Waltham St Lawrence is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Berkshire. A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a Town or City. A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South
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Location and amenities
Waltham St Lawrence is located in a rural setting in East Berkshire, south of the A4 trunk road and north of the M4 motorway, between Maidenhead and Reading. Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South The M4 motorway is a Motorway in Great Britain linking London with Wales. Maidenhead is a town within the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead, in Berkshire, England. Reading (ˈrɛdɪŋ as Redding) is a town in England, located at the confluence of the River Thames and River Kennet, midway between The parish is bordered by those of Twyford and Hurst to the west and White Waltham and Maidenhead to the east. For other places of the same name see Twyford. Twyford is a large village and Civil parish in the English Hurst is a Village in the English county of Berkshire. It constitutes a Civil parish, known officially as St Nicholas Hurst. White Waltham is a Village and Civil parish, two miles west of Maidenhead, in the English county of Berkshire. The population is around 1000 adults with an all-ages estimate of 1,500 living in approximately 550 households.
Residents are mainly employed in local towns such as Reading or Bracknell, although a significant number also commute to London. Bracknell is a town in the Bracknell Forest borough of Berkshire, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Waltham St Lawrence has its own village shop (with part-time post office) and two public houses, while Shurlock Row, in the parish, possesses two public houses and a renowned butcher. A post office is a facility authorized by a Postal system for the posting receipt sorting handling transmission or delivery of Mail. West End, between the two villages, is a residential area where the local village school is located.
Transport
The nearest rail stations are at Twyford (4 miles), Maidenhead (6 miles), Wokingham (6 miles) and Bracknell (7 miles). Twyford railway station is a railway station in the village of Twyford in the county of Berkshire in England. Maidenhead railway station is a railway station in the town of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. Bracknell railway station is a Railway station serving the town of Bracknell in Berkshire, England. There is a local bus service to Maidenhead and Bracknell.
History
The name 'Waltham' is believed to be derived from the Anglo-Saxon words Wealt and Ham, meaning 'dilapidated homes'. [1] The church is called St. Lawrence and thus gives the village its name. There is evidence of the existence of a Roman temple in Weycock Field in the parish. Fanum At the temples Romans prayed and made Ritual Worship Offerings of a small gift or Animal sacrifices to their Roman The word Weycock is thought to be a corruption of the Saxon word, Vic-cope, meaning 'the road on the hill'. Most of the coins found from the site are of the lower empire (except for a silver one of Amyntas, the grandfather of Alexander the Great) and the area was occupied until AD 270. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ'
The high-road to London formerly left the London to Reading main-road at the 29th milestone and ran across Weycock Field (often referred to as Weycock Highrood) entering the village by an ancient gate, part of which survives, having been incorporated into the Bell Inn. The Priory of Hurley maintained a grange in the village on the site of what is now Church Farm (to the north-west of the present Church) and this is why the great tithes of the parish were formerly appropriated to the Prior of Hurley. Hurley is a Village and Civil parish in the English county of Berkshire. A monastic grange was a manor or other centre of a farming estate belonging to a Monastery and used for food production in France, Great Britain A tithe (from Old English teogoþa "tenth" is a one-tenth part of something paid as a (usually voluntary contribution or as a Tax or levy Prior is a Title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier first' with several notable uses
Until quite recent times a large lake separated Waltham St. Lawrence from Ruscombe (the name 'Stanlake' would seem to be a survival of this) and so the southern end of the parish was known as South Lake. The Normans, who became possessed of the manor after the Conquest, gave the name of 'Sud-Lac Rue' to the area which later became known as Shurlock Row. The Anglo-Normans were mainly the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William of Normandy in 1066, although The parish church was built where the ancient high-road entered the village. Position in the Church of England In England, there are parish churches for both the Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church.
The manor is mentioned as early as AD 940 but its continuous appearance in historical records may be said to begin with its sale by Ethelred the Unready in 1006. Ethelred II ( c. 968 – 23 April 1016 also known as Æthelred II, Aethelred II, Ethelred the Unready, Æthelred the Unready His widow, Queen Emma, bestowed it upon Ælfwine, the Bishop of Winchester. Emma (c 985&ndash March 6, 1052 in Winchester, Hampshire) was daughter of Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy, by Ælfwine was a medieval Bishop of Winchester. He was consecrated in 1032 See also List of bishops of Winchester The Bishop of Winchester is the head of the Church of England The Domesday Book records: "The King holds Waltham in demesne" and it remained a royal manor until 1189 when Godfrey de Lucy, Bishop of Winchester, purchased it from the Crown. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey Godfrey de Lucy (sometimes Godfrey de Luci) was a medieval Bishop of Winchester. It was retained by the bishops of Winchester until the Reformation. The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England first broke away from the authority of the Pope
Bishop Ponet of Winchester surrendered the manor of Waltham to King Edward VI in 1551, and the King donated it to Sir Henry Neville, one of the gentlemen of his Privy chamber, but Queen Mary returned it to Bishop John White of Winchester. John Ponet (c 1514 &ndash August 1556 was the Bishop of Winchester, also Bishop of Rochester and a controversial Protestant religious leader Winchester or Winton ( archaic) is a historic city in southern England, with a population of around 40000 within a radius of its centre Edward VI (12 October 1537 &ndash 6 July 1553 became King of England and Ireland on 28 January 1547 and was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine Sir Henry Neville (c1520-1593 was Gentleman of the Privy chamber to King Edward VI Family background Sir Henry Neville's father was Sir Edward Neville The Privy Chamber is part of the Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, where the Sultans have used as office and also kept the Sacred Trusts. Mary I (18 February 1516 &ndash 17 November 1558 was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death King Edward's grant was confirmed (and Queen Mary’s annulled) by an Act of Parliament in the first year of Queen Elizabeth I. An Act of Parliament is a Law enacted as Primary legislation by a national or sub-national Parliament. Billingbear House was built by Sir Henry Neville in 1567, and this Elizabethan mansion existed as the home of the Nevilles until it was pulled down after a fire in the early 20th century. Billingbear House was situated in the Parish of Waltham St Lawrence in Berkshire, England, about six miles from Windsor. Elizabethan architecture is the term given to early Renaissance architecture in England, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. A mansion is a large dwelling House. The word itself derives (through Old French) from the Latin word mansus (the perfect passive participle The twentieth century of the Common Era began on His son was the early 17th century diplomat, Sir Henry Neville Junior. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states Henry Neville may refer to Henry Neville (ambassador, 1562-1615 English courtier and disatnt relative of William Shakespeare Henry Neville The parish register records that:
"September 17th, 1667, King Charles 2nd, with his brother James Duke of Yorke, Prince Rupert Duke of Cumberland, James Duke of Monmouth and many more of the nobles dined at Bellingbeare in the great Parlour". A parish register is a book normally kept in a Parish church, in which details of Baptisms Marriages and Burials are recorded
Henry Neville, the last heir of this branch of the family, who had assumed the name of Grey, as heir of his maternal grandfather, Baron Grey of Werke, died in 1740. The title of Baron Grey of Werke or Warke, of Chillingham was created once in the Peerage of England on 11 February 1624 for William Grey On the death of his widow, who afterwards had married as her second husband the Earl of Portsmouth, the manor of Waltham St. Lawrence was inherited by Richard Aldworth of Stanlake, whose father had married the daughter and heir of Colonel Richard Neville. Mr. Aldworth, on his accession to this property, took the name of Neville.
The village school — now a County Primary School - was originally a National School with an endowment of £35 pounds by Lord Braybrooke, a Neville descendant. See also Primary education A primary school (from French école primaire) is an institution where children receive the first stage of Compulsory A national school is a type of School. England and Wales See also Education in England, Education in Wales Historically Lord Braybrooke, Baron of Braybrooke in the County of Northampton is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first Dame School held in the parish was held at 'Honeys'.
Parish church
Architecture
The Church of St. Lawrence is of considerable antiquity. The original building probably ante-dates Bishop Godfrey's acquisition of the manor, for traces of pre-13th century work can still be traced in the crude Norman arches at the west end of the nave. In Romanesque and Gothic Christian Abbey, Cathedral Basilica and church Architecture, the nave is the The church was rebuilt in the 13th century when a new aisle in the Decorated style was thrown out on the north side, and the Norman work was broken down, thus opening the new aisle to the nave. An aisle is in general a space for walking with rows of seats on either side or with rows of seats on one side and a wall on the other English Gothic is the name of the Architectural style that flourished in England from about 1180 until about 1520 Later the chancel, with its side aisles was begun from the east end and the north and south walls of the nave were extended to join up with the new work in the 13th century. "Chancel" is an architectural term for the space around the Altar at the Liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building At the end of the 14th century, the south aisle of the chancel was enlarged and a square-headed window with trefoliated lights was inserted. Between this side-chapel and the south aisle of the nave is an Early English pointed arch. English Gothic is the name of the Architectural style that flourished in England from about 1180 until about 1520 The window in the north chapel has a 14th century window and on the south wall may be seen the remains of the ancient piscina. A piscina or sacrarium is a shallow basin placed near the Altar of a Church, used for washing the communion vessels The porch on the south side of the church hides the old south door which is Norman work, set in a section of 11th century walling. A porch is a structure attached to a building forming a covered entrance to a vestibule or doorway
The Early English Church was plastered inside and on this were commonly painted frescoes. A remnant of this treatment is to be found on the easternmost pillar of the north aisle. Close to this pillar and (behind the priest's stall) on the north side are to be seen traces of a pointed arch which evidently formed the doorway to the rood stairs. This is now blocked up.
The church building was restored in 1847 during the incumbency of the Revd. E. J. Parker, B. D. , who gave the stained glass for the east window, which shows in its central panel the Crucifixion, with the Resurrection and Ascension of Our Lord on either side. For the Blackford Oakes novel see Stained Glass (novel The term stained glass refers either to the material of coloured Glass or to the art The praying angels on either side of this window are adapted from the famous fresco in the Riccardi Palace at Florence. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany The reredos is 19th century work and shows - in three compartments - the Descent from the Cross (centre); on the right, the Descent of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost; and on the left, Saint Paul preaching at Athens. There are two common meanings of the word reredos. In general architecture the word can mean the back of an open hearth of a fireplace or a screen placed behind a table The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's
Bells
At the west end of the church is a square embattled tower, with a small turret at the south-west angle containing a staircase leading to the belfry and the top of the tower. The ringing chamber is open to the church and contains a beautiful window in which is the only good glass in the building. This window, and the square-headed doorway below it, is of the Perpendicular period in English architecture. English Gothic is the name of the Architectural style that flourished in England from about 1180 until about 1520 The tower was built in two sections. The lower part dates from the 14th century and the upper from the 16th. Some of the bells date back to the time of Charles II, but the peal only from 1808, when the bells were recast and rehung. Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The peal was again rehung in 1931, and by the generous aid of G. A. Monkhouse, Esq. , bells four and six were recast by Gillett and Johnston of Croydon. Croydon is a large town and major commercial centre in South London, and the principal settlement of the London Borough of Croydon. Extracts from the registers make it plain that the tenor and treble, together with the second bell, were broken in 1659, and these - together with the sacring bell - were recast into five bells, and a peal rung for them for the first time on Tuesday, 23rd April: "the day which King Charles the 2nd was crowned at Westminster". The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church The sacring bell - which hangs in its own turret at the top of the tower - bears the following inscription: "The gift of John A. Beere of the Hill Henbolt. Pray for the welfare of Robert Conisbe 1681". The A'Bear family lived at Hill Farm at Hare hatch in the adjoining parish of Wargrave. Wargrave is a village of ca 4000 residents being a Civil parish in Berkshire, England which encloses the confluence of the River Loddon
Registers
The parish registers date from the 25 November 1558. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the The originals are lodged for safekeeping with the county archivist in Reading, but parish priest possesses a transcript (1558 to 1812) by Edmund Newbery. Apart from the usual entries of births, marriages and deaths, there are interesting memoranda, such as the following:
"Memorandum that the yewe tree at the churchyard gate on the right hand as one goeth into the churchyard up to the churchpond was planted by Thos. Wilkinson vicar of Waltham in February 1655";
"Mabel modwyn widowe abact 68 years old arraigned for witch craft at Redding 29th Feb: and condemned on the 5th of March, 1655. Shee lived at ye south-wist cornr. of lower Innings in ye cornr. next to Binfield".
References
- ^ Ford, David Nash (2001). Royal Berkshire History. Retrieved October 6, 2005
External links
| Settlements in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead |
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| Towns: Ascot | Maidenhead | Windsor |
| Civil parishes: Bisham | Bray | Cookham | Cox Green | Datchet | Eton | Horton | Hurley | Old Windsor | Shottesbrooke | Sunningdale | Sunninghill and Ascot | Waltham St Lawrence | White Waltham | Wraysbury |
| Other villages and suburbs: Bray Wick | Burchetts Green | Cheapside | Clewer | Cockpole Green | Cookham Dean | Dedworth | Eton Wick | Holyport | Knowl Hill | Littlewick Green | Paley Street | Pinkneys Green | Sunninghill | Touchen End |
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