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This article is about the sport of weightlifting. For the muscle-building activity involving weights, see weight training. Weight training is a common type of Strength training for developing the strength and size of Skeletal muscles It uses the Force of gravity For using weights to develop physique, see bodybuilding. Bodybuilding is the process of maximizing Muscle hypertrophy.
Iraqi weightlifter with 180kg in the rack position; at the end of the clean phase.
Iraqi weightlifter with 180kg in the rack position; at the end of the clean phase. [1]

Weightlifting , also called Olympic weightlifting or Olympic-style weightlifting, is a sport in which participants attempt a maximum weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates. The two lifts currently competed are the clean and jerk and the snatch. The compound word "weightlifting" is often used incorrectly to refer to weight training. Weight training is a common type of Strength training for developing the strength and size of Skeletal muscles It uses the Force of gravity In comparison with powerlifting, weightlifting requires more power because the lifts must be executed more quickly and with more mobility because of a greater range of motion during the lifts. Powerlifting is a strength Sport, consisting of three events the squat, the Bench press, and the Deadlift. In Physics, power (symbol P) is the rate at which work is performed or energy is transmitted or the amount of energy required or expended for While there are relatively few competitive Olympic lifters, the lifts and their components are commonly used by elite athletes to train for explosive and functional strength.

Contents

The Olympic lifts

Clean and jerk. Lifter has jerked the bar overhead and is working her legs back together.
Clean and jerk. Lifter has jerked the bar overhead and is working her legs back together.

The sport of Olympic weightlifting consists of two lifts, the snatch and the clean and jerk. The snatch is one of the two current Olympic Weightlifting events (the other being the Clean and jerk) The clean and jerk is one of two current Olympic Weightlifting events (the other being the snatch) In both, the lift begins with the barbell on the floor and ends with the lifter standing erect with the barbell held steady over his head with arms and legs straight and motionless.

In the snatch, the lifter must lift the barbell from the floor to over their head in one continuous movement. The lifter attempts to accelerate the bar vertically as fast as possible (the pull), then "jump" under it into an overhead squat position (the drop). The lifter then executes the concentric portion of the squat to complete the lift. Concentric objects share the same center, axis or origin with one inside the other

The clean and jerk has two major components. The clean portion consists of the pull, the drop, and the front squat. The jerk consists of the dip, the drive (together called the quarter jerk), and the split (or the squat or catch). The lifter first "cleans" the barbell from the floor to an intermediate position, "racking" the bar against their chest in a front squat then stands up in the concentric portion of the front squat. The squat is a lower body exercise used in Strength training. Concentric objects share the same center, axis or origin with one inside the other The lifter then rapidly pushes the barbell vertically and separates his legs either front-to-back or side-to-side to get under the bar and straighten his arms. The lifter then works his legs back together to complete the lift.

In competition, three judges oversee the successful completion of the lift. Once a competitor has met the requirements in their opinion, each judge shines a white light. When at least two white lights are shown, the lift is regarded as successful and the competitor may return the bar to the platform. If the competitor fails to achieve a successful lift in the opinion of a judge, a red light is shown. The bar must be lifted to at least knee level within 60 seconds of the bar being loaded or the lift does not count. If the competitor is making two consecutive lifts, then they are permitted 120 seconds for the second lift.

A third lift, the "clean and press" or simply "press", was practiced in the Olympics until 1972. The clean and press is a Weight training exercise and was part of the sport of Weightlifting in the Olympics until 1972 The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an International Multi-sport event, usually quadrennial organised by the International Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The clean and press differs from the clean and jerk, in that the weight is pressed directly up from the chest with the arms only, while remaining standing, while the jerk uses the legs' power to assist the arms part of the way up, followed by the body sinking downward into a split or squat to complete the extension of the arms, before once again standing. The press was eliminated due to the difficulty in judging whether the lift was performed correctly: lifters were bending so far backward as to turn it into a "standing bench press".

Requirements of weightlifting

Weightlifting requires power, technique, flexibility and consistency. A weightlifter's strength comes primarily from the legs, specifically the muscles of the quadriceps and posterior chain, and secondarily the back, anterior core, and shoulders. "Quads" redirects here For other uses see Quad The quadriceps femoris ( Latin for "four-headed of the femur" also The posterior chain is a group of muscles tendons and ligaments on the posterior kinetic chain of the body Weightlifting is a full body activity, but these muscles receive emphasis over the others within the body. Weightlifters need not necessarily be heavy, as they compete by weight classes.

The inherent mechanics of weightlifting favors the physical characteristics of short people, similar to the manner in which basketball favors tall people. The effort of lifting a weight is "work done" and is the product of weight x distance. Weightlifting does not measure work done. It is easy to imagine that a very short person could snatch to 5 feet (1. 5m), and a very tall person to 8 feet (2. 4m). A very tall lifter's chest could exceed a short lifter's jerk, meaning they have already done more work just by lifting to the chest. Nevertheless, many taller people have been successful at lifting, as indeed, have some shorter basketball players.

Relative exercises compared to a lift

A lifter can typically lift more for each component parts of an Olympic lift than they can for an Olympic lift itself. The figures below are an example for a 150 kg clean and jerk for a typical experienced lifter:

Competition

The competitive sport is controlled by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF). The International Weightlifting Federation (IWF headquartered in Budapest, is the international governing body for the sport of Weightlifting. Based in Budapest, it was founded in 1905. Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political, Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting

Competitors compete in one of eight (seven for women) divisions determined by their body mass. These classes are currently: men's: 56 kg (123. 5 lb), 62 kg (136. The pound or pound-mass (abbreviation lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States #) is a unit of Mass 7 lb), 69 kg (152. 1 lb), 77 kg (169. 8 lb), 85 kg (187. 4 lb), 94 kg (207. 2 lb), 105 kg (231. 5 lb) and 105+ kg, and women's: 48kg (105. 8 lb. ), 53 kg (116. 8 lb), 58 kg (127. 8 lb), 63 kg (138. 9 lb), 69 kg (152. 1 lb), 75 kg (165. 3 lb), and 75+ kg. [2] In each weight division, competitors compete in both the snatch and clean and jerk, and prizes are usually given for the heaviest weights lifted in the snatch, clean and jerk, and the two combined.

The order of the competition is up to the lifters—the competitor who chooses to attempt the lowest weight goes first. In the Physical sciences weight is a Measurement of the gravitational Force acting on an object If they are unsuccessful at that weight, they have the option of reattempting that lift or trying a heavier weight later (after any other competitors have made attempts at that weight or any intermediate weights). Weights are set in 1 kilogram increments (previously 2. 5kg increments), and each lifter can have a maximum of three lifts, regardless of whether lifts are successful or not.

The title Best Lifter is commonly awarded at local competitions. The award is based on the lifters' Sinclair Coefficients, which calculate strength-to-weight ratio of the lifters. The Sinclair Coefficients are a means to compare different Weight classes in Olympic Weightlifting. Typically, the winner of the heaviest weight class will have lifted the most weight, but a lifter in a lighter weight class will have lifted more in proportion to his bodyweight.

Lifters from Bulgaria, Romania, China, Iran, Greece and Turkey are known for competing successfully at the international level. The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches

Top lifters

Records

The total record in the men's 56 kg class is 305 kg, in the 105+ kg class it is 472. Hossein Rezazadeh ( born May 12, 1978 in Ardabil, Iran) is a former Iranian Weightlifter and the current world Pyrros Dimas (Πύρρος Δήμας Pirro Dhima born October 13, 1971) is a Greek weightlifter and three-time Olympic champion Naim Süleymanoğlu (born January 23, 1967 in Ptichar Bulgaria) formerly known as Naim Suleimanov (Наим Сюлейманов is Kakhi Kakhiashvili (born July 13 1969 in Tskhinvali, South Ossetian AO, Georgian SSR, USSR) a Georgian Halil Mutlu (born Huben Hubenov on July Norbert Schemansky (born May 30 1924 in Detroit Michigan) was an Olympic weightlifter for the United States. Ronny Weller (born July 22, 1969 in Oelsnitz) is a German weightlifter who competed for East Germany and later for Germany Nikolay Pechalov (Николай Пешалов Nikolaj Pešalov born on May 30, 1970 in Pazardjik Bulgaria) is Olympic and World champion Leonid Arkadevich Taranenko (Леонид Аркадьевич Тараненко born June 13 1956 in Malaryta, Byelorussian SSR) is a former Not to be confused with Terranaut. Tara Nott (born May 10 1972 in Del Rio Texas) was an Olympic weightlifter Yurik Norairovich Vardanian (Юрик Норайрович Варданян born June 13 1956 in Leninakan, Armenian SSR) is a former Olympic 5 kg. [3] The current official record for the clean and jerk in the men's +105 kg class is held by Hossein Rezazadeh of Iran, who clean and jerked 263. Hossein Rezazadeh ( born May 12, 1978 in Ardabil, Iran) is a former Iranian Weightlifter and the current world For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. 5 kg (580. 9 lb) at the 2004 Athens Summer Olympics. The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated He snatched 213. 0 kg (469. 6 lb) in September 2003 at Qinhuangdao. Qinhuangdao ( Postal map spelling: Chinwangtao) is a city in Hebei province China. Rezazadeh scored a record total of 472. 5 kg at both the 2000 Sydney Olympics and 2004 Athens Olympics. "I am proud and happy to proclaim that you have presented to the world the best Olympic Games ever The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated The current record for the clean and jerk in the women's 75+ kg class is held by Gonghong Tang of China, who lifted 182. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National 5 kg (402. 3 lb) at the 2004 Athens Summer Olympics. The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated [3]

Due to the restructuring of the competitive weight classes that took place in 1993 and 1998, the following lifts are no longer recognized as the official world records. However, these remain the highest figures ever posted in competition. Yevgeny Sypko lifted in the Druzhba Cup Meet, on March 4, 1990, at 130. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) 65kg and snatched 216. 5kg (477. 3 lb), the highest competitive snatch in history, although it is not recognized as a world record because the meet wasn't officially drug tested. However, it did count as a Soviet Record. The heaviest 'official' snatch of all time is 216. 0 kg (476. 2 lb), lifted by Antonio Krastev of Bulgaria in 1987. The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian That year Antonio's training produced a world record exceeding snatch of 222. 5kg (490. 5 lb). The heaviest clean and jerk of all time is 266. 0 kg (586. 4 lb) lifted by Leonid Taranenko in Canberra, Australia on November 26, 1988. Leonid Arkadevich Taranenko (Леонид Аркадьевич Тараненко born June 13 1956 in Malaryta, Byelorussian SSR) is a former Canberra ( is the capital city of Australia With a population of over 340000 it is Australia's largest inland City. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 43 BC - The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian" later "Caesar Augustus" Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) In the same event, Taranenko set a world record of 475 kg (1047. 2 lb) in the total.

The Sinclair Coefficients are used as a tool to devise rankings of weightlifters across different weight classes. The Sinclair Coefficients are a means to compare different Weight classes in Olympic Weightlifting. [4]

See also

References

  1. ^ Cossel, Benjamin J. Strength athletics, more generally known as strongman competitions is a sport which tests competitors' strength in a variety of different ways (March 25, 2004). Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " "Releases/2004/Mar2004/25Mar2004-01.htm Soldiers help Iraq's heavy lifters. USAREUR Public Affairs.
  2. ^ IWF Technical Rules (PDF). International Federation of Weightlifting. Retrieved on 2007-01-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople.
  3. ^ a b IWF World Records. International Federation of Weightlifting. Retrieved on 2007-01-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople.
  4. ^ The Sinclair Coefficients for the Olympiad. International Federation of Weightlifting. Retrieved on 2007-01-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople.

External links

Dictionary

weightlifting

-noun

  1. (sports) A sport in which competitors lift heavy weights in two events: the snatch and the clean and jerk.
  2. A form of exercise in which weights are lifted.
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