The Westminster Review was founded in 1823 by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill as a quarterly journal for philosophical radicals, and was published from 1824 to 1914. Year 1823 ( MDCCCXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Jeremy Bentham ( IPA: or) (15 February 1748&ndash6 June 1832 was an English Jurist, Philosopher, and legal and Social reformer James Mill (6 April 1773 &ndash 23 June 1836 was a Scottish Historian, Economist, Political theorist, and Philosopher. For opposition to all forms of government social hierarchy or authority see Anarchism. Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
In 1851 the journal was acquired by John Chapman based at 142 the Strand, London, a publisher who originally had medical training. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year John Chapman (1821 - 1894 was a publisher who had medical training and was based at 142 The Strand London. The Strand is a street in the City of Westminster, London, England. The then unknown Mary Ann Evans, later better known by her pen name of George Eliot, had brought together his authors, including Francis Newman, W. R. Greg, Harriet Martineau and the young journalist Herbert Spencer who had been working and living cheaply in the offices of The Economist opposite Chapman's house. Mary Ann (Marian Evans ( 22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880) better known by her Pen name George Eliot, was an Francis Newman (?-1660 was an English Colonist in America Governor of the New Haven Colony in 1658-59 William Rathbone Greg ( 1809 - November 15, 1881) was an English essayist Harriet Martineau ( June 12, 1802 &ndash June 27, 1876) was an English Writer and Philosopher, renowned in her Herbert Spencer ( April 27, 1820 – December 8, 1903) was an English Philosopher; prominent classical liberal The Economist is an English-language weekly news and International affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London These authors met during that summer to give their support to this flagship of freethought and reform, joined by others including John Stuart Mill, William Carpenter, Robert Chambers and George J. Holyoake. John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806 &ndash 8 May 1873 British Philosopher, political economist, civil servant and Member of Parliament, was an influential Robert Chambers ( 10 July 1802 &ndash 17 March 1871) was a Scottish Author and Publisher, who in partnership George Jacob Holyoake ( 13 April 1817 - 22 January 1906) English secularist and co-operator, was born in They were later joined by Thomas Huxley, an ambitious young ship's surgeon determined to become a naturalist. Thomas Henry Huxley PC FRS (4 May 1825 – 29 June 1895 was an English Biologist, known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy
Mary Ann Evans ("George Eliot") became assistant editor and produced a four page prospectus setting out their common beliefs in progress, ameliorating ills and rewards for talent, setting out a loosely defined evolutionism as "the fundamental principle" of what she and Chapman called the "Law of Progress". Mary Ann (Marian Evans ( 22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880) better known by her Pen name George Eliot, was an In the Creation-evolution controversy, those who accept the Scientific theory of biological Evolution by Natural selection or Genetic drift are The group was divided over the work of Thomas Malthus, with Holyoake opposing it as the principle of the workhouse which blamed the poor for their poverty, while to Greg and Martineau this was a law of nature encouraging responsibility and self-improvement. Thomas Robert Malthus FRS (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834 was an English political economist and demographer who expressed views Chapman asked Herbert Spencer to write about this divisive matter for the first issue, and Spencer's Theory of Population deduced from the General Law of Animal Fertility actually appeared in the second issue, supporting the painful Malthusian principle as both true and self-correcting.
After 1853 John Tyndall joined Huxley in running the science section of the Westminster Review and formed a group of evolutionists who helped pave the way for Charles Darwin's 1859 publication of The Origin of Species and gave it backing in the ensuing furore. Year 1853 ( MDCCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common John Tyndall FRS ( August 2, 1820 &ndash December 4, 1893) was a prominent 19th century Irish Physicist. Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Charles Darwin 's On the Origin of Species (published 24 November 1859) is a seminal work in Scientific literature and arguably the The term "Darwinism" was first put in print by Huxley in his favourable review of The Origin, in the April 1860 issue of the Westminster Review. Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting
The Nuttall Encyclopedia, published in 1907, notes that the Breeches Review was then a nickname for the journal on account of the fact that Francis Place, a breeches-maker, was a major shareholder in the enterprise. Francis Place ( November 3 1771 - January 1 1854) was an English social reformer. Breeches (pronounced) are an item of male Clothing covering the body from the Waist down with separate coverings for each Leg, usually stopping just below
Notable contributors
Further reading
- Nesbitt, George L. James Mill (6 April 1773 &ndash 23 June 1836 was a Scottish Historian, Economist, Political theorist, and Philosopher. George Grote ( November 17, 1794 – June 18, 1871) was an English classical Historian, best known in the field for a major Mary Ann (Marian Evans ( 22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880) better known by her Pen name George Eliot, was an Herbert Spencer ( April 27, 1820 – December 8, 1903) was an English Philosopher; prominent classical liberal Thomas Henry Huxley PC FRS (4 May 1825 – 29 June 1895 was an English Biologist, known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy John Tyndall FRS ( August 2, 1820 &ndash December 4, 1893) was a prominent 19th century Irish Physicist. Benthamite Reviewing. The First Twelve Years of the Westminster Review, 1824-1836. New York: Columbia University Press, 1934.
External links
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