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"Warren Harding" redirects here. This article is about the American politician; for the American rock climber, see Warren Harding (climber). Warren Harding ( June 18, 1924 &ndash February 27, 2002) was one of the most accomplished and influential American rock climbers
Warren Gamaliel Harding
Warren G. Harding
In office
March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923
Vice President Calvin Coolidge (1921-1923)
Preceded by Woodrow Wilson
Succeeded by Calvin Coolidge
In office
January 4, 1915 – March 4, 1921
Preceded by Theodore E. Burton
Succeeded by Frank B. Willis
In office
January 11, 1904 – January 8, 1906
Governor Myron T. Herrick
Preceded by Harry L. Gordon
Succeeded by Andrew L. Harris
In office
1899 – 1903
Born November 2, 1865(1865-11-02)
Near Blooming Groove, Ohio
Died August 2, 1923 (aged 57)
San Francisco, California
Nationality American
Political party Republican
Spouse Florence Kling Harding
Alma mater Ohio Central College
Occupation Businessman (Newspapers)
Religion Baptist
Signature Warren G. Harding's signature

Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was an American politician, and the twenty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1921 to 1923, his term ending as he died from a heart attack at age 57. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Theodore Elijah Burton ( December 20, 1851 &ndash October 28, 1929) was a Republican politician from Ohio. Frank Bartlett Willis ( December 28, 1871 - March 30, 1928) was a Republican politician from Ohio. The position of lieutenant governor of Ohio was established in 1852 Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Myron Timothy Herrick ( October 9, 1854 March 31, 1929) was a Republican politician from Ohio. Harry L Gordon was an American politician who served as Lieutenant Governor of Ohio from 1902 to 1904 Andrew Lintner Harris (also known as The Farmer-Statesman) (November 17 1835 September 13 1915 was one of the heroes of the Battle of Gettysburg and the last The Ohio Senate is the upper house in Ohio 's Bicameral Legislature, the Ohio General Assembly; the lower house is the Ohio House of Representatives Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Blooming Grove is an unincorporated village in northeastern North Bloomfield Township, Morrow County, Ohio, United States. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Florence Mabel "Flossie" Kling deWolfe Harding ( August 15 1860 &ndash November 21 1924) wife of Warren G Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval Ohio Central College was a college located in Iberia Ohio (located fifty miles north of Columbus Ohio) in northwestern Morrow County Ohio during the A businessperson (also businessman or businesswoman) is someone who is employed at usually a profit-oriented enterprise, or more specifically someone A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Baptist is a term describing individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by A Republican from Ohio, Harding was an influential newspaper publisher. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. He served in the Ohio Senate (1899–1903) and later as Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (1903–1905) and as a U. The Ohio Senate is the upper house in Ohio 's Bicameral Legislature, the Ohio General Assembly; the lower house is the Ohio House of Representatives A Lieutenant Governor is a high officer of state whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction S. Senator (1915–1921).

His political leanings were conservative, which enabled him to become the compromise choice at the 1920 Republican National Convention. Conservatism in the United States includes a variety of political ideologies including Fiscal conservatism, Supply-side economics, Social conservatism The 1920 National Convention of the Republican Party of the United States nominated Ohio Senator Warren G During his presidential campaign, held in the aftermath of World War I, he promised a return to "normalcy"; and, in the 1920 election, he defeated his Democratic opponent, fellow Ohioan James M. Cox, by a landslide—60. The fighting in World War I ended when an Armistice took effect at 1100 am GMT on November 11 1918 "A return to normalcy " was US Presidential candidate Warren Harding ’s campaign promise in the Election of 1920. The United States presidential election of 1920 was dominated by the Aftermath of World War I and the hostile reaction to Woodrow Wilson, the Democratic president The History of the United States Democratic Party is an account of the oldest Political party in the United States and arguably TalkDemocratic James Middleton Cox ( March 31, 1870 July 15, 1957) was a Governor of Ohio, U 36% to 34. 19%.

Harding headed a cabinet of notable men such as Charles Evans Hughes, Andrew Mellon, Herbert Hoover and Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall, who was jailed for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal. The United States Cabinet (usually simplified as "the Cabinet" is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the Executive branch of the Federal government Charles Evans Hughes Sr ( April 11, 1862 – August 27, 1948) was a Lawyer and Republican politician from the State Andrew William Mellon ( March 24 1855 &mdash August 27 1937) was an American banker industrialist philanthropist art collector Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 Albert Bacon Fall (November 26 1861 &ndash November 30 1944 was a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under Teapot Dome scandal refers to a Bribery scandal of the White House administration of United States President Warren G In foreign affairs, Harding signed peace treaties that built on the Treaty of Versailles (which formally ended World War I). The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All He also led the way to world Naval disarmament at the Washington Naval Conference of 1921–22. The Washington Naval Conference was a military conference called by the administration of President Warren G

By many, Harding is ranked as one of the least successful U.S. Presidents, despite having been immensely popular while in office. In Political science, historical rankings of United States Presidents are surveys conducted in order to construct rankings of the success of individuals who have served

Contents

Early life

Warren Gamaliel Harding was born November 2, 1865, near Marion, Ohio (in a town now called Blooming Grove, Ohio). Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Blooming Grove is an unincorporated village in northeastern North Bloomfield Township, Morrow County, Ohio, United States. [1] Harding was the eldest of eight children born to Dr. George Tryon Harding, Sr. and Phoebe Elizabeth (Dickerson) Harding. His mother was a midwife and later obtained her medical license, and his father taught at a rural school north of Mount Gilead, Ohio. Midwifery is a Health care profession where providers give Prenatal care to expecting Mothers attend the birth of the Infant In most countries only persons with a medical license bestowed either by a specified government-approved Professional association or a Government agency are authorized Rural areas can be large and isolated (also referred to as "the country" and/or "the countryside over the course of time Mount Gilead is a village in Morrow County, Ohio, United States. One of Harding's great grandparents may have been African American. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa [2] When Harding was a teenager, the family moved to Caledonia, Ohio in neighboring Marion County, when Harding's father acquired The Argus, a local weekly newspaper there. Caledonia is a village in Marion County, Ohio, United States. Marion County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. It was at The Argus that Harding learned the basics of the journalism business. He continued studying the printing and newspaper trade as a college student at Ohio Central College in Iberia, Ohio, during which time he also worked at the Union Register in Mount Gilead. Ohio Central College was a college located in Iberia Ohio (located fifty miles north of Columbus Ohio) in northwestern Morrow County Ohio during the Iberia is an unincorporated village in western Washington Township, Morrow County, Ohio, United States.

After graduating, Harding moved to Marion, Ohio, where he and two friends raised $300 with which to purchase the failing Marion Daily Star, the weakest of the growing city's three newspapers. Marion is a city in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Marion County. The Marion Star (formerly known as The Marion Daily Star) is a newspaper in Marion Ohio, originally owned and published by Warren Harding revamped the paper's editorial platform to support the Republican Party, and enjoyed a moderate degree of success. However, his political stance put him at odds with those who controlled Marion's local politics. Thus when Harding moved to unseat the Marion Independent as the official paper of daily record, he met with vocal resistance from local figures, such as Amos Hall Kling, one of Marion's wealthiest real estate speculators.

Warren and Florence Harding pose in their garden.
Warren and Florence Harding pose in their garden.

While Harding won the war of words and made the Marion Daily Star one of the most popular newspapers in the county, the battle took a toll on his health. The Marion Star (formerly known as The Marion Daily Star) is a newspaper in Marion Ohio, originally owned and published by Warren In 1889, when Harding was 24, he suffered from exhaustion and nervous fatigue. He spent several weeks at the Battle Creek Sanitarium to regain his strength, ultimately making five visits over fourteen years. The Battle Creek Sanitarium, in Battle Creek, Michigan, United States, first opened on September 5, 1866 as the Western Health [3] Harding later returned to Marion to continue operating the paper. He spent his days boosting the community on the editorial pages, and his evenings "bloviating" (Harding's term for "informally conversing") with his friends over games of poker. Poker is a type of Card game in which players bet on the value of the card combination (" hand " in their possession by placing a bet into

On July 8, 1891, Harding married Florence Kling, the daughter of his nemesis, Amos Hall Kling. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Florence Mabel "Flossie" Kling deWolfe Harding ( August 15 1860 &ndash November 21 1924) wife of Warren G Florence Kling was a divorcée, five years Harding's senior, and the mother of a young son, Marshall Eugene DeWolfe. Divorcée, or Divorcee, refers to a woman whose marriage ended in Divorce, a legal dissolution of marriage before death of either spouse She had pursued Harding persistently, until he reluctantly proposed. Florence's father was furious with his daughter's decision to marry Harding, forbidding his wife from attending the wedding and not speaking to his daughter or son-in-law for eight years.

The couple complemented one another, with Harding's affable personality balancing his wife's no-nonsense approach to life. Florence Harding, exhibiting her father's determination and business sense, turned the Marion Daily Star into a profitable business. She has been credited with helping Harding achieve more than he might have alone; some have speculated that she later pushed him all the way to the White House. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence

Harding was a Freemason, raised to the Sublime Degree of a Master Mason on August 27, 1920, in Marion Lodge #70, F. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar & A. M. , in Marion, Ohio.

Political career

As an influential newspaper publisher with a flair for public speaking, Harding was elected to the Ohio State Senate in 1899. Public speaking is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured deliberate manner intended to inform influence or entertain the listeners The Ohio Senate is the upper house in Ohio 's Bicameral Legislature, the Ohio General Assembly; the lower house is the Ohio House of Representatives He served four years before being elected Lieutenant Governor of Ohio, a post he occupied from 1903 to 1905. The position of lieutenant governor of Ohio was established in 1852 His leanings were conservative, and his record in both offices was relatively undistinguished. He received the Republican nomination for Governor of Ohio in 1910, but lost to incumbent Judson Harmon. Governors Initially after the American Revolution, parts of the area now known as Ohio were claimed by New York, Virginia, and Connecticut Judson Harmon ( February 3, 1846 February 22, 1927) was a Democratic politician from Ohio.

U. S. Senator

In 1912, Harding gave the nominating speech for incumbent President William Howard Taft at the Republican National Convention [4] and in 1914 he was elected to the United States Senate. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by William Howard Taft (September 15 1857 – March 8 1930 was an American politician, the twenty-seventh President of the United States, the tenth Chief Justice The 1912 National Convention of the Republican Party of the United States was held at the Chicago Coliseum, Chicago Illinois, from June An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives He served in the Senate from 1915 until his inauguration as President on March 4, 1921, becoming the first sitting Senator to be elected President of the United States. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by

In his book, Blink, Malcolm Gladwell became the latest of a long string of political pundits and ordinary voters who felt that Warren Harding's electoral success was based on his appearance, essentially that he "looked like a president". Blink The Power of Thinking Without Thinking is a 2005 book by Malcolm Gladwell, in which he explores the power of the trained mind to make split second Malcolm Gladwell (born September 3, 1963) is a United Kingdom -born Canadian -raised Journalist and author now based in New York City Gladwell argues that people's first impression of Harding tended to be so highly favorable that it gave them a fixed and very high opinion of Harding, which could not be shaken unless his intellectual and other deficiencies became glaring. Gladwell even refers to the flawed process by which people make decisions as 'Warren Harding Error. '

Election of 1920

Main article: United States presidential election, 1920

Relatively unknown outside his own state, Harding was a true "dark horse" candidate, winning the Republican Party nomination due to the political machinations of his friends after the nominating convention had become deadlocked. The United States presidential election of 1920 was dominated by the Aftermath of World War I and the hostile reaction to Woodrow Wilson, the Democratic president This article describes dark horse candidates For other uses see Dark Horse. A political machine is an unofficial system of a political organization based on Patronage, the Spoils system, "behind-the-scenes" control and longstanding Republican leaders met in a smoke-filled room at the Blackstone Hotel in Chicago to end the deadlock. In US political slang a smoke-filled room is a secret political gathering or decision-making process The Blackstone Hotel is located on the corner of Michigan Avenue and Balbo Street in the Michigan Boulevard Historic District in the Loop community Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Before receiving the nomination, he was asked whether there were any embarrassing episodes in his past that might be used against him. His formal education was limited, he had a longstanding affair with the wife of an old friend, and he was a social drinker in the time of Prohibition. Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, also known as Noble Experiment, refers to a Sumptuary law which prohibits Alcohol However, Harding answered "No" and the Party moved to nominate him, only to discover later his relationship with Carrie Fulton Phillips. Carrie Phillips (b Caroline Fulton on September 22 1873, near Bucyrus Ohio - d

In the 1920 election, Harding ran against Democratic Ohio Governor James M. Cox, whose running-mate was Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt. The United States presidential election of 1920 was dominated by the Aftermath of World War I and the hostile reaction to Woodrow Wilson, the Democratic president Governors Initially after the American Revolution, parts of the area now known as Ohio were claimed by New York, Virginia, and Connecticut James Middleton Cox ( March 31, 1870 July 15, 1957) was a Governor of Ohio, U Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( ASN) is the title given to certain senior officials in the United States Department of the Navy. The election was seen in part as a referendum on whether to continue with the "progressive" work of the Woodrow Wilson Administration or to revert to the "laissez-faire" approach of the William McKinley era. The Progressive Era in the United States was a period of reform which lasted from the 1890s to the 1920s Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. Laissez-faire ( pronunciation: French,; English,) is a French phrase literally meaning Let do (“allow to do” William McKinley Jr ( January 29, 1843 September 14, 1901) was the twenty-fifth President of the United States, and the last

Harding ran on a promise to "Return to Normalcy", a seldom-used term he popularized. "A return to normalcy " was US Presidential candidate Warren Harding ’s campaign promise in the Election of 1920. The slogan called an end to the abnormal era of the Great War, along with a call to reflect three trends of his time: a renewed isolationism in reaction to the War, a resurgence of nativism, and a turning away from the government activism of the reform era. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Isolationism is a Foreign policy which combines a non-interventionist military policy and a political policy of Economic nationalism ( Protectionism Nativism is an Opposition to immigration which originated in United States politics with roots in the country's historic role as a Melting pot.

Harding's "front porch campaign" during the late summer and fall of 1920 captured the imagination of the country. Not only was it the first campaign to be heavily covered by the press and to receive widespread newsreel coverage, but it was also the first modern campaign to use the power of Hollywood and Broadway stars, who traveled to Marion for photo opportunities with Harding and his wife. United States cinema has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located Al Jolson, Lillian Russell, Douglas Fairbanks, and Mary Pickford were among the conservative-minded luminaries to make the pilgrimage to central Ohio. Al Jolson (May 26 1886 October 23 1950 born in Lithuania, Russian Empire, was a highly acclaimed American singer comedian and actor and the first openly Lillian Russell ( December 4[[ 860]] &ndash June 6 1922) was an American actress and Singer. Douglas Fairbanks ( May 23 1883 – December 12 1939) was an American Actor, Screenwriter, director Mary Pickford ( April 8, 1892 – May 29, 1979) was an Academy Award -winning Canadian motion picture Business icons Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Harvey Firestone also lent their cachet to the campaign. Henry Ford ( July 30, 1863 &ndash April 7, 1947) was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of Harvey Samuel Firestone ( December 20 1868 &ndash February 7, 1938) was the founder of the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company, From the onset of the campaign until the November election, over 600,000 people traveled to Marion to participate.

The campaign owed a great deal to Florence Harding, who played perhaps a more active role than any previous candidate's wife in a presidential race. Florence Mabel "Flossie" Kling deWolfe Harding ( August 15 1860 &ndash November 21 1924) wife of Warren G She cultivated the relationship between the campaign and the press. As the business manager of the Star, she understood reporters and their industry and played to their needs by making herself freely available to answer questions, pose for pictures, or deliver food prepared in her kitchen to the press office, which was a bungalow she had constructed at the rear of their property in Marion. A bungalow (બંગલો baṅglo, बंगला baṅglā) is a type of single-storey House that originated in India. Mrs. Harding even went so far as to coach her husband on the proper way to wave to newsreel cameras to make the most of coverage.

The campaign also drew upon Harding's popularity with women. Considered handsome, Harding photographed well compared to Cox. However, it was Harding's support for women's suffrage in the Senate that made him popular with women: the ratification of the 19th Amendment in August 1920 brought huge crowds of women to Marion, Ohio to hear Harding. The Nineteenth Amendment ( Amendment XIX) to the United States Constitution prohibits each of the states and the federal government from Marion is a city in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Marion County. Immigrant groups who had made up an important part of the Democratic coalition such as the Germans and Irish also voted for Harding in the election in reaction to their perceived persecution by the Wilson administration during the war.

During the campaign, rumors spread that Harding's great-great-grandfather was a West Indian black and that other blacks might be found in his family tree. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting In response, Harding's campaign manager said, "No family in the state (of Ohio) has a clearer, a more honorable record than the Hardings, a blue-eyed stock from New England and Pennsylvania, the finest pioneer blood. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern "[5] The rumors, based perhaps on no more than local gossip, were circulated by William Estabrook Chancellor. William Estabrook Chancellor ( September 25, 1867 &ndash February 4, 1963) was an American academic and writer [6] The rumors may have been sustained by a statement Harding allegedly made to a reporter on the subject, perhaps meaning to be dismissive: "How do I know, Jim? One of my ancestors may have jumped the fence. "[7]

The election of 1920 was the first in which women could vote nationwide. It was also the first presidential election to be covered on the radio, thanks to the nation's first commercial radio station, KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Harding received 60% of the national vote and 404 electoral votes, an unprecedented margin of victory. The Electoral College consists of 538 popularly elected representatives who formally select the President and Vice President of the United States. Cox received 34% of the national vote and 127 electoral votes. Socialist Eugene V. Debs, campaigning from a federal prison, received 3% of the national vote. The Socialist Party of America (SPA was a socialist Political party in the United States. Eugene Victor Debs (November 5 1855 &ndash October 20 1926 was an American union leader one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial See also List of US state prisons, List of US military prisons This is a list of U Debs was in prison for opposing Wilson's draft; despite the many political differences between the two candidates, when Harding became President, he pardoned Debs. [8]

Presidency 1921–1923

Inauguration of Warren G. Harding, March 4, 1921.
Inauguration of Warren G. Harding, March 4, 1921. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar

The administration of Warren G. Harding followed the Republican platform approved at the 1920 Republican National Convention, which was held in Chicago. A party platform, also known as a Manifesto, is a list of the principles which a Political party supports in order to appeal to the general public for the purpose The 1920 National Convention of the Republican Party of the United States nominated Ohio Senator Warren G Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States.

Harding pushed for the establishment of the Bureau of Veterans Affairs (later organized as the Department of Veterans Affairs), the first permanent attempt at answering the needs of those who had served the nation in time of War. The United States Department of Veterans Affairs ( VA) is a government-run military Veteran benefit system with Cabinet -level status The United States Department of Veterans Affairs ( VA) is a government-run military Veteran benefit system with Cabinet -level status

President Harding (center) with Chief Justice William Howard Taft (left) and former Secretary of War Robert Todd Lincoln (right).
President Harding (center) with Chief Justice William Howard Taft (left) and former Secretary of War Robert Todd Lincoln (right). The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the judicial branch of the government of the United States, and presides over the U William Howard Taft (September 15 1857 – March 8 1930 was an American politician, the twenty-seventh President of the United States, the tenth Chief Justice The Secretary of War was a member of the United States President's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington 's administration Robert Todd Lincoln ( August 1, 1843 &ndash July 26, 1926) was an American lawyer and politician and the first son of President

In April 1921, speaking before a joint session of Congress he called for peacemaking with Germany and Austria, emergency tariffs, new immigration laws, regulation of radio] and trans cable communications retrenchment in government, tax reduction, repeal of wartime excess profits tax, reduction of railroad rates, promotion of agricultural interests, a national budget system, a great merchant marine and a department of public welfare. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich For other uses of this word see Tariff (disambiguation. A tariff is a tax imposed on goods when they are moved across a political boundary He also called for the abolition of lynching, but he did not want to make enemies in his own party and with the Democrats and did not fight for his program. Lynching is an Extrajudicial punishment meted out by a mob Lynching an enumerated Felony in some states in the United States, is defined by some A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral [9]

Harding addresses the House of Representatives, Coolidge and Gillett seated behind.
Harding addresses the House of Representatives, Coolidge and Gillett seated behind. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 Frederick Huntington Gillett ( October 16, 1851 &ndash July 31, 1935) was an American politician during the early 20th century

The Hardings visited their home community of Marion, Ohio once during the term when the city celebrated its Centennial during the first week of July. A century (from the Latin centum, meaning one hundred is One hundred consecutive Years Centuries are numbered ordinally (e The President arrived on July 3, gave a speech to the community at the Marion County Fairgrounds on July 4, and left the following morning for other speaking commitments. Events 324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples

Major events during presidency

Administration and cabinet

The Harding Cabinet
OFFICE NAME TERM
President Warren G. A peace treaty is an agreement between two hostile parties usually countries or governments that formally ends an armed conflict Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The United States Department of Veterans Affairs ( VA) is a government-run military Veteran benefit system with Cabinet -level status Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. The Battle of Matewan (also called the Matewan Massacre) was a Shootout in the coal company town of Matewan, West Virginia on May 19 The Washington Naval Conference was a military conference called by the administration of President Warren G The Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 (, enacted June 10[[ 921]] created the General Accounting Office, the non-partisan Audit, Evaluation The United States Revenue Act of 1921 (ch 136, November 23, 1921) was the first Republican tax reduction following their landslide victory in the The Fordney-McCumber Tariff (ch 356, September 21, 1922) reflected American Isolationist inclinations following World War I. Teapot Dome scandal refers to a Bribery scandal of the White House administration of United States President Warren G The National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPR-A is an area of land in the Alaska North Slope owned by the United States Federal Government. In most Common law jurisdictions the Attorney General, or Attorney-General, is the main legal advisor to the government and in some jurisdictions may in addition Eugene Victor Debs (November 5 1855 &ndash October 20 1926 was an American union leader one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial A political prisoner is someone held in Prison or otherwise detained perhaps under House arrest, for his or her involvement in political activity The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Harding 1921–1923
Vice President Calvin Coolidge 1921–1923
Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes 1921–1923
Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon 1921–1923
Secretary of War John W. Weeks 1921–1923
Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty 1921–1923
Postmaster General Will H. Hays 1921–1922
  Hubert Work 1922–1923
  Harry S. New 1923
Secretary of the Navy Edwin Denby 1921–1923
Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall 1921–1923
  Hubert Work 1923
Secretary of Agriculture Henry C. Wallace 1921–1923
Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover 1921–1923
Secretary of Labor James J. Davis 1921–1923


Supreme Court appointments

The Taft Court, 1925
The Taft Court, 1925

Harding appointed the following justices to the Supreme Court of the United States:

Administrative scandals

Upon winning the election, Harding appointed many of his old allies to prominent political positions. George Sutherland ( March 25, 1862 &ndash July 18, 1942) was an English -born U Pierce Butler ( March 17, 1866 &ndash November 16, 1939) was an American Jurist who served as an Associate Justice Edward Terry Sanford ( July 23, 1865 &ndash March 8, 1930) was an American Jurist who served on the United States Known as the "Ohio Gang" (a term used by Charles Mee, Jr. The Ohio Gang were a group of politicians and industry leaders who came to be associated with Warren G , in his book of the same name), some of the appointees used their new powers to rob the government. It is unclear how much, if anything, Harding himself knew about his friends' illicit activities.

The most infamous scandal of the time was the Teapot Dome affair, which shook the nation for years after Harding's death. Teapot Dome scandal refers to a Bribery scandal of the White House administration of United States President Warren G The scandal involved Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall, who was convicted of accepting bribes and illegal no-interest personal loans in exchange for the leasing of public oil fields to business associates. The United States Secretary of the Interior is the head of the United States Department of the Interior. Albert Bacon Fall (November 26 1861 &ndash November 30 1944 was a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under In Law, a conviction is the Verdict that results when a Court of law finds a Defendant guilty of a Crime. An oil field is a region with an abundance of Oil wells extracting Petroleum (crude oil from below ground (Absent the bribes and personal loans, the leases themselves were quite legal. ) In 1931, Fall became the first member of a Presidential Cabinet to be sent to prison. The United States Cabinet (usually simplified as "the Cabinet" is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the Executive branch of the Federal government A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of [10]

Thomas W. Miller, head of the Office of Alien Property, was convicted of accepting bribes. Thomas Woodnutt Miller ( June 26 1886 &ndash May 5 1973) was an American Businessman, Lawyer and Politician An Alien Property Custodian was an office within the Government of the United States during World War I and again during World War II. Jess Smith, personal aide to the Attorney General, destroyed papers and then committed suicide. In most Common law jurisdictions the Attorney General, or Attorney-General, is the main legal advisor to the government and in some jurisdictions may in addition Charles Forbes, Director of the Veterans Bureau, skimmed profits, earned large amounts of kickbacks, and directed underground alcohol and drug distribution. Charles Forbes may refer to Charles Morton Forbes, Admiral of the British Home Fleet and Royal Navy in World War II Charlie Forbes - Australian The United States Department of Veterans Affairs ( VA) is a government-run military Veteran benefit system with Cabinet -level status Political corruption is the use of governmental powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain He was convicted of fraud and bribery and drew a two-year sentence. In the broadest sense a fraud is a Deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual Bribery, a form of pecuniary corruption is an act usually implying money or gift given that alters the behaviour of the recipient in ways not consistent with the duties of that person In Law, a sentence forms the final act of a Judge -ruled process and also the symbolic principal act connected to his function Charles Cramer, an aide to Charles Forbes, committed suicide.

No evidence to date suggests that Harding personally profited from these crimes, but he was apparently unable to stop them. "I have no trouble with my enemies," Harding told journalist William Allen White late in his presidency, "but my damn friends, they're the ones that keep me walking the floor nights!"[11]

Historian Wyn Craig Wade, in his 1987 book The Fiery Cross, suggests that Harding had ties with the Ku Klux Klan, perhaps even having been inducted into the organization in a private White House ceremony. William Allen White (February 10 1868 &ndash January 31 1944 was a renowned American Newspaper editor, politician and author Ku Klux Klan ( KKK) is the name of several past and present secret domestic terrorist organizations in the United States, generally in the southern states that are Evidence includes the taped testimony of one of the members of the alleged induction team, however beyond that it is scant at best and the theory is generally discounted. [12]

Death

President Harding's casket passes by the front of the White House.
President Harding's casket passes by the front of the White House. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence
The Harding Memorial in Marion, Ohio is considered by many historians to be the most beautiful of Presidential Tombs in the United States.
The Harding Memorial in Marion, Ohio is considered by many historians to be the most beautiful of Presidential Tombs in the United States. The Harding Memorial is the burial location of President Warren G Marion is a city in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Marion County. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

In June 1923, Harding set out on a cross-country "Voyage of Understanding," planning to meet ordinary people and explain his policies. During this trip, he became the first president to visit Alaska. Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent [13] Rumors of corruption in his administration were beginning to circulate in Washington by this time, and Harding was profoundly shocked by a long message he received while in Alaska, apparently detailing illegal activities previously unknown to him. Political corruption is the use of governmental powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain At the end of July, while traveling south from Alaska through British Columbia, he developed what was thought to be a severe case of food poisoning. British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Foodborne illness (also foodborne disease) is any Illness resulting from the consumption of food He gave the final speech of his life to a large crowd at the University of Washington Stadium (now Husky Stadium) at the University of Washington campus in Seattle, Washington. Husky Stadium is an outdoor athletic Stadium on the campus of the University of Washington in Seattle Washington. See Washington (disambiguation for other uses The University of Washington, founded in 1861, is a public research University A scheduled speech in Portland, Oregon was canceled. Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers The President's train proceeded south to San Francisco. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Arriving at the Palace Hotel, he developed pneumonia. The current ("New" Palace Hotel (opened in 1909 is an historic Hotel located in San Francisco California, at the SW corner of Market Street Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the Lung. Frequently it is described as lung Parenchyma / alveolar inflammation and abnormal Harding died of either a heart attack or a stroke at 7:35 p. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain m. on August 2, 1923. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The formal announcement, printed in the New York Times of that day, stated that "A stroke of apoplexy was the cause of death. A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain " He had been ill exactly one week. [14]

Naval physicians surmised that he had suffered a heart attack; however, this diagnosis was not made by Dr. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply Diagnosis is the identification by Process of elimination, of the nature of anything Charles E. Sawyer, the Surgeon General, who was traveling with the presidential party. Dr Charles Elmer Sawyer, also known as Dr C E Sawyer ( January 24, 1860 &ndash September 23, 1924) was a Homeopathic Mrs. Harding refused permission for an autopsy, which soon led to speculation that the President had been the victim of a plot, possibly carried out by his wife. An autopsy, also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy, or obduction, is a Medical procedure that consists of a thorough Examination Gaston B. Means, an amateur historian and gadfly, noted in his book The Strange Death of President Harding (1930) that the circumstances surrounding his death lent themselves to some suspecting he had been poisoned. Gaston Bullock Means (1879 Concord North Carolina – 1938 Leavenworth Kansas) was an American Private detective, bootlegger and Con " Gadfly " is a term for people who upset the Status quo by posing upsetting or novel questions or attempt to stimulate innovation by proving an irritant Several individuals attached to him, personally, and politically, would have welcomed Harding's death, as they would have been disgraced in association by Means' assertion of Harding's "imminent impeachment". Although Means was later discredited for publicly accusing Mrs. Harding of the murder, enough doubts surround the President's death to keep reputable scholars open to the possibility of murder.

Harding was succeeded by Vice President Calvin Coolidge, who was sworn in by his father, a Justice of the Peace, in Plymouth Notch, Vermont. The Vice President of the United States is the first person in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of the United States upon the death John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 A Justice of the Peace ( JP) is a Puisne Judicial officer appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace Plymouth Notch is a small unincorporated village in the town of Plymouth, Windsor County, Vermont, United States. Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America.

Following his death, Harding's body was returned to Washington, where it was placed in the East Room of the White House pending a state funeral at the United States Capitol. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony held to honour Heads of state or other important people of national significance White House employees at the time were quoted as saying that the night before the funeral, they heard Mrs. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence Harding speak for more than an hour to her dead husband.

Harding was entombed in the receiving vault of the Marion Cemetery, Marion, Ohio, in August 1923. Following Mrs. Harding's death on November 21, 1924, she too was temporarily buried next to her husband. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Both bodies were moved in December 1927 to the newly completed Harding Memorial in Marion, which was dedicated by President Herbert Hoover in 1931. The Harding Memorial is the burial location of President Warren G Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 The lapse between the final interment and the dedication was partly because of the aftermath of the Teapot Dome scandal. Teapot Dome scandal refers to a Bribery scandal of the White House administration of United States President Warren G

At the time of his death, Harding was also survived by his father. Harding and John F. Kennedy are the only two presidents to have predeceased their fathers. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of They are also the only two presidents to have been elected while serving as senators. [15]

Personal scandals and allegations

The extent to which Harding engaged in extramarital affairs is somewhat controversial. It has been recorded in primary documents that Harding had an affair with Carrie Fulton Phillips; Nan Britton wrote The President's Daughter in 1927, documenting her affair and the alleged child (Elizabeth Ann) with Harding. Carrie Phillips (b Caroline Fulton on September 22 1873, near Bucyrus Ohio - d Nan P "Nanny" Britton ( November 9 1896 - March 21 1991) was a figure associated with the Presidency of Warren G

Rumors of the Harding love letters circulated through Marion, Ohio, for many years. However, their existence was not confirmed until 1968, when author Francis Russell gained access to them during his research for his book, The Shadow of Blooming Grove. Francis Russell may refer to Francis Russell (author Francis Russell 2nd Earl of Bedford Francis Russell 4th Earl of Bedford The letters were in the possession of Phillips. Phillips kept the letters in a box in a closet and was reluctant to share them. Russell persuaded her to relent, and the letters showed conclusively that Harding had a 15-year relationship with Mrs. Phillips, who was then the wife of his friend James Phillips, owner of the local department store, the Uhler-Phillips Company. A department store is a Retail establishment which specializes in selling a wide range of products without a single predominant merchandise line. Mrs. Phillips was almost eight years younger than Harding. By 1915, she began pressing Harding to leave his wife. When he refused, she left her husband and moved to Berlin with her daughter Isabel. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. However, as the United States became increasingly likely to be drawn into World War I, Mrs. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Phillips moved back to the U. S. and the affair reignited. Harding was now a U. S. Senator, and a vote was coming up on a declaration of war against Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.

Mrs. Phillips threatened to go public with their affair if the Senator supported the war, but Harding defied her and voted for war, and Phillips did not reveal the scandal to the world. When Harding won the Republican Presidential nomination in 1920, he did not disclose the relationship to party officials. Once they learned of the affair, it was too late to find another nominee. To reduce the likelihood of a scandal breaking, the Republican National Committee sent Phillips and her family on a trip to Japan and paid them over $50,000. The Republican National Committee (RNC provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. She also received monthly payments thereafter, becoming the first and only person known to have successfully extorted money from a major political party. Extortion, outwresting, or exaction is a criminal offense, which occurs when a person Unlawfully obtains either money property or services A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral

The letters Harding wrote to Mrs. Phillips were confiscated at the request of the Harding heirs, who requested and received a court injunction prohibiting their inclusion in Russell's book. An injunction is an Equitable remedy in the form of a Court order, whereby a party is required to do or interact with in certain ways all right or to refrain from Russell in turn left quoted passages from the letters as blank passages in protest against the Harding heirs' actions. The Harding-Phillips love letters remain under an Ohio court protective order that expires in 2023, 100 years after Harding's death, after which the content of the letters may be published or reviewed.

Warren Gamaliel Harding.
Warren Gamaliel Harding.

Besides Mrs. Phillips, Harding also reportedly had an affair with Nan Britton, the daughter of Harding's friend Dr. Britton of Marion. Britton's claim that he had fathered her child was widely circulated in the years just after Harding's death, and it is often cited as one of the best-known "facts" about Harding, but it has not been proven to the satisfaction of most historians.

Nan Britton's obsession with Harding started at an early age when she began pasting pictures of Senator Harding on her bedroom walls. According to Britton's book The President's Daughter, she and Senator Harding conceived a daughter, Elizabeth Ann, in January of 1919, in his Senate office. Elizabeth Ann Britton Harding Blaesing ( 22 October 1919 - 17 November 2005) was the alleged illegitimate daughter of Warren G Elizabeth Ann was born on October 22, 1919. Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Harding never met Elizabeth Ann but paid large amounts of child support. In family law and government policy child support or child maintenance is the ongoing obligation for a periodic payment made directly or indirectly by a non-custodial parent Harding and Britton, according to unsubstantiated reports, continued their affair while he was President, using a closet adjacent to the Oval Office for privacy. | |-| |-| |- | |-| |-| |-| |-| |} The Oval Office is the official office of the President of the United States. Following Harding's death, Britton unsuccessfully sued the estate of Warren G. Harding on behalf of Elizabeth Ann. Under cross-examination by Harding heirs' attorney, Grant Mouser (a former member of Congress himself), Britton's testimony was riddled with inconsistencies, and she lost her case. See Structure of policy debate for cross-examination in Policy debate. Britton married a Mr. Christian, who adopted Elizabeth Ann. In adulthood, Elizabeth Ann married Henry Blaesing and raised a family. For the 2008 British film by Noel Clarke see Adulthood (film. During most of her life she shied from press coverage about her alleged birthright, and refused requests for interviews in her later years. She died on November 17, 2005, in Oregon. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

Speaking style

Although a commanding and powerful speaker, Harding was notorious for his verbal gaffes, such as his comment "I would like the government to do all it can to mitigate, then, in understanding, in mutuality of interest, in concern for the common good, our tasks will be solved. "[16] His errors were compounded by his insistence on writing his own speeches. Although it might not have been a mispronunciation as some thought, Harding's most famous "mistake" was his use of the word "normalcy" when the more correct word to use at the time would have been "normality. " Harding decided he liked the sound of the word and made "Return to Normalcy" a recurring theme. Critic H.L. Mencken disagreed, saying of Harding, "He writes the worst English that I have ever encountered. It reminds me of a string of wet sponges; it reminds me of tattered washing on the line; it reminds me of stale bean soup, of college yells, of dogs barking idiotically through endless nights. It is so bad that a sort of grandeur creeps into it. It drags itself out of the dark abysm of pish, and crawls insanely up the topmost pinnacle of posh. It is rumble and bumble. It is flap and doodle. It is balder and dash. " Mencken also coined the term "Gamalielese" to refer to Harding's distinctive style of speech, a mocking reference to Harding's middle name rather than a reference to any of the Biblical characters named Gamaliel. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin [17]

Memorials

A statue honoring Harding on a speech he delivered on relations between the United States and Canada in Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
A statue honoring Harding on a speech he delivered on relations between the United States and Canada in Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Stanley Park is a 4049 hectare (1000 acre Urban park bordering downtown Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

Sources

See also

External links

Notes

  1. ^ The Biography of Warren. G. Harding
  2. ^ Our First Black President? from the New York Times
  3. ^ Knott, Bill (2006-01-26). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. The Nearly Adventist President. Adventist Review. Seventh-day Adventist Church. The Seventh-day Adventist (abbreviated " Adventist " Church is a Christian denomination which is distinguished mainly by its observance Retrieved on 2007-11-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events
  4. ^ Warren G. Harding bio from White House
  5. ^ Russell, Francis (1968). The Shadow of Blooming Grove: Warren G. Harding and His Times. New York: McGraw-Hill, 39-40, 403-405. ISBN 0070543380.  
  6. ^ Russell, Francis (1968). The Shadow of Blooming Grove: Warren G. Harding and His Times. New York: McGraw-Hill, 39-40, 403-405. ISBN 0070543380.  
  7. ^ Adams, Samuel Hopkins (1939). Incredible Era: The Life and Times of Warren Gamaliel Harding. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 280.  
  8. ^ "Eugene V. Debs", Time (magazine), Monday, November 1, 1926. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-08-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan.  "He was Eugene Victor Debs, labor leader. He was in jail for the violation of an injunction. Back of this event was the story of an Indiana grocery clerk, a locomotive fireman, who became the organizer of the American Railway Union, who twice made the nation feel the fist of unionized labor. The second time was the great strike against the Pullman Co. in 1894 when President Cleveland had to dispatch troops to Chicago to quell the riotous bloodshed. Eugene Debs and three others, indicted for conspiracy against the Government, were successfully defended by Clarence S. Darrow. " 
  9. ^ Murray (1969)
  10. ^ Hakim, Joy (1995). War, Peace, and All That Jazz. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 37-40. ISBN 0-19-509514-6.  
  11. ^ (2001) American Decades 6. The Gale Group. Retrieved on 2008-05-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed  
  12. ^ Straight Dope Staff Report: Was Warren Harding inducted into the Ku Klux Klan while president?
  13. ^ President Harding's 1923 Visit to Utah by W. Paul Reeve History Blazer July 1995
  14. ^ "Harding a Farm Boy Who Rose by Work", New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-07-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World  "Nominated for the Presidency as a compromise candidate and elected by a tremendous majority because of a reaction against the policies of his predecessor, Warren Gamaliel Harding, twenty-ninth President of the United States, owed his political elevation largely to his engaging personal traits, his ability to work in harmony with the leaders of his party and the fact that he typified in himself the average prosperous American citizen. " 
  15. ^ Chan, Sewell; and Richard Pérez-Peña. "If Clinton Should Win, Who Would Take Her Place?", The New York Times, 2007-01-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi  
  16. ^ Stephen Pile, The Book of Heroic Failures (Futura, 1980) p. The Book of Heroic Failures, written by Stephen Pile in 1979, is a book written in celebration of human inadequacy in all its forms 180.
  17. ^ Gamaliel and Gamalielese, October 18, 2006. </REF Upon Harding's death, poet E. E. Cummings said "The only man, woman or child who wrote a simple declarative sentence with seven grammatical errors is dead. Edward Estlin Cummings (October 14 1894 &ndash September 3 1962 popularly known as E "<ref></ref> Some suggest Harding had a form of aphasia. <ref>[http://www. doctorzebra. com/prez/g29. htm#5 President Warren Harding: Health and Medical History]</li></ol></ref>
Political offices
Preceded by
Harry L. Gordon		 Lieutenant Governor of Ohio
1904 – 1906		 Succeeded by
Andrew L. Harris
Preceded by
Woodrow Wilson		 President of the United States
March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923		 Succeeded by
Calvin Coolidge
United States Senate
Preceded by
Theodore E. Burton		 Senator from Ohio (Class 3)
1915 – 1921
Served alongside: Atlee Pomerene		 Succeeded by
Frank B. Willis
Party political offices
Preceded by
Charles Evans Hughes		 Republican Party presidential candidate
1920		 Succeeded by
Calvin Coolidge


Persondata
NAME Harding, Warren Gamaliel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION American politician, businessman
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Near Blooming Groove, Ohio
DATE OF DEATH August 2, 1923
PLACE OF DEATH San Francisco, California, United States
Harry L Gordon was an American politician who served as Lieutenant Governor of Ohio from 1902 to 1904 The position of lieutenant governor of Ohio was established in 1852 Andrew Lintner Harris (also known as The Farmer-Statesman) (November 17 1835 September 13 1915 was one of the heroes of the Battle of Gettysburg and the last Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Theodore Elijah Burton ( December 20, 1851 &ndash October 28, 1929) was a Republican politician from Ohio. The state of Ohio was admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803. Atlee Pomerene ( December 6, 1863 in Berlin Holmes County Ohio - November 12, 1937) was a Democratic Party Politician Frank Bartlett Willis ( December 28, 1871 - March 30, 1928) was a Republican politician from Ohio. Charles Evans Hughes Sr ( April 11, 1862 – August 27, 1948) was a Lawyer and Republican politician from the State This is a list of the candidates for the offices of President of the United States and Vice President of the United States of the Republican Party of the The United States presidential election of 1920 was dominated by the Aftermath of World War I and the hostile reaction to Woodrow Wilson, the Democratic president John Calvin Coolidge Jr (July 4 1872 January 5 1933 was the thirtieth President of the United States (1923–1929 Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Blooming Grove is an unincorporated village in northeastern North Bloomfield Township, Morrow County, Ohio, United States. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
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