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A website (alternatively, web site or Web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or more web servers, usually accessible via the Internet. A web page or webpage is a resource of information that is suitable for the World Wide Web and can be accessed through a Web browser. The term web server can mean one of two things A Computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from web clients which are The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks

A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML, that is almost always accessible via HTTP, a protocol that transfers information from the Web server to display in the user's Web browser. HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure Hypertext Transfer Protocol ( HTTP) is a Communications protocol for the transfer of information on the Internet. The term web server can mean one of two things A Computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from web clients which are A web browser is a software application which enables a user to display and interact with text images videos music games and other information typically located on a

All publicly accessible websites are seen collectively as constituting the "World Wide Web". The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked Hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.

The pages of websites can usually be accessed from a common root URL called the homepage, and usually reside on the same physical server. Uniform Resource Locator is an URI which also specifies where the identified resource is available and the protocol for retrieving it The homepage (often written as home page) or main page is the URL or local file that automatically loads when a Web browser starts and when The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy, although the hyperlinks between them control how the reader perceives the overall structure and how the traffic flows between the different parts of the sites. In computing a hyperlink is a Reference or Navigation element in a Document to another Section of the same document or to another Web traffic is the amount of data sent and received by visitors to a Web site.

Some websites require a subscription to access some or all of their content. The subscription business model is a Business model where a customer must pay a subscription price to have access to the product/service Examples of subscription sites include many business sites, parts of many news sites, academic journal sites, gaming sites, message boards, Web-based e-mail, services, social networking websites, and sites providing real-time stock market data. A business (also called firm or an enterprise) is a legally recognized organizational entity designed to provide goods and/or services to News is any new information or information on Current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or Word of mouth An academic journal is a peer-reviewed Periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular Academic discipline is published An, or message board, is a Bulletin board system in the form of a discussion site Electronic mail, often abbreviated to e-mail, email, or originally eMail, is a Store-and-forward method of writing sending receiving A stock market, or (equity market is a private or public market for the trading of company Stock and derivatives of company

Contents

History

The first on-line website appeared in 1991. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. On 30 April 1993, CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free to anyone. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The European Organization for Nuclear Research (Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire known as CERN [1] A copy of the original first Web page, created by Tim Berners-Lee, is kept here. Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA (born 8 June 1955 is an English computer scientist who is credited

Overview

Organized by function a website may be

It could be the work of an individual, a business or other organization and is typically dedicated to some particular topic or purpose. Personal web pages are World Wide Web pages created by an individual to contain content of a personal nature A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages e-Government (from electronic Government, also known as e-gov, digital government, online government or in a certain context A non-profit organization ( abbreviated "NPO" also "not-for-profit" is a legally constituted Organization whose objective is to support or engage Any website can contain a hyperlink to any other website, so the distinction between individual sites, as perceived by the user, may sometimes be blurred. In computing a hyperlink is a Reference or Navigation element in a Document to another Section of the same document or to another

Websites are written in, or dynamically converted to, HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) and are accessed using a software interface classified as an user agent. HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure A user agent is the client application used with a particular Network protocol; the phrase is most commonly used in reference to those which access the World Web pages can be viewed or otherwise accessed from a range of computer-based and Internet-enabled devices of various sizes, including desktop computers, laptop computers, PDAs and cell phones. A personal computer ( PC) is any Computer whose original sales price size and capabilities make it useful for individuals and which is intended to be operated A laptop computer, also known as a notebook computer, is a small Personal computer designed for mobile use.

A website is hosted on a computer system known as a web server, also called an HTTP server, and these terms can also refer to the software that runs on these system and that retrieves and delivers the Web pages in response to requests from the website users. A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. The term web server can mean one of two things A Computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from web clients which are Apache is the most commonly used Web server software (according to Netcraft statistics) and Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS) is also commonly used. Netcraft is an Internet services company based in Bath, England. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Internet Information Services ( IIS)&mdashformerly called Internet Information Server &mdashis a Microsoft -produced set of Internet-based services

Website styles

A static website is one that has web pages stored on the server in the same form as the user will view them. They are edited using three broad categories of software:

A dynamic website is one that has frequently changing information or collates information on the hop each time a page is requested. For example, it would call various bits of information from a database and put them together in a pre-defined format to present the reader with a coherent page. It interacts with users in a variety of ways including by reading cookies recognizing users' previous history, session variables, server side variables etc. HTTP cookies, or more commonly referred to as Web cookies tracking cookies or just cookies are parcels of text sent by a server to a Web client (usually , or by using direct interaction (form elements, mouseovers, etc. A Mouseover or hover box refers to a GUI event that is raised when the user moves or "hovers" the Cursor over a particular area ). A site can display the current state of a dialogue between users, monitor a changing situation, or provide information in some way personalized to the requirements of the individual user.

Some countries, for example the U. K. have introduced legislation regarding web accessibility [1]. Web accessibility refers to the practice of making Websites usable by people of all abilities and Disabilities.

Software systems

There is a wide range of software systems, such as Java Server Pages (JSP), the PHP and Perl programming languages, Active Server Pages (ASP) and ColdFusion (CFM) that are available to generate dynamic Web systems and dynamic sites. JavaServer Pages ( JSP) is a Java technology that allows Software developers to dynamically generate HTML, XML or other types of documents PHP is a computer Scripting language. Originally designed for producing Dynamic web pages it has evolved to include a Command line interface capability NOTES FOR EDITORS "Perl" is not an acronym (read the "Name" section below A programming language is an Artificial language that can be used to write programs which control the behavior of a machine particularly a Computer. Active Server Pages ( ASP) is Microsoft 's first server-side script engine for dynamically-generated web pages This article is about the computer programming language For the nuclear reactions see Cold fusion. Sites may also include content that is retrieved from one or more databases or by using XML-based technologies such as RSS. A Computer Database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system Don't change "Extensible" RSS is a family of Web feed formats used to publish frequently updated works – such as Blog entries news headlines audio and video – in a standardized

Static content may also be dynamically generated either periodically, or if certain conditions for regeneration occur (cached) in order to avoid the performance loss of initiating the dynamic engine on a per-user or per-connection basis.

Plugins are available to expand the features and abilities of Web browsers, which use them to show active content, such as Flash, Shockwave or applets written in Java. Adobe Flash (previously called Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash) is a set of Multimedia software created by Macromedia and currently Adobe Shockwave (formerly Macromedia Shockwave) was Macromedia 's first and most successful multimedia player prior to the introduction of Macromedia Flash (now An applet is a software component that runs in the context of another program for example a Web browser. Dynamic HTML also provides for user interactivity and realtime element updating within Web pages (i. Dynamic HTML, or DHTML, is a collection of technologies used together to create interactive and animated Web sites by using a combination of a static Markup e. , pages don't have to be loaded or reloaded to effect any changes), mainly using the DOM and JavaScript, support which is built-in to most modern Web browsers. The Document Object Model ( DOM) is a platform- and language -independent standard Object model for representing HTML or XML and related JavaScript is a Scripting language most often used for Client-side web development

website


Turning a website into an income source is a common practice for web-developers and website owners. There are several methods for creating a website business which fall into two broad categories, as defined below.

1. Content based sites

Some websites derive revenue by selling advertising space on the site (see contextual ads). Contextual advertising is a form of Targeted advertising for Advertisements appearing on Websites or other media such as content displayed in mobile

2. Product or service based sites

Some websites derive revenue by offering products or services. In the case of e-commerce websites, the products or services may be purchased at the website itself, by entering credit card or other payment information into a payment form on the site. Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce' or eCommerce, consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic While most business websites serve as a shop window for existing brick and mortar businesses, it is increasingly the case that some websites are businesses in their own right; that is, the products they offer are only available for purchase on the web. Brick and mortar (B&M refers to a company which possesses a building for operations

Guides have been published which explain how to create a variety of types of websites including those in both the above categories. See the links at the bottom of this page.

Websites occasionally derive income from a combination of these two practices. For example, a website such as an online auctions website may charge the users of its auction service to list an auction, but also display third-party advertisements on the site, from which it derives further income.

Spelling

As noted above, there are several different spellings for this term. Although "website" and "web site" are commonly used (the former especially in British English), the Associated Press Stylebook, Reuters, Microsoft, academia, book publishing, The Chicago Manual of Style, and dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster use the two-word, initially capitalized spelling Web site. British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the This article is primarily about Reuters prior to its 2008 merger with Thomson Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of Literature or Information &ndash the activity of making information available for public view The Chicago Manual of Style (abbreviated in writing as CMS or CMOS or verbally as Chicago) is a Style guide for American English Merriam-Webster, which was originally the G & C Merriam Company of Springfield Massachusetts, is an American company that publishes reference books This is because "Web" is not a general term but a shortened form of World Wide Web. As with many newly created terms, it may take some time before a common spelling is finalized. (This controversy also applies to derivative terms such as "Web master"/"webmaster" and "Web cam"/"webcam").

The Canadian Oxford Dictionary and the Canadian Press Stylebook list "website" and "web page" as the preferred spellings. The Canadian Oxford Dictionary (abbreviated CanOD) is a Dictionary of Canadian English. The Oxford English Dictionary began using "website" as its standardized form in 2004. The Oxford English Dictionary ( OED) published by the Oxford University Press (OUP is a comprehensive Dictionary of the English [2]

Bill Walsh, the copy chief of The Washington Post's national desk, and one of American English’s foremost grammarians, argues for the two-word spelling with capital W in his books Lapsing into a Comma and The Elephants of Style, and on his site, the Slot. Bill Walsh (born December 20, 1961) is the copy chief of the national desk at The Washington Post, where he has worked since 1997 [3]

Types of websites

There are many varieties of Web sites, each specializing in a particular type of content or use, and they may be arbitrarily classified in any number of ways. A few such classifications might include:

Some websites may be included in one or more of these categories. For example, a business website may promote the business's products, but may also host informative documents, such as white papers. A white paper is an authoritative report or guide that often addresses problems and how to solve them There are also numerous sub-categories to the ones listed above. For example, a porn site is a specific type of eCommerce site or business site (that is, it is trying to sell memberships for access to its site). Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer A fan site may be a dedication from the owner to a particular celebrity. A fansite or fan site (also named fanpage is a Website created and maintained by a fan (s or devotee(s interested in a Celebrity, thing or A celebrity is a widely-recognized or famous person who commands a high degree of public and media attention

Websites are constrained by architectural limits (e. g. , the computing power dedicated to the website). Very large websites, such as Yahoo!, Microsoft, and Google employ many servers and load balancing equipment such as Cisco Content Services Switches to distribute visitor loads over multiple computers at multiple locations. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Google Inc is an American public corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search, e-mail, online In Computer networking, load balancing is a technique to spread work between two or more computers network links CPUs hard drives or other resources in order to get optimal A

In January of 2007, Netcraft, an Internet monitoring company that has tracked Web growth since 1995, reported that there were 106,875,138 Web sites with domain names and content on them in 2007, compared to just 18,000 Web sites in August 1995. Netcraft is an Internet services company based in Bath, England. Website monitoring is the process of testing or tracking (monitoring how end-users interact with a Website or Web application. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995

Prizes

The Webby Awards are a set of awards presented to the world's "best" websites, a concept pioneered by Best of the Web in 1994. Best of the Web Directory is a commercial Web directory providing Websites categorized topically and regionally

See also

References

  1. ^ Cailliau, Robert. Adobe Dreamweaver is a Web development application originally created by Allaire Systems who was acquired approximately 1998 by Macromedia and is now owned Cyberspace &mdash from the Greek el Κυβερνήτης (el kybernētēs steersman governor pilot or rudder &mdash is the global domain of electro-magnetics accessed Downtime or outage refers to a period of time or a percentage of a timespan that a System is unavailable or Offline. Classical Hypertext navigation occurs among An extranet is a private network that uses Internet protocols network connectivity and possibly the public telecommunication system to securely share part of An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet protocols and network connectivity to securely share any part of an organization's information or operational This is a list of notable Content management systems that are used to organize and facilitate collaborative content creation This is a list of all Website lists. List of biological websites List of blogs List of environmental websites Microsoft FrontPage (later full name Microsoft Office FrontPage) is a WYSIWYG HTML editor and Web site administration tool from Microsoft IBM Rational Application Developer for WebSphere Software (RAD is an Integrated development environment (IDE made by IBM 's Rational Software division Rating sites (less commonly rate-me sites) are Websites designed for users to vote on or rate people content, or other things Real user monitoring (RUM is a passive web monitoring technology that records all user interaction with a Website. Search engine optimization ( SEO also search optimization) is the process of editing and organizing the content on a webpage or across a website to increase its potential Semantic publishing on the Web or Semantic web publishing refers to publishing information Such content will be deleted Specific software is to be mentioned in this article only Well planned Web site development involves development, staging and production servers Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA (born 8 June 1955 is an English computer scientist who is credited The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked Hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. Uptime is a measure of the time a Computer system has been "up" and running Web page design is a process of conceptualization planning modeling and execution of Electronic media content delivery via Internet in the form Web page design is a process of conceptualization planning modeling and execution of Electronic media content delivery via Internet in the form Web development is a broad term for any activity related to developing a Web site for the World Wide Web or an Intranet. Web analytics is the study of online behaviour in order to improve it In Software engineering, a web application or webapp is an application that is accessed via Web browser over a network such as the Internet A content management system ( CMS) is a computer application used to create edit manage and publish content in a consistently organized fashion The internet industry has established various Award schemes for Websites, following the example of the Tony, Oscar, BAFTA, Cannes Film Festival Website monitoring is the process of testing or tracking (monitoring how end-users interact with a Website or Web application. Website architecture is an approach to the design and planning of websites which like Architecture itself involves technical aesthetic and functional criteria WS-Security ( Web Services Security) is a Communications protocol providing a means for applying security to Web services On April 19 2004 the WS-Security A Web service (also Web Service) is defined by the W3C as "a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction A web template is a tool used to separate content from presentation in Web design, and for mass-production of Web documents It is a basic component of a The webmaster (feminine webmistress) also called the Web architect, the Web developer, the site author, or the website A Little History of the World Wide Web. Retrieved on 2007-02-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols
  2. ^ AskOxford: How should the term website be written in official documents and on the web?. Oxford Dictionaries Online. Retrieved on 2007-02-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable
  3. ^ The Slot—Sharp Points: Here We Go Again—Eeee!.

External links

Dictionary

website

-noun

  1. Alternative spelling of web site.
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