For the brand of cymbal, see Wuhan cymbals. A brand is a collection of Images and ideas representing an economic producer more specifically it refers to the descriptive verbal attributes and concrete symbols such as a Cymbals are a modern percussion instrument Cymbals consist of thin normally round plates of various Cymbal alloys; see Cymbal making for a discussion of their Cymbal manufacturers are involved in Cymbal making. Major cymbal manufacturers Avedis Zildjian Company Meinl Percussion

Wǔhàn 武汉
Tortoise Mountain TV Tower
Location within Hubei Province
Coordinates: 29°58′20″N 113°53′29″E / 29.97222, 113.89139
Country	People's Republic of China
County-level divisions	13
Township divisions	153
Settled	223 BC
Government
- CPC Wuhan	Yang song (杨松)
- Mayor	Ruan chengfa (阮成发)
Area (ranked ??th)
- City	8,467. Tortoise Mountain TV Tower (Guishan TV tower is a 3114-metre high TV Tower at Wuhan, China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 11 km² (3,269. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 sq mi)
Population (2007 August)
- City	9,700,000 (4th)
- Density	947/km² (2,452. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7/sq mi)
- Urban	approx. 6. 66 million
- Mun. Density rank	(?th)
- Major nationalities	Han - 99% Minorities - 1%
Time zone	China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Postal code	430000 - 430400
Area code(s)	+86/27
License plate prefixes	鄂A 鄂O (police and authorities)
ISO 3166-2	cn-??
GDP (2006)	CNY 259. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. China standard time or Beijing time is the Time zone observed in the People's Republic of China ( PRC) UTC+8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Greenwich Mean Time by 8 hours A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The People's Republic of China issues vehicles Licence plates at its Vehicle Management Offices under the administration of the Ministry of Public Security ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 0 billion (16th)
- per capita	CNY 30,200 (?nd)
HDI (2005)	? (?nd) — high
City trees metasequoia City flowers plum blossom
Website: [1] [2] (English)

Location within China

Wuhan (help·info) (simplified Chinese: 武汉; traditional Chinese: 武漢; pinyin: Wǔhàn) is the capital of Hubei province, and is the most populous city in central People's republic of China. The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or Metasequoia ( Dawn Redwood) is a fast growing Tree genus in the conifer family Cupressaceae of which Metasequoia glyptostroboides A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES It lies at the east of Jianghan Plain, and the intersection of the middle reaches of the Yangtze and Han River. The Han River ( in China was often referred to as Hànshǔi (漢水 "Han water" in antiquity Arising out of the conglomeration of three boroughs, Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, Wuhan is known as the "thoroughfare of nine provinces"; it is a major transportation hub, with dozens of railways, roads and expressways passing through the city. Wuchang District ( is one of the three towns together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei Hankou ( Wade-Giles: Hankow is one of the three towns together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital The city of Wuhan, first termed as such in 1927, has a population of approximately 9,100,000 people (2006), with about 6,100,000 residents in its urban area. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. In the 1920s, Wuhan was the capital of a leftist Kuomintang (KMT) government led by Wang Jingwei in opposition to Chiang Kai-shek, now Wuhan is recognized as the political, economic, financial, cultural, educational and transportation center of central China. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada Wang Jingwei ( Traditional Chinese: 汪精衛 Simplified Chinese: 汪精卫 Pinyin: Wāng Jīngwèi Wade-Giles: Wang Ching-wei ( Chiang Kai-shek ( POJ: Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k Jyutping: zoeng2gaai3sek6 GCB ( October 31, 1887 &ndash

Geography and Climate

Wuhan is situated in the middle of Hubei Province of China, East Longitude 113°41′-115°05′, North Latitude 29°58′-31°22′. ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China. the east of Jianghan Plain, and the confluence of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Hanshui River.

The metropolitan area comprises three parts - Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, commonly called the "Three Towns of Wuhan" (hence the name "Wuhan", combining "Wu" from the first city and "Han" from the other two). Wuchang District ( is one of the three towns together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei Hankou ( Wade-Giles: Hankow is one of the three towns together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital The consolidation of these three cities occurred in 1927 and Wuhan was thereby established. These three parts face each other across the rivers and are linked by bridges, including one of the first modern bridges in China, known as the "First Bridge". It is simple in geographical structure - low and flat in the middle and hilly in the south, with the Yangtze and Han rivers winding through the city.

Wuhan occupies a land of 8494. 41 km², most of which is plain and decorated with hills and a great number of lakes and pools. Wuhan's climate is a subtropical monsoon one with abundant rainfall and distinctive four seasons. Wuhan is known for its oppressively humid summers, when dewpoints can often reach 26℃ or more. ^[1] Spring and autumn are generally mild, while winter is cool with occasional snow. In recent thirty years, the average annual rainfall is 1269 mm, mainly from June to August; annual temperature is 15. 8℃-17. 5℃, annual frost free period lasts 211 to 272 days and annual sunlight duration is 1810 to 2100 hours.

History

View slightly south of east from the Yellow Crane Tower

The area was first settled more than 3,000 years ago. During the Han Dynasty, Hanyang became a fairly busy port. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. In the 3rd century AD one of the most famous battles in Chinese history and a central event in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms — the Battle of Red Cliffs — took place in the vicinity of the cliffs near Wuhan. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Chinese civilization originated in various city-states along the Yellow River ( valley in the Neolithic era Romance of the Three Kingdoms ( written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese Historical novel based upon events in The Battle of Red Cliffs, otherwise known as the Battle of Chibi, ( was a decisive battle at the End of Han Dynasty, immediately prior to the period of the Three Around that time, walls were built to protect Hanyang (AD 206) and Wuchang (AD 223). Events Births Trebonianus Gallus, Roman emperor from 251 to 253 (d Events By Place Asia Liu Shan becomes second emperor of Shu-Han upon the death of his father Liu Bei. The latter event marks the foundation of Wuhan. In AD 223, the Yellow Crane Tower (黄鹤楼) was constructed on the Wuchang side of the Yangtze River. Events By Place Asia Liu Shan becomes second emperor of Shu-Han upon the death of his father Liu Bei. Yellow Crane Tower (Chinese 黄[[wikt 鹤|鹤]] 楼; pinyin Huáng Hè Lóu is a famous and historic tower often rebuilt that stands on Sheshan (Snake Hill at Cui Hao, a celebrated poet of Tang Dynasty, visited the building in the early 8th Century; his poem made the building the most celebrated building in southern China. Cui Hao ( 704 &ndash 754) was a Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty in China. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The city has long been renowned as a center for the arts (especially poetry) and for intellectual studies. Under the Mongol rulers (Yuan Dynasty), Wuchang was promoted to the status of provincial capital. The Yuan Dynasty ( Pinyin: Yuáncháo Dai Ön Ulus (Дай Юан Улс was a ruling Dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai By approximately 300 years ago, Hankou had become one of the country's top four trading towns.

Wuhan Custom House, opened in 1862

In the late 1800s railroads were extended on a north-south axis through this city, which then became an important transshipment point between rail and river traffic. Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday Transshipment or Transhipment is the Shipment of goods to an intermediate destination and then from there to yet another destination At this time foreign powers extracted mercantile concessions, with the riverfront of Hankou being divided up into various foreign controlled merchant districts. These districts contained trading firm offices, warehouses, and docking facilities.

In 1911, Sun Yat-sen's followers launched the Wuchang Uprising that led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Sun Yat-sen ( November 12, 1866 &ndash March 12, 1925) was a Chinese Revolutionary and political leader often The Wuchang Uprising of October 10 1911 started the Xinhai Revolution, which led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Wuhan was the capital of a leftist Kuomintang government led by Wang Jingwei in opposition to Chiang Kai-shek during the 1920s. Wang Jingwei ( Traditional Chinese: 汪精衛 Simplified Chinese: 汪精卫 Pinyin: Wāng Jīngwèi Wade-Giles: Wang Ching-wei ( Chiang Kai-shek ( POJ: Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k Jyutping: zoeng2gaai3sek6 GCB ( October 31, 1887 &ndash

In 1938, Wuhan and its proximities became the battlefield of the Battle of Wuhan, a major conflict in the Second Sino-Japanese War. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Battle of Wuhan ( popularly known to Chinese as the Defense of Wuhan ( and to the Japanese as the Invasion of Wuhan ( Japanese The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the After being taken by the Japanese in 1938, Wuhan became a major Japanese logistics center for operations in southern China. In December 1944, the city was largely destroyed by U. S. firebombing raids conducted by the Fourteenth Air Force. Firebombing is a Bombing technique designed to damage a target generally an urban area through the use of Fire, caused by Incendiary devices rather The Fourteenth Air Force is a Numbered Air Force (NAF of Air Force Space Command (AFSPC In 1967, civil strife struck the city in the Wuhan Incident as a result of tension brought by the Cultural Revolution. The Wuhan Incident ( the July 20th Incident) was an armed conflict in the People's Republic of China between two hostile groups who were fighting for control The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in the People’s Republic of China was a struggle for power within the Communist Party of China that manifested into

The city has been subject to numerous devastating floods, which are supposed to be controlled by the ambitious Three Gorges Dam. Zh-yue三峽大壩 The Three Gorges Dam ( is a hydroelectric River Dam that spans the Yangtze River in Sandouping, That project is set to be completed in 2009.

Significant Historical Events in Wuhan History

Opening Hankou as a Trading Port During the Second Opium War (known in the West as the Arrow War, 1856-1860), the Government of Qing Dynasty was defeated by the western powers and signed Treaties of Tianjin and Convention of Peking, which stipulated eleven cities or regions including Hankou as trading ports. In December 1858, James Bruce (the 8th Earl of Elgin), the head of the Royal British Navy, led four warships up the Yangtze River in Wuhan to collect the information needed for opening the trading port in Wuhan. And in the spring of 1861, Counselor Harry Parkes and Admiral Herbert were sent to Wuhan to open a trading port. On the basis of Convention of Peking, Harry Parkes concluded the Hankou Lend-Lease Treaty with Guan Wen, the governor-general of Hunan and Hubei. It brought an area of 30. 53 square kilometers along the Yangtze River (from Jianghan Road to Hezuo Road today) to become British Concession and permitted Britain to set up their consulate in the British Concession. Thus, Hankou became an open trading port finally.

Hubei under Zhang Zhidong In the fifteenth year of Guangxu Period (1889) of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong was transferred from Guangdong to be the governor-general of Hunan and Hubei. Zhang Zhidong ( Chinese:張之洞 Pinyin: Zhāng Zhīdòng Wade-Giles: Chang Chih-tung Courtesy Xiàodá (孝達 Pseudonyms Guangdong ( EFEO: Kouangtong; Pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the ( is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China. By 1906, he had governed Hubei for 17 years. During this period, he elucidated the theory of “Chinese learning as the basis, Western learning for application,” known as the ti-yong ideal. He set up many heavy industries, founded Hanyang Steel Plant, Daye Iron Mine, Pingxiang Coal Mine and Hubei Arsenal and set up local textile industries, boosting the flourishing modern industry in Wuhan. Meanwhile, he initiated educational reform, opened dozens of modern educational organizations successively, such as Lianghu (Hunan and Hubei) Academy of Classical Learning, Civil General Institute, Military General Institute, Foreign Languages Institute and Lianghu (Hunan and Hubei) General Normal School, and selected a great many students for study overseas, which well promoted the development of China’s modern education. Furthermore, he trained modern military and organized a modern army including a zhen and a xie (both zhen and xie are military units in the Qing Dynasty) in Hubei. All of these laid a solid foundation for the modernization of Wuhan.

Wuchang Uprising On October 10 of the third year of Xuantong Period of the Qing Dynasty (1911), an armed uprising broke out in Wuchang. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Before uprising, with the purpose of overthrowing the Manchu Dynasty, bourgeois revolutionaries conducted deep and wide propaganda and mobilization and founded various revolutionary organizations in Wuhan. In earlier September 1911, the Qing Government moved part of the Hubei new army to Sichuan for suppressing the people’s uprising there, which made a good chance for the uprising in Wuhan. On September 14th, Literature Society and gongjinhui, the two greatest revolutionary organizations in Hubei, jointly founded the uprising headquarters in Wuchang and decided to rise up. On the morning of October 9th, the bomb at the office of the political arrangement exploded accidentally and unfortunately, and the uprising proclamation, beadroll and official seal fell into the hands of Rui Cheng, the governor-general of Hunan and Hubei, who demolished the uprising headquarters in Wuchang the same day, and decided to raid the revolutionaries according to the beadroll. At this critical moment, the conductors from the basal backbones of revolutionary organizations contacted each other secretly and made a decision of immediate uprising. On the night of 10th, the revolutionaries fired to rise in revolt at the engineering barracks of new army, and then led on the new army of all barracks to rise up successively. Under the guidance of Wu Zhaolin, Cai Jimin, etc. , the revolutionary army seized the official residence of the governor and government offices including fan, nie, etc. in Hubei. Rui Cheng fled in panic into the Chu-Yu Ship anchored by the river, and Zhang Biao, the controller of Qing army, also discarded the city and fled away. On the morning of 11th, the revolutionary army took the whole city of Wuchang. But the leaders such as Jiang Yiwu, Sun Wu disappeared then, thus the acephalous revolutionary army recommended Li Yuanhong, the assistant governor of Qing army, as the commander-in-chief, founded Hubei Military Government, proclaimed the abolishment of the Qing Dynasty’s imperialism and the founding of Republic of China, as well as published an open telegram for call to uprising of every province. As the beginning of the Revolution of 1911 (led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, which overthrew the Qing Dynasty), Wuchang Uprising played a most important role in raising upsurge of the democratic revolution, which also was called “the lead in launching the Revolution of 1911” since 1911 was the year of xinhai in traditional Chinese chronology.

National Government Moved its Capital to Wuhan In 1926, with the north extension of Northern Expedition, the center of Great Revolution shifted from the Pearl River basin to the Yangtze River basin. On November 26, the KMT Central Political Committee decided to move the capital to Wuhan. Events 43 BC - The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian" later "Caesar Augustus" In middle December, most of the KMT central executive commissioners and National Government commissioners arrived in Wuhan, set up the temporary joint conference of central executive commissioners and National Government commissioners, performed the top functions of central party headquarters and National Government, and declared they would work in Wuhan on January 1, 1927 and decided to combined the three towns of Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang into Wuhan City, called “Capital District”. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The National Government was located in the Nanyang Building in Hankou, while the central party headquarters and other organizations chose their locations in Hankou or Wuchang. In the earlier period after its move, the National Government approved and implemented a series of policies and resolutions in favor of people, and boosted the development of the national revolution, thus received warmly supports from the people.

The Castaway Zhongshan Warship in Jinkou In early October in 1938, Japanese aggressors moved east and north respectively upon outskirts of Wuhan. As a result, the Party and government institution, large quantities of companies and enterprises and numerous people had to withdraw from Wuhan to the west of Hubei and Sichuan. The KMT navy undertook the responsibility of defending Yangtze River on patrol and covering the withdrawal. On 24 October, when seeing over the waters of the Yangtze River near Jinkou town (Jiangxia District in Wuhan) in Wuchang, the famous navy warship of the KMT Zhongshan warship come up against 6 Japanese planes. Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat The planes took turns to dive to strafe and bomb Zhongshan warship crazily. Though Captain Sha Shijun led the whole officers and soldiers and shot down two hostile planes, the Zhongshan warship eventually sank down due to serious ravages with 25 officers and soldiers sacrificing their valuable lives. Originally named Yongfeng warship, the Zhongshan warship, 62. 1 meters long and 8. 9 meters wide, was a gunboat ordered in Japanese Mitsubishi Shipyard by the Qing Government in 1910 with a tonnage of 836 tons and a speed of 13. 5 sea miles/h. In 1913, Zhongshan warship with 138 seamen was incorporated in the first armada of Chinese navy, which then took part under the guidance of Cheng Biguang in the constitution defending movement launched by Sun Yat-sen in July 1917. Moreover, Sun Yat-sen stayed on Yongfeng warship for over 50 days in the command of putting down the rebellion raised by Chen Jiongming in June 1922 personally. To commemorate Sun Yat-sen, Yongfeng warship was renamed as Zhongshan warship on 13 April in 1625, which was even utilized by Jiang Jieshi to fabricate the 320 Event for excluding Communists in 1926. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople In view of Zhongshan warship’s significant historical values, the cultural relic department of Hubei province endeavored for years to salvage it and finally succeeded in 1996, and built a Zhongshan warship exhibition hall in Jinkou after it was repaired.

Completion and Opening-to-traffic of the First Yangtze River Bridge The project of building the First Yangtze River Bridge was regarded as one of the key projects during the period of the first five-year plan. The Engineering Bureau of the First Yangtze River Bridge, set up by the Ministry of Railway in April 1953, was responsible for the design and construction of the bridge. The document “Resolutions on Building the First Yangtze River Bridge” was passed in the 203rd conference of State Council on 15 January 1954. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) The technical conference on the routes of the bridge, was held in Hankou on 15 January 1955, determined that the route from Tortoise Hill to Snake Hill was the best choice. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) On 25 October, the bridge proper was under construction. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a The same day in 1957 the whole project was completed and an opening-to-traffic ceremony was held on 15 October. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the The whole bridge was 1670 m long, of which the superstratum was a highway with a width of 22. 5 m and the substratum was a double-line railway with a width of 18 m. The bridge proper was 1156 m long with two pairs of eight piers and nine arches with a space of 128 m between each arch. Thanks to the First Yangtze River Bridge, Beijing-Wuhan and Guangdong-Wuhan railways were available and any place could be reached from Wuchang, Hankou to Hanyang. Thus Wuhan was a thoroughfare to nine provinces not only in reality but in name as well.

Administrative Divisions

Wuhan administers over a dozen districts and 3 economic development districts.

1. Jiang'an District (江岸区)
2. Jianghan District (江汉区)
3. Qiaokou District (硚口区)
4. Hanyang District (汉阳区)
5. Wuchang District (武昌区)
6. Qingshang District (青山区)
7. Hongshan District (洪山区)
8. Caidian District (蔡甸区)
9. Dongxihu District (东西湖区)
10. Hannan District (汉南区)
11. Jiangxia District (江夏区)
12. Huangpi District (黄陂区)
13. Xinzhou District (新洲区)
14. Wuhan Economic and Technology Development District (武汉经济技术开发区)
15. Donghu New Technology District (东湖新技术开发区)
16. Wujiashan Taiwan Investment District (吴家山台商投资区)

Transportation

First bridge seen from Hanyang

Chang Jiang Bridge at Wuhan was built over the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang) in 1957, carrying the railroad directly across the river between Snake Hill (on the left in the picture below) and Turtle Hill. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Before this bridge was built it could take up to an entire day to barge railcars across. See also Merchant ship A train ferry is a Ship designed to carry railway vehicles Including its approaches, it is 5,511 feet (1680 m) long, and it accommodates both a double-track railway on a lower deck and a four lane roadway above. It was built with the assistance of advisers from the Soviet Union, it is therefore a strange piece of Stalinist architecture in the middle of China. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991

The First Bridge at Wuhan. This view is downstream, backward the distant Three Gorges and Chongqing

The roads expressways and bridges

The second bridge, a cable-stayed bridge, built of pre-stressed concrete, has a central span of 400 meters The Wuhan Second Changjiang Bridge is 4,678 meters in length (including 1,877 meters of the main bridge) and 26. The Three Gorges ( Gorgesogg|listen now}} region is a scenic area along the Yangtze River in the People's Republic of China with a total Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China A 5 to 33. 5 meters in width. Its main bridgeheads are 90 meters high each, pulling 392 thick slanting cables together in the shape of double fans, so that the central span of the bridge is well poised on the piers and the bridge's stability and vibration resistance are ensured. With six lanes on the deck, the bridge is designed to handle 50,000 motor vehicles passing every day. The bridge was completed in 1995.

The third bridge

The Third Wuhan Changjiang Bridge was completed in September 2000. Located 8. 6 kilometers southwest of the First Bridge, construction of Baishazhou Bridge started in 1997. With an investment of over 1. 4 billion yuan (about 170 million U. S. dollars), the bridge, which is 3,586 meters long and 26. 5 meters wide, has six lanes and has a capacity of 50,000 vehicles a day. The bridge is expected to serve as a major passage for the future Wuhan Ring Road, enormously easing the city's traffic and aiding local economic development.

Railway

The city proper in Wuhan is served by two railway stations located in the boroughs of Hankou and Wuchang. Hankou ( Wade-Giles: Hankow is one of the three towns together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital Wuchang District ( is one of the three towns together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei As a result, the railway system in China actually does not have a unique designation for the name "Wuhan", and trains heading to Wuhan are marked with the respective borough's station name, and not the city's. In 2006, construction began on a the new Wuhan Railway Station with 11 platforms.

Public transit

Wuhan Metro In September 2004, Wuhan became the sixth Chinese city with a subway system (after Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen). The Wuhan Metro ( is an elevated and underground metro system in the city of Wuhan, China. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately The first 10. 2 km line (10 stations) is an elevated rail (and therefore called 'light rail' in Chinese terminology). It runs from Huangpu to Zongguan in the downtown area of the Hankou District, and it is the first one in the country to use a communication-based train control system (a Moving Block signalling system, provided by Alcatel). Railway signalling is a system used to control Railway traffic safely essentially to prevent Trains from colliding. Alcatel-Lucent is one of the world's biggest industry players in Telecommunications that provides hardware software and services to Service Providers Enterprises and The designed minimum interval is only 90 seconds between two trains and it features driverless operation.

Air

Main article: Wuhan Tianhe International Airport

Opened in April 1995, Wuhan Tianhe International Airport is one of the busiest airports in central China and it is located 26 km north of Wuhan. Wuhan Tianhe International Airport ( Traditional Chinese: 武漢天河國際機場 Simplified Chinese: 武汉天河国际机场 Pinyin: Wǔhàn Tiānhé Wuhan Tianhe International Airport ( Traditional Chinese: 武漢天河國際機場 Simplified Chinese: 武汉天河国际机场 Pinyin: Wǔhàn Tiānhé It has also been selected as China's fourth international hub airport after Beijing Capital International Airport, Shanghai-Pudong and Guangzhou Baiyun. Beijing Capital International Airport, ( is the main international Airport that serves the capital city of Beijing, People's Republic of China. A second terminal is expected to be completed in July 2008, having been started in February 2005 with an investment of RMB3. 372 billion.

Waterway

Tourist sites

Replica instruments of ancient originals are played at the Hubei Provincial Museum. Hubei Provincial Museum ( Chinese: 湖北省博物馆 is one of the best-known museums in China with a large amount of State-level historic and cultural relics A replica set of bronze concert bells is in the background and a set of stone chimes is to the right

• At Wuchang you can find the East Lake (the largest lake within a city in China) and South Lake. Wuchang District ( is one of the three towns together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei
• The Hubei Provincial Museum includes many artifacts excavated from ancient tombs, including a magnificent and unique concert bell set (bianzhong). Hubei Provincial Museum ( Chinese: 湖北省博物馆 is one of the best-known museums in China with a large amount of State-level historic and cultural relics Bianzhong ( is an ancient Chinese musical instrument consisting of a set of Bronze bells played melodically A dance and orchestral show is given here, using reproductions of the original instruments.
• The Rock and Bonsai Museum includes a magnificent mounted platybelodon skeleton, many unique and finely figured rocks, a giant quartz crystal (as large as an automobile) and an outdoor garden with miniature trees in the penjing ("Chinese Bonsai ") style. Platybelodon ("flat-tusk" was a Genus of large herbivorous Mammal related to the Elephant (order Proboscidea Penjing ( also known as penzai ( tray landscape, potted scenery, potted landscape, and miniature trees and rockery is the
• Some luxury Riverboat tours begin here after a flight from Beijing or Shanghai, with several days of flatland cruising and then climbing through the Three Gorges with passage upstream past the Gezhouba and Three Gorges dams to the city of Chongqing. A riverboat is Ship designed for Inland navigation. These vessels are usually less sturdy than ships built for the open seas with limited navigational and Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million The Three Gorges ( Gorgesogg|listen now}} region is a scenic area along the Yangtze River in the People's Republic of China with a total The Gezhouba Dam or Gezhouba Water Control Project ( pinyin chángjiāng gězhōubà shuǐlì shūniǔ gōngchéng is located in the suburbs of Yichang City Zh-yue三峽大壩 The Three Gorges Dam ( is a hydroelectric River Dam that spans the Yangtze River in Sandouping, Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China With the completion of the dam a number of cruises now start from the upstream side and continue west, with tourists traveling by motor coach from Wuhan. Although there is no longer the excitement of fast water cruising through the three gorges, and some of the historic wall carvings are now underwater, much of the drama of the high cliffs and narrow passages remains.

Ancient bronze concert bells at the Hubei Provincial Museum

• The Yellow Crane Tower (aka. Yellow Crane Tower (Chinese 黄[[wikt 鹤|鹤]] 楼; pinyin Huáng Hè Lóu is a famous and historic tower often rebuilt that stands on Sheshan (Snake Hill at Huanghelou), modern in structure, ancient in lore and legend. The original tower is presumed to have been first built in approximately 220 AD. The tower has been destroyed and reconstructed numerous times, was burned last according to some sources in 1884. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Jung Chang's book 'Mao The Unknown Story', however, refers to Mao ascending the Yellow Crane Pavilion in 1927 to look across the vastness of the Yangtze, suggesting a later date for its destruction. Complete reconstruction took place in 1981. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 The reconstruction utilized modern materials and even includes an elevator, yet in outward appearance and detail is true in spirit to the traditional design of the tower through the centuries.

• Jiqing Street(吉庆街), a street full of road side restaurants and street performers during the evening, well-known by Chinese due to a novel Live Show (生活秀) with stories of events on this street by Chi Li. Chi Li ( Chinese: 池莉 Pinyin: Chí Lì 1957 -) born in Xiantao, Hubei Province of China is a famed contemporary female Chinese

Yellow Crane Tower

Economy

Wuhan is a sub-provincial city. A sub-provincial city ( Chinese: 副省级城市 (or deputy-provincial city in the People's Republic of China, is a Prefecture-level city Its GDP was RMB 259 billion and GDP per capita was approximately RMB 30,200 (US$3,790) as of 2006. In 2006, the city's average disposable income was 12,360 yuan. Disposable income is Gross income minus Income tax on that income

Wuhan has currently attracted about 50 French invested companies, over one third of French investment in China, the most among Chinese cities. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. ^[2]

Wuhan is an important functional center for economy, trade, finance, transportation, information and technology, and education in Central China. Its major sectors include modern manufacture industry with optic-electronic information, automobile manufacture as the key components, steel manufacturing, new pharmaceutical sector, biology engineering, new material industry, environmental protection. Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Co. and Dongfeng-Citroen Automobile Co. , Ltd settle in this city. Besides, there are in this city 35 higher educational institutions including the well-known Wuhan University, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 3 state-level development zones and many enterprise incubators. The comprehensive strength of science and technology ranks the third in China. [3]

Colleges and universities

Wuhan is the scientific and educational center in Central China, with 35 higher educational institutions such as Wuhan University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, which cover all the fields of science and technology and employ elites and explorers in these fields. Wuhan has formed a comprehensive scientific and educational strength ranking the 3rd in China with its main force: three national development zones and four scientific and technologic development parks as well as numerous enterprise incubators, over 350 research institutes, 1470 hi-tech enterprises, and over 400,000 experts and technicians. There are eight national colleges and universities,^[3] and fourteen public colleges and universities^[4] in Wuhan.

National

Public

Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed. Wuhan University ( WHU; Simplified Chinese: 武汉大学 Traditional Chinese: 武漢大學 Pinyin: Wǔhàn Dàxué colloquially 武大 Wuhan University ( WHU; Simplified Chinese: 武汉大学 Traditional Chinese: 武漢大學 Pinyin: Wǔhàn Dàxué colloquially 武大 The Huazhong University of Science and Technology ( "HUST") is a public, Coeducational Research university located in Wuhan The Huazhong University of Science and Technology ( "HUST") is a public, Coeducational Research university located in Wuhan The Huazhong University of Science and Technology ( "HUST") is a public, Coeducational Research university located in Wuhan Huazhong Normal University (CCNU ( Chinese: 华中师范大学 also known as Central China Normal University, located in Wuhan, China Huazhong Normal University (CCNU ( Chinese: 华中师范大学 also known as Central China Normal University, located in Wuhan, China The China University of Geosciences ( Simplified Chinese: 中国地质大学 colloquially 地大 Pinyin: Zhōngguó Dìzhì Dàxué) is a key university Huazhong Agricultural University ( HAU) is a multi-disciplinary comprehensive university giving priority to Agriculture, characterized by life sciences and The Wuhan University of Technology (WHUT) was established on May 27 2000, as a key Project 211 institution under the administration of Ministry Zhongnan University of Economics and Law ( Chinese: 中南财经政法大学 is a university located in Wuhan, a metropolis of Central China Wuhan University of Science and Technology ( "WUST " Simplified Chinese: 武汉科技大学; Traditional Chinese: 武漢科技大學 Jianghan University (江汉大学 is a local University under the city government of Wuhan.

Language

Night lights at a major square in the Wuchang district of Wuhan.

Construction boom.

View from the base of Turtle Hill with the Yellow Crane tower seen in the distance.

Wuhan natives speak a dialect of Southwestern Mandarin Chinese. Because it also has a blend of southern Chinese elements, the Wuhan dialect was once promoted as the ideal basis for a Standard Chinese dialect.

Folklore

Because of its hot summer weather, Wuhan is known as one of the Three Furnaces of China, along with Nanjing and Chongqing. The Three Furnaces of China ( refers to the especially hot summer weather in several major cities in the People's Republic of China: Wuhan ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China Wuhan is by far the hottest of the Three Furnaces; the average temperature in July is 37. 2°C (99°F), and the maximum often exceeds 40°C (104°F).

The Lute Platform in Hanyang was where the legendary musician Yu Boya is said to have played. Bo Ya (伯牙 was a qin player from the Spring and Autumn Period or the Warring States period Yu Boya played for the last time over the grave of his friend Zhong Ziqi, then smashed his lute because the only person able to appreciate his music was dead.

Popular foods

• Hot and Dry Noodles, Re-gan mian (热干面) consists of long freshly boiled noodles mixed with sesame paste. Re gan mian is a typical breakfast fare of Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province in central China. The Chinese word re means hot and gan means dry. It is considered to be the most typical local food for breakfast.
• Duck's Neck or Ya Bozi (鸭脖子) is a local version of this popular Chinese dish, made of duck necks and spices.
• Bean Pan or Doupi (豆皮）is a popular local dish with a filling of egg, rice, beef, mushrooms and beans cooked between two large round soybean skins and cut into pieces, structurally like a stuffed pizza without enclosing edges.
• Soup Bun or Tangbao（汤包）is a kind of dumpling with thin skin made of flour, steamed with very juicy meat inside, it is called Tang (soup) Bao (bun), because every time one takes a bite from it the soup inside spills out.
• Salty Doughnut or Mianwo (面窝) is a kind of doughnut with salty taste. It's much thinner than common doughnut, and is a typical Wuhan local food.

Famous people

• Dong Bi Wu was the first judge for the highest court in the People's Republic of China. He founded the famous school Wuhan high school in 1920.
• Modern Writer Chi Li
• Tennis Players Li Na and Li Ting reside in Hankou. This is a Chinese name; the family name is Li. Li Na ( born February 26, 1982 in Wuhan Li Ting ( born January 5, 1980 in Wuhan, Hubei province is a female Tennis player from the People's Republic Hankou ( Wade-Giles: Hankow is one of the three towns together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital
• Olympic gold medal diver Fu Mingxia resided in Hankou. Diving off a deck into the Great South Bay of Long Islandjpg|thumb|A man dives into the Great South Bay of Long Island. Fu Mingxia ( Chinese: 伏明霞 Pinyin: Fú Mingxiá was born on August 16, 1978 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, Hankou ( Wade-Giles: Hankow is one of the three towns together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital
• Table tennis player Qiao Hong. Qiao Hong ( born November 21, 1968 in Wuhan, Hubei Province is a former female Chinese Table tennis player now
• Vice Premier and Minister Of Health of China Wu Yi, is a native of Wuhan. For the city see Yiwu For the mountains see Wuyi Mountains Wu Yi ( born November 1938 in Wuhan, She was ranked the 2nd Most Powerful Woman in the World by Forbes. com
• Famous actress Xu Fan.
• Olympic Games medal winner diver Hailiang Xiao is from Wuhan. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games Diving off a deck into the Great South Bay of Long Islandjpg|thumb|A man dives into the Great South Bay of Long Island. Xiao Hailiang ( born January 24, 1977 in Wuhan) is a Chinese diver who won a bronze medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics
• Chang-lin Tien, former Chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley (1990–97)
• Professional badminton player and two time Olympic gold medalist Gao Ling was born in Wuhan
• Liu Yi Fei (Crystal Liu) starring in the upcoming movie The Forbidden Kingdom alongisde Jet Li and Jackie Chan is from Wuhan

Soccer

In 2005, Wuhan FC won CSL (China Super League) Cup, for the first time since the Chinese professional football league was formed in 1994. Chang-lin Tien, GBM (田長霖 Pinyin: Tián Chánglín July 24, 1935 – October 29, 2002) as the 8th Chancellor The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley Gao Ling ( born March 14, 1979 in Wuhan, Hubei province is a female Badminton player from the People's Republic of China Crystal Liu (born 25 August 1987) is a Chinese Actress and Singer. The Forbidden Kingdom ( is a 2008 American martial arts - Adventure film from Lionsgate and The Weinstein Company Li Lianjie (born April 26 1963 better known by his stage name Jet Li, is a Chinese martial artist (Kung fu Actor, Wushu champion Jackie Chan, SBS, MBE (born Chan Kong Sang, 陳港生 on 7 April 1954 is an Actor, action choreographer, Film director
In May 2006 top Chinese soccer team Wuhan Huanghelou announced that they had formed a lucrative deal with top English team Bolton Wanderers which would see both coaching and commercial methods exchanged. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered FC Wuhan is the Footbal Club which is located in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province China. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Bolton Wanderers Football Club is an English professional football club based in Horwich, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater

Sister cities

• Adelaide, Australia, since July 2007
• Arnhem, Netherlands, since June 1999
• Bordeaux, France, since June 18, 1998
• Borlänge, Sweden, since September 2007
• Cheongju, Republic of Korea, since October 29, 2000
• Christchurch, New Zealand, since April 4, 2006
• Duisburg, Germany, since October 8, 1982
• Galaţi, Romania, since August 12, 1987
• Győr, Hungary, since October 19, 1995
• Khartoum, Sudan, since September 27, 1995
• Kiev, Ukraine, since October 19, 1990
• Manchester, United Kingdom, since September 16, 1986
• Markham, Canada, since September 12, 2006
• Ōita, Japan, since September 7, 1979
• Pittsburgh, United States of America, since September 8, 1982
• Porsgrunn, Norway, since June 2004
• Sankt Pölten, Austria, since December 20, 2005

See also

• 1954 Yangtze River Floods
• List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population
• List of current and former capitals of subnational entities of China

References

External links

• Wuhan Government website