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Windows Metafile
File name extension . A filename extension is a suffix to the name of a Computer file applied to indicate the encoding convention ( File format) of its contents wmf, . emf, . wmz, . emz
Developed by Microsoft
Type of format Image file formats

Windows Metafile (WMF) is a graphics file format on Microsoft Windows systems, originally designed in the early 1990s. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Image file formats are standardized means of organising and storing images Image file formats are standardized means of organising and storing images Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Windows Metafiles are intended to be portable between applications and may contain both vector and bitmap components. In contrast to raster formats such as JPEG and GIF which are used to store bitmap graphics such as photographs, scans and graphics, Windows Metafiles generally are used to store line-art, illustrations and content created in drawing or presentation applications. In Computer graphics, a raster graphics image or bitmap, is a Data structure representing a generally rectangular grid of Pixels

Essentially, a WMF file stores a list of function calls that have to be issued to the Windows graphics layer GDI in order to display an image on screen. The Graphics Device Interface (GDI is one of the three core components or "subsystems" together with the kernel and the Windows API for the user interface Since some GDI functions accept pointers to callback functions for error handling, a WMF file may include executable code. In Computer programming, a callback is Executable code that is passed as an argument to other code Exception handling is a programming language construct or computer hardware mechanism designed to handle the occurrence of a condition that changes the normal flow of execution

WMF is a 16-bit format introduced in Windows 3.0. Windows 30 is the third major release of Microsoft Windows, and came out on 22 May 1990 It is the native vector format for Microsoft Office applications such as Word, PowerPoint, and Publisher. Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as points lines, Curves and shapes or Polygon (s which are all based Microsoft Office is a set of interrelated desktop applications servers and services collectively referred to as an Office suite, for the Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Word is Microsoft 's flagship word processing software. Microsoft PowerPoint is a proprietary Presentation program developed by Microsoft. Microsoft Office Publisher (previously and commonly a newer 32-bit version with additional commands is called Enhanced Metafile (EMF). The range of Integer values that can be stored in 32 bits is 0 through 4294967295 or −2147483648 through 2147483647 using Two's complement encoding EMF is also used as a graphics language for printer drivers.

There are also compressed versions of Windows Metafiles known as Compressed Windows Metafile (WMZ) & Compressed Windows Enhanced Metafile (EMZ)[1].

Contents

Patents

As for other Microsoft file formats, no specification of the format was previously available, and alternative implementations had to reverse engineer existing WMF files, which was difficult and error prone[2]. Reverse engineering (RE is the process of discovering the technological principles of a device object or system through analysis of its structure function and operation In September 2006, Microsoft published the WMF file format specification[3] in the context of the Microsoft Open Specification Promise, promising to not assert patent rights to file formats implementors[4]. September 2006 was marked by a controversy surrounding statements made by Pope Benedict XVI regarding Islam, during the same week as the fifth anniversary The Microsoft Open Specification Promise (or OSP) is an irrevocable Promise by Microsoft, published in September 2006, to not assert legal rights

Windows Metafile vulnerability

Main article: Windows Metafile vulnerability

Exploits using the "SetAbortProc" GDI function were discovered in December 2005. The Windows Metafile vulnerability is a security vulnerability in Microsoft Windows NT -based Operating systems which has been used in a variety of exploits An exploit (from the same word in the French language, meaning "achievement" or "accomplishment" is a piece of Software, a chunk of data or The function, which registers an error handler normally intended for use when a print job is cancelled during spooling, allows arbitrary code added to a WMF image to be executed without the permission of the user. In Computer science, spooling refers to a process of transferring data by placing it in a temporary working area where another program may access it for processing In Computer security, arbitrary code execution is used to describe an attacker's ability to execute any commands of the attacker's choice on a target machine

Alternative implementations

The WMF format was designed to be executed by the Windows graphics layer GDI in order to restore the image, but as the WMF binary files contain the definition of the GDI graphic primitives that constitute this image, it is possible to design alternative libraries that render WMF binary files, or convert them in other graphic formats. The Graphics Device Interface (GDI is one of the three core components or "subsystems" together with the kernel and the Windows API for the user interface An image (from Latin imago) or picture is an artifact usually two-dimensional that has a similar appearance to some subject &mdashusually The Graphics Device Interface (GDI is one of the three core components or "subsystems" together with the kernel and the Windows API for the user interface An image (from Latin imago) or picture is an artifact usually two-dimensional that has a similar appearance to some subject &mdashusually

For example, the Batik library is able to render WMF files and convert them to their SVG equivalent. Batik is a pure- Java library that can be used to render generate and manipulate SVG graphics The Vector Graphics package of the FreeHEP Java library allows to save Java2D drawings as EMF files. FreeHEP is an Open source Java library designed to make programming high energy physics applications easier In Computing, Java 2D is an API for drawing Two-dimensional graphics using the Java programming language.

EMZ is gzipped EMF. gzip is a Software application used for File compression. gzip is short for GNU zip; the program is a Free software replacement for the One program that directly unpacks EMZ and WMZ files into EMF and WMF files is SpeedCommander 12. SpeedCommander is a Shareware Orthodox File Manager (OFM for Windows.

See also

References

  1. ^ You receive a "This file is an unsupported graphic format" error message when you try to insert a picture into a PowerPoint for Mac presentation. PostScript ( PS) is a dynamically typed concatenative Programming language created by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982 Microsoft. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Retrieved on 2008-06-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected
  2. ^ Caolan McNamara. Window Metafile (wmf) Reference. Retrieved on 2008-06-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected  “These opcodes are unimplemented, for the reason that i dont know what they are, no known documentation”
  3. ^ MS-WMF: Windows Metafile Format Specification. Retrieved on 2008-06-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected
  4. ^ Microsoft Open Specification Promise. Retrieved on 2008-06-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected

External links

Tutorials and articles

Applications

Libraries

Batik is a pure- Java library that can be used to render generate and manipulate SVG graphics FreeHEP is an Open source Java library designed to make programming high energy physics applications easier POSIX (ˈpɒzɪks or "Portable Operating System Interface" is the collective name of a family of related standards specified by the IEEE to define
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