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Wrexham
Welsh: Wrecsam


St Giles' Church, Wrexham

Wrexham (United Kingdom)
Wrexham

Wrexham shown within the United Kingdom
Population 42,576 (2001)
OS grid reference SJ335505
Principal area Wrexham
Ceremonial county Clwyd
Constituent country Wales
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town WREXHAM
Postcode district LL11-14
Dialling code 01978
Police North Wales
Fire North Wales
Ambulance Welsh
European Parliament Wales
UK Parliament Wrexham, Clwyd South
Welsh Assembly Wrexham, Clwyd South
List of places: UKWalesWrexham

Coordinates: 53°02′N 2°59′W / 53.03, -2.98

Wrexham (Welsh: Wrecsam) is the largest town in North Wales, in the east of the region. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic St Giles' Church is the Parish church of Wrexham, Wales, and its tower is traditionally one of the Seven Wonders of Wales and commemorated in The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude For Local government purposes Wales is divided into 22 Unitary authorities, which are responsible for the provision of all local government services including education Government The region is governed as a unitary authority by Wrexham County Borough Council. The Preserved counties of Wales are the current areas used in Wales for ceremonial purposes such as Lieutenancy. Clwyd is a preserved county of Wales. From 1974 until 1996 it was a county with a County council, and was divided into six districts Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Llandudno postcode area, is a group of UK Postal districts covering North Wales (but excluding areas near the English The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. North Wales Police (Heddlu Gogledd Cymru is the Territorial police force responsible for policing North Wales. The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The North Wales Fire and Rescue Service (Gwasanaeth Tân ac Achub Gogledd Cymru is the fire and rescue service covering the predominantly rural principal areas The Welsh Ambulance Service (also called the Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust or Ymddiriedolaeth GIG Gwasanaethau Ambiwlans Cymru) was established on April 1 1998 Wales is a Constituency of the European Parliament. It currently elects 4 MEPs using the D'Hondt method of Party-list proportional representation This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Wrexham is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Clwyd South ( De Clwyd in Welsh) is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom ( Westminster The National Assembly for Wales (Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales. Wrexham is a constituency of the National Assembly for Wales. Clwyd South is a constituency of the National Assembly for Wales. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in Wales Lists of This is a list of towns and villages in the principal area of Wrexham (county borough, Wales. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic North Wales (Gogledd Cymru is the northernmost unofficial region of Wales, bordered to the south by Mid Wales and to the east by England. It is situated between the Welsh mountains and the lower Dee valley, close to the border with Cheshire, England. Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It is the main commercial, retail, educational and cultural centre in North Wales, and often termed the 'capital of North Wales'. North Wales (Gogledd Cymru is the northernmost unofficial region of Wales, bordered to the south by Mid Wales and to the east by England. [1] Wrexham is the administrative centre of the wider County Borough of Wrexham, a local government area which encompasses other settlements. Administrative centre (in Norwegian administrativt senter; in Portuguese centro administrativo) is often used in several countries to refer to Government The region is governed as a unitary authority by Wrexham County Borough Council.

At the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Wrexham had a population of 42,576, the wider Wrexham Urban Area, as defined by the Office for National Statistics, had a population of 63,084[2]. A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 The Office for National Statistics (ONS is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly The wider Wrexham county borough, which covers 50,500 hectares, has a population of over 130,000. Wrexham is the most populous and largest conurbation in Wales away from the south coast. South Wales (De Cymru is an area of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south and Mid Wales and West Wales

Contents

History

Main article: History of Wrexham

Evidence of human activity in the Wrexham area have been found as far back as 8000 years ago. The History of Wrexham from the Prehistoric to current day Wrexham is a large Town in the north-east of Wales with a long history However the first known settlement was known as "al-ham" Castle, which was a motte and bailey located in what is now known as Erddig Park, in 1161. The town became part of the county of Denbighshire when it was created in 1536. The old Denbighshire (Sir Ddinbych is one of thirteen Historic counties of Wales, and a former administrative county, which covered an area in north-east Wales Wrexham was divided into two distinct townships, Wrexham Regis (which was under the control of the King) and Wrexham Abbot (generally the older parts of the town, which originally belonged to Valle Crucis Abbey at nearby Llangollen). Valle Crucis Abbey ( Welsh: Abaty Glyn y Groes or Abaty Glyn Egwestl) is in the Dee (Dyfrdwy valley about 1½ miles upstream and north of Llangollen (ɬaŋ'ɡoɬɛn is a small town in Denbighshire, north-east Wales, situated on the River Dee and on the edge of the Berwyn

The King's Mill
The King's Mill

In the 18th century Wrexham was known for its leather industry. There were skinners and tanners in the town. The horns from cattle were used to make things like combs and buttons. There was also a nail making industry in Wrexham.

In the mid-18th century Wrexham was no more than a small market town with a population of perhaps 2,000. However in the late 18th century Wrexham grew rapidly as it became one of the pioneers of the industrial revolution.

Bersham Ironworks as it stands today
Bersham Ironworks as it stands today

In the late 18th century Wrexham was transformed by the coming of the industrial revolution. It began when the famous entrepreneur John Wilkinson (1728-1808) known as 'Iron Mad Wilkinson' opened Bersham Ironworks in 1762. In 1793 he opened a smelting plant at Brymbo.

Wrexham gained its first newspaper in 1848. The Market Hall was built in 1848, and in 1863 a volunteer fire brigade was founded.

It was home to a large number of breweries and tanning became one of Wrexham's main industries, due to its history as a market town. In the mid 19th century Wrexham was granted borough status. A borough is an Administrative division of various countries In principle the term borough designates a self-governing Township although in practice

Modern history

Hope Street, Wrexham town centre
Hope Street, Wrexham town centre

In the latter half of the twentieth century, Wrexham began a period of depression: the many coal mines closed first, followed by the brickworks and other industries, and finally Brymbo Steelworks in September 1990. A recession is a contraction phase of the Business cycle. The U Wrexham faced an economic crisis. Many residents were anxious to sell their homes and move to areas with better employment prospects, however buyers were uninterested in an area where there was little prospect of employment. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Many people were caught in a negative equity trap. Negative equity is a term used to refer to when the value of an asset used to secure a loan is less than the outstanding balance on the loan Wrexham was suffering from the same problems as much of industrialised Britain and saw little investment in the 1970s.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the Welsh Development Agency (WDA) intervened to improve Wrexham's situation: it funded a major dual carriageway, the A483, bypassing Wrexham town centre and connecting it with Chester and Shrewsbury, which in turn had connections with other big cities such as Manchester and Liverpool. The Welsh Development Agency (WDA was an Assembly Sponsored Public Body (ASPB established in 1976 to encourage Business development and Investment A dual carriageway or divided highway is a road or Highway in which the two directions of traffic are separated by a central barrier or strip of land known as a The A483 is a major road in the United Kingdom, running from Swansea in Wales to Chester in England. Chester is the County town of Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 77040 Shrewsbury ( /ˈʃruːzbri/ or /ˈʃroʊzbri/ is the County town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary It also funded shops and reclaimed areas environmentally damaged by the coal industry. The town centre was regenerated and attracted a growing number of high street chains. However, the biggest breakthrough was the Wrexham Industrial Estate, previously used in the Second World War became home to many manufacturing and technology businesses. The Wrexham Industrial Estate is the largest industrial estate in the north of Wales, (2nd largest in United Kingdom There are currently over 250 businesses on the Wrexham Industrial Estate and in the surrounding area. A dual carriageway from the main A483 was extended halfway to the Estate in 2003, and is expected to reach it by 2011.

In June 2003, the Caia Park estate in Wrexham was hit by the Caia Park Riots. Formerly Queens Park Caia Park is a large council-owned estate in Wrexham, north-east Wales. A housing estate is a group of buildings built together as a single development The Caia Park riots occurred Tension between Iraqi Kurds and locals centred on one of the estates' pubs escalated and resulted in petrol bombs and other missiles being hurled at police trying to restore order. The Molotov cocktail, also known as the booze bomb, alcohol bomb or Molotov bomb, is a generic name used for a variety of improvised incendiary 51 local residents received prison sentences. There has been no repeat of the events of 2003.

Wrexham as a whole has since seen a vast influx (10-15,000) of Polish and Portuguese migrant workers. There are two Polish shops in Wrexham Town Centre and a Portuguese cafe in Hightown

Regeneration

Recent years have seen a large amount of redevelopment in Wrexham's town centre. The creation and re-development of civic and public areas such as Queens Square, Belle Vue Park and Llwyn Isaf have improved the area dramatically. New shopping areas have been created at Henblas Square and Island Green and major development is currently taking place at Eagles Meadow — a fairly large area of land between St. Giles and the inner ring road. The development when completed will increase Wrexham's retail area by over 400,000 sq ft (40,000 m²) and house a large range of high quality retail outlets, bars, restaurants, cinema, bowling alley and new apartments. It will include public areas and an iconic bridge to connect the development with the old High Street. The housing boom is also being felt in Wrexham.

The central area has seen a number conversions and new build apartment complexes. Apartments have been built on a large area off Mold Road (close to the football ground) and are planned for Salop Road (close to Eagles Meadow), and close to the Island Green shopping complex. Outside of the town centre new build estates are being developed in Brymbo (former steelworks site).

Wrexham Western Gateway site (Ruthin Road) and Mold Road. Plans are due to be unveiled (Summer 2007) of the next stage in the development of Wrexham Technology Park as one of the country's first sustainable business centres - the development is expected to increase the size of the Park by more than a third before 2012.

Plans have been unveiled for a £17m waste processing centre for Wrexham which will help reduce the amount of waste going to landfill sites. For other uses see Water treatment and Land reclamation. A landfill, also known as a dump (and historically as It is believed the centre will be built on Wrexham's industrial estate and run by the Spanish-owned Waste Recycling Group. Plans for a recycling centre in Wrexham have been approved, but the permission granted to Waste Recycling Group is subject to several conditions including measures to off-set the effects on wildlife.

Wrexham is undergoing a substantial period of population growth. House prices have risen to some of the highest levels in Wales as demand has risen both locally, from over the English border and from international migrants.

An estimated 15,000 eastern Europeans have settled in Wrexham since 2004, mainly around the central areas of the town around Hightown, Smithfield and Queens Park. The demand from housing has led to the development of whole new neighbourhoods on the outskirts of the town. These include over 500 homes at the former Brymbo Steelworks site, a ribbon of development on Mold Road leading out of the town (which includes four development companies) and Ruthin Road (Wrexham Western Gateway). There are yet further plans, one of which is the controversial development of National Trust land at Erddig for over 250 homes. The town centre has also experienced large-scale apartment developments which continue to be developed.

In the third quarter of 2007, house prices were still rising by 6. 4% (9. 9% annually) with the average price at £178,518. Sales were around 220 for this period and projected as 880 for the year. The average house price is 8% higher than both Newport and Swansea, and 6% less than Cardiff[3].

Governance

Wrexham County Borough Council elects a mayor who serves for one year. Government The region is governed as a unitary authority by Wrexham County Borough Council. The current mayor of Wrexham is Councillor Joan Lowe. She is the ninth female mayor of Wrexham. Wrexham Council's website, is one of the leading council websites in the country. People who live under the jurisdiction of Wrexham County Borough Council are able to pay taxes, debts and other fees through the website. A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. They can also access many other services, such as reporting crimes, submitting planning applications and applying for permits. In the sociological field, crime is the breach of a rule or Law for which some governing authority or force may ultimately prescribe a Punishment

The Wrexham constituency elects members to the UK Parliament and the National Assembly for Wales. In the United Kingdom (UK, each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories The National Assembly for Wales (Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales. The constituency includes both the town and some of its outlying villages such as Gwersyllt, Llay, Marford and Rossett. A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures goals or loyalty

The UK Parliament constituency of Wrexham has long been a safe seat for the Labour Party. Wrexham is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A safe seat is a seat in a legislative body (eg Congress Parliament City Council which is regarded as fully secured either by a certain Political party, the The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The current Member of Parliament is Ian Lucas, and the Assembly Member for the National Assembly for Wales constituency of Wrexham is Lesley Griffiths. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Ian Colin Lucas (born 18 September 1960, Gateshead) has been the Labour Party Member of Parliament for Wrexham in the The National Assembly for Wales is composed of 60 members known as AMs or Assembly Members (in Welsh: ACau or Aelodau'r Cynulliad Wrexham is a constituency of the National Assembly for Wales. (Susan Lesley Griffiths (born 1960 is a Welsh Labour Party politician

City status

Wrexham is the largest settlement in north Wales, and has applied for city status several times, most recently in 2002, as part of the celebrations for the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II. The Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II marked the fiftieth anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II 's accession to the throne Other Welsh applicants were Aberystwyth, Machynlleth, Newtown, Newport, and St Asaph. Aberystwyth (Mouth of the River Ystwyth ˌæbəˈrɪstwɪθ Dialect: abɛrˈəstɔʏθ is a historic Market town, administrative centre and holiday resort within Machynlleth ( pronounced; sometimes referred to Colloquially as Mach) is Newtown (Y Drenewydd is the largest Town in the County of Powys, Mid Wales with a Population of 12783 (2001 Newport (Casnewydd is a city and principal area in Wales, in the United Kingdom. St Asaph ( Welsh: Llanelwy) is a town in Denbighshire, North Wales, on the River Elwy. The local authority cited the following claims as to why Wrexham should be granted city status:

In the end, the Welsh award was given to Newport in South Wales, however the borough still holds out hope of gaining the status in the near future.

Wrexham is a regional centre for the whole of North and Mid Wales and recent studies suggets inreasing support for the idea as Wrexham goes through a period of growth. A recent survey[4] carried out by local newspaper, the Wrexham Evening Leader, in October 2007 showed that 76 percent polled supported the idea of Wrexham becoming a city. The Evening Leader is a daily evening paper distributed on week nights Just 22. 5 percent said it should remain a town, while 1. 5 percent were undecided.

Geography

Unusally for a large town, Wrexham is not built up alongside a major river. Instead it is situated on a relatively flat plateau between the lower Dee Valley and eastern most mountains of Wales. This situation enabled it to grow as a market town as a cross roads between England and Wales and later as an industrial hub - due to its rich natural reserves of iron ore and coal. It does however have three relatively minor rivers running through parts of the town. These are the rivers Clywedog, Gwenfro and Alyn. The River Clywedog in the county borough of Wrexham, Wales has always been the lifeblood of the area watering crops and livestock since early times powering The River Alyn ( Welsh: Afon Alun) is a Tributary of the River Dee. Wrexham is also famed for the quality of its underground water reserves, which gave rise to its previous dominance as a major brewing centre.

Originally a market town with surrounding small villages, Wrexham is now coalesced with a number of urban villages and forms North Wales' largest conurbation of around 100,000 people. North Wales (Gogledd Cymru is the northernmost unofficial region of Wales, bordered to the south by Mid Wales and to the east by England. The Office for National Statistics defines a Wrexham Urban Area which consists of Wrexham Town and some coalesced suburbs (Pop. The Office for National Statistics (ONS is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly 63,084 in 2001).

Wrexham's Urban Area (pink) and surrounding villages (circles)
Wrexham's Urban Area (pink) and surrounding villages (circles)

Wrexham urban area

Demographics

In April 2008, the IPPR identified Wrexham with the largest influx of Eastern European economic migrants in Wales. Acton, or Acton Park as it is sometimes referred to is a community in the Wrexham County Borough of Wales. Borras (Bwras is a community in the Wrexham county borough in Wales. Bryn Offa is a small local-authority housing estate in the south-western suburbs of Wrexham, north-east Wales, and is close to the Wrexham Maelor hospital The Broughton Community is used to describe the villages of Brynteg Caego New Broughton and Southsea Formerly Queens Park Caia Park is a large council-owned estate in Wrexham, north-east Wales. Erddig Hall is a National Trust property on the outskirts of Wrexham, Wales. Garden Village may refer to Garden Village Ebbw Vale, Wales Garden Village Leeds, England Garden Village North Gwersyllt is a densely populated urban village in the Suburbs of Wrexham in Wales. The Wrexham Industrial Estate is the largest industrial estate in the north of Wales, (2nd largest in United Kingdom Plas Coch is an unofficial area in the Wrexham County Borough of Wales. Stansty is a community in the Wrexham County Borough in Wales. Rhosddu is a community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It is situated in the north-western suburbs of the town of Wrexham It neighbours Wrexham (Wrecsam is a town and principal area in Wales. It is the largest town in North Wales and lies to the east of the region Rhosrobin is a small Village situated in Wrexham county borough in Wales, about 2 miles (3 Rhostyllen is a Village in the south of Wrexham county borough in Wales. Wrexham Town Centre is the term generally given to the central area of Wrexham, north Wales. Between 2004 and 2007 a total of 3430 people from these countries had registered for work in Wrexham.

Economy

Wrexham's economy has been transformed in the past twenty years, from one dominated by heavy and traditional industry into a major high tech manufacturing, technology and services hub. Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt Wrexham Industrial Estate to the east of the town is the UK's second-largest industrial park, and among the largest in Europe. The Wrexham Industrial Estate is the largest industrial estate in the north of Wales, (2nd largest in United Kingdom An industrial estate is an area of land set aside for industrial development. The remainder of the industrial parks are located around the A483 corridor to the west of the town. Companies such as Sharp, Brother, Tetra-Pak, J. C. Bamford, Cadbury and Kelloggs have major manufacturing, research or office bases in and around the town. () is a Japanese Electronics manufacturer founded in 1912 It takes its name from one of its founder's first inventions the Ever-Sharp Mechanical pencil, which ( is a diversified Japanese company that produces a wide variety of products including Sewing machines large Machine tools Label printers and Typewriters Tetra Pak is a multinational Food processing and Packaging company of Swedish origin JCB, or J C Bamford (Excavators Ltd as it is more properly known is a family business named after its founder J Kellogg Company (often referred to as simply Kellogg or Kellogg's, or even more formally Kellogg's of Battle Creek) is an American multinational International pharmaceutical and chemical companies are also well represented including Flexsys and Wockhardt. Service and smaller high technology set-ups are generally found closer to the centre at Wrexham Technology Park and within the town centre itself.

Wrexham has done well to hold on to a substantial manufacturing base, after facing stiff competition from growing eastern European and Asian economies. Around 25% of jobs in Wrexham are in the manufacturing sector, with a growing number in service, financial and technology industries.

In 2007 the town was ranked 5th in the UK for business start-up success, higher than most larger UK towns and cities[5]. Wrexham county borough as a whole has an economic activity rate of 79. 5%, which is above both the Wales and Great Britain averages.

In November 2006 unemployment in Wrexham stood at 1. 9%. This is below the averages for Wales at 2. 3% and the UK at 2. 5%.

Wrexham's dominant manufacturing sector and low rate of unemployment has attracted many migrant workers from eastern Europe, mainly Poland. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland It is estimated around 10-15,000 Poles have migrated to the town over the past five years.

In the last five years high land prices have led to large apartment blocks being built in and around the town. Scarcity of town centre land has led to numerous housing estates being built in the surrounding villages on the outskirts, notably in Brymbo, Gwersyllt and Rhostyllen. Brymbo is a Village in the County borough of Wrexham, Wales. It forms part of the Wrexham Urban Area (pop 63000 and is also a local government Gwersyllt is a densely populated urban village in the Suburbs of Wrexham in Wales. Rhostyllen is a Village in the south of Wrexham county borough in Wales.

Shopping

The main shopping streets in Wrexham are: Abbot Street, Bank Street, Henblas Street, Hight Street, King Street, Regent Street, Overton Arcade, Hope Street and Queen Street.

A cluster of retail parks are situated around the inner ring road at the Central and Border retail parks. Plas Coch and Berse retail parks are situated on the outskirts close to the A483. Central and Island Green retail parks are situated in the town centre close to Wrexham Central railway station.

The Eagles Meadow Development taken from Temple Row
The Eagles Meadow Development taken from Temple Row

In 1999, almost at a stroke, Wrexham town centre added over 250,000 square feet (23,000 m²) of retail shopping space when the Henblas Square and Island Green developments were completed. Eagles Meadow is an area of Central Wrexham that has had a variety of uses over hundreds of years In 2008 a 400,000 square feet (40,000 m²) development will be completed at Eagles Meadow. Eagles Meadow is an area of Central Wrexham that has had a variety of uses over hundreds of years This will increase Wrexham's shopping catchment to half a million shoppers. Stores committed to the development include Debenhams, Marks & Spencer, H&M, Next, River Island, TenPin and Odeon. The new development will be connected to Yorke Street / High Street by an iconic bridge.

Traditional markets - there are three covered markets (Butter, Butchers and Peoples Markets) plus North Wales' largest open air market based in the town centre each Monday (including Bank Holidays).

Wrexham boasts the most used Shopmobility Service in North Wales, which is free. Much of the Wrexham Town Centre is pedestrianised.

There are short stay car parks adjacent to the town centre. Long-stay parking is available at St. Marks (NCP) at the northern end of Regent Street or the larger surface park (WCBC)

Culture

The Arc sculpture
The Arc sculpture

Arts

Wrexham hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1888, 1912, 1933 and 1977, as well as an unofficial National Eisteddfod event in 1876. The National Eisteddfod of Wales ( Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Cymru) is the most important of several Eisteddfodau that are held annually mostly in Wales. Wrexham has a number of theatres, including the Grove Park Theatre on Vicarage Hill, the Riverside Studio Theatre at Wrexham Musical Theatre Society on Salop Road and the Yale Studio theatre close to Llwyn Isaf. Local theatre group,Tip Top Productions [1] also present the annual Christmas Pantomime at The Stiwt Theatre in nearby Rhosllanerchrugog. The main Arts centre is at Wrexham County Library, with others at NEWI in Plas Coch and Yale College. There is a multi-screen Odeon cinema in the Plas Coch retail park just outside the town centre, with another planned at the new Eagles Meadow development — due to open 2008. The nearby town of Llangollen holds the International Musical Eisteddfod every July. Llangollen (ɬaŋ'ɡoɬɛn is a small town in Denbighshire, north-east Wales, situated on the River Dee and on the edge of the Berwyn

Science

Every March the town hosts the Wrexham Science Festival. Over 9000 visitors attended events in 2007, making the event one of the biggest of its kind.

Wrexham is also home to a branch of Techniquest, known as Techniquest@newi. Techniquest is a science and discovery centre in Cardiff Bay, Wales. The science discovery centre is situated within NEWI's Plas Coch campus.

Music

Wrexham has built a vibrant music scene over the last few years. In 2007 it featured on BBC Radio One's Steve Lamacq show, and regularly features on the Welsh music portion of the station. Steve Lamacq (born 16 October 1965) sometimes known by his Nicknames Lammo (given to him by John Peel) or " The Cat The main live music venue in Wrexham is Central Station, a club with a capacity of approximately 650, attracting touring bands from across the country. Since its opening in 2000 the venue has played host to hundreds of acts, including The Charlatans, the Scratch Perverts, Ash, The View, The Wildhearts, Mansun, Shed Seven, The Wonder Stuff, The Damned, Skindred, Supersuckers, Moscow, Bloc Party, Hundred Reasons, Grandmaster Flash, Electric Six, Trashlight Vision, The Fall, Budgie, The Blackout, Kids in Glass Houses, Rooster, Blaze Bayley, The Kooks, Duffy, The Magic Numbers and Robert Plant. The Charlatans (known in the United States as The Charlatans UK) are a British Alternative rock band The Scratch Perverts are a collective of turntablist DJs from the UK, formed in 1996 by Tony Vegas, Prime Cuts and DJ Renegade Ash are an Alternative rock band that formed in Downpatrick, Northern Ireland in 1992 The View is an Emmy Award -winning American Talk show created by Barbara Walters and Bill Geddie and broadcast on The Wildhearts are a rock group from Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Mansun were an English indie band formed in Chester in 1995 The band comprised vocalist/rhythm guitarist Paul Draper, bassist Stove Shed Seven are an English Indie rock band from York and were one of the groups that contributed to the Britpop music scene that evolved The Wonder Stuff are a band originally based in Stourbridge, West Midlands, in the Black Country, England. The Damned are an English band formed in London in 1976 notable for being the first Punk rock band from England to release a single (" New Rose " an Skindred is a Welsh rock band from Newport. They are best known for their musical style which mixes heavy metal, Punk rock and The Supersuckers are an American rock band They are the self-proclaimed "Greatest Rock 'n' Roll Band in the World Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Bloc Party are a British Indie rock band composed of Kele Okereke on vocals and Rhythm guitar, Russell Lissack on Hundred Reasons are a British rock band from Surrey, composed of Colin Doran (lead vocals Larry Hibbitt (guitar vocals Andy Gilmour (bass Andy Bews (drums Joseph Saddler (born January 1, 1958 in Bridgetown Barbados) better known as Grandmaster Flash, is an American Hip hop musician Trashlight Vision was a trash punk band from the United States. The Fall are an English Post-punk band formed in Prestwich, Greater Manchester in 1976 Budgie are a Welsh Hard rock band from Cardiff, South Glamorgan. The Blackout are the most amazing and fantasticle Post-hardcore band from Merthyr Tydfil, Wales. Kids in Glass Houses are a five-piece rock band from the surrounding valleys of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. Rooster were an English Indie rock band Rooster were formed in 2002 by Nick Atkinson ( vocals) Luke Potashnick ( Guitar) Blaze Bayley (born Bayley Alexander Cook, 29 May 1963, Birmingham, England) is the lead singer for the The Kooks are an Indie band based in the United Kingdom. The band was formed in Brighton, United Kingdom, and currently consists of four members Aimee Anne Duffy (born 23 June 1984 in Bangor Gwynedd, Wales) known professionally as Duffy, is a Welsh R&B The Magic Numbers are a four-piece Indie rock band from England comprising two pairs of brother and sister who previously went to The Cardinal Wiseman Roman Catholic Robert Anthony Plant (born 20 August 1948 West Bromwich, England) is an English rock singer and songwriter famous for his membership in the [6]

Another live music venue in Wrexham is the William Aston Hall at NEWI. It hosts concerts and live entertainment. This 900-seat venue has recently undergone extensive refurbishment, and is now designed to accommodate a range of events from conferences and exhibitions to theatrical performances and pop/rock concerts. Acts who have performed there in the past include Super Furry Animals, Love, Ray Davies, Funeral for a Friend, Freddie Starr and Sweet. Super Furry Animals (also known as " SFA " the " Furries " and the " Super Furries " are a Welsh Rock band Love was an American Rock group of the late 1960s and early 1970s Ray Davies CBE (born Raymond Douglas Davies, 21 June 1944, Fortis Green, London) is an English rock Funeral for a Friend (commonly abbreviated to FFAF) is a Welsh Post-hardcore band that was previously signed to Ferret Music and later Atlantic Freddie Starr (born Frederick Leslie Fowell in Huyton, Liverpool on 9 January 1943) is an English Comedian Sweet (referred to as The Sweet on albums before 1974 and singles before 1975 were a popular 1970s British band. [7]. Other music venues in the town include the Old Swan on Abbot Street, and the Goulbourne in Borras.

Media

Wrexham's daily newspapers include the North Wales Daily Post and Wrexham Evening Leader, the weekly free Wrexham Mail, and the weekly broadsheet Wrexham Leader, often known as the "Big Leader". The Evening Leader is a daily evening paper distributed on week nights Two radio stations serve the town; the FM licence is Marcher Sound and the local medium wave station is Classic Gold Marcher, both based in shared studios on Mold Road. This article is about radio broadcasting for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. Marcher Sound (formerly MFM 1034) is a radio station broadcasting to north east Wales and north west England from its Mold Road studios in Gwersyllt Gold North Wales and Cheshire (originally Marcher Gold and later Classic Gold Marcher) is a British Independent local radio station broadcasting These studios are also home to a number of other regional radio stations broadcasting to the North Wales coast and the Wirral. A 'Media' quarter has developed within the towns' Civic Centre where television stations BBC Wales, ITV Wales and S4C have studios or bureaux for their regional news services. A civic center or civic centre (see " American and British English spelling differences " is a prominent land area within a Community BBC Wales ( BBC Cymru) is a division of the British Broadcasting Corporation for Wales. HTV, now legally known as ITV Wales and West, is the ITV contractor for Wales and the West of England. S4C (Sianel Pedwar Cymru meaning Channel Four Wales) is a television channel in Wales

In addition, Wrexham also has a community radio station called "Calon FM" based in the North East Wales Institute of Higher Education (NEWI), Calon FM launched on 1st March 2008 and broadcasts on 105 FM.

Green space

Wales in Bloom 2007 - City Merit Award

Wrexham has two main town parks, these being Bellevue Park and Acton Park, and open parkland at Erddig. Wales in Bloom 2007 - City Merit Award Wrexham has two main town parks these being Bellevue Park and Acton Park and open parkland at Erddig With the rapid development of the town in the 19th century, the need for a formal park for the growing population was identified. However it was not until 1906 that the location for the new park was agreed upon. The 'Parciau' or Bellevue Park as it became known, was build alongside the old cemetery on Ruabon Road. The park was designed to commemorate the Jubilee year of the Incorporation of Wrexham.

Parks

Bellevue Park - Green Flag Award

Belle Vue Park - During the 1970s Bellevue Park was neglected and many of the amenities were in a poor state of repair. Belle Vue Park is a Victorian park located in the town of Wrexham, north-east Wales. A major project was undertaken to refurbish the Park back to its original splendour. This was funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund, Urban Parks Project, Welsh Development Agency, and the European Regional Development Fund. The park reopened in June 2000. It now boasts children's play areas, a bowling green which is home to the Parciau Bowling Club, tennis and basketball courts, an original Edwardian bandstand set in an amphitheatre, and a jogging route for walkers and joggers. The park itself has many walkways through mature tree-lined avenues as well as affording some magnificent views of the Parish Church. The park is well lit and has a number of CCTV cameras installed to deter antisocial behaviour.

Bellevue Park has once again regained its popularity with the people of Wrexham. Throughout the summer months a broad spectrum of social events take place, such as music concerts for all tastes and 'Fun days' for children.

The lake at Acton Park
The lake at Acton Park

Acton Park was originally the landscaped grounds of Acton Hall. Acton Hall in Wrexham, Wales was the birthplace of George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys of Wem, PC ( May 15, 1645 It was originally laid out in 1785 by James Wyatt on the instructions of the owner Sir Foster Cunliffe. This article refers to the English Architect. For the Game designer, see James Wyatt (game designer. Sir Foster Cunliffe 3rd Baronet (1755 – 1834 was the founder of the Royal Society of British Bowmen. Over the years the Estate passed through several owners. In 1947 Wrexham Council was given the Hall and Park by the then owner Alderman William Aston. A section of Acton Park was sold for Housing development in the 1970s. The surviving area now covers approximately 55 acres.

Acton Park features a bowling green, tennis courts, a children's play area, Japanese-style garden and a large lake which has attracted diverse wildlife. The general layout of the park has remained unchanged since it was laid out in the 18th century and now boasts many mature trees.

Llwyn Isaf, which is situated alongside Wrexham Guildhall is a popular green area within the town centre. Llwyn Isaf is a green in the centre of Wrexham. It is surrounded on two sides by the town's Guildhall and on another by the Library Arts Centre. The green was originally the landscaped grounds of a mansion house known as Llwyn Isaf. It now lies at the centre of Wrexham's civic centre just off Queens Square. The Welsh Children in Need concert was held at this location in 2005. BBC Children in Need is an annual British charity appeal organised by the BBC.

Open parkland

The 'Cup and Saucer' at Erddig Park
The 'Cup and Saucer' at Erddig Park

Erddig Park is situated two miles (3 km) south of the town centre where the town meets the Clywedog Valley. Erddig Hall is a National Trust property on the outskirts of Wrexham, Wales. The Park is owned and managed by the National Trust, and is home to Erddig Hall and its formal gardens. The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organization in England, Wales Erddig Hall is a National Trust property on the outskirts of Wrexham, Wales. The Park is also home to a number of notable historic features. These include a hydraulic ram known as the 'Cup and Saucer' which is used to pump water from the park to Erddig Hall, and the remains of Wristleham motte and bailey which is thought to be the beginnings of Wrexham as a town in the 12th century. A hydraulic ram is a cyclic water pump powered by Hydropower. nA motte-and-bailey is a form of Castle. Many were built in Britain, Ireland and France in the 11th and 12th centuries favored as a relatively

Heritage

Wrexham's former police station on Regent Street, originally the barracks for the Royal Denbighshire Militia, is now home to Wrexham County Borough Museum. The Museum has two galleries devoted to the history of the town and its surrounding communities. There is also a programme of temporary exhibitions, including an exhibition featuring the Mold Cape, the first time the Bronze Age treasure had returned to North Wales from the British Museum since its discovery in 1833. The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. Just to the west of the town, Bersham Heritage Centre and Ironworks tell the story of John Wilkinson, the 'Iron Mad' pioneer of the Industrial Revolution. Bersham Ironworks were large ironworks at Bersham, near Wrexham, North Wales. John "Iron-Mad" Wilkinson (1728 &ndash 1808 was an English Industrialist who suggested the use of Cast iron for many roles where other The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the At the top end of the Clywedog Valley, about ten minutes' drive from Wrexham, Minera Lead Mines are the remains of the profitable lead industry that dates back to prehistoric times. The River Clywedog in the county borough of Wrexham, Wales has always been the lifeblood of the area watering crops and livestock since early times powering Minera Leadmines are derelict mine workings park and tourist centre in North Wales near Wrexham.

To the east of Wrexham, there are the remains of Holt Castle. Holt is a town in the county borough of Wrexham, Wales. Located on the western bank of the River Dee, it has a ruined stone Castle, built The castle and the nearby late medieval bridge were the scene of constant skirmishes during the Civil War in the 17th century. The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists. The River Dee in this area is deep and wide. The bridge at Holt was the first crossing point south of the city of Chester and hence was of major strategic importance. Chester is the County town of Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 77040

Just 2 miles (3 km) south of Wrexham town centre, Erddig, the National Trust property, was home to the Yorke family until 1973. Erddig Hall is a National Trust property on the outskirts of Wrexham, Wales. Its last resident, Philip Yorke, handed over a house in need of restoration as years of subsidence caused by the workings of Bersham Colliery had caused a lot of damage. The house was voted one of the two most popular stately homes in the UK by a National Trust/Channel 5 publication. A stately home is strictly speaking one of about 500 large properties built in England between the mid-16th century and the early part of the 20th century as well as converted However, the house was not popular with Bersham miners as it stood on a pillar of coal and they had to work round it. Coal mining is the extraction or removal of Coal from the Earth by Mining.

One thing Wrexham has always been famous for is beer. In the mid to late 19th century Wrexham had over 35 breweries, and grew a proud tradition of brewing both ale and lager. Ale is a type of Beer brewed from Malted Barley using a top-fermenting Brewers' yeast. Lager (storage camp bearing etc is the more popular of two main types of Beer; the other being Ale. In 1882 German immigrants set up Britain's first Lager brewery under the name of Wrexham Lager. Wrexham Lager was In 2000 the Wrexham Lager Brewery was the last one to close. A number of the original brewery buildings remain. Most notably Wrexham Lager on Central Road (offices), Soames Brewery on Yorke Street (Nags Head) and Border Brewery on Tuttle Street (converted apartments).

Wrexham's mining heritage is nearly all gone. Most former mines have been converted into industrial and business parks - one such development at Bersham Colliery has the last surviving headgear in the North Wales coalfield. Just off the A483, on the edge of Wrexham, the Gresford Disaster Memorial stands witness to the 261 miners, two rescuemen and one surface worker killed by a series of explosions in the Gresford Colliery in 1934. The Gresford Disaster was one of Britain's worst Coal mining disasters and Mining accidents It occurred on September 22, 1934 at Gresford

Religion

St. Giles Church

St Giles, considered the greatest example of Gothic architecture in Wales
St Giles, considered the greatest example of Gothic architecture in Wales

St Giles' Church, Wrexham is the Parish Church of Wrexham and considered the greatest medieval church in Wales[8]. St Giles' Church is the Parish church of Wrexham, Wales, and its tower is traditionally one of the Seven Wonders of Wales and commemorated in St Giles' Church is the Parish church of Wrexham, Wales, and its tower is traditionally one of the Seven Wonders of Wales and commemorated in It includes a colourful ceiling of flying musical angels, two early eagle lecterns, a window by the artist Edward Burne-Jones and the Royal Welch Fusiliers chapel. An angel is a Spiritual Supernatural being found in many Religions Although the nature of angels and the tasks given to them vary from tradition to tradition A lectern (from the Latin lectus, past participle of legere, "to read" is a reading desk with a slanted top usually placed on a stand or affixed to Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones 1st Baronet (28 August 1833 &ndash 17 June 1898 was an English Artist and Designer closely associated with the later The Royal Welch Fusiliers were a Regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales' Division. In the graveyard is the tomb of Elihu Yale who was the benefactor of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, United States and after whom Yale College Wrexham is named. Elihu Yale ( April 5, 1649, in Boston, Massachusetts - July 8, 1721, in London, England) was Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Yale College of Wrexham ( Coleg Iâl) is a Further education college in Wrexham, northeast Wales. As a tribute to Yale and his resting place, a scaled down replica of the church tower, known as 'Wrexham Tower' was constructed at Yale University. The tower appears in an 18th century rhyme, as one of the Seven Wonders of Wales. SPIMG0017ajpg|thumb|150px|right|Overton's yew trees]]The Seven Wonders of Wales is a traditional list of notable landmarks in North Wales, commemorated in an anonymously

St. Mary's Cathedral

Saint Richard Gwyn, Wrexham's Catholic patron saint
Saint Richard Gwyn, Wrexham's Catholic patron saint

The Catholic Cathedral of Our Lady of Sorrows (St. Saint Richard Gwyn (c 1537 &ndash 15 October 1584) also known by his anglicised name Richard White, was a Welsh school teacher and is a Saint Mary's), in Regent Street, is the main Church of the Diocese of Wrexham, which extends over all of North Wales. The Bishop of Wrexham is the Ordinary of the Latin-rite Catholic Diocese of Wrexham in the Province of Cardiff directly subject to the authority Built in 1857 at the height of the Gothic Revival, the Cathedral was home to the Bishop of Menevia from 1898 until 1987, whose diocese covered all of Wales. The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began However in 1987 the Catholic province of Wales was reconstructed, since which time the Cathedral has been home to the Bishop of Wrexham (now 2nd Bishop of Wrexham). The Bishop of Wrexham is the Ordinary of the Latin-rite Catholic Diocese of Wrexham in the Province of Cardiff directly subject to the authority The cathedral is also home to the relic of Saint Richard Gwyn, Wrexham's patron saint. Saint Richard Gwyn (c 1537 &ndash 15 October 1584) also known by his anglicised name Richard White, was a Welsh school teacher and is a Saint He was a Catholic martyr in the 16th century and was hung drawn and quartered at Wrexham's Beast Market. He was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970. Pope

Other

Wrexham also has a number of non-denominational chapels and churches scattered about the town, including a Corps of The Salvation Army. The main Methodist Church is Wrexham Methodist church, built in 1971 on the site of the former Brynyfynnon Chapel on Regent Street. Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Up until the 1970s the town was full of Welsh non-denominational chapels and the attendance of these was far in excess of that of the Anglican Church in the town.

In the past, Wrexham had a church with a spire much taller than the St Giles steeple. This church was dedicated and named after St Mark, but this was demolished as the building's foundations were in danger of collapse. "Saint Mark" redirects here For other uses see Saint Mark (disambiguation. A multi-storey car park named "St Marks" was erected on the site.

Sport

Football and rugby

For most of its history, Wrexham was the site of the headquarters of the Football Association of Wales. Sainsbury Standjpg|thumb|The Sainsbury's Stand]]Wrexham FCjpg|thumb|The Mold Road Stand looking towards the Kop]] The Racecourse Ground (Y Cae Ras is a Stadium located Wrexham Association Football Club (Clwb Pêl-droed Wrecsam nicknamed The Red Dragons, or more traditionally The Robins, their previous nickname are a professional The Football Association of Wales (Cymdeithas Bêl-droed Cymru is the governing body of Association football in Wales, being a member of both FIFA

The town has a professional football team, Wrexham F.C., which competes in the English Football League despite being based in Wales. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Wrexham Association Football Club (Clwb Pêl-droed Wrecsam nicknamed The Red Dragons, or more traditionally The Robins, their previous nickname are a professional Football is the National sport of England and plays a significant role in English culture. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs Currently managed by Brian Little, the club has a rich 130 year history and is perhaps most notable for an FA Cup upset over Arsenal F.C. in 1992, together with a number of European Cup Winners Cup runs in the 1970s-80s and early 90s, playing teams such as FC Porto (whom they beat), Anderlecht, Manchester United and AS Roma. The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after Futebol Clube do Porto ( pron futɨ'bɔɫ 'klub(ɨ du 'poɾtu - short FC Porto or FCP - is a Portuguese Sports club best known This article is about the region of Belgium for the football club see R Associazione Sportiva Roma, ( commonly referred to as simply Roma, is an Italian professional football club from Rome, and are currently amongst They enjoyed a succession of FA Cup runs knocking teams such as Arsenal, Birmingham City, Ipswich Town, Middlesbrough and West Ham out. The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after They they lifted the Vans Trophy at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff in front of 40,000 fans in May 2005, but had entered administration several months earlier and the 10-point penalty for this had caused their relegation to the basement division of the Football League. Structure The Trophy is currently contested by just Football League One and Football League Two clubs and from season 2006-07 is played in a knock-out ( The Millennium Stadium (Stadiwm y Mileniwm is the National stadium of Wales, located in the capital Cardiff. Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. MAY ( also known as: Mei メイ 메이 is a Korean singer well known in South Korea for singing the song "Miracle" Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Administrative receivership is a procedure in the United Kingdom whereby a creditor can enforce security against a company's assets in an effort to obtain Football League Two (often referred to as League Two for short or Coca-Cola Football League 2 for Sponsorship reasons is the third-highest division of The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs Despite the attempt to knock down the club's historic Racecourse Ground and replace it with a shopping development in 2005-06, the club's future is now assured, thanks to a consortium of local businessmen led by a local car dealer Neville Dickens and partner Geoff Moss. Sainsbury Standjpg|thumb|The Sainsbury's Stand]]Wrexham FCjpg|thumb|The Mold Road Stand looking towards the Kop]] The Racecourse Ground (Y Cae Ras is a Stadium located The town end of the ground is due for redevelopment in 2008, which will see a new stand and a number of high quality apartments built. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

The ground has in the past also served as the secondary home of the Llanelli Scarlets, one of the four Welsh professional rugby union sides that compete in the Magners sponsored Celtic League. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short They would play, on average, two games per season there, though since the problems experienced by Wrexham FC during its period in administration, and uncertainty over the future of the ground, there were no Llanelli Scarlets games played there in season 2005–6 nor are any games scheduled for the 2006–7 Magners League season. The Welsh international rugby team also play here on occasion.

Other sports

Landmarks

A number of tourist attractions can be found in the town or within a short drive from the centre. Among the most popular are:

Education

Wrexham is home to the newest University of Wales college, the North East Wales Institute of Higher Education (NEWI). Sainsbury Standjpg|thumb|The Sainsbury's Stand]]Wrexham FCjpg|thumb|The Mold Road Stand looking towards the Kop]] The Racecourse Ground (Y Cae Ras is a Stadium located Wrexham Association Football Club (Clwb Pêl-droed Wrecsam nicknamed The Red Dragons, or more traditionally The Robins, their previous nickname are a professional St Giles' Church is the Parish church of Wrexham, Wales, and its tower is traditionally one of the Seven Wonders of Wales and commemorated in SPIMG0017ajpg|thumb|150px|right|Overton's yew trees]]The Seven Wonders of Wales is a traditional list of notable landmarks in North Wales, commemorated in an anonymously Elihu Yale ( April 5, 1649, in Boston, Massachusetts - July 8, 1721, in London, England) was Techniquest is a science and discovery centre in Cardiff Bay, Wales. The University of Wales ( Prifysgol Cymru in Welsh) is a confederal University founded in 1893. This incorporates the North Wales School of Art and Design. NEWI is currently seeking full University status as the future University of Wales, Wrexham. [10]

Wrexham has a number of primary and secondary schools. It has just one Welsh-speaking secondary school, that being Ysgol Morgan Llwyd. Recently, three of the largest secondary schools, St David's School, Ysgol Bryn Offa and The Groves High School were merged to create two larger "super Schools", Rhosnesni High School and Ysgol Clywedog. Rhosnesni High School, also known as Ysgol Rhosnesni High School is a High school created in 2003 by Wrexham County Borough council as a part of their Ysgol Clywedog, is a comprehensive school which serves parts of the town of Wrexham in north-east Wales. Wrexham has also become home to the first shared-faith school in Wales in the form of St Joseph's. Yale College is the main post-16 education facility. Yale College of Wrexham ( Coleg Iâl) is a Further education college in Wrexham, northeast Wales.

Primary

Secondary

Maelor School Penley

Twinning

The town of Wrexham is twinned with the German district of Märkischer Kreis and the Polish town of Racibórz. Iserlohn (iːzɐˈloːn is a city in the Märkischer Kreis district in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Märkischer Kreis is a district ( Kreis) in central North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Racibórz (Ratibor Ratiboř is a town in southern Poland with 60218 inhabitants (2006 situated in the Silesian Voivodeship (since 1999 previously in Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Märkischer Kreis is a district ( Kreis) in central North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Racibórz (Ratibor Ratiboř is a town in southern Poland with 60218 inhabitants (2006 situated in the Silesian Voivodeship (since 1999 previously in

The first Twinning was established on 17 March 1970 between the former Kreis Iserlohn and Wrexham Rural District. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Its early success ensured that, after local government reorganisation in both countries in the mid-seventies, the Twinning was taken over by the new Councils of Märkischer Kreis and Wrexham Maelor Borough Council and, in 1996, by Wrexham County Borough Council.

In 2001 Märkischer Kreis entered a Twinning arrangement with Racibórz (Ratibor), a county in Poland, which was formerly part of Silesia, Germany. In September 2002, a delegation from Racibórz visited Wrexham and began initial discussions about possible co-operation which led, eventually, to the signing of Articles of Twinning between Wrexham and Racibórz in March 2004. The Wrexham area has strong historical links with Poland. Following World War II, many service personnel from the Free Polish armed forces who had been injured received treatment at Penley Polish Hospital. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Penley (Llannerch Banna is a village in the County Borough of Wrexham, in Wales close to the border with Shropshire, England The village Many of their descendants remain in the area to this day.

Transport

Rail

Wrexham General Station
Wrexham General Station

Wrexham has two railway stations. Wrexham General & Wrexham Central. Until the early 1980s what is now platform 4 of Wrexham General, serving the Wrexham Central - Bidston service, was a separate station, Wrexham Exchange.

Wrexham General

Wrexham General was opened in 1846 (rebuilt in 1912 and again in 1997) it has 6 platforms (4 through, 2 terminal) and provides direct rail services to Bangor, Birmingham, Cardiff, Chester, Holyhead, Liverpool, Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, Walsall, Banbury and London. Wrexham General railway station (Wrecsam Cyffredinol is the main Railway station serving Wrexham, north-east Wales. Bangor, in Gwynedd, North Wales, is one of the smallest cities in the United Kingdom. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. Chester is the County town of Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 77040 Holyhead ( IPA /ˈhɒlihɛd/ Welsh: Caergybi, "the fort of Saint Cybi " is the largest town in the county of Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Shrewsbury ( /ˈʃruːzbri/ or /ˈʃroʊzbri/ is the County town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England Walsall ( is a large industrial town in the West Midlands of England. Banbury is a Market town located on the River Cherwell in northern Oxfordshire, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The station is also the base for Wrexham and Shropshire, an open access operator who provide 5 daily servcies to London. Wrexham & Shropshire is the operating name of the Wrexham Shropshire and Marylebone Railway Company, a Train operating company in the United Kingdom All local services that operate from Wrexham Central also run through General.

Wrexham Central

Wrexham Central which is located on the Island Green retail park has 1 platform, but splits into 2 tracks on the outskirts of the town. Wrexham Central railway station is one of two Railway stations serving the central area of Wrexham in Wales. It provides direct rail services Gwersyllt, Cefn-y-Bedd, Caergwrle, Hope, Penyffordd, Buckley, Hawarden, Shotton, Hawarden Bridge, Neston, Heswall, Upton (Wirral), Bidston (where there are connections to Liverpool and West Kirby). Gwersyllt is a densely populated urban village in the Suburbs of Wrexham in Wales. Caergwrle is a Village in the county of Flintshire, in north east Wales. Penyffordd is a small village in Flintshire, North Wales situated between Wrexham and Chester. Buckley (Bwcle is a town in Flintshire, northeast Wales. It is the second largest town in Flintshire in terms of population and is 2 miles (3 Hawarden ( IPA /ˈhɑdən/ "Harden" Penarlâg is a town in Flintshire, North Wales, approximately 5 miles (as Neston is a small residential town in the district of Ellesmere Port and Neston. Heswall is a town on the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England. Upton is a large village on the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England, situated close to Birkenhead. Bidston is a suburb of Birkenhead, on the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary West Kirby is a town located on the north west corner of the coast of the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England, at the mouth of the River Dee Until the 1998 construction of the Island Green retail park, Wrexham Central station was located 50 metres further along the track.

Plans are afoot to electrify the Borderlands line with runs through General and Central to Deeside and the Wirral. This would increase capacity and accelerate speeds on the line.

Local Stations

There are further three local stations in the Borough at Chirk, Ruabon and Gwersyllt, with plans to re-open at least another two over the next few years at Rossett and Johnstown. Chirk (Y Waun is a small Town in north-east Wales, between Wrexham and Oswestry. Early history There is evidence that a settlement existed in Ruabon in the Bronze Age. Gwersyllt is a densely populated urban village in the Suburbs of Wrexham in Wales. Plans also include a 'Park and Rail' service from one of these locations into Wrexham Central, to ease current traffic congestion and pressure on town centre car parks.

Bus and coach

Arriva Cymru operate the majority of bus services
Arriva Cymru operate the majority of bus services

A recent focus on road transport by the council has improved bus travel in the Wrexham area, with most buses being low-floor and slightly elevated bus stops to allow people easier access to buses. Arriva plc ( is a British -based international public transport operator headquartered in Sunderland. A new bus terminal, the largest in north Wales, has been built in Wrexham, featuring indoor shops and ambient music, along with a staffed information booth. The bus station serves local, regional and long-distance bus services. It is served by various bus companies, including Arriva Wales/Cymru, GHA, and Bryn Melyn. Long distance coaches are available to Edinburgh and London. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.

The "Wrexham shuttle" provides a link between Wrexham and the nearby industrial estate, there is a similar one in operation in the Deeside area.

Wrexham is served by the National Express coach network, it picks up from the Wrexham bus station. List of bus stations in Wales|Transport in Wales Wrexham bus station is an 8-stand indoor Bus station situated on King Street in the centre of Wrexham, in north-east

Wrexham is one of the first areas in the United Kingdom to adopt the use of the distinctive yellow American Bluebird school buses. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Blue Bird Corporation is a large manufacturer of school and activity Buses Blue Bird's corporate headquarters are in Ft Valley, Georgia, US 10 currently operate in the Wrexham area, transporting pupils to and from the schools and colleges.

Roads

The town centre is orbited by a ring road. The northern and eastern parts of the road are dualled between Rhosddu Road roundabout and Eagles Meadow. The ring road and Mold Road/Regent Street are the main sources of congestion in the town. Park and Ride facilities have been introduced on a weekend basis, however future plans to extend the service are to be discussed.

The A483 is Wrexham's principal route. It skirts the western edge of the town, dividing it from the urban villages to the west. The road has connections with major roads (A55, M53, A5(M54)).

The A5156 leads to the A534 and on to the Wrexham Industrial Estate.

The A541 is the main route into Wrexham from Mold and the town's western urban area.

Future development

Wrexham has many major plans for the future. The WDA (Welsh Development Agency) (now disbanded), had earmarked Wrexham as a potential transport hub. The Welsh Development Agency (WDA was an Assembly Sponsored Public Body (ASPB established in 1976 to encourage Business development and Investment The UK capital of culture for 2008, Liverpool, has also donated £100,000 to a study of electrification of the Wrexham to Bidston railway line, and a possible rail link to the North Wales coast line. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Bidston is a suburb of Birkenhead, on the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England. This will open new rail links to the east, and the urban area of Liverpool. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary

With house prices rising rapidly in this area, the council has made many plans for massive suburban housing estates to be built. One, near Ysgol Clywedog, will include a small shopping centre and another primary school. Ysgol Clywedog, is a comprehensive school which serves parts of the town of Wrexham in north-east Wales.

In late January 2006, a new company called the Wrexham, Shropshire and Marylebone Railway (WSMR), was formed. Wrexham & Shropshire is the operating name of the Wrexham Shropshire and Marylebone Railway Company, a Train operating company in the United Kingdom In September 2007, the Office of Rail Regulation granted the company, trading as Wrexham & Shropshire permission to operate services from Wrexham to London via Shrewsbury, Telford and the West Midlands from early 2008. The Office of Rail Regulation (ORR is a statutory board which is the combined economic and safety regulatory authority for Great Britain's Railway network Wrexham & Shropshire is the operating name of the Wrexham Shropshire and Marylebone Railway Company, a Train operating company in the United Kingdom London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Shrewsbury ( /ˈʃruːzbri/ or /ˈʃroʊzbri/ is the County town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England Telford ( ˈtɛlfɚd is a large new town in the borough of Telford and Wrekin and ceremonial county of Shropshire, England, The West Midlands is an official Region of England, covering the western half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. This will restore direct services to London from Wrexham and Shropshire. Shropshire (ˈʃrɒpʃɪə/ /-ʃə alternatively known as Salop or abbreviated in print only Shrops, is a county in the The company's operations will be based in Wrexham, creating 50 jobs at an operating depot in the town.

Public services

Wrexham Maelor Hospital (Ysbyty Maelor Wrecsam in Welsh) is the areas' major acute district hospital with 700 beds, and one of the three core hospitals in North Wales. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic It is situated in the south of the town, on Croesnewydd Road. In 1985 major expansion took place on the site modernising many of the existing departments. It is also the headquarters of the North East Wales NHS Trust, for which it is the principal health service provider. North East Wales NHS Trust (Ymddiriedolaeth GIG Gogledd Ddwyrain Cymru is an NHS Trust in Wales. Other NHS hospitals within the borough are Chirk Community and Penley Polish Hospital.

Yale Hospital (Ysbyty Ial in Welsh) situated close to the Maelor Hospital on Wrexham Technology Park is Wrexham's largest private hospital with over 25 beds. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic Formerly BUPA Yale Hospital, it is now owned and operated by Classic Hospitals.

Wrexham is served by North Wales Police; their Eastern Division H. North Wales Police (Heddlu Gogledd Cymru is the Territorial police force responsible for policing North Wales. Q in the centre of the town.

The local fire station is situated on Bradley Road close to the Island Green and central retail parks. A fire station (also called stationhouse) is a structure or other area set aside for storage of firefighting apparatus (i

Notable people

A number of notable people have been born or lived in Wrexham over the years. Among them are:

Current residents include:

References

  1. ^ http://www.wrexhamtown.com/html/about.html
  2. ^ http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/census2001/ks_ua_ew_part1.pdf#1/ ONS Statistics for Urban Areas 2001]
  3. ^ BBC NEWS | In Depth | UK House Prices | Local authority
  4. ^ http://www.eveningleader.co.uk/speakout/DEBATE-Wrexham-should-be-a.3405034.jp DEBATE: Wrexham should be a city say readers]
  5. ^ Latest Wrexham News - Wrexham entrepeneurs lead the way
  6. ^ Central Station website
  7. ^ NEWI Student's Union website
  8. ^ Church Network
  9. ^ BBC: Your 20 Hidden Tourist Gems
  10. ^ http://www.eveningleader.co.uk/titlesites2/detail.asp?storyid=875&officeid=1

External links

Brent Cockbain (born 15 November 1974 in New South Wales, Australia) is a Welsh Rugby union player who plays for Joseph Patrick "Joey" Jones (born 4 March 1955 in Bangor, Gwynedd) is a former professional football full-back who played for Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Dennis Taylor (born Denis Taylor, January 19 1949 in Coalisland, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland) is a retired Snooker George Walton Lucas Jr (born May 14, 1944) is an Academy Award -winning American Film director, producer, Screenwriter

Dictionary

Wrexham

-proper noun

  1. A town and county borough in north-east Wales, formerly belonging to Denbighshire and Clwyd.
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