| Wilhelm Hofmeister | |
 |
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| Born | June 5, 1824 Leipzig, Germany |
|---|---|
| Died | January 12, 1877 (aged 52) Lindenau, Germany |
| Nationality |  Germany |
| Fields | botany, biology |
| Institutions | University of Heidelberg, University of Tübingen |
| Alma mater | none |
| Doctoral advisor | none |
| Known for | discovering the alternation of generations in plants |
Wilhelm Friedrich Benedikt Hofmeister (18 May 1824 to 12 January 1877) was a German biologist and botanist. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Lindenau is a municipality in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles The Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg ( University of Heidelberg, Ruperto Carola, Heidelberg University, or simply Heidelberg) is a Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen ( German: Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, sometimes called the "Eberhardina Carolina" is a public university Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement The Alternation of phases (or generations) describes the life cycle of Plants Fungi and Protists A multicellular Diploid phase alternates Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. A biologist is a Scientist devoted to and producing results in Biology through the study of Organisms Typically biologists study organisms and their relationship Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life He "stands as one of the true giants in the history of biology and belongs in the same pantheon as Darwin and Mendel"[1]. Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life Gregor Johann Mendel ( July 20, 1822 &ndash January 6, 1884) was Remarkably, he was largely self-taught.
Biography
Hofmeister was the son of a book and music publisher and seller in Leipzig. This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong He left school at the age of 15 and was apprenticed in a bookshop in Hamburg by an aquintee of his father. Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany He did most of his research in his free-time, largely from four to six in the morning before going to work. [2] Nevertheless, he was only 27 when he published his ground-breaking monograph on the alternation of generations in plants. The Alternation of phases (or generations) describes the life cycle of Plants Fungi and Protists A multicellular Diploid phase alternates Not until 1863, he was employed as a professor. That was at the University of Heidelberg. The Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg ( University of Heidelberg, Ruperto Carola, Heidelberg University, or simply Heidelberg) is a In 1872, he moved to the University of Tübingen[3][4] [5]. Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen ( German: Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, sometimes called the "Eberhardina Carolina" is a public university
Hofmeister is widely credited with discovery of alternation of generations as a general principle in plant life. The Alternation of phases (or generations) describes the life cycle of Plants Fungi and Protists A multicellular Diploid phase alternates His proposal that alteration between haploid and diploid phases constituted a unifying theory of plant evolution that was published in 1851, eight years before Darwin's On the origin of species[6]. "Haplo" redirects here For the fictional character see The Death Gate Cycle. "Haplo" redirects here For the fictional character see The Death Gate Cycle. eVolution is the third Album by eLDee, it was due to be released in 2008 Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life Charles Darwin 's On the Origin of Species (published 24 November 1859) is a seminal work in Scientific literature and arguably the
Hofmeister was an early student of the genetics in plants. He is cited for the first studies of plant embryology. Embryology (from Greek grc ἔμβρυον embryon, "unborn embryo" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of the development According to C. D. Darlington, had observed what would later be called chromosomes in a dividing cell nucleus as early as 1848. Cyril Dean Darlington ( 19 December 1903 - 26 March 1981) was an English Biologist, A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and Protein that is found in cells. He left detailed sketches which are reproduced in Darlington's The Facts of Life, though he was not the first to observe them.
Hofmeister's contribution to biology is still far from widely acknowledged[1]. This may partly be attributed to the fact that only one of his works were translated from German to English. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States However, Kaplan & Cooke[1] conclude that "his reputation became eclipsed because he was so far ahead of his contemporaries that no one could understand or appreciate his work".
Selected works
- Untersuchungen des Vorganges bei der Befruchtung der Oenothereen. The Onagraceae, also known as the Willowherb family or Evening Primose family, is a family of Flowering plants The family includes about Botanische Zeitung 5: 785-792. 1847.
- Die Entstehung des Embryos der Phanerogamen. Eine Reihe mikroskopischer Untersuchungen. Verlag F. Hofmeister, Leipzig 1849.
- Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Keimung, Entfaltung und Fruchtbildung höherer Kryptogamen (Moose, Farne, Equisetaceen, Rhizokarpeen und Lykopodiaceen) und der Samenbildung der Coniferen. 179 pp. , 1851 (Reprint: Historiae Naturalis Classica 105. Cramer, Vaduz 1979). English translation (by F. Currey): On the germination, development and fructification of the higher Cryptogamia and on the fructification of the Coniferae. Ray Society, London, 1862.
- Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Embryobildung der Phanerogamen. 1. Dikotyledonen mit ursprünglich einzelligem, nur durch Zellentheilung wachsendem Endosperm. S. Hirzel, Leipzig, pp. 536-672. 1859.
- Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Embryobildung der Phanerogamen. 2. Monokotyledonen. S. Hirzel, Leipzig, pp. 632-760. 1861.
- Die Lehre von der Pflanzenzelle. In: W. Hofmeister (ed. ): Handbuch der Physiologischen Botanik I-1. 664 pp. W. Engelmann, Leipzig. 1867.
- Allgemeine Morphologie der Gewächse. In: W. Hofmeister (ed. ): Handbuch der Physiologischen Botanik I-2. W. Engelmann, Leipzig. 1868.
References
- ^ a b c Kaplan, Donald R. & Todd J. Cooke (1996) The genius of Wilhelm Hofmeister: the origin of causal-analytical research in plant development. American Journal of Botany 83 (12): 1647-1660.
- ^ Goebel, K. von (1905) Wilhelm Hofmeister. Karl Immanuel Eberhard von Goebel ( March 8 1855, Billigheim, Baden - October 9 1932, Munich) was a German The Plant World 8: 291-298.
- ^ *Larson, A H (1930), “WILHELM HOFMEISTER.”, Plant Physiol. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 5 (4): 612. 2-616, 1930 Oct, PMID:16652687, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16652687>
- ^ Campbell (1925), THE CENTENARY OF WILHELM HOFMEISTER., vol. PMID is an Acronym for PubMed Identifier or more specifically PubMed Unique Identifier which is a unique number assigned to each PubMed Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 62 (published 1925 Aug 7), pp. 127-128, PMID:17812840, doi:10.1126/science.62.1597.127, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17812840>
- ^ Haberlandt, G. (1877) Wilhelm Hofmeister. Plant Systematics and Evolution 27 (4): 113-117.
- ^ Box 9. PMID is an Acronym for PubMed Identifier or more specifically PubMed Unique Identifier which is a unique number assigned to each PubMed A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. 1 in Keddy, P.A. (2007) Plants and Vegetation: Origins, Processes, Consequences. Paul A Keddy (born May 29 1953 in London Ontario) is a Canadian Ecologist. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 680 p. ISBN 9780521864800 [1]
- ^ Brummitt, R. K. ; C. E. Powell (1992). Authors of Plant Names. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, usually referred to simply as Kew Gardens, are extensive Gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond and ISBN 1-84246-085-4.
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