| William Laud | |
| Archbishop of Canterbury | |
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| Enthroned | 1633 |
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| Ended | 10 January 1645 |
| Predecessor | George Abbot |
| Successor | William Juxon |
| Born | October 7, 1573 Reading, Berkshire |
| Died | January 10, 1645 (aged 71) Tower Hill, London |
Archbishop William Laud /7 October 1573 - 10 January 1645) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633 to 1645. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. William Juxon (1582 &ndash June 4, 1663) was an English churchman Bishop of London from 1633 to 1649 and Archbishop of Canterbury Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Reading (ˈrɛdɪŋ as Redding) is a town in England, located at the confluence of the River Thames and River Kennet, midway between Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Tower Hill is an elevated spot north-west of the Tower of London, just outside the limits of the City of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the He pursued a High Church course and opposed Puritanism. " High Church " relates to Ecclesiology and Liturgy in Anglican theology and practice A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, This and his support for King Charles I resulted in his beheading in the midst of the English Civil War. Charles I, (19 November 1600 &ndash 30 January 1649 was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists.
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Clergyman
Laud was born in Reading, Berkshire, of comparatively low origins, his father, also William, having been a cloth merchant (a fact about which he was to remain sensitive throughout his career). Reading (ˈrɛdɪŋ as Redding) is a town in England, located at the confluence of the River Thames and River Kennet, midway between Cloth merchant is strictly speaking like a Draper, the term for any vendor of cloth He was educated at Reading School and, through a White Scholarship, St John's College, Oxford. Reading School is a Grammar school in the town of Reading, Berkshire, England. __FORCETOC__ St John's College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. He was baptised at St Laurence's Church in Reading. St Laurence's Church is a Church of England mission and former parish church in the town of Reading in the English county of
On 5 April 1601, he entered the Church, and his Catholic, High Church tendencies and antipathy to Puritanism, combined with his intellectual and organisational brilliance, soon gained him a reputation. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". " High Church " relates to Ecclesiology and Liturgy in Anglican theology and practice A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, At that time, the Calvinist party was strong in the Church, and Laud's affirmation of Apostolic succession was unpopular in many quarters. Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the In 1605, somewhat against his will, he obliged his patron, Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devon, by performing his marriage service to a divorcée. Charles Blount (pr blunt) 1st Earl of Devonshire and 8th Baron Mountjoy (1563 &ndash 3 April 1606) served as Lord Deputy In 1609, he became rector of West Tilbury in Essex. West Tilbury is a village situated on the top of a river terrace overlooking the river Thames.
He continued to rise through the ranks of the clergy, becoming President of St John's College in 1611; Prebendary of Lincoln in 1614, and Archdeacon of Huntingdon in 1615. He was consecrated Bishop of St David's in 1622, translated Bishop of Bath and Wells in 1626, and Bishop of London in 1628. The Bishop of Saint David's is the Ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of St David's. The Bishop of Bath and Wells heads the Church of England Diocese of Bath and Wells in the Province of Canterbury in England. The Bishop of London is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury. Thanks to patrons who included George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, and the King himself, he reached the highest position the Church of England had to offer, the Archbishopric of Canterbury, and with it the episcopal primacy of all England, in 1633. George Villiers 1st Duke of Buckingham ( 28 August 1592 &ndash 23 August 1628) (surname ˈvɪlɚz ("villers" was the Favourite The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican The Province of Canterbury, also called the Southern Province, is one of two Ecclesiastical provinces making up the Church of England. As Archbishop of Canterbury, he was prominent in government, taking the king's line and that of Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford in all important matters. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the Thomas Wentworth 1st Earl of Strafford ( April 13, 1593 &ndash May 12, 1641) was an English statesman and a major figure in It is believed that he wrote the controversial Declaration of Sports issued by King Charles in 1633. The Declaration of Sports (also known as the Book of Sports) was a declaration of James I of England issued in 1617 listing the sports that were permitted on Sundays
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Martyrs |
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In 1630, Laud was elected as Chancellor of the University of Oxford, and became much more closely involved in the running of the university than many of his predecessors had been. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the The Lambeth Conferences are decennial assemblies of Bishops of the Anglican Communion convened by the Archbishop of Canterbury. The Anglican Communion Primates' Meetings are regular meetings of the Anglican Primates, i The Anglican Consultative Council or ACC is one of the four "Instruments of Communion" of the Anglican Communion. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings As a Christian Ecclesiastical term Catholic —from the Greek adjective, meaning "general" or "universal"—is described The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England first broke away from the authority of the Pope Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The Book of Martyrs, by John Foxe, is an Apocalyptically oriented English Protestant account of the Persecutions of Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl of Essex (c 1485 &ndash 28 July 1540) was an English statesman who served as King Henry VIII 's chief minister Richard Hooker (March 1554 – 3 November 1600) was an Anglican priest and an influential theologian. Charles I, (19 November 1600 &ndash 30 January 1649 was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. In a Catholic sense the term "saint" refers to any person in Heaven&mdashhowever since the 10th century the title "Saint" is only given to persons who have been officially The Book of Common Prayer is the common title of a number of prayer books of the Church of England and used throughout the Anglican Communion. " High Church " relates to Ecclesiology and Liturgy in Anglican theology and practice Low church is a term of distinction in the Church of England or other Anglican churches initially designed to be pejorative Broad Church is a term referring to Latitudinarian Churchmanship in the Church of England, in particular and Anglicanism, in general The Oxford Movement or Tractarianism was an affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of whom were members of the University of Oxford, who sought The Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion were established in 1563 and are the historic defining statements of Anglican doctrine in relation to the controversies of the The Anglican Homilies (1547 1562 and 1571 are two books of thirty-three sermons developing the Reformed doctrines of the Anglican Communion in greater depth and detail than Anglican doctrine (also called Episcopalian doctrine in some countries is the body of Christian teachings used to guide the religious and moral practices of Anglicans See also Holy Orders The Anglican ministry is both the leadership and agency of Christian service in the Anglican Communion. In keeping with its prevailing self-identity as a Via media or "middle path" of Western Christianity, Anglican sacramental theology expresses A Chancellor is the head of a University. Other titles are sometimes used such as President or Rector. The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the His most significant contribution was the creation of a new set of statutes for the university, a task completed in 1636. [1] Laud served as the fifth Chancellor of Trinity College, Dublin between 1633 and 1645. The University of Dublin, corporately designated the Chancellor Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin (since the 19th century located in Dublin,
High church policy
The famous pun "give great praise to the Lord, and little laud to the devil" is a warning to Charles attributed to the official court jester or "fool" Archie Armstrong. Laud was known to be touchy about his diminutive stature.
Laud was a sincere Anglican and loyal Englishman, who must have been frustrated at the charges of Popery levelled against him by the Puritan element in the Church. Papist is a term usually disparaging or an Anti-Catholic slur referring to a member of the Catholic Church. A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, Whereas Strafford saw the political dangers of Puritanism, Laud saw the threat to the episcopacy. Episcopal polity is a form of church governance which is hierarchical in structure with the chief authority over a local Christian church resting in a Bishop (Greek But the Puritans themselves felt threatened: the Counter-Reformation was succeeding abroad, and the Thirty Years' War was not progressing to the advantage of the Protestants. The Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation denotes the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. It was inevitable that in this climate, Laud's aggressive high church policy was seen as a sinister development. A year after Laud's appointment as Archbishop of Canterbury, the ship Griffin left for America, carrying religious dissidents such as the Puritan minister Anne Hutchinson. Anne Hutchinson ( July 20, 1591 – August 20, 1643) was the unauthorized Puritan minister of a dissident church discussion
Laud's policy was influenced by another aspect of his character: his desire to impose total uniformity on the Church. This, too, was driven by a sincere belief that this was the duty of his office, but, to those of even slightly differing views, it came as persecution. Perhaps this had the unintended consequence of garnering support for the most implacable opponents of the Anglican compromise. Unintended consequences are outcomes that are not (or not limited to what the actor intended in a particular situation In 1637, William Prynne, John Bastick and Henry Burton were convicted of seditious libel and had their ears cropped and their cheeks branded. William Prynne (1600 &ndash 24 October 1669) was a seventeenth-century English author polemicist and political figure Seditious libel is a criminal offence under English Common law. Prynne reinterpreted the "SL" ("Seditious libeller") branded on his forehead as "Stigmata Laudis".
The Long Parliament of 1640 accused him of treason and name him as a chief culprit in the Grand Remonstrance of [[1641]. The Long Parliament is the name of the English Parliament called by Charles I, on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. In Law, treason is the Crime that covers some of the more serious acts of disloyalty to one's sovereign or Nation. The Grand Remonstrance was a list of grievances presented to King Charles I of England by the English Parliament on 1 December, 1641, during Laud was imprisoned in the Tower of London, where he remained throughout the early stages of the English Civil War. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists. In the spring of 1644, he was brought to trial, but it ended without being able to reach a verdict. The parliament took up the issue, and eventually passed a bill of attainder under which he was beheaded on January 10, 1645 on Tower Hill, notwithstanding being granted a royal pardon. A bill of attainder (also known as an act or writ of Attainder) is an act of Legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Tower Hill is an elevated spot north-west of the Tower of London, just outside the limits of the City of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets.
William Laud is remembered in both the Church of England and the Episcopal Church in the United States of America with a Commemoration on 10 January. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States. Commemorations are a type of religious observance in the Church of England.
Notes
- ^ Anthony Milton, "Laud, William (1573–1645)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed 5 Oct 2006 [1]
References
- Hugh Trevor-Roper, Archbishop Laud, 1573-1645 ISBN 1-84212-202-9
External links
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Earl of Portland (Lord High Treasurer) |
First Lord of the Treasury 1635–1636 |
Succeeded by William Juxon (Lord High Treasurer) |
| Religious titles | ||
| Preceded by George Abbot |
Archbishop of Canterbury 1633–1645 |
Succeeded by William Juxon in 1660 |
| Academic offices | ||
| Preceded by 3rd Earl of Pembroke |
Chancellor of the University of Oxford 1630–1641 |
Succeeded by 4th Earl of Pembroke |
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