on the city. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country As a result, Xi'an suffered minimal destruction. After 1949, the central governmental aimed to balance the development in different regions of China, factories and universities were moved from other cities to Xi'an, including Xi'an Jiaotong University from Shanghai. Xi'an Jiaotong University ( abbreviated Xi Jiao Da (西交大"Jiao Da"(交大 or XJTU) also known as Xi'an Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Like other major Chinese cities, Xi'an receives a fair number of migrant workers from the rural areas every year.

Subdivision

Xi'an is subdivided into 13 districts. [4]. (Population dues to 2004)

The urban and suburban areas of the city are divided into seven (7) districts:

District Population (2000 census) Area (km²)
Beilin District (碑林区: Bēi Lín Qū) 700,000 22. 0
Yanta District (雁塔区: Yàn Tǎ Qū) 690,000 152. 0
Weiyang District (未央区: Wèi Yāng Qū) 410,000 26. 1
Baqiao District (灞桥区: Bà Qiáo Qū) 450,000 32. 2
Xincheng District (新城区: Xīn Chéng Qū) 490,000 31. 0
Lianhu District (莲湖区: Lián Hú Qū) 600,000 38. 00
Chang'an District (长安区 : Cháng ān Qū),Chang'an Xian until 12th,Sep,2002 930,000 1583
City proper + inner suburbs 4. 27 million 1,884. 3

The following two(2) districts encompass the more distant suburbs and satellite towns, constituting part of the metropolitan area:

District Population (2000 census) Area (km²)
Yanliang District (阎良区: Yán Liáng Qū) 240,000 240. 0
Lintong District (临潼区: Lín Tóng Qū) 670,000 898. 0
Outer suburbs 0. 91 million 1,138. 0

The other four(4) districts and the two counties located further out govern semirural and rural areas:

District Population (2000 census) Area (km²)
Lantian County (蓝田县: Lán Tián Xiàn) 640,000 1,977. 0
Zhouzhi County (周至县: Zhōu Zhì Xiàn) 630,000 2,956. 0
Hu County (户县:Hù Xiàn) 590,000 1,213. 0
Gaoling County (高陵县: Gāo Líng Xiàn) 230,000 290
Peripheral areas 2. 09 million 6,436. 0

Transportation and infrastructure

Underpass around the Bell Tower
Underpass around the Bell Tower
Xi'an Railway Station
Xi'an Railway Station

For a large metropolis Xi'an has many areas that are easily accessible on foot. At many heavily zoned commercial, residential, educations areas in the city, there are underpasses or overpasses for the safety and convenience of pedestrians, especially in the shopping and entertainment districts around the Bell Tower. However many intersections still lack sufficiently visible traffic lights and the right-of-way is virtually non-existent except at large intersections with traffic police and signals.

There has been a significant increase in the number of privately-owned vehicles to the middle and upper class households in Xi'an. Electrical bikes are very popular among students and offer easy transportation in and around the city for many residents. Taxi services are numerous but many citizens of Xi'an still commute to work on one of more than 200 bus routes.

Subway

Main article: Xi'an Subway

Currently there are major construction works along Chang An street for the first subway system in Xi'an, designed with 6 lines, to be completed by 2020. Xi'an Subway is a metro system currently under construction to serve the city of Xi'an, the Capital of Shaanxi province in People's

The 2nd route will start to be built in 2009, while rest of the routes are planned to start in 2013 and finish around 2020.

Taxi

The taxis are mostly Santana made in Shanghai, BYD auto made in Xi'an and Citroen made in Wuhan. Taxis work 24 hours a day, managed by the Taxi Management Bureau of Xi'an City which records complaints. Customers are charged by meter.

Train

The Xi-Bao Express Train, CRH2
The Xi-Bao Express Train, CRH2

There are 6 passenger transport railway stations in Xi'an at present, and Xi'an Railway Station is one of the eight most important railway stations nationally. Xi'an Railway Station is the main railway station serving the city. Others include Xi'an West, Xi'an East, Xi'an South,Sanmincun, Fangzhicheng railway stations. Xi'an North Railway Station is under construction.

Xi'an Railway Station covers 597 thousand square meters, has 5 passenger platforms, and 24 tracks. It provides 112 services to 80 thousand people daily. There are services from Xi'an to Zhengzhou, from Xi'an to Lanzhou, from Xi'an to Baoji,and from Xi'an to Mount Hua. CRH2(China Railway High-speed 2) is an express service running from Xi'an to Baoji, with a total running time is less than 90 minutes.

Expressways

ZhongNan Tunnel
ZhongNan Tunnel
Xi-Han Expressway
Xi-Han Expressway

Xi'an currently has two ring road systems, the Second Ring road and the Third Ring road encircle the city. These ring roads are almost built like freeways, except that there are traffic signals on the Second Ring road.

As a famous tourist city, Xi'an has built expressways to Lintong, Tongchuan and Baoji, with high class roads built to famous scenic spots in its suburban counties and on the north slope of the Qin Mountains. Expressways spread in all directions from Xi'an. Since September 2007, the newly completed Xi-Han Expressway connects Han Zhong and Xi'an through the Qinling Mountains. For the famous city of China, see Hanzhong. Han Zhong (? - 184 was a high ranking general serving under the Yellow Turbans during The ZhongNan Shan Tunnel is the longest tunnel in Asia at 15 kilometers long.

Airport

Xi'an Xianyang International Airport.
Xi'an Xianyang International Airport.

Xi'an Xianyang International Airport is the major airport serving the city and is the largest airport in the northwest region of China. Xi'an Xianyang International Airport ( serves Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. The airport is located to the northwest of the city, between Xi'an and Xianyang. This article is related to a city for the airport located in the city see Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Xianyang ( Sienyang Hsienyang Chang'an Airlines and China Eastern Airlines are the main airport tenants. Chang’an Airlines Co Ltd (长安航空 is an Airline based in Xi'an, Shaanxi, the People's Republic of China. China Eastern Airlines Corporation Limited ( () is an Airline based in Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

International Routes: There are direct flights from Xi'an to many major cities in Asia, including Singapore, Bangkok, Tokyo, Osaka, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kyoto, Hong Kong, Seoul, and Pusan. Singapore Bangkok, known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (krūŋtʰêːp máhǎːnákʰɔn) or Krung Thep ( for short is the Capital, largest officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of Honshū is the fifth-largest city in Japan by population It is the capital of Hokkaidō Prefecture, located in Ishikari Subprefecture, and an is the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture and is situated on the northern shore of the island of Kyūshū in Japan, across (IPA /kʲoːto / is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Seoul ( soʊl is the Capital and largest City of South Korea.

Germany's Fraport, the operator of Frankfurt Airport, has paid 490 million yuan to obtain a 24. Fraport AG ( is the German transport company which operates the Frankfurt International Airport serving Frankfurt am Main and the smaller Frankfurt-Hahn Frankfurt am Main International Airport, known in German as Flughafen Frankfurt am Main or Rhein-Main-Flughafen and in rest of Europe 5-percent stake in the Xianyang International Airport, offering opportunities to upgrade and expand the facility.

Culture

Keji Road at night/new centre
Keji Road at night/new centre

The culture of Xi'an is inherited from the traditions of one of the world's earliest civilizations. The Guanzhong Ren (关中人/關中人) were the cultural antecedent of Xi'anese, their cultural features are drawn from the Ten Specialities of Guanzhong Ren (关中十大怪/關中十大怪). Guanzhong ( 關中) ( lit Center of Passes or Guanzhong Plain historically refers to an area that was closed by Hangu Pass to the east Dasan Pass Another major part of this culture is Eight Great Sights of Chang'an (长安八景/長安八景), storied scenic areas in the region.

Architecture

Seven styles of architecture predominate in urban Xi'an, the first three which include the architecture of Qin and Han Dynasties (秦汉风格), the architecture of Tang Dynasty (唐风) and at last the architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties (明清风格). These three styles are all Chinese traditional, but they could be differed from the colors of the roof and certain details. For Qin and Han Style, the roof is black, and no decorations are used under the roof. For Tang style, people began to use a lot of the colour red but still prefer the black or dark green roof, and the buildings were all divine and huge to show off the power of the country; when the history went into Ming and Qing dynasties, roof's color changed to yellow, and people value tremendously on details, such as drawings and prints under the roof.

After Qing dynasty, it's Republic of China style (民国风格) before PRC was established; it is perhaps best exemplified by the People's Showplace. REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Then, there is what is sometimes referred to as the Sino-Soviet style (苏式风格), built between the 1950s and the 1970s, which was under the help of U.S.S.R., mostly centralized in the western part of the city where there are lots of factories. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Also, there are much more modern architectural forms (现代风格) — most notably in the areas of High-Tech Zone and Economic-Development zone.

At present, a new Chinese architectural form called New Tang Style (新唐风) can be mainly found in Qujiang (曲江), which inherits the soul of tradition and develops itself on the base of modern architecture; Shaanxi History Museum and Xi'an Museum are examples of this style.

The gallery below shows you the differences directly:

Qin and Han Style, Epang Palace, Xi'an

Tang style, Blue Dragon Temple, Xi'an

Ming and Qing style, Chenghuang Miao, the West Street, Xi'an

Republic style, Renming theater, the North Street, Xi'an

"Sino-Sov" style, China Telecom, the North Street, Xi'an

Modern style, the 5th International Plaza, Weiyang Road, Xi'an

New Tang Style, Tang Paradise, Xi'an

Classical Folk House,Gao Mansion, Beiyuan Men, Xi'an

Drama and literature

The drama of the original Xi'anese culture, Qinqiang (秦腔, Voice of Qin) is the oldest and most extensive Chinese Opera of the four major types of Chinese opera. Qinqiang (秦腔 Pinyin: Qínqiāng or Luantan ( 亂彈, Pinyin: Luàntán is the representative folk Chinese opera of the northwest It is also "random pluck"(乱弹), is the main type of drama in Shaanxi area and also the most ancient existing one in dramatic arts of the country. As the earliest ancestor of Beijing Opera, Yu Opera, Chuan Opera and Hebei Opera, it has formed its own system with unique vocal music, spoken parts, types of facial makeup, posture, role, category and acting. It can be traced to Xi Qinqiang (西秦腔, Voice of West Qin) in Qin Dynasty. It went on to blossom until Qing Dynasty, and influenced Jingju (京剧, Chinese Opera) directly. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China Beijing opera or Peking opera ( is a form of traditional Chinese theatre which combines music vocal performance mime dance and acrobatics Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back

The dialect of Xi'an, Shaanxi Hua, is strongly influenced by Standard Mandarin. However, it still retains a lot of grammar and pronunciation from the Classical Chinese.

Yisu She (易俗社) is one of the oldest Drama society in China. Today it is still vigorous.

Contemporary writers like Chen Zhongshi (陈忠实), Lu Yao (路遥), Jia Pingwa (贾平凹), who contributed greatly to Chinese literature, are also from Xi'an. Jia Pingwa (贾平凹 Chinese novelist born 21 February 1952 in Shangluo in Shaanxi province

Art, music, film and others

Tang Style musical performance in Xi'an
Tang Style musical performance in Xi'an

Chang'an School (长安画派) is a very important modern Chinese school of traditional arts. Main artists are Zhao Wangyun (赵望云), Shilu (石鲁), He Haixia (何海霞), Liu Wenxi (刘文西)。Zhao and Shi are outstanding. They are the masters of Chang'an School.

Transformation of workshops in Spinning Town,Xi'an
Transformation of workshops in Spinning Town,Xi'an

Much like Beijing 798 and Shanghai 1933, Xi'an has an art district called Spinning town (纺织城). 798 Art Zone ( or Dashanzi Art District, is a part of Dashanzi in the Chaoyang District of Beijing that houses a thriving Artist It's not an actual town and the name derives from the fact that, since the 1950s, there are several big spinning factories there; the population in that area is almost equal to a town. Today it is no longer a centre for the spinning industry but a new art factory with A,B,C and D--4 big workshops in total. Since March 2007, more than 40 artists have taken a part in these. It is thought as a signal of new creative industry in Xi'an.

Xi'an is also known for its Rock Music. Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. It's one of the vigorous underground musical centres in China, the other three are Beijing, Kunming and Chengdu, and home to some contemporary Chinese Stars such as Xuwei (许巍), Zhangchu (张楚), Zhengjun (郑均).

Not only Zhang Yimou (张艺谋) and Gu Changwei (顾长卫) are directors from Xi'an, but Xi'an is also the only city in China to win the Golden Bear (Berlin Film Festival) twice. Zhang Yimou (born November 14 1951 is an internationally acclaimed Chinese Filmmaker and former Cinematographer. Gu Changwei ( (born December 12, 1957) is a Chinese Cinematographer and Film director. For other uses related to the "Golden Bear" see the Golden bears disambiguation page According to legend the Golden Bear was The first film is Red Sorghum; the second one is Tuya's Marriage. Red Sorghum ( is a 1987 Chinese film about a young woman's life working on a Distillery for sorghum liquor. Tuya's Marriage ( is a 2006 Chinese film directed by Wang Quan'an. They are produced by Xi'an Filmmaking Factory (now called Xi'an Qujiang Filmmaking Group) and Xi'an Filmmaking company respectively.

Chinese main economists graduated from North Western University such as Zhang Weiying (张维迎), Zhang Shuguang (张曙光), Weijie (魏杰), Liu Shijin (刘世锦), Songze (宋则), Fenglun (冯仑), Feng Zongsu (冯宗苏), Zou Dongtao (邹东涛), Li Yiping (李义平), Zhuo Zhonghai (左中海); Zhang Chaoyang (张朝阳), the CEO of SOHU company, is the leader in the field of Chinese Internet.

Exchange

Lantern Festival on the city wall, every 15th January (lunar calendar)
Lantern Festival on the city wall, every 15th January (lunar calendar)
Christmas Eve, Xi'an
Christmas Eve, Xi'an

Both traditional customs and exotic ones are popular in Xi'an. The picture on the left shows the Lantern Show on Yuanxiao Jie (元宵节). The right one is about Christmas Eve in Xi'an. It is almost a new Carnival for young people. On Christmas Eve, students in the Universities go out together to celebrate until mid-night, it's not the same as it is in the West, but a special day for people to relax and have some fun with their friends. It seems more exciting when it happens in the oldest city in the East.

A Poetic City

The number of poems that describe the beauty of the city in history are countless

Romance

In Chinese history, many renowned love stories happened in the city.

The 1st one is a legend about Niulang (牛郎) and Zhinu (织女). Niulang is a common cattle man while Zhinu is a fairy in the heaven. They loved each other but this relationship was not allowed. So they received a punishment, they could only meet each other on 7th, July (Chinese lunar calendar) on the bridge over galaxy (galaxy was considered as a river in the sky). They still have their stone statues in Xi'an, which were built in Han Dynasty by the side of Kunming Lake (has already disappeared).

The 2nd one is the story between Tang Xuanzong (玄宗) and Yang Yuhuan (a dauphine of Xuanzong) (杨玉环) happened in Tang Dynasty. Consort Yang Yuhuan (楊玉環 ( June 1, 719 &mdash July 15, 756) often known as Yáng Guìfēi ( (with Guifei being the highest

Some other great love stories. . .

Another one happened at Hanyao (寒窑), Qing Dynasty, where the spoony woman was famous for waiting her lover for over 18 years.

Cuisine

Because of its long development as a culture, the cuisine of Xi'an is extensive as well. It is the representative of food of Northwestern China. The most well known local food is the Xianese snack, which consists of both traditional food of the Han Chinese and Hui ethnic minority. Chinese cuisine ( Traditional Chinese: 中國菜 Simplified Chinese: 中国菜 originated from the various regions of China and has become widespread in Hui-style snacks feature beef and mutton because the Hui people, being Muslims, do not eat pork. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. Baked beef and mutton, buns with beef, and other such regional dishes that are usually spicy in nature and incorporate a lot of beef and mutton ingredients. Han-style snacks are popular across China, consisting of meat with pancakes and noodles. Cool noodles, made of rice or wheat, taste spicy and great. A historical famous Xi'an dish is pancakes and mutton soup, which can be traced back to the Song (宋) Dynasty.

Xi'an Dumplings Banquet

Xi'an Dumplings Banquet (德发长) is renowned throughout the city. It has already served dozens of Presidents who came to Xi'an, including Bill Clinton. Basically, 32 different types of dumplings for each customer, but if one would like to taste more, there are also a lot options, more than 120 types are waiting for diners.

There is also a famous cultural noodle dance when a chef, instead of rolling out noodles, waves a long strip of dough around in a dance before cooking the noodles.

Religion

Buddhism

Buddhism was first introduced to China in the Han Dynasty. Then, it matured by absorbing Chinese elements, for example, it's combined with local ethics and local religion such as Daojiao together. Many classical scriptures were brought from India by Monk Xuanzang (玄奘)in the Tang Dynasty, and he contributed a lot to the translation project. See also Xuanzang (fictional character Xuanzang ( pronounced Shwan-dzang) was a famous Chinese Buddhist Monk, scholar traveler Today, His tomb is still in the rural area of Xi'an, and his statue is facing to Giant Wild Goose Pagoda. Giant Wild Goose Pagoda was used for storaging the Scriptures. Buddhism in China is slightly different from India Buddhism and influenced Asian Buddhism deeply, it's called Chinese Buddhism (汉传佛教). Some of them were spread to Japan, Korea, and Southeast Asia.

Chinese Buddhism could be grouped into northern Buddhism and southern Buddhism. It's also divided into eight branches (schools) by different perceptions on Buddhism; six of these schools were born in Chang'an. At present, these six schools' founder temples (祖庭) (founder: the first master of school) are still in Xi'an.

Six schools are Sanlun Zong (三论宗), Huayan Zong (华严宗), Faxiang Zong (法相宗), Lu Zong (律宗), Jingtu Zong (净土宗) and Mi Zong (密宗). Sanlun ( or literally Three Treatise School (sanlunzong 三论宗was a Chinese school of Buddhism based upon the Indian Madhyamaka The Huayan school ( Japanese: Kegon; Sanskrit: Avataṃsaka) or Flower Garland is a tradition of Mahayana Buddhist Dharma-character school (Chinese 法相宗 Pinyin fa xiang zong, Japanese Hossō is the pejorative name for a stream of thought that represented the Indian This page is about the school of Buddhism You may have meant Ritsu Sohma, the anime character Pure Land Buddhism ( Jìngtǔzōng; 浄土教 Jōdokyō; Korean: ko-Hang 정토종 jeongtojong; Vietnamese: 浄土宗 vi Their Founder's Temple (祖庭) are Caotang Temple (草堂寺), Huayan Temple (华严寺), Da Ci'en Temple (大慈恩寺), Jingye Temple (净业寺), Xiangji Temple (香积寺), Da Xingshan Temple (大兴善寺）.

Address List of 6 founder's temples:

Other Temples:

Tibetan Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism is substantially different from Buddhism in other regions in China. Sanlun ( or literally Three Treatise School (sanlunzong 三论宗was a Chinese school of Buddhism based upon the Indian Madhyamaka The Huayan school ( Japanese: Kegon; Sanskrit: Avataṃsaka) or Flower Garland is a tradition of Mahayana Buddhist Dharma-character school (Chinese 法相宗 Pinyin fa xiang zong, Japanese Hossō is the pejorative name for a stream of thought that represented the Indian This page is about the school of Buddhism You may have meant Ritsu Sohma, the anime character Pure Land Buddhism ( Jìngtǔzōng; 浄土教 Jōdokyō; Korean: ko-Hang 정토종 jeongtojong; Vietnamese: 浄土宗 vi Vajrayana Buddhism is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayana, Mantranaya, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and Famen Temple ( Chinese: 法门寺 Pinyin: Fǎmén Sì is located in Famen town Fufeng County, 120 kilometer west of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Xingjiao Temple ( Chinese: 兴教寺 Pinyin: Xīngjiào Sì is located in Shaoling Yuan Chang'an District, 20 kilometers south of Xi'an City See also Xuanzang (fictional character Xuanzang ( pronounced Shwan-dzang) was a famous Chinese Buddhist Monk, scholar traveler Jianfu Temple ( Chinese: 荐福寺 Pinyin: Jiànfú Sì is located on West Youyi Rd Guangren Temple (广仁寺) located in Shuncheng Lane, Xi'an, is consecrated to Princess Wencheng(文成公主) (Tang Dynasty) who married the leader of Tibet. Princess Wencheng ( Tibetan: Mung-chang Kungco Chinese: 文成公主 Pinyin: Wénchéng Gōngzhǔ (d She promoted the relationship between Tang and Tibet, and brought Tang technology to Tibet at that time. The temple was established during the second year of the Kangxi (1663), by the Kangxi Emperor, in order to establish Qing claims to Tibet. Inclusion of the temple within the city, which at the time had the second largest garrison of Manchu soldiers, demonstrated the unity of the empire in a single geographic space.

Islam

Daojiao

Besides Buddhism, Xi'an is also an important place for Chinese local religion Taoism (道教). It has a founder's 'Daoguan' (道观) as well. 'Daoguan' is like a temple, a church or a monsque,just a specific name of place. Louguan tai (楼观台) is Daojiao's first Daoguan. Another 3 famous Daoguans in urban area of Xi'an are Eight Immortals An (八仙庵), Chenghuang Miao (城隍庙) and Xiangzi Miao (湘子庙). The City God Temple of Shanghai ( is a temple in the old city of Shanghai, China, and is today the central feature of a large retail and entertainment In Daojiao's legend, Eight Immortals (八仙) once stayed there so it's called ‘八仙庵’ ( 'An'and'Miao' also mean 'Daoguan').

Roman Catholicism

Commerce

Maison Mode
Maison Mode
Keji Road
Keji Road

There are three commercial centres in the city. The most important one revolves around the Bell tower commercial circle, covering an area about 1km2 which includes the West Street, the East Street, the South Street and Jiefang Road varies from each other. The east street is the main street. Ginwa is a local advanced shopping centre. It also has branches in Beijing and Urumqi. Ürümchi or Ürümqi, sometimes spelled Wulumuqi (English uːˈruːmtʃi ئۈرۈمچی|Ürümchi) is the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Golden Eagle, which comes from Nanjing, is the group's first northern shopping centre. Parkson is a Malaysian brand, with more than 40 stores in Mainland China. Parkson ( is a popular Department store company in Malaysia which offers items at a medium rate For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Mansion Mode, based in Hong Kong has five stores in Shanghai, Xi'an, Chongqing, Beijing and Chengdu.

List of large shopping centres that already on business:

Luomashi Shopping Mall, the East Street, Xi'an

Novo, the South Street, Xi'an

Parkson, Xiaozhai, Xi'an

Starbucks near Bell Tower, Xi'an

Economy

Xi'an is the largest industrial center in China's mid-west and northwest. Xi'an has also consistently received one of the largest foreign direct investment amounts among cities in western China. The amount of import-export done by the industrial sector make up more than 60% of the city's total trading volume. As much as 97% of the industries in Xi'an is manufacturing.

Euro-Asia Economic Forum, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)

Euro-Asia Economic Forum (欧亚经济论坛) is directly under the SCO. It's held every two years in China. Xi'an is its permanent site selection in China.

In 2007, 33 international groups and enterprises participated in the Euro-Asia Forum, 20 of which were Fortune 500 companies. Please do not add the complete list of fortune 500 companies The list is copyrighted by Fortune which makes money by selling the content Attendees of the forum included Deutsche Bank, UBS and one of the largest funds in the world, Franklin Templeton Investments. Deutsche Bank AG (literally "German Bank" ˈdɔɪtʃə,) is an international Universal bank with a broad private clients franchise headquartered in Franklin Resources Inc is an Investment firm originally founded in New York in 1947 as Franklin Distributors Inc BP and US Asian American Gas, Inc. BP plc, previously known as British Petroleum, is the third largest global Energy company, a multinational oil company (" Oil major from the energy sector; Time Warner Inc. Time Warner Inc ( is the world's largest media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered in New York City. and US News Corporation from the media sector. News Corporation (often abbreviated to News Corp) (,,) is one of the world's largest media conglomerate companies by Market capitalisation Upon estimation, 10 of the Fortune 500 companies were from the United States. Moreover, senior management from Siemens, LG, SK and Goldman Sachs also attended the forum. The Goldman Sachs Group Inc, or simply Goldman Sachs ( is a large global Bank holding company that engages in Investment banking securities Jiang Jiemin, general manager of China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation and Shu Yinbiao, deputy general manager of National Grid also attended the forum. Sinopec, or the China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation (,) () is one of the major Petroleum companies in China.

Fair

the largest fair in Xi'an is the Investment & Trade Fair for Cooperation between East & West China. It's successfully held each March since 1996.

Software,outsourcing industry and BPO

CBD, Tangyan Road, Xi'an
CBD, Tangyan Road, Xi'an

Xi'an, as a pioneer in software industry in China, has been retaining a sustainable and booming economy, which in turn upbores the development of software industry.

In 2005, the production value of software industry reached RMB 8. 2 billion Yuan, with export revenue up to $US 42 million.

In recent years, service outsourcing industry in Xi'an has maintained robust growth. The outstanding contractor enterprises, rich human resources and preferential policies have paved a solid foundation for Xi'an to realize the objective of becoming the capital for service outsourcing. '

The third session of the annual China International BPO Conference, one of the most professional international conferences in software service outsourcing, began in Xi'an, the capital of Northwest China's Shaanxi province on October 26, 2006

Xi'an as a second-tier city in China after the likes of Beijing and Shanghai already has a track record in the BPO field. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. And the local government is putting muscle behind the words in tax incentives and other incentives to companies that set up shop there and to professionals that choose to make their home in the district.

The Silicon. com article goes on to say, "But Xi'an is selling on its own merits - with a large pool of cheap human resources from the 100 universities in the area, it hoovers up around 3,000 computer graduates every year, each earning approximately $120 a month - half the wages for the equivalent job in Beijing. " People's Daily Bureau of Commerce of Xi'an Municipal Government

Game industry

The largest net bar of the world with more than 3000 computers is located in Xi'an. As one of the biggest educational centres throughout the nation, because of the huge amount of undergraduate students, online games are very popular in the area. Xi'an has already hosted worldwide game competitions such as ACON5, CEG2006, and WCG2006.

BYD AUTO

BYD AUTO is a subsidiary of BYD Company Ltd. , which is a listed company in Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Xi'an BYD auto company is a branch of BYD COMPANY. BYD Company Ltd. made its debut from less than 30 people in 1995 and became the second largest rechargeable battery producer in the world in 2003.

Aerospace industry

In 2008, China is constructing another civil aerospace center in the Shaanxi province after the launch of the initial Shanghai base last year a move marking China's effort in stepping up its civil aerospace industrialization. The State Development and Reform Commission approved the planning of Xi'an National Civil Aerospace Industrial Base on December 26, 2007. Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

The National Civil Aerospace Industrial Base of Xi'an, set to cover 23 square km, will focus on developing satellites, new materials, energies, IT and other technologies for the benefit of civil application.

In November 2006, Xi'an and the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation jointly set up Xi'an Aerospace Science and Technology Industrial Base. At the very beginning of the establishment of the base, the development of the civil space industry has been its focus. The main industries in Xi'an base include equipment manufacturing, software and service outsourcing, new materials and solar photovoltaics. A broader definition of a tool is an entity used to interface between two or more domains that facilitates more effective action of one domain upon the other Outsourcing is Subcontracting a process such as product design or Manufacturing, to a Third-party company Photovoltaics ( PV) is the field of technology and research related to the application of Solar cells for Energy by converting Sunlight directly

Apart from the core area, the base will cover Xi'an and the Guanzhong area (the central China) and the radiation zone will reach Northwest China and Southwest China. Guanzhong ( 關中) ( lit Center of Passes or Guanzhong Plain historically refers to an area that was closed by Hangu Pass to the east Dasan Pass Northwestern China (西北 Xīběi includes the autonomous regions of Xinjiang and Ningxia and the provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu Southwest China ( Chinese: 西南 Pinyin: Xīnán) is a region of China defined by governmental bureaus that includes the municipality It is expected that by 2012 the total industry output can reach 2. 8 billion us dollars with about 10 to 20 brand products with intellectual property rights and 5-8 products with global competitiveness.

International Events

World F1 Motorboat Championship

Discipline Classes Country Venue Date
Circuit World Formula 1 China Xi'an 05 October 2007
Circuit World Formula 1 China Shenzhen 21 October 2007

UIM

World Horticultural Expo 2011

Xi’an was granted the right to host the 2011 World Horticultural Exposition by the Association of International Producers of Horticulture (AIPH) at its 59th congress, held at Brighton, United Kingdom on September 4, 2007 The 2011 World Horti-Expo will be held from April 11 to October 11, 2011 as an exhibition of A2+B1 level, which permits local government to apply. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed 2011 ( MMXI) will be a Common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. The Expo is expected to bring some 10 million visitors to Xi’an. The venue will be located in a new district of the city, Chanba district. [5]

Tourism

High season

Long holidays are usual during Spring Festival, Labor Holiday (1st. May-7th. May), and National Holiday (1st. Oct-7th. Oct). Plus, Xi'an is more or less a northern city so the number of travellers is greater during summer (May-August). The pleasant season for visiting Xi'an is Autumn.

Sites

Major museums

Shaanxi History Museum

Han yang Tomb Museum, opened in 2006, the 1st underground modern museum in China

Forest of Steles (Xi'an beilin)

Xi'an Museum

National parks

Other parks

Hotels and lodging

Sports

Cuju is a very old football game:

Polo was once popular in China
Polo was once popular in China
Dragon Boat Festival, Ba River, Xi'an
Dragon Boat Festival, Ba River, Xi'an

It was improved during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Cuju ( tsʰuː˥˩ tɕy˧˥ is an ancient code of football with similarities to Association football. First of all, the feather-stuffed ball was replaced by an air-filled ball with a two-layered hull. Also, two different types of goalposts emerged: One was made by setting up posts with a net between them and the other consisted of just one goal post in the middle of the field. Chang'an was filled with cuju football fields, in the backyards of large mansions, and some were even established in the grounds of the palaces. A palace is a grand residence especially the home of a Head of state or some other high-ranking Public figure. . . The level of female cuju teams also improved. Records indicate that once a 17-year-old girl beat a team of army soldiers. Cuju football became popular amongst the scholars and intellectuals, and if a courtier lacked skill in the game, he could pardon himself by acting as a scorekeeper.

Professional sports teams in Xi'an include:

Xi'an is also the Chinese Boxing training base for national team. The Chinese Football Association Super League ( Simplified Chinese: 中国足球协会超级联赛 commonly known as Chinese Super League (中超联赛 or CSL The Chinese Basketball Association ( CBA; Chinese 中国男子篮球职业联赛 is the premier professional Basketball league in China. The Shaanxi Gaitianli Kylins ( Simplified Chinese: 陕西盖天力麒麟 Pinyin: Shǎnxī Gàitiānlì Qílín or Shaanxi Gaitianli or Shaanxi

Media

Television and radio

Printed media

Sister cities

Xi'an's sister cities are:

Consulates

Colleges and universities

Xi'an is known as one of the academic centers in China. The number of institutions is the third highest in China, beneath Beijing and Shanghai. Institutions are structures and mechanisms of Social order and Cooperation governing the Behavior of a Set of Individuals Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million The private institutions are famous in the country.

Public

Military

Private

Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed. Xi'an Jiaotong University ( abbreviated Xi Jiao Da (西交大"Jiao Da"(交大 or XJTU) also known as Xi'an Xidian University (西安电子科技大学 is a University located in Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. Northwestern Polytechnical University ( NWPU 西北工业大学) is a University located in 127#Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Northwest University (西北大学 located in the ancient Chinese capital city of Xi'an, is one of the nation's leading comprehensive Universities Chang'an University (长安大学 is a University located in Xi'an, China. The Shaanxi Normal University ( SNU) ( is one of the top educational universities in the People's Republic of China that are authorized to grant degrees in educational Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology is a university in Xi'an, China. Xi'an International Studies University (XISU ( Chinese: 西安外国语大学 was founded in 1952 in Xi'an, Shaanxi. Northwest University of Politics and Law ( Chinese: 西北政法大学）is a university in Xi'an one of the old law institutions in China. Xi'an Polytechnic University ( is a college located in Xi'an, in the Shaanxi province, China.

see also: List of universities in the People's Republic of China. This article is a list of Universities in the People's Republic of China by province (22 autonomous region (5 municipality (4

Notes and references

  1. ^ NTSC
  2. ^ Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Xi'an, China (English). Weatherbase (2007). Retrieved on 2007-02-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons
  3. ^ a b c d e 西安人口 (Xi'an population). City of Xi'an, in Chinese. Retrieved on 2007-05-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
  4. ^ source:refers to 'Brief Administration Region,the People's Republic of China,2006'(中华人民共和国行政区划简册)
  5. ^ "Xi'an to Host World Horticultural Expo" China. org. cn

External links

Preceded by
Yin		 Capital of China (as Hao)
1046 BC-771 BC		 Succeeded by
Luoyang
Preceded by
Xianyang		 Capital of China (as Chang'an)
206 BC-23		 Succeeded by
Luoyang
Preceded by
Jiankang		 Capital of China (as Daxing)
581-618		 Succeeded by
itself, as Chang'an
Preceded by
itself, as Daxing		 Capital of China (as Chang'an)
618-907		 Succeeded by
Kaifeng
Wikitravel is a Web -based project "to create a free, complete up-to-date and reliable worldwide travel guide. Yinxu ( is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty ( 1766 BC - 1050 BC) The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. This article is related to a city for the airport located in the city see Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Xianyang ( Sienyang Hsienyang The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Jiankang (建康城 in Pinyin: Jiànkāng chéng formerly known as Jianye (建業 Jiànyè until Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 – 420 was an ancient city in The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an Daxing District ( Simplified Chinese: 大兴区 Traditional Chinese: 大興區 Hanyu Pinyin: Dàxīng Qū is situated at the Suburb of south Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Daxing District ( Simplified Chinese: 大兴区 Traditional Chinese: 大興區 Hanyu Pinyin: Dàxīng Qū is situated at the Suburb of south The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern

Dictionary

Xi'an

-proper noun

  1. Toneless spelling of a city in central China and the capital of Shaanxi province. Formerly spelled Sian in Postal System Pinyin.
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic