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Web development is a broad term for any activities related to developing a web site for the World Wide Web or an intranet. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked Hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet protocols and network connectivity to securely share any part of an organization's information or operational This can include e-commerce business development, web design, web content development, client-side/server-side coding, and web server configuration. Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce' or eCommerce, consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic Business development Specialist, comprises a number of techniques designed to create new customers and penetrate existing Web page design is a process of conceptualization planning modeling and execution of Electronic media content delivery via Internet in the form Web content development is the process of Researching Writing, gathering organizing and Editing Information for Publication Client-side scripting generally refers to the class of Computer programs on the web that are executed Client-side, by the user's Server-side scripting is a Web server technology in which a user's request is fulfilled by running a script directly on the web server to generate dynamic HTML pages The term web server can mean one of two things A Computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from web clients which are However, among web professionals, "web development" usually refers only to the non-design aspects of building web sites, e. g. writing markup and coding. A markup language is an Artificial language using a set of annotations to text that give instructions regarding the structure of text or how it is to be displayed Web development can range from developing the simplest static single page of plain text to the most complex web-based internet applications, electronic businesses, or social network services. In Computing, plain text is a term used for an ordinary "unformatted" sequential file readable as textual material without much processing Rich Internet applications (RIAs are Web applications that have the features and functionality of traditional desktop applications. Electronic Business, commonly referred to as " eBusiness " or " e-Business " may be defined as the utilisation of information and communication

For larger businesses and organizations, web development teams can consist of hundreds of people (web developers). A web developer is a Software developer or Software engineer who is specifically engaged in the development of World Wide Web applications or distributed Smaller organizations may only require a single permanent or contracting webmaster, or secondary assignment to related job positions such as a graphic designer and/or Information systems technician. The webmaster (feminine webmistress) also called the Web architect, the Web developer, the site author, or the website A graphic designer (also known as a graphic artist and communication designer) is a professional within the Graphic design and Graphic arts industry The term information system (IS sometimes refers to a System of persons Data records and activities that process the data and Information in an organization Web development may be a collaborative effort between departments rather than the domain of a designated department.

Web development as an industry

Since the mid-1990s, web development has been one of the fastest growing industries in the world. In 1995 there were fewer than 1,000 web development companies in the United States alone, but by 2005 there were over 30,000 such companies. [1] The web development industry is expected to grow over 20% by 2010. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" The growth of this industry is being pushed by large businesses wishing to sell products and services to their customers and to automate business workflow, as well as the growth of many small web design and development companies. Automation ( Ancient Greek: = self dictated) roboticization or industrial automation or Numerical control is the use of Control systems A workflow is a depiction of a sequence of operations declared as work of a person work of a simple or complex mechanism work of a group of persons work of an organization of staff

In addition, cost of Web site development and hosting has dropped dramatically during this time. Instead of costing tens of thousands of dollars, as was the case for early websites, one can now develop a simple web site for less than a thousand dollars, depending on the complexity and amount of content. Smaller Web site development companies are now able to make web design accessible to both smaller companies and individuals further fueling the growth of the web development industry. As far as web development tools and platforms are concerned, there are many systems available to the public free of charge to aid in development. A web developer is a Software developer or Software engineer who is specifically engaged in the development of World Wide Web applications or distributed A popular example is the LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP), which is usually distributed free of charge. The Acronym LAMP refers to a Solution stack of software usually Free and open source software, used to run dynamic Web sites or servers Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks MySQL is a Relational database management system (RDBMS which has more than 11 million installations PHP is a computer Scripting language. Originally designed for producing Dynamic web pages it has evolved to include a Command line interface capability This fact alone has manifested into many people around the globe setting up new Web sites daily and thus contributing to increase in web development popularity. Another contributing factor has been the rise of easy to use WYSIWYG web development software, most prominently Adobe Dreamweaver or Microsoft Expression Studio (formerly Microsoft Frontpage) . WYSIWYG (ˈwɪziwɪg or /ˈwɪzɪwɪg/ is an Acronym for W hat Y ou S ee I s W hat Y ou G Adobe Dreamweaver is a Web development application originally created by Allaire Systems who was acquired approximately 1998 by Macromedia and is now owned Microsoft Expression Studio is a suite of design and media applications from Microsoft aimed at developers and designers Microsoft FrontPage (later full name Microsoft Office FrontPage) is a WYSIWYG HTML editor and Web site administration tool from Microsoft Using such software, virtually anyone can develop a Web page in a matter of minutes. Knowledge of HyperText Markup Language (HTML), or other programming languages is not required, but recommended for professional results. HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure

The next generation of web development tools uses the strong growth in LAMP and Microsoft .NET technologies to provide the Web as a way to run applications online. Web developers now help to deliver applications as Web services which were traditionally only available as applications on a desk based computer.

Instead of running executable code on a local computer, users are interacting with online applications to create new content. In Communications a code is a rule for converting a piece of Information (for example a letter, Word, Phrase, or This has created new methods in communication and allowed for many opportunities to decentralize information and media distribution. Users are now able to interact with applications from many locations, instead of being tied to a specific workstation for their application environment.

Examples of dramatic transformation in communication and commerce led by web development include e-commerce. Online auction sites such as eBay have changed the way consumers consume and purchase goods and services. eBay Inc is an American Internet company that manages eBaycom an Online auction and shopping Website in which people and businesses buy and Online resellers such as Amazon.com and Buy.com (among many, many others) have transformed the shopping and bargain hunting experience for many consumers. Amazoncom Inc ( is an American electronic commerce ( E-commerce) company in Seattle Washington. Buycom is an online retailer based in Aliso Viejo California. Another good example of transformative communication led by web development is the blog. A blog (a contraction of the term " Web log " is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary descriptions of Web applications such as WordPress and b2evolution have created easily implemented blog environments for individual Web sites. WordPress is an Open source blog publishing application. WordPress is the official successor of b2\cafelog, developed by Michel Valdrighi b2evolution is a multi-lingual multi-user multi- blog publishing system written in PHP and backed by a MySQL database Open source content systems such as Typo3, Xoops, Joomla!, and Drupal have extended web development into new modes of interaction and communication. XOOPS is a free Content management system, written in PHP, for websites Joomla! is a free open source Content management system for publishing content on the World Wide Web and Intranets The system includes Drupal (ˈdɹuːpʰəl is a free and Open source modular framework and Content management system (CMS written in the programming language

Typical Areas

Web Development can be split into many areas and a typical and basic web development hierarchy might consist of;

The above list is a simple website development hierarchy and can be extended to include all client side and server side aspects. MySQL is a Relational database management system (RDBMS which has more than 11 million installations PostgreSQL is an Object-relational database management system (ORDBMS SQLite is a mostly ACID -compliant Relational database management system contained in a relatively small (~500 kB) C programming library Microsoft SQL Server is a Relational database management system (RDBMS produced by Microsoft. An oracle is a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophetic opinion an Infallible authority usually spiritual in nature A web developer is a Software developer or Software engineer who is specifically engaged in the development of World Wide Web applications or distributed The term graphic design can refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines which focus on visual communication and presentation Web page design is a process of conceptualization planning modeling and execution of Electronic media content delivery via Internet in the form Information architecture ( IA) is the art of expressing a Model or Concept of Information used in activities that require explicit details Copywriting is the use of words to promote a Person, Business, Opinion, or Idea. Copy editing (also copy-editing and copyediting) is the editorial work that an editor does to make Formatting changes and improvements to a manuscript Web accessibility refers to the practice of making Websites usable by people of all abilities and Disabilities. Search engine optimization ( SEO also search optimization) is the process of editing and organizing the content on a webpage or across a website to increase its potential Project Management is the discipline of planning organizing and managing resources to bring about the successful completion of specific project goals and objectives Quality assurance, or QA for short refers to planned and systematic production processes that provide confidence in a product's suitability for its intended purpose Software development is the translation of a user need or marketing goal into a Software product It is still important to remember that web development is generally split up into client side coding covering aspects such as the layout and design, then server side coding, which covers the website's functionality and back end systems.

Looking at these items from an "umbrella approach", client side coding such as XHTML is executed and stored on a local client (in a web browser) whereas server side code is not available to a client and is executed on a web server which generates the appropriate XHTML which is then sent to the client. The Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, or XHTML, is a The term web server can mean one of two things A Computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from web clients which are As the nature of client side coding allows you to alter the HTML on a local client and refresh the pages with updated content (locally), web designers must bear in mind the importance and relevance to security with their server side scripts. Web page design is a process of conceptualization planning modeling and execution of Electronic media content delivery via Internet in the form If a server side script accepts content from a locally modified client side script, the web development of that page shows poor sanitization with relation to security. Web development is a broad term for any activity related to developing a Web site for the World Wide Web or an Intranet.

Security Considerations

Web development takes into account a lot of things, such as data entry error checking through forms, as well as sanitization of the data that is entered in those fields. Malicious practices such as SQL injection can be executed through users with ill intent yet only primitive knowledge of web development as a whole. SQL injection is a technique that exploits a Security vulnerability occurring in the Database layer of an application. Not only this, but scripts can be exploited to grant unauthorized access to the hacker to gain information such as email addresses, passwords and protected content like credit card numbers.

Some of this is dependent on the server environment (most commonly Apache or Microsoft IIS) on which the scripting language, such as PHP, Ruby, Python, Perl or ASP is running, and therefore is not necessarily down to the web developer themselves to maintain. Internet Information Services ( IIS)&mdashformerly called Internet Information Server &mdashis a Microsoft -produced set of Internet-based services PHP is a computer Scripting language. Originally designed for producing Dynamic web pages it has evolved to include a Command line interface capability A Ruby is a pink to blood-red Gemstone, a variety of the Mineral Corundum ( Aluminium oxide) NOTES FOR EDITORS "Perl" is not an acronym (read the "Name" section below However, stringent testing of web applications before public release is encouraged to prevent such exploits from occurring.

Keeping a web server safe from intrusion is often called Server Port Hardening. Many technologies come into play when keeping information on the internet safe when it is transmitted from one location to another. For instance Secure Socket Layer Encryption (SSL) Certificates are issued by certificate authorities to help prevent internet fraud. Transport Layer Security ( TLS) and its predecessor Secure Sockets Layer ( SSL) are Cryptographic protocols that provide secure The term " Internet fraud " generally refers to any type of fraud scheme that uses one or more online services - such as chat rooms e-mail message boards or Web sites - to present Many developers often employ different forms of encryption when transmitting and storing sensitive information. A basic understanding of information technology security concerns is often part of a web developers knowledge. Information technology ( IT) as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA is "the study design development implementation support

Because new security holes are found in web applications even after testing and launch, security patch updates are frequent for widely used applications. It is often the job of web developers to keep applications up to date as security patches are released and new security concerns are discovered.

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