XM Satellite Radio Holdings, Inc.
Type	Public (NASDAQ: XMSR)
Founded	1988 (as American Mobile Radio Corporation)
Headquarters	Washington, D.C., USA
Key people	Gary Parsons, Chairman Nate Davis, President and CEO Lee Abrams, Chief Creative Officer Joseph P. A public company usually refers to a company that is permitted to offer its registered securities ( Stock, bonds, etc The NASDAQ (acronym of National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American Stock exchange. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Gary Parsons is the chairman of the board for XM Satellite Radio. Nate Davis may refer to Nate Davis (quarterback (born 1987 Nate Davis (defensive lineman (born 1974 See also President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator Lee Abrams is a radio producer and programmer Abrams has been called "the most influential radio guru of his generation" Zarella, Executive Vice President, Business Operations, Listener Care & Information Technology Eric Logan, Executive Vice President, Programming
Industry	Broadcasting - Radio
Products	Satellite Radio
Revenue	▲US$1. __FORCETOC__ For the Vice President of the United States, their roles and other information see Vice President of the United States. __FORCETOC__ For the Vice President of the United States, their roles and other information see Vice President of the United States. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need A satellite radio or subscription radio (SR is a Digital radio signal that is broadcast by a Communications satellite, which covers a much wider geographical In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 14 Billion (2008) From Yahoo Finance
Net income	▼-US$682. Net income is equal to the Income that a firm has after subtracting costs and Expenses from the total Revenue. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 38 Million (2006)
Employees	860 (2007)
Website	XMradio.com

XM Satellite Radio Holdings (XM) (NASDAQ: XMSR) is one of two satellite radio (SDARS) services in the United States and Canada, along with Sirius Satellite Radio. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The NASDAQ (acronym of National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American Stock exchange. A satellite radio or subscription radio (SR is a Digital radio signal that is broadcast by a Communications satellite, which covers a much wider geographical Digital Audio Radio Service or DARS refers to any type of digital radio service The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page XM provides pay-for-service radio, analogous to cable television. Its service includes 73 different music channels, 39 news, sports, talk and entertainment channels, 21 regional traffic and weather channels and 23 play-by-play sports channels. XM channels are identified by Arbitron with the label "XM" (e. Arbitron ( is a Radio audience research company in the United States which collects listener data on radio audiences similar to that collected by Nielsen Media g. "XM32").

The company was founded in 1988 as American Mobile Radio Corporation; satellite service was officially launched on September 25, 2001. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.

Contents 1 Merger with Sirius Satellite Radio 2 Services 2.1 Satellite radio 2.2 XM Radio Online 2.3 Weather and traffic 2.4 Commercial adoption and partnerships 3 Company timeline 4 Technology 5 Controlling interest 6 Clear Channel programming agreement 7 XM vs RIAA 8 PCR and DirectPCR 9 XM in Canada 10 See also 11 Notes 12 External links

Merger with Sirius Satellite Radio

Main article: XM/Sirius merger

On February 19, 2007, XM announced a merger deal with Sirius Satellite Radio. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. If approved, the merger will combine the two radio services and create a single Satellite Radio network in the United States and Canada. ^[1] On March 24, 2008, the United States Department of Justice announced it had closed its investigation of the merger because it "concluded that the evidence does not demonstrate that the proposed merger of XM and Sirius is likely to substantially lessen competition. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common For animal rights group see Justice Department (JD The United States Department of Justice ( DOJ) is a Cabinet department "^[2]

Services

While the satellite receiver radio service is its primary product, XM actually operates several audio and data services, and advertising.

Satellite radio

To receive satellite radio programming, a customer is required to purchase a receiver. Including reductions offered by rebates sales, receivers pricing varies from US$20 to $400. In some sales offers, it's even possible to get a free receiver by contracting for a service commitment.

XM Receivers come in several forms: an XM Ready home theater system or car stereo equipped with a tuner and antenna. Other options are the "plug and play" receivers, such as the Roady, Sportscaster, or SkyFi receivers. These receivers connect to car or home audio systems and typically use a docking station at each location they will be used. Also, several true portable models now exist: with built-in antennas, they can be used anywhere that the satellite signal is available. Certain models offer satellite recording, MP3 playback, and pause and rewind.

XM also offers music downloads through XM+Napster, but only for Windows users. This service is being integrated with XM Online and the new MP3 capable XM receivers, such as the Pioneer Inno or the Samsung Helix.

A subset of the XM programming can also be received on the DirecTV satellite network. DirecTV (trademarked as "DIREC' TV' " is a Direct broadcast satellite (DBS service based in El Segundo California, USA, that was founded To listen to XM on DirecTV, no XM subscription is required, but you must have a DirecTV subscription.

XM Radio Online

XM Radio Online, XM's internet radio product, offers many of XM's music stations and can be accessed from any Internet connected Windows or Macintosh computer. It is available free to all XM Radio subscribers, or at a US$7. 99 a month to internet-only subscribers.

Weather and traffic

XM also provides data services such as weather information for pilots and weather spotters through its XM WX Satellite Weather datacasting service. Datacasting (data broadcasting is the Broadcasting of Data over a wide area via Radio waves It most often refers to supplemental Information This up to the minute weather information can be displayed in the cockpit of an aircraft equipped with a satellite weather receiver. Unlike weather radar, which relies on the aircraft's own equipment, the satellite service can give a pilot information about weather anywhere in the country. The downside is that the various weather streams (radar, cloud coverage, lightning, etc. . . ) are transmitted every 5–15 minutes, meaning that the information is somewhat out-of-date by the time it is received. In-cockpit radar and lightning receivers return truly realtime information, but they can cost many thousands of dollars. Certain aircraft are also now integrating the XM radio service in to the aircraft's audio system, as well, allowing the pilot to listen to XM radio while flying. ^[3][4]

XM also has dedicated traffic and weather channels that cover many major metropolitan areas. These channels play a continuous loop of local weather information and detailed traffic data.

Commercial adoption and partnerships

In 2005, AirTran Airways began putting XM Satellite Radio on their aircraft, while in January 2006, JetBlue Airways added XM Radio to their aircraft. AirTran Airways is a low-cost Airline that is a Delaware corporation with headquarters in Orlando, Florida, USA and United Airlines started carrying prerecorded XM content in March 2006. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. Zipcar, an urban car-sharing service in the United States, initially installed XM receivers in all of their vehicles available for daily or hourly rental. Zipcar is a for-profit membership-based Carsharing company providing Automobile rental to its members billable by the hour or day However, citing uncertainty in the satellite radio market, Zipcar announced on May 1, 2007 that all XM radios would be removed from its fleet in the following months. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

In 2006, the service "XM for Business" was launched on the DirecTV platform to provide 15 channels of interruption-free background music. DirecTV (trademarked as "DIREC' TV' " is a Direct broadcast satellite (DBS service based in El Segundo California, USA, that was founded This service replaces the Music Choice business audio service formerly offered by DirecTV. Music Choice is a US company that programs music and produces music-related content for digital cable cell phones and cable modem subscribers in the US The XM for Business channels are in the upper 500s as of August 2006 and include an exclusive "Taste of Italy" channel. The channels are programmed separately from the consumer service, but share the same names, themes, and playlists. More importantly for the background music needs of business audio these channels do not feature any kind of interruption and do not feature radio hosts, imaging, or sounders. Station identification (sometimes called a sounder or stinger) is the practice of any type of Radio or Television station or network

Effective October 1, 2006, the 15 channels of interruption-free background music, formerly part of "XM for Business", were moved from satellite 101 to satellite 119 (DirecTV-7S at 119°W). Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Reception now requires a single 18" dish aimed at 119°W or a Phase3 oval dish with three LNBFs and a multi-satellite-capable receiver. Older, single LNB receivers may not be able to receive these stations.

In 2007, Air Canada began replacing its current generation of En Route radio with XM. Air Canada () is Canada 's largest Airline and Flag carrier. The airline founded in 1937 has had its corporate headquarters in Montreal

Company timeline

Year	Event(s)
1988	American Mobile Satellite Corp. is founded.
1991	American Mobile Radio/XM co-founder Lon Levin joins American Mobile Satellite Corp.
1992	December 15: after CD Radio (later becoming Sirius Satellite Radio) successfully petitioned the Federal Communications Commission and Congress to look into creating Digital Audio Radio Service (DARS) in the United States, American Mobile Satellite Corp. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Digital Audio Radio Service or DARS refers to any type of digital radio service spins off a new division known as American Mobile Radio Corp. who would go on and join three other applicants as potential licensees. Later that year, American Mobile brings in WorldSpace as a 20% investor into the new venture with the intention of using their technology.
1996	Gary Parsons leaves MCI Communications to join American Mobile as its CEO and President. Gary Parsons is the chairman of the board for XM Satellite Radio. MCI Communications Corp was an American Telecommunications company that was instrumental in legal and regulatory changes that led to the breakup of the AT&T
1997	May 16: American Mobile Satellite and WorldSpace officially change the name of American Mobile Radio to XM Satellite Radio. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Later that month, Lon Levin, who was politically instrumental in the early years of establishing American Mobile Radio, becomes its President until 1998; he would remain on until 2005 in an influential VP role in charge of Government Regulatory. October: XM Satellite Radio obtains one of only two satellite digital audio radio service licenses offered by the Federal Communications Commission. Together with CD Radio (SIRIUS), the two successfully beat out Primosphere Limited Partnership and Digital Satellite Broadcasting Corporation as licensees. Primosphere Limited Partnership was one of four companies bidding for Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service or SDARS, licenses in the United States. Digital Satellite Broadcasting Corporation was one of four companies bidding for Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service, or SDARS, licenses in the United States
1998	Hugh Panero leaves Request TV as its President and CEO, to join XM Satellite Radio in the same role. Hugh Panero was the CEO of XM Satellite Radio from June 1998 to August 2007. Request TV is a defunct Pay-per-view service which was owned by Liberty Media and Twentieth Century Fox that was launched in 1985
1999	June: Clear Channel Communications, DirecTV, General Motors, and a private investment group invest US$250 million in XM Satellite Radio convertible debt. Clear Channel Communications is a media conglomerate company based in the United States. DirecTV (trademarked as "DIREC' TV' " is a Direct broadcast satellite (DBS service based in El Segundo California, USA, that was founded General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. In Finance, a convertible bond (or convertible debenture is a type of bond that can be converted into shares of Stock in the issuing company Both Clear Channel and DirecTV agree to develop services for XM. June 7: with GM's investment in XM, they enter into a 12-year "Distribution Agreement" between XM and GM subsdiary, OnStar Corporation. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins OnStar Corporation is a subsidiary of General Motors that provides subscription-based communications, in-vehicle security turn-by-turn navigation and remote The agreement calls for exclusive installation of XM Satellite Radio into GM vehicles from November 12, 2001 until November 2013. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. OnStar must meet specific escalating installation rates each year, while XM must make extensive payments to OnStar for the installation and sale of XM in their vehicles, while sharing revenue earned from these radios with OnStar – as well as payments on the exclusivity agreement. July 7, American Mobile Satellite, still XM's parent company, uses approximately US$75 million of the proceeds from the private investment to reacquire the 20% interest WorldSpace holds. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death In October, XM Satellite Radio issues 10,241,000 shares of Class A common stock at an IPO price of US$12. Initial public offering (IPO, also referred to simply as a "public offering" is when a company issues Common stock or shares to the public for the first 00 per share. American Mobile Satellite remains the majority holder of the public company.
2000	April: American Mobile Satellite Corp. changes its name to Motient. In July, American Honda join several private investors in a US$235 million preferred stock investment in the company. () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. Preferred stock, also called preferred shares or preference shares, is typically a higher ranking stock than Voting shares, and its terms are negotiated
2001	September 25: XM Satellite Radio service launches, first in San Diego and Dallas/Fort Worth, and spreads across the United States. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France The Dallas – Fort Worth – Arlington metropolitan area, a title designated by the U The initial lineup includes 71 music channels and 29 other channels consisting of sports, talk, children's programming, entertainment and news. The original launch date of September 12 is pushed back after the World Trade Center and Pentagon terrorist attacks. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the October: with Motient heading into bankruptcy, they spin off their non-XM satellite division into a joint operation with TMI Communications and Company, L. P. , a wholly owned subsidiary of BCE Inc. of Canada; the new venture is known as the Mobile Satellite Ventures. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page November: with Motient in bankruptcy, they sell off their controlling interest in XM to Hughes Electronics, Singapore Telecommunications and Baron Capital Partners. Hughes Aircraft Company was a major aerospace and defense company founded by Howard Hughes. Singapore Telecommunications Limited () commonly abbreviated as SingTel, is Asia 's leading Telecommunications company This ends Motient's interest in XM and begins XM's history as a stand-alone company. Hughes Electronics would go on to combine this new interest in with the interest already held by their subsidiary, DirecTV. November 12: XM Satellite Radio marks the official launch of full nationwide service. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days December 31: XM Satellite Radio ends the year with 27,733 subscribers. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
2002	December 31: XM Satellite Radio ends the year with 347,159 subscribers. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
2003	January: with the launch and rollout taking longer and more costly than expected, the company undergoes a large and complicated re-capitalization plan. The plan involves XM exchanging US$300 million in old debt for new debt, while deferring interest for 3-years on the notes; as well as restructuring the payment obligations on the General Motors installation agreement, issuing a convertible bond to GM, issuing a warrant for shares to GM, and establishing a revolving credit facility with GM; and finally the plan included new funding coming from a placement of over US$300 million in 10% convertible bonds to a group of private investors. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. In Finance, a warrant is a security that entitles the holder to buy stock of the company that issued it at a specified price which is usually higher than the stock In Finance, a convertible bond (or convertible debenture is a type of bond that can be converted into shares of Stock in the issuing company June: Veteran award-winning radio producer Joe Bevilacqua's radio theater extravaganza, The Comedy-O-Rama Hour, premieres on XM163 Sonic Theater Channel. Joe Bevilacqua (born 1959 is an award-winning Voice actor, Radio producer, Dramatist, Humorist, and documentary Film producer Celebrity guests include Al Franken, Lewis Black, Shelley Berman, Bob Edwards, Nancy Cartwright and June Foray. Alan Stuart "Al" Franken (born May 21 1951 is an Emmy Award –winning American Comedian, Writer, progressive Lewis Niles Black (born August 30 1948) is a Grammy Award -winning American stand-up comedian, Author, Playwright Sheldon Leonard "Shelley" Berman (born February 3, 1926) is an American comedian writer teacher and actor Robert Alan Edwards (born May 16, 1947 in Louisville Kentucky) is an award-winning American Public radio broadcaster Nancy Campbell Cartwright (born October 25, 1957) is an American Voice actress. June Foray (born September 18, 1917) is an American Voice actress who has worked for most of the studios which produced Animated films July: the company has nearly 700,000 subscribers. December 31: XM Satellite Radio ends the year with 1,360,228 subscribers. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
2004	January through March: With the sale of Hughes Electronics from General Motors to Rupert Murdoch's News Corp., DirecTV's interest in XM Satellite Radio is sold off on the market. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. is gay Bold text' Keith Rupert Murdoch', AC, KCSG (born Melbourne, March 11 1931 usually known as Rupert Murdoch, is an Australian-American News Corporation (often abbreviated to News Corp) (,,) is one of the world's largest media conglomerate companies by Market capitalisation February 2: XM Radio announces 100% commercial free music lineup. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor March 1: XM Radio launched Instant Traffic and Weather Channels for major metropolitan markets in the United States. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The United States of America —commonly referred to as the August 11: XM Radio subscriber base breaks the 2. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation 5 million mark. The company partners with automakers General Motors, Honda, Isuzu, Nissan, Toyota, Volkswagen, and SAAB) to offer in-dash XM receivers on an OEM basis. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. ( is a Japanese car commercial vehicle and heavy truck manufacturing company, headquartered in Tokyo. (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. Saab Automobile AB, better known as Saab, is a Swedish car manufacturer and currently a wholly-owned Subsidiary of General Motors. An original equipment manufacturer, or OEM is typically a company that uses a component made by a second company in its own product or sells the product of the second company The Acura TL is the first luxury automobile to offer XM radio as "standard" in every vehicle. October 4: "Shock" jocks Opie and Anthony begin broadcasting on a premium ($1. Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Opie ( Gregg Hughes, born May 23, 1963) Anthony ( Anthony Cumia, born April 26, 1961) and Jim 99/month extra) XM Satellite Radio station. Also, former National Public Radio host Bob Edwards broadcasts the first Bob Edwards Show on XM Public Radio, channel 133. Robert Alan Edwards (born May 16, 1947 in Louisville Kentucky) is an award-winning American Public radio broadcaster The Bob Edwards Show is an American Radio program presented by XM Satellite Radio every weekday morning at 8 a October 20: XM announces an 11-year, US$650 million deal with Major League Baseball to broadcast games live nationwide and become the Official Satellite Radio provider of Major League Baseball. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony The agreement grants XM the rights to use the MLB silhouetted batter logo and the collective marks of all major league clubs. As part of the deal, XM creates a 24/7 MLB channel called "Home Plate". MLB Home Plate is a popular destination on the XM Satellite Radio dial for fans of Major League Baseball, as it features around the clock MLB related talk shows as The deal starts with the 2005 season and runs through the 2012, with a 3-year option that MLB can pick up. October 26: XM presents its first XM2go portable XM receiver: The Delphi MyFi. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death XM2go is XM Satellite Radio 's line of portable "walkman-like" receivers December 31: XM Satellite Radio ends the year with 3,229,124 subscribers. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
2005	January 5: XM introduces two new XM2go models: Pioneer's AirWare and the Tao from Giant International. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. February 28: XM's third satellite, Rhythm, is launched successfully. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule April 1: XM announces that it has added 540,000 subscribers in Q1 2005, pushing their total subscriber base to 3. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne 77 million. April 11: XM announces that a deal has been reached to be the official satellite radio network of Air America Radio. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Air America Radio (commonly abbreviated to AAR) May 16: XM announces that subscribership has topped 4 million. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. This indicates exponential growth for the company. In five weeks time, they added 230,000 subscribers — almost 50% of the subscribers added during the previous quarter. May 28: the Wall Street Journal reports that XM has awarded the contract for the XM 5 spacecraft to Space Systems/Loral. Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Space Systems/Loral ( SS/L) of Palo Alto California, is the wholly owned manufacturing Subsidiary of Loral Space & Communications. June 7: XM partners with Audible.com to offer downloadable audio show archives of The Opie and Anthony Show, as well as The Bob Edwards Show. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Audiblecom is an Internet provider of spoken audio entertainment information and educational programming Robert Alan Edwards (born May 16, 1947 in Louisville Kentucky) is an award-winning American Public radio broadcaster July 1: XM announces it has added more than 640,000 subscribers in Q2 2005, pushing their total subscriber base over 4. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. 4 million. August 1: XM announces the addition of popular radio hosts Ron and Fez. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman The Ron and Fez Show is a Radio Talk show hosted by Ron "Tex" Bennington and Fez "Marie" Whatley September 12: Ron and Fez join Opie and Anthony on High Voltage XM 202. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Opie ( Gregg Hughes, born May 23, 1963) Anthony ( Anthony Cumia, born April 26, 1961) and Jim the ViRUS (formerly High Voltage from 2004 — 2006) is a Hot talk channel on XM Satellite Radio. September 13: XM announces a 10-year US$100 million deal to carry National Hockey League broadcasts beginning with the 2005-06 season, initially sharing the coverage with SIRIUS but gaining satellite-radio exclusivity from 2007 onward. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America September 27: XM announces it has surpassed 5 million subscribers. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again October 3: XM announces that they have added more than 617,000 new net subscribers during Q3 2005. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's October 3: XM Satellite Radio launches channel "Take 5" (XM 155). Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's The channel is geared toward Women's Programming and features replays of The Ellen DeGeneres Show, The Tyra Banks Show, syndicated and original programming, as well as programming from the Food Network and HGTV. Ellen Lee DeGeneres (born January 26 1958 is an eleven time Emmy Award -winning American stand-up comedian, Television host and actress Tyra Lynne Banks (born December 4 1973 is an American Television personality, Emmy Award -winning talk show host, actress Supermodel, former Food Network is a cable network that airs specials and recurring (episodic programs about food and cooking Home & Garden Television ( HGTV) is a cable TV network in the US that carries a variety of Home and Garden improvement maintenance Additionally, XM Radio drops two of its Talk and Entertainment channels: MTV and VH1. XM adds 617,000 subscribers in Q3 2005, pushing the total subscriber base to over 5. 03 million. October 18: XM announces it will begin carrying Fox News Talk in January 2006. Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Fox News Talk is a satellite radio channel that showcases talk shows and news reports from Fox News Channel personalities along with other Fox News and talk programming November 15: DirecTV begins broadcasting 72 channels as part of their audio programming. Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. DirecTV (trademarked as "DIREC' TV' " is a Direct broadcast satellite (DBS service based in El Segundo California, USA, that was founded This includes music channels, "Home Plate" (XM 175), and "High Voltage" (XM 202) but no news or sports channels. the ViRUS (formerly High Voltage from 2004 — 2006) is a Hot talk channel on XM Satellite Radio. November 17:, XM launches their new Fall lineup of channels: "unSigned", "Air Musique", "Sur La Route", "Laugh Attack", "Canada 360", "Quoi de Neuf", "Franc Parler", and "Home Ice". Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers November 29: XM launches service in Canada. Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe December 29: XM and VoiceBox Technologies join forces to provide conversational voice-driven XM experience to auto market. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II VoiceBox is a company focused on Speech recognition, search and information management [5] December 31: XM Satellite Radio ends the year with 5,932,957 subscribers. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
2006	Chart depicting subscriber growth for XM Satellite Radio and Sirius Satellite Radio as of the end of 2006. January 2: XM begins broadcasting Fox News Talk as the channel launches. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. The channel includes commentators Bill O'Reilly, Tony Snow, John Gibson, and Alan Colmes. William James O'Reilly Jr (born September 10 1949 is an American television / radio host, Author, Syndicated columnist, and Robert Anthony Snow ( June 1 1955 – July 12 2008) was an American Political commentator, Television news John David Gibson (born July 25, 1946) is an American Conservative radio talk show host Alan Colmes (born September 24, 1950) is an American radio / Television host and liberal Political commentator January 4: XM announces it has surpassed 6 million subscribers. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. January 9: XM wins top honors at the 2006 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas for their two new portable units that offer live programming on-the-go. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. The International Consumer Electronics Show (CES is a Trade show held each January in Las Vegas, Nevada, and is sponsored The new radios are the XM Pioneer Inno and Samsung Helix. ( is a Multinational Corporation that specializes in digital entertainment products based in Tokyo, Japan. The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate They expect to be released during the end of March or beginning of April. February 9: XM announces they have signed a US$55 million three-year deal with Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Productions. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Oprah Gail Winfrey (born January 29 1954 often referred to simply as Oprah, is an American Harpo Productions is an incorporated US-based Multimedia production company founded by Media mogul Oprah Winfrey A new channel called "Oprah and Friends" will launch in September, which will be programmed by Winfrey and originate in the Harpo Studios in Chicago. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The channel will feature programs hosted by a team of personalities who appear on her television show including Gayle King, Dr. Gayle King (born December 28, 1954) is editor-at-large for O The Oprah Magazine and is the best friend of Oprah Winfrey Mehmet Oz, Marianne Williamson, Dr. Mehmet Oz (born June 11, 1960) is a cardiothoracic surgeon and an award-winning Author. Marianne Williamson (born July 8, 1952) is a spiritual activist author lecturer and founder of The Peace Alliance, a grass roots campaign supporting legislation Robin Smith, Bob Greene and Nate Berkus. Nate Berkus (born September 17, 1971) is an American Interior designer and decorator and a survivor of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami As part of the agreement, Oprah will appear in a weekly 30-minute program along with friend Gayle King. The program will air 39-weeks a year and feature taped phone conversations between Winfrey and King. March 1: XM launches channels "49 Big Tracks", "84 XM Chill", and "173 WLW" giving them 69 commercial free music channels, with the addition of WLW, a news talk channel. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant March 10: XM announces that the music stations programmed by Clear Channel ("21 Kiss XM", "22 Mix XM", "11 XM Nashville", and "24 XM Sunny") will begin airing some commercials beginning in April. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Clear Channel Communications is a media conglomerate company based in the United States. This was a decision made by Clear Channel. In response, XM promises to add its own commercial-free versions of these channels in the near future. April 17: XM Launches 8 new Commercial Free Music Channels. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. The channels are, "XM 17 - U. S. Country" (commercial-free alternative to "Nashville"), "XM 26 - Flight 26" (commercial-free alternative to "MIX"), "XM 30 - XM Hitlist" (commercial-free alternative to "KISS"), "XM 34 - enLighten", "XM 42 - XM Liquid Metal" (brought back to the satellites after being an online-exclusive for over a year), "XM 68 - The Heat"(Formally "The Eye"), "XM 78 - Escape" (commercial-free alternative to "Sunny") and "XM 91 - Viva. " On the same date, DirecTV changed its channel lineup to focus in on XM's commercial-free music too, which resulted in the removal of two XM talk channels, the addition of 4 new music channels and the replacement of the four Clear Channel programmed music channels that began airing commercials. DirecTV (trademarked as "DIREC' TV' " is a Direct broadcast satellite (DBS service based in El Segundo California, USA, that was founded Removed from DirecTV were XM's MLB channel "Home Plate" (DTV Channel 878) and "High Voltage" (DTV Channel 879). Added were "The Heat" (Formally "The Eye") (DTV Channel 825), "enLighten" (DTV Channel 828), "The Torch" (DTV Channel 829), "Liquid Metal" (DTV Channel 841) and "Viva" (DTV Channel 876). Replaced were "Nashville" (DTV Channel 809), "Kiss" (DTV Channel 817), "Mix" (DTV Channel 818), and "Sunny" (DTV Channel 820); DirecTV replaced those channels with the aforementioned new commercial-free versions programmed directly by XM, "U. S. Country," "XM Hitlist," "Flight 26," and "Escape", respectively. Also, XM Changed Names For Some Of Its Stations, XM 68 "the Eye" Became "The Heat", XM 32 "The Fish" Became "The Message" And XM 90 "Allegra" Became "Fuego". April 22: Thanks to the fans of the Opie and Anthony show (The O&A Pests) DirectTV adds XM 202 "High Voltage" (Dtv Channel 879) back to the channel lineup April 24: XM Satellite Radio officially announces the long rumored deal that Opie and Anthony would be syndicated back to terrestrial radio through CBS Radio. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to This article is about the radio group for the radio network see CBS Radio Network. Joel Hollander, current showrunner at CBS Radio, was there for the announcement as was XM programming VP Eric Logan. April 26: Opie and Anthony's reformatted show debuts on 7 CBS Radio affiliates: New York City's WFNY-FM, Cleveland's WXRK (tape delayed, 3-6 PM), Boston's WBCN, West Palm Beach's WPBZ, Philadelphia's WYSP, Dallas' KLLI, and Pittsburgh's WRKZ. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. WXRK (923 MHz known on-air as " 92-3 K-Rock " is a Radio station in New York City. WXRK (923 MHz known on-air as " 92-3 K-Rock " is a Radio station in New York City. WBCN 1041 FM, is a commercial Radio station based in Boston Massachusetts. WPBZ is located in the West Palm Beach Florida area and broadcasts at 103 WYSP is a Radio station broadcasting a Classic rock format Referred to on-air as " 94 WYSP " the station broadcasts on the 94 KLLI (1053 FM) branded as "Live 1053" is a talk Radio station serving the Dallas / Fort Worth Texas, metroplex For the station that was once WRKZ please see WBZW in Pittsburgh WRKZ (99 Their show has been segmented so that 6 AM - 9 AM is broadcast on both XM and CBS, and 9 AM - 11 AM is XM exclusive. July 24: Nate Davis was made the president and chief operating officer. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. August 15: XM begins playing chronologically every song to ever make the pop charts. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed This is expected to last well over a month. This playback is called "IT" The music is played on each decade channel. " IT " is the name of an annual special aired on XM Satellite Radio, in which a majority of charted pop songs (and some non-charted songs from the 1930s to the 2000s The music from the 1940s is played on the 40's on 4, then starting with music from January 1950 the music is played on the 50's on 5, and so on. Around August 26: XM Flight 26 is pulled from AOL Radio on the Mac platform. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. No explanation as to why this occurred, yet AOL Radio's homepage lists it in the Top 11 (despite the stream not appearing in the AOL program, which lists ten streams under "Top 11" instead of eleven). September 3: MSNBC - XM 130 is dropped from the XM news channel lineup. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius No explanation is given by XM, who made the decision to discontinue the news channel's feed. September 6: XM announces a Pink version of the Pioneer Inno, available exclusively at Circuit City (at first). Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started US$30 from each unit sold goes to support the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation's fight against breast cancer. September 25: "Oprah and Friends" radio officially launched on XM channel 156. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France October 30: The XM-4 "Blues" satellite was launched atop a Zenit 3SL rocket. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. December 18: XM announces they began broadcasting through XM-4 "Blues" on Friday, bringing the active satellites to XM-3 "Rhythm" and XM-4 "Blues" with original satellites XM-1 "Rock" and XM-2 "Roll" as in-orbit spares for the near-term. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the [6]
2007	January 18: The Federal Communications Commission rules that licensing regulations would prohibit a possible merger of XM and rival Sirius Satellite Radio. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Recent remarks by top officials within both companies have hinted at a possible move to join forces to stave off billion-dollar losses associated with increased competition between the two services. [7] February 13: XM sells the transponders on XM-4 to Wells Fargo Bank in a leaseback agreement. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed This amounts to taking out a mortgage on the transponders; while the bank will own them, XM actually uses them and has the right to buy them back at any time. At the end of the lease period, XM will also have the option to buy them back. [8] February 19: XM Satellite Radio Holdings Inc. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum and Sirius Satellite Radio announce they will merge, creating a satellite radio giant. [1] See XM/Sirius merger. April 26: XM announces 1Q07 results, as well as surpassing eight million subscribers. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. The company also claims that they have an additional US$319 million in positive cashflow, giving them total available liquidity of US$719 million. May 15: XM suspends talk show hosts Opie & Anthony for 30 days over comments made on their program the previous day. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the [9] May 21-May 22: XM experiences an outage that deprives many subscribers of service for almost twenty-four hours. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus. The outage affected the satellite XM-3 ("Rhythm", or "SAT1" on receivers) along with terrestrial repeaters. [10] XM blames the situation on a "software glitch". [11] July 24: XM announces that CEO Hugh Panero will leave the company in August, with current President and COO Nate Davis stepping in to serve as President and interim CEO. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. [12] August 1: XM launches XM-X, featuring rebroadcasts of many XM-exclusive shows, on XM 2. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman The first day's programming consists of episodes of Bob Dylan's Theme Time Radio Hour. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major Theme Time Radio Hour ( TTRH) is a one-hour long Radio show hosted by Bob Dylan. August 5: XM upgrades its Neural Audio processing mechanism to improve sound quality across its music channel selection. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. November 8: XM launches XM59 - XM LED - The Led Zeppelin Channel. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Led Zeppelin were [13].
2008	March 7: XM Discontinues the XM LED channel. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus March 24: The United States Department of Justice declines to block the merger of XM and Sirius Satellite Radio after thirteen months of review. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland For animal rights group see Justice Department (JD The United States Department of Justice ( DOJ) is a Cabinet department [14]

Technology

XM provides digital programming directly from two high-powered satellites in geostationary orbit above the equator: XM Rhythm at 115° west longitude and XM Blues at 85° west longitude in addition to a network of ground-based repeaters. A geostationary orbit (GEO is a Geosynchronous orbit directly above the Earth 's Equator (0° Latitude) with a period equal to the Earth's Longitude (ˈlɒndʒɪˌtjuːd or ˈlɒŋgɪˌtjuːd symbolized by the Greek character Lambda (λ is the east-west Geographic coordinate measurement The combination of two satellites and a ground-based repeater network is designed to provide gap-free coverage anywhere within the continental U. S. , the southern tip of Alaska, and in the southern part of Canada. The signal can also be received in the Caribbean Islands and most of Mexico (reports have stated that areas north of Acapulco are able to receive a steady signal^[15]), however XM is not yet licensed for reception by paid subscribers living in these areas. Acapulco (Officially Acapulco de Juárez) is a City and major sea port in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific coast

The original satellites, XM-1 ("Rock") and XM-2 ("Roll") suffer from a generic design fault on the Boeing 702 series of satellites (fogging of the solar panels), which means that their lifetimes will be shortened to approximately six years instead of the design goal of 15 years. Boeing 702 is a Communications satellite design The Boeing Satellite Development Center tailors the payload of each Boeing 702 to meet customer specifications based ^[16][17] To compensate for this flaw, XM-3 ("Rhythm") was launched ahead of its planned schedule on February 28, 2005 and moved into XM-1's previous location of 85° WL. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. XM-1 was then moved to be co-located with XM-2 at 115° WL, where each satellite operated only one transponder (thus broadcasting half the bandwidth each) to conserve energy and cut the power consumption in half while XM-4 ("Blues") was readied for launch. Subsequently, XM launched ground-spare XM-4 ("Blues") ahead of schedule on October 30, 2006 into the 115° WL location to complete the satellite replacement program. On December 15, 2006 XM-1 was then powered down and drifted back to its original location at 85° WL, where it will remain as a backup to XM-3. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. XM-2 as well was powered down and remains as a backup to XM-4. This makes the current active satellites as XM-3 "Rhythm" and XM-4 "Blues" with two in-orbit spares. ^[6][18]

On June 7, 2005, Space Systems/Loral announced that it had been awarded a contract for XM-5. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Space Systems/Loral ( SS/L) of Palo Alto California, is the wholly owned manufacturing Subsidiary of Loral Space & Communications. ^[19][20] XM-5 will feature two large unfurlable antennas. Sirius' Radiosat 5, also to be built by Loral, will have a similar single large antenna.

In American and Canadian metropolitan areas, XM and its Canadian Licensee known as Canadian Satellite Radio (CSR), own and operate a network of approximately 900 terrestrial repeater stations, meant to compensate for satellite signal blockage by buildings, tunnels, and bridges. XM Radio Canada is the operating name of Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and Retransmits it at a higher level and/or higher power or onto the other side of an obstruction In the United States XM owns and operates approximately 800 repeater sites covering 60 markets; in Canada CSR is installing approximately 80 to 100 repeaters that will be owned and operated by CSR in the 16 largest Canadian cities. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The actual number of repeater sites varies as the signal is regularly tested and monitored for optimal performance. The actual number of sites in the United States has dropped from the original 1,000 installed when the service first launched in 2001. The repeaters transmit in the same frequency band as the satellites. A typical city contains 20 or more terrestrial stations. Typically the receiver owner is unaware when a terrestrial station is being used, unless he or she checks antenna information from the receiver being used. Due to a FCC filing in October 2006, the latest list of XM's US terrestrial repeater network was made available to the public.

The XM signal uses 12. 5 MHz of the S band: 2332. The S band ranges from 2 to 4  GHz, crossing the (artificial boundary between UHF and SHF at 3 5 to 2345. 0 MHz. XM has agreed to provide 128 kilobits per second of its bandwidth to OnStar Corporation for use with XM-enabled GM vehicles, regardless of whether their owners are XM subscribers. OnStar Corporation is a subsidiary of General Motors that provides subscription-based communications, in-vehicle security turn-by-turn navigation and remote General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. American Honda also retains the right to some of the company's bandwidth to transmit coded traffic information directly to navigation systems (known as XM Nav-Traffic) using TMC technology, as well as messages to Acura vehicles via a service known as AcuraLink. Traffic Message Channel (TMC is a technology for delivering traffic and travel information to drivers Acura (アキュラ Akyura is the luxury vehicle division of Japanese automaker Honda Motor Company.

Audio channels on XM are digitally compressed using the aacPlus (HE-AAC) codec from Coding Technologies for most channels, and the AMBE codec from Digital Voice Systems for some voice channels, including all of the Traffic and Weather channels. High Efficiency AAC ( HE-AAC) is a Lossy data compression scheme for Digital audio. Advanced Multi-Band Excitation ( AMBE) is a Proprietary speech coding standard developed by Digital Voice Systems Inc

The XM radio signal is broadcast on 6 separate radio carriers within the 12. 5 MHz allocation. The entire content of the radio service, including both data and audio content, is represented by only two carriers. The other 4 carriers carry duplicates of the same content to achieve redundancy through signal diversity. Diversity combining is the technique applied to combine the multiple received signals of a diversity reception device into a single improved signal The data on each carrier is encoded using time-delayed and error-correction schemes to enhance availability. Effectively the total radio spectrum used for content is a little over 4 MHz. ^[21]

Each two-carrier group broadcasts 100 8-kilobit-per-second streams. These streams are combined using a patented process to form a variable number of channels using a variety of bitrates. Bandwidth is separated into segments of 4-kilobit-per-second virtual "streams" which are combined to form audio and data "channels" of varying bitrates from 4 to 64 kilobits-per-second in the current service. ^[22]

XM preprocesses audio content using Neural Audio processors that are optimized for the AACplus codec, including spectral band replication (SBR). Spectral band replication ( SBR) is a technology to enhance audio or Speech codecs especially at low Bit rates and is based on harmonic redundancy in the Audio is stored digitally using MPEG-1 Layer II audio technology at 384 kbit/s and is further processed by the Neural Audio processors on the way to broadcast. MPEG-1 Audio Layer II ( MP2, sometimes incorrectly called Musicam) is an Audio codec defined by ISO/IEC 11172-3

XM channels XM Pops and Fine Tuning are broadcast in 5.1 surround sound audio quality. XM Pops is a channel on the XM Satellite Radio network that specializes in playing popular classical music Fine Tuning is the name of XM Satellite Radio 's eclectic music channel 51, Multichannel audio, Multichannel music Surround 3D Surround 5 The technology, titled XM HD Surround, is a partnership between XM and Neural Audio Corporation which provides content with six discrete channels of digital full fidelity audio powered by Neural Audio technology. On December 28 2005, XM Satellite Radio announced that it had teamed up with Neural Audio Corporation is an audio research company based in Kirkland WA. XM Live also broadcasts in this format for select concerts and studio performances. XM Live was a part-time Satellite radio channel which played select special events and shows for XM Satellite Radio. XM manufacturing partners such as Denon, Onkyo, Pioneer Electronics (USA) Inc., and Yamaha have introduced home audio systems capable of playing XM HD Surround powered by Neural Audio. is a Japanese Electronics company that originated Digital Audio technology while specializing in manufacturing of High-fidelity professional and consumer Jyutping: on1 kiu4) ( is a Japanese consumer Electronics manufacturer specializing in Home cinema and Audio equipment ( is a Multinational Corporation that specializes in digital entertainment products based in Tokyo, Japan.

Controlling interest

The company's May 2004 proxy statement^[23] notes that four directors are subject to director designation agreements with GM, American Honda, the chairman, and the CEO. Four additional directors are investors, and two are not affiliated with any significant stockholders.

At that time, GM owned 8. 6% of the Class A common stock (a voting percentage of less than 1%) and Honda owned 13% (with a voting percentage of 3. A voting share (also called common stock or ordinary share) is a share of Stock giving the Stockholder the right to vote on matters 6%).

Unless they unanimously agree otherwise, control of the company remains with the preferred shareholder and noteholders of the company, including Hughes Electronics, GM, Honda, and several private investment groups.

Clear Channel programming agreement

As part of terrestrial radio giant Clear Channel Communications' early investment into XM in 1998, the companies entered into agreements which provided for certain programming and director designation arrangements as long as Clear Channel retained the full amount of its original investment in XM. Clear Channel Communications is a media conglomerate company based in the United States. One positive consequence of this was that XM had (and still has) exclusive programming rights to all Clear Channel content, including popular national shows like Glenn Beck and Coast to Coast AM. Glenn Beck (born February 10, 1964) is an American radio and Television host, conservative Political commentator Coast to Coast AM is an American late-night Syndicated Radio Talk show which deals with a variety of topics but most frequently In June 2003, Clear Channel entered into a forward sales agreement relating to its ownership of XM. A forward contract is an agreement between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specified point of time in the future During the third quarter of 2005, Clear Channel and XM arbitrated the impact of this agreement on the Operational Assistance Agreement and the Director Designation Agreement. The Arbitration Panel decided that the Operational Assistance Agreement would remain in effect, including Clear Channel's right to receive a revenue share of commercial advertising on programming it provides to XM, but declined to enforce the Director Designation Agreement. Arbitration, a form of Alternative dispute resolution (ADR is a legal technique for the resolution of Disputes outside the Courts wherein the Commerce is a division of trade or production which deals with the exchange of goods and services from producer to final consumer Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand Per the original agreement, Clear Channel has the right to program 409. 6 kbit/s of XM bandwidth, including forcing XM to include commercial advertising. The plans for this bandwidth included the existing four music channels (XM11 Nashville!, XM21 KISS, XM22 Mix, XM24 Sunny) existing talk channel programming (XM142 Fox Sports Radio, XM152 Extreme XM, XM165 Talk Radio), and the eventual launch of XM173 WLW, re-launch of XM161 WSIX-FM, XM154 National Lampoon Comedy Radio, XM233 ReachMD, and XM158 America's Talk. Nashville! is a commercial radio channel on XM Satellite Radio KISS (also branded as KISS XM and KISS 21) is a commercial radio channel on XM Satellite Radio MIX, often branded on-air as MIX 22, is a channel on XM Satellite Radio playing the Hot Adult Contemporary format Fox Sports Radio, abbreviated FSR, is an international radio network consisting of sports talk programming all day every day EXTREME XM, branded on air as Extreme 152, or Extreme Talk during news breaks is a Talk radio channel on XM Satellite Radio featuring terrestrial Talk Radio, often branded on-air as Talk Radio 165, is a talk channel on XM Satellite Radio featuring terrestrial radio show simulcasts from around the country WLW is a Clear channel radio station located in Cincinnati Ohio, run by Clear Channel Communications and broadcasting on 700 kHz AM. WSIX-FM is an FM radio station broadcasting in Nashville Tennessee on a frequency of 97 National Lampoon Comedy Radio is a partnership with National Lampoon Inc. ReachMD is a channel on XM Satellite Radio intended for medical and health care professionals America's Talk is a news and talk radio channel on XM Satellite Radio, launched on 2007-11-19 on channel 158 Clear Channel also controlled XM166 America Right, but through a series of show swaps, managed to rid themselves of most non-Clear Channel content and returned the channel to XM Radio. America Right is a US talk channel on XM Satellite Radio that plays terrestrial radio show simulcasts which feature a conservative point of view Plans to introduce new regional based talk channels, which would have featured a local 2-3 minute newscast for each area of the country, were canceled. The amount of advertising on the music channels amounts up to 4 minutes per hour, similar to the amount of advertising XM included before going commercial free. Clear Channel advertising on XM is handled by its subsidiary, Premiere Radio Networks. Premiere Radio Networks is an American Radio network. It is the largest syndication company in the United States based on popularity of

Seen as a blow to XM's 100% commercial-free music channel status, XM Executive Vice President of Programming Eric Logan released a programming announcement to XM subscribers on the company's website that reiterated XM's commitment to commercial-free music while noting that XM still had the most commercial-free music and that more commercial-free music channels will be added in the near future to ensure that XM will still have more commercial-free music than competitor Sirius Satellite Radio. On April 17, 2006, XM launched US Country (XM17), Flight 26 (XM26), XM Hitlist (XM30) and Escape (XM78) to provide commercial free music in the formats of the Clear Channel programmed music channels which were going to begin airing commercials. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. In response, Sirius has advertised that they are the only satellite radio provider that has 100% commercial-free music channels. Both XM and Sirius air commercials on their news, talk, and sports channels.

The Clear Channel forward sales agreement with Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc is set to expire in 2008, at which time Clear Channel is expected to deliver to Bear Stearns over 8. The Bear Stearns Companies Inc, based in New York City, was one of the largest global Investment banks and securities trading and brokerage 3 million shares in XM — which is their original investment — however Clear Channel withholds the right to settle with cash. If Clear Channel settles with shares, then it would be expected at that time that Clear Channels' Operational Assistance Agreement with XM would terminate, along with any and all programming provided by Clear Channel.

XM vs RIAA

In 2006, XM Satellite Radio was sued by the RIAA over XM's new portable devices the Inno and Helix. The Pioneer Inno is a second-generation XM2go radio receiver model for use with the XM satellite radio service The RIAA claims these devices are equivalent to a downloading service, whereas XM contends the devices are protected under the 1992 Audio Home Recording Act. In July, XM requested that a federal judge dismiss the case. It should be noted that XM's subscribers can only save songs they hear on the radio, and cannot request a specific song to be downloaded, or program their radios to record specific artists. XM's portable devices allow the consumer to record a portion of their broadcast much like a VCR, DVR, or cassette player would allow. PLEASE BEAR IN MIND THAT THIS IS A GENERAL ARTICLE ABOUT VCRs/VIDEOCASSETTE RECORDERS A digital video recorder ( DVR) or personal video recorder ( PVR) is a device that records video in a digital format to a Disk drive or other A cassette deck is a type of Tape recorder for playing or recording audio Compact cassettes A deck was formerly distinguished from a recorder The content a subscriber records is only available while the subscriber still has an active account with XM Satellite Radio. Once the account is terminated the recorded content will become inaccessible. Also, If a subscriber fails to listen to a total of 8 hours of programming a month the recorded content will not be accessible. Recorded content can only be accessed on the portable device, it can not be transferred to a home computer or separate digital music player.

The idea is not new: TimeTrax Technologies Corporation developed an application to record songs to MP3 and tag them with the artist and title information directly from the XM network. TimeTrax is a software program as well as the parent company which allows audio recording from satellite radio In 2005 XM attempted to thwart this practice by discontinuing the required XM PCR radio. TimeTrax responded by quickly rolling out adaptive interfaces to allow almost any XM subscriber to use their tuner to build music libraries directly from XM broadcasts. There is speculation that these fumbles by XM and its attitude towards the Time Trax technology may have been the warning shot of major troubles between the RIAA and XM.

On January 19, 2007, a district judge ruled that the RIAA could proceed with the lawsuit, rejecting XM's defense that the conduct alleged in the complaint--if proved by the RIAA--would be immune under the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[24]

PCR and DirectPCR

At the heart of the TimeTrax controversy was the XM PCR: a computer-controlled XM Receiver. The XM PCR is a satellite receiver sold by XM Radio and discontinued in 2004 amidst piracy concerns Unlike the other receivers, which could be used in the car or home stereo, the XM PCR required a computer to run. A software application on the computer acted as the radio's controls and display, which led to a flurry of third party developers, who wanted to make a PCR replacement. Many of them received Cease and Desist letters from the XM company. Once the PCR was discontinued, for the reasons listed above, people found that the XM Direct, a receiver intended to be used in satellite-ready car stereos, can be connected to a computer with a very simple adapter cable. Some people have dubbed the entire kit, with receiver, cable, and software, the Direct PCR. While the original PCR software does not control the XM Direct receiver, several community developers have continued to develop PCR replacement software.

XM in Canada

Main article: XM Radio Canada

In November 2004, Canadian Satellite Radio filed an application with the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission to bring the XM service to Canada. XM Radio Canada is the operating name of Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc XM Radio Canada is the operating name of Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc CRTC may also stand for Cathode Ray Tube Controller. Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC, in French Conseil Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Along with Sirius Canada and CHUM Subscription Radio Canada, CSR was one of three applications for national subscription radio services submitted to the CRTC. Sirius Canada is a Canadian partnership between Slaight Communications, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and Sirius Satellite Radio, which was A satellite radio or subscription radio (SR is a Digital radio signal that is broadcast by a Communications satellite, which covers a much wider geographical

On June 16, 2005, the CRTC approved all three applications. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The decisions were appealed to the Canadian federal Cabinet by a number of broadcasting, labour, and arts and culture organizations, including the Friends of Canadian Broadcasting, CHUM Limited, and the National Campus and Community Radio Association. Friends of Canadian Broadcasting (FRIENDS is a Canadian public interest group CHUM Limited was a media company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from 1945-2007 The National Campus and Community Radio Association/L'Association nationale des radios étudiantes et communautaires ( NCRA/ANREC) is a Non-profit organization of The groups objected to the satellite radio applicants' approach to and reduced levels of Canadian Content and French-language programming, along with the exclusion of Canadian non-commercial broadcasting. Canadian content (abbreviated cancon or can-con) refers to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission requirements that Radio After a lengthy debate, Cabinet rejected the appeals on September 9, 2005. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

XM's Canadian channels appeared on US receivers on November 17, 2005. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. On November 29, 2005, XM Canada officially launched. Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

See also

• Boeing Satellite Systems
• List of XM Satellite Radio channels
• Sirius Satellite Radio
• WorldSpace
• XM Radio Canada
• XM Satellite Radio channel history
• XM/Sirius merger

Notes

External links

Official websites

• Official website (United States)
• Official website (Canada)
• XMwxweather.com

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