Wilfred Trotter (1872-1939) was a British surgeon, a pioneer in neurosurgery. Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 In Medicine, a surgeon is a person who performs Surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive Medical treatment that involves the cutting of a Neurosurgery is the surgical discipline focused on treating those central, Peripheral nervous system and spinal column diseases amenable to surgical He was also known for his studies on social psychology, most notably for his concept of the herd instinct, which he first outlined in two published papers in 1908, and later in his famous popular work Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War. Social psychology is the study of how people and groups interact Herd behaviour describes how individuals in a group can act together without planned direction Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War is the title of a famous book by Wilfred Trotter. Trotter argued that gregariousness was an instinct, and studied beehives, flocks of sheep and a wolf packs. Friendship is a term used to denote co-operative and supportive behavior between two or more beings Instinct is the inherent disposition of a living Organism toward a particular Behavior. A beehive is in a general sense an enclosed structure in which some species of Honey bees (genus Apis) live and raise their young
He met Sigmund Freud several times. Sigmund Freud (ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt born Sigismund Shlomo Freud (May 6 1856 &ndash September 23 1939 was an Austrian Psychiatrist who founded According to Ernest Jones [1] (Freud's first biographer), "he was one of the first two or three in England to appreciate the significance of Freud's work, which I came to know through him. Alfred Ernest Jones ( January 1, 1879 – February 11, 1958) Welsh Neurologist, Psychoanalyst and Sigmund He was one of the rapidly diminishing group who attended the first International Congress at Salzburg in 1908. "
Working at University College Hospital in London, as professor of surgery, he held the office of honorary surgeon to King George V from 1928 to 1932. University College Hospital is a Teaching hospital in London, England, part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust He was also a member of the Council of the Royal Society that conferred their Honorary Membership on Professor Freud, whom he attended after his move to England. Later he was consulted about Freud's terminal cancer, in 1938.
Trotter was also the surgeon, at University College London for whom Wilfred Bion worked as a resident in his own medical training, before he famously studied groups and trained as a psychoanalyst at the Tavistock Institute. University College London ( UCL) is a multi-faculty university institution based in the United Kingdom and a constituent college of the University of London Wilfred Ruprecht Bion DSO (8 September 1897-8 November 1979 was a British psychoanalyst. This article is about the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations In her account of Bion's life 'The Days of our Years' [2], his wife, Francesca writes of the great influence Trotter had on the direction of Bion's work on group relations.
Edward Bernays, author of Propaganda, and nephew to Freud, also refers to Trotter and Gustave Le Bon in his writings. Edward Louis Bernays ( November 22, 1891 – March 9, 1995) is considered one of the fathers of the field of Public relations along Edward Bernays, the author of Propaganda, defined a practitioner of the profession of "counsel on Public relations " as a "practicing Gustave Le Bon ( May 7, 1841 &ndash December 13, 1931) was a French Social psychologist, Sociologist, and amateur
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Life
Born in Coleford, England, in 1872, Trotter moved to London to attend college at age 16. An excellent medical student, he decided to specialise in surgery, and opened his own practice after obtaining his medical degree. He was also a keen writer, with an interest in science and philosophy. In 1908 he published two papers about the herd mentality, which were precursors to his later, more famous, work. In the last years of his life, he taught at a medical school and turned to writing on a larger scale. The Collected Papers of Wilfred Trotter, an anthology of his final essays, appeared two years after his death in 1939.
Major Works
Trotter's popular book, The Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War is an analysis of group psychology and the ability of large numbers of people to be swayed by innate tendency. In it he popularised in English the concept, first developed by french sociologist Gustave Le Bon, of an instinct overriding the will of the individual in favour of the group. Gustave Le Bon ( May 7, 1841 &ndash December 13, 1931) was a French Social psychologist, Sociologist, and amateur
Trotter's writings about the herd mentality, which began as early as 1905 and were published as a paper in two parts in 1908 and 1909 are considered by some to represent a breakthrough in the understanding of group behaviour, long before its study became important in a variety of fields, from workplace relations to marketing. The field of industrial relations (also called labor relations) looks at the relationship between Management and workers particularly groups of workers represented In popular usage "marketing" is the promotion of products especially Advertising and Branding However in professional usage the term has a wider meaning of
Bibliography
Trotter, W. (1908). “Herd instinct and its bearing on the psychology of civilized man - part 1. ” Sociological Review, July.
Trotter, W. (1909). “Herd instinct and its bearing on the psychology of civilized man - part 2. ” Sociological Review, January.
Trotter, W. (1919). Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War - 4th impression, with postscript. New York, MacMillan.
Cooke, D. (1987). “Book review - WILFRED TROTTER, Instincts of the herd in peace and war 1916-1919, London, Keynes Press, 1985. ” Medical History 31(1): 113-4.
Holdstock, D. (1985). Introduction. in: Instincts of the herd in peace and war 1916-1919. W. Trotter. London, Keynes Press: pp xxviii.
See also
External links
Crowd psychology, or social facilitation theory, is a branch of Social psychology. Group dynamics is the study of groups and also a general term for group processes Gustave Le Bon ( May 7, 1841 &ndash December 13, 1931) was a French Social psychologist, Sociologist, and amateur Wilfred Ruprecht Bion DSO (8 September 1897-8 November 1979 was a British psychoanalyst. Alfred Ernest Jones ( January 1, 1879 – February 11, 1958) Welsh Neurologist, Psychoanalyst and SigmundDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic