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Horde groupware is a typical web application.
Horde groupware is a typical web application. Horde is a PHP -based Web application framework. It offers applications such as the Horde IMP email client, a groupware package (calendar notes Collaborative software (also referred to as groupware or workgroup support systems) is software designed to help people involved in a common task achieve their

In software engineering, a Web application is an application that is accessed via Web browser over a network such as the Internet or an intranet. Software engineering is the application of a systematic disciplined quantifiable approach to the development operation and maintenance of Software. Application software is a subclass of Computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform A web browser is a software application which enables a user to display and interact with text images videos music games and other information typically located on a The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet protocols and network connectivity to securely share any part of an organization's information or operational It is also a computer software application that is coded in a browser-supported language (such as HTML, JavaScript, Java, etc. HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure JavaScript is a Scripting language most often used for Client-side web development ) and reliant on a common web browser to render the application executable. In Computing, an executable (file causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions," as opposed to a file that only contains

Web applications are popular due to the ubiquity of a client, sometimes called a thin client. A client is an application or system that accesses a remote service on another Computer system, known as a server, by way of a Network. A thin client (sometimes also called a lean or slim client) is a client computer or client software in Client-server architecture networks The ability to update and maintain Web applications without distributing and installing software on potentially thousands of client computers is a key reason for their popularity. Common Web applications include Webmail, online retail sales, online auctions, wikis, discussion boards, Weblogs, MMORPGs and many other functions. The online auction business model is one in which participants bid for products and services over the Internet. A wiki is a page or collection of Web pages designed to enable anyone who accesses it to contribute or modify content using a simplified Markup language. An, or message board, is a Bulletin board system in the form of a discussion site A blog (a contraction of the term " Web log " is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary descriptions of A massively multiplayer online role-playing game ( MMORPG) is a genre of Computer role-playing games (CRPGs in which a large number of players interact with

Contents

History

In earlier types of client-server computing, each application had its own client program which served as its user interface and had to be separately installed on each user's personal computer. The client-server Software architecture model distinguishes client systems from server systems which communicate over a Computer network The user interface (or Human Computer Interface) is the aggregate of means by which people&mdash the users '&mdash interact with the System A personal computer ( PC) is any Computer whose original sales price size and capabilities make it useful for individuals and which is intended to be operated An upgrade to the server part of the application would typically require an upgrade to the clients installed on each user workstation, adding to the support cost and decreasing productivity. Technical support (also tech support) is a range of services providing assistance with technology products such as mobile phones televisions Computers Productivity in Economics refers to measures of output from production processes per unit of input

In contrast, Web applications dynamically generate a series of Web documents in a standard format supported by common browsers such as HTML/XHTML. Web document is a similar concept to Web page, except it is a broader term with the HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure The Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, or XHTML, is a Client-side scripting in a standard language such as JavaScript is commonly included to add dynamic elements to the user interface. Client-side scripting generally refers to the class of Computer programs on the web that are executed Client-side, by the user's JavaScript is a Scripting language most often used for Client-side web development Generally, each individual Web page is delivered to the client as a static document, but the sequence of pages can provide an interactive experience, as user input is returned through Web form elements embedded in the page markup. During the session, the Web browser interprets and displays the pages, and acts as the universal client for any Web application.

Interface

Webconverger operating system provides an interface for web applications.
Webconverger operating system provides an interface for web applications. Webconverger is a Debian based Linux live operating system designed to be used solely for accessing Web applications. An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination

The Web interface places very few limits on client functionality. Through Java, JavaScript, DHTML, Flash and other technologies, application-specific methods such as drawing on the screen, playing audio, and access to the keyboard and mouse are all possible. Java refers to a number of Computer software products and specifications from Sun Microsystems that together provide a system for developing Application software JavaScript is a Scripting language most often used for Client-side web development Dynamic HTML, or DHTML, is a collection of technologies used together to create interactive and animated Web sites by using a combination of a static Markup Adobe Flash (previously called Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash) is a set of Multimedia software created by Macromedia and currently Many services have worked to combine all of these into a more familiar interface that adopts the appearance of an operating system. General purpose techniques such as drag and drop are also supported by these technologies. In Computer Graphical user interfaces drag-and-drop is the action of (or support for the action of Clicking on a virtual object and dragging it to a different Web developers often use client-side scripting to add functionality, especially to create an interactive experience that does not require page reloading (which many users find disruptive). Recently, technologies have been developed to coordinate client-side scripting with server-side technologies such as PHP. PHP is a computer Scripting language. Originally designed for producing Dynamic web pages it has evolved to include a Command line interface capability Ajax, a web development technique using a combination of various technologies, is an example of technology which creates a more interactive experience.

Technical considerations

A significant advantage of building Web applications to support standard browser features is that they should perform as specified regardless of the operating system or OS version installed on a given client. Rather than creating clients for MS Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux, and other operating systems, the application can be written once and deployed almost anywhere. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination However, inconsistent implementations of the HTML, CSS, DOM and other browser specifications can cause problems in web application development and support. HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure The Document Object Model ( DOM) is a platform- and language -independent standard Object model for representing HTML or XML and related Additionally, the ability of users to customize many of the display settings of their browser (such as selecting different font sizes, colors, and typefaces, or disabling scripting support) can interfere with consistent implementation of a Web application.

Another approach is to use Adobe Flash or Java applets to provide some or all of the user interface. Adobe Flash (previously called Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash) is a set of Multimedia software created by Macromedia and currently A Java applet is an Applet delivered in the form of Java bytecode. Since most Web browsers include support for these technologies (usually through plug-ins), Flash- or Java-based applications can be implemented with much of the same ease of deployment. Because they allow the programmer greater control over the interface, they bypass many browser-configuration issues, although incompatibilities between Java or Flash implementations on the client can introduce different complications. Because of their architectural similarities to traditional client-server applications, with a somewhat "thick" client, there is some dispute over whether to call systems of this sort "Web applications"; an alternative term is "Rich Internet Application" (RIA). Rich Internet applications (RIAs are Web applications that have the features and functionality of traditional desktop applications.

Structure

Though many variations are possible, a Web application is commonly structured as a three-tiered application. In Software engineering, multi-tier architecture (often referred to as n-tier architecture) is a Client-server architecture in which an application In its most common form, a Web browser is the first tier, an engine using some dynamic Web content technology (such as ASP, ASP.NET, CGI, ColdFusion, JSP/Java, PHP,embPerl, Python, or Ruby on Rails) is the middle tier, and a database is the third tier. Active Server Pages ( ASP) is Microsoft 's first server-side script engine for dynamically-generated web pages ASPNET is a Web application framework developed and marketed by Microsoft, that Programmers can use to build dynamic Web sites Web applications The Common Gateway Interface ( CGI) is a standard protocol for interfacing external Application software with an information server This article is about the computer programming language For the nuclear reactions see Cold fusion. The Java Servlet API allows a Software developer to add dynamic content to a Web server using the Java platform. PHP is a computer Scripting language. Originally designed for producing Dynamic web pages it has evolved to include a Command line interface capability Python is a general-purpose High-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes programmer productivity and code readability Ruby on Rails is an Open source Web application framework for the Ruby programming language. The Web browser sends requests to the middle tier, which services them by making queries and updates against the database and generates a user interface.

Business use

An emerging strategy for application software companies is to provide Web access to software previously distributed as local applications. Depending on the type of application, it may require the development of an entirely different browser-based interface, or merely adapting an existing application to use different presentation technology. These programs allow the user to pay a monthly or yearly fee for use of a software application without having to install it on a local hard drive. A company which follows this strategy is known as an application service provider (ASP), and ASPs are currently receiving much attention in the software industry. An application service provider (ASP is a business that provides computer-based services to customers over a network

Writing Web applications

There are many Web application frameworks which facilitate rapid application development by allowing the programmer to define a high-level description of the program. A web application framework is a Software framework that is designed to support the development of dynamic websites, Web applications and In addition, there is potential for the development of applications on Internet operating systems, although currently there are not many viable platforms that fit this model. "Online operating system" redirects here Refer here for the Web desktop.

The use of Web application frameworks can often reduce the number of errors in a program, both by making the code more simple, and by allowing one team to concentrate just on the framework. In applications which are exposed to constant hacking attempts on the Internet, security-related problems caused by errors in the program are a big issue. Frameworks may also promote the use of best practices such as GET after POST. Post/Redirect/Get (PRG is a common Design pattern for Web applications to help avoid duplicate form submissions and allow Web applications to behave

The Web Application Security Consortium (WASC) and OWASP are projects developed with the intention of documenting how to avoid security problems in Web applications. The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP is an open-source application security project A Web Application Security Scanner is specialized software for detecting security problems in web applications. A web Application security scanner is program which communicates with a web application through the web front-end in order to identify potential security weaknesses in the

Applications

Wikipedia application running in Mozilla Firefox.
Wikipedia application running in Mozilla Firefox. ***************************************************************************************** * * Application software is a subclass of Computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform

Browser applications typically include simple office software (word processors, spreadsheets, and presentation tools) and can also include more advanced application such as project management software, CAD Design Software, and point-of-sale applications.

Examples

Benefits

Browser Applications typically require little or no disk space, upgrade automatically with new features, integrate easily into other web procedures, such as email and searching. They also provide cross-platform compatibility (i. e Mac or Windows) because they operate within a web browser window.

Disadvantages

Standards compliance is an issue with any non-typical office document creator, which causes problems when file sharing and collaboration becomes critical. Also, Browser Applications rely on application files accessed on remote servers through the internet. Therefore, when connection is interrupted, the application is no longer usable. Google Gears is a beta platform to combat this issue and improve the usability of Browser Applications.

See also

References

External links

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