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Walter Schellenberg
16 January 1910 - 31 March 1952

Place of birth Saarbrücken, Germany
Place of death Turin, Italy
Allegiance Flag of Nazi Germany Nazi Germany
Service/branch SS
Years of service 1933-1945
Rank SS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor der Polizei
Awards EK I
EK II
War Merit Cross First Class with Swords
War Merit Cross Second Class with Swords

Walter (correctly Walther) Friedrich Schellenberg (January 16, 1910 – March 31, 1952) was a German Nazi who rose through the SS to become, following the abolition of the Abwehr in 1944, head of foreign intelligence. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Saarbrücken (ˈzaːɐ̯ˈbrʏkn in German; Sarrebruck is the capital of the state of Saarland in Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Brigadeführer was an SS rank that was used in Nazi Germany between the years of 1932 and 1945 For other meanings please see Iron Cross (disambiguation The Iron Cross ( was a Military decoration of the Kingdom of Prussia For other meanings please see Iron Cross (disambiguation The Iron Cross ( was a Military decoration of the Kingdom of Prussia The War Merit Cross (Kriegsverdienstkreuz was a decoration of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, which could be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel The War Merit Cross (Kriegsverdienstkreuz was a decoration of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, which could be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the The Abwehr was a German intelligence organization from 1921 to 1944 Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Contents

Biography

Schellenberg was born in Saarbrücken, Germany, but moved with his family to Luxembourg when the French occupation of the Saarland after the First World War triggered an economic crisis in the Weimar Republic. Saarbrücken (ˈzaːɐ̯ˈbrʏkn in German; Sarrebruck is the capital of the state of Saarland in Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Luxembourg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg Grand-Duché de Luxembourg Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small Landlocked country in Western Europe, bordered by This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Saarland (ˈzaːɐ̯lant in German; French: Sarre) is one of the 16 federal states (German Bundesländer) of Germany. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The term Weimar Republic ( ˈvaɪmarɐ repuˈbliːk is used by historians to signify the democratic and Republican period of Germany from 1919 to 1933

Schellenberg returned to Germany to attend university, first at the University of Marburg and then, in 1929, at the University of Bonn. The University of Marburg (Philipps-Universität Marburg 'Philip's University Marburg' was founded in 1527 by Landgrave Philip I of Hesse (usually The University of Bonn ( German: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn) is a public research university located in Bonn, Germany He initially studied medicine, but soon switched to law. After graduating he joined the SS in May 1933 and worked in counter-intelligence. The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the This article is a subset article of Intelligence cycle security. He met Reinhard Heydrich and from 1939 to 1942 was Heinrich Himmler's personal aide and a deputy leader of the Reich Central Security Office. Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich ( 7 March 1904 &ndash 4 June 1942) was an SS - Obergruppenführer, chief Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 was a Nazi German politician and head of the Schutzstaffel (SS. An aide-de-camp ( French for camp assistant) is a personal assistant secretary or Adjutant to a person of high rank usually a senior military officer The RSHA, or Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Reich Security Head Office was a subordinate organization of the SS. In addition Himmler bestowed upon Schellenberg a unique position beyond that of a simple aide, making him his special-plenipotentiary (Sonderbevollmächtigter). The word plenipotentiary (from the Latin, plenus + potens, full + power has two meanings Since Himmler held the position of general plenipotentiary to the whole Reichs administration (Generalbevollmächtigter für die Verwaltung), this effectively gave Schellenberg enormous influence within Nazi Germany.

In November 1939 Schellenberg played a major part in the Venlo Incident, which led to the capture of two British agents, Major Best and Captain Stefens. The Venlo Incident in 1939 was a Gestapo -engineered capture of two British SIS agents in the early months of World War II, on November 9, Captain Sigismund Payne-Best (1885–1978 was a British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS more commonly known today as MI-6) agent during World War I and In 1940 he was charged to compile a list of 2300 prominent Britons to be arrested after a successful invasion of Britain. The Black Book was the post-war name given to the Sonderfahndungsliste G The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Operation Sealion (Unternehmen Seelöwe was Germany's plan to invade the United Kingdom during World War II, beginning in 1940 He also arranged many other plots of subterfuge and intelligence gathering, including the bugging of a Berlin brothel. Intelligence (abbreviated int or intel) is not Information, but the product of evaluated information valued for its currency and relevance rather than A covert listening device, more commonly known as a bug, is usually a combination of a Miniature Radio transmitter with a Microphone. Salon Kitty was a Berlin Brothel used by the SD for Espionage purposes before and during World War II.

In 1940 he was also sent to Portugal to intercept the Duke and Duchess of Windsor and try to persuade them to work for Germany. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The Peerage title Duke of Windsor was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1937 for The Prince Edward, formerly King of the United Kingdom Wallis Duchess of Windsor (born Bessie Wallis Warfield, later Spencer, then Simpson; 19 June 1895 or 1896 &ndash 24 April 1986 was an American The mission was a failure; Schellenberg managed only to delay their baggage for a few hours.

By the time he led the hunt for the Soviet spy ring Red Orchestra, Schellenberg had become a Major-General (Brigadeführer) in the Waffen-SS. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Brigadeführer was an SS rank that was used in Nazi Germany between the years of 1932 and 1945 The Waffen-SS ( German for "Armed SS" literally "Weapons SS" was the Combat arm of the Schutzstaffel ("Protective Squadron" Schellenberg had been involved in planning operations in neutral Ireland including Operation Osprey, a plan involving No. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Operation Osprey ( "Unternehmen Fischadler" in German) was a plan conceived by the German Foreign Ministry and Abwehr II 1 SS Special Service Troop. [1] According to his memoirs, he was a friend of Wilhelm Canaris, the head of the Abwehr, whom he replaced in 1944. Wilhelm Franz Canaris ( January 1, 1887 &ndash April 9, 1945) was a German Admiral and head of the Abwehr The Abwehr was a German intelligence organization from 1921 to 1944 Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

At the end of the War Schellenberg persuaded Himmler to try negotiating with the Western Allies through Count Folke Bernadotte and personally went to Stockholm in April 1945 to arrange their meeting. The Western Allies were the democracies and their colonial peoples within the broader coalition of Allies during World War II. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the He was in Denmark attempting to arrange his own surrender when Allied troops arrested him in June 1945. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar

During the postwar Nuremberg Trials, Schellenberg testified against other Nazis. The Nuremberg Trials were a series of trials most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political military and economic leadership of Nazi Germany after In the 1949 Ministries Trial he was sentenced to six years' imprisonment, during which time he wrote his memoirs, The Labyrinth. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Ministries Trial (or officially The United States of America vs He was released in 1951 on grounds of ill-health (a worsening liver condition) and moved to Switzerland before settling in Verbania Pallanza, Italy. The liver is a vital organ in the human body and is present in Vertebrates and some other animals Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Verbania is a city and Comune (commune on the shore of Lake Maggiore, Piedmont in northwest Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The following year he died of cancer in Turin.

Fictional depictions

In 1976, Schellenberg was portrayed by Helmut Berger in the heavily fictionalized film version of the Salon Kitty incident, Salon Kitty, directed by Tinto Brass. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Helmut Berger (born May 29 1944) is an Austrian Actor. Berger (whose real name is Helmut Steinberger) was born in Bad Salon Kitty was a Berlin Brothel used by the SD for Espionage purposes before and during World War II. Giovanni Brass (born March 26 1933) better known as Tinto Brass, is an Italian Filmmaker. He was also portrayed by Oleg Tabakov in the Soviet TV series Seventeen Moments of Spring, and featured in the Jack Higgins novel The Eagle Has Flown. Oleg Pavlovich Tabakov (Олег Павлович Табаков (born August 17, 1935 in Saratov) is one of the most recognizable Seventeen Moments of Spring ( 1973) ("Семнадцать мгновений весны" in Russian) also Seventeen Instants of Spring Jack Higgins (b July 27, 1929) is the principal pseudonym of UK Novelist Harry Patterson. Jack Higgins also depicted him in his novel The Judas Gate also known as To Catch A King and The Eagle has Flown. To Catch A King was filmed in 1984, directed by Clive Donner and with Horst Janson as Schellenberg. Additionally, Schellenberg is portrayed in the novel The Sands of Sakkara by Glenn Meade and is also depicted in Timothy Findley's 1981 novel, Famous Last Words. Glenn Meade is an Irish author He was born in Finglas, Dublin in 1957 He also is featured in Daniel Silva's 1996 spy thriller, The Unlikely Spy. He was also featured as a main character in the Gordon Stevens book, And All the Kings Men. He was also fictionally depicted in German cartoons. Schellenberg also appears as a major character in Philip Kerr's 2005 novel, Hitler's Peace.


Summary of his military career

Dates of rank

Notable decorations


References and Notes

  1. ^ Later becoming SS Parachute Battalion 500 (SS-Fallschirmjäger-Bataillon 500) an amalgamation of No. Mann ( German for Man was a paramilitary rank used by several Nazi Party paramilitary organizations between 1925 and 1945 Sturmmann is a German phrase translating as “ Stormtrooper ” Rottenführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in the year 1932. Unterscharführer was a Paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party that was used by the Schutzstaffel (SS between the years of Scharführer was a Nazi Party title that was used by several paramilitary organizations from 1925 to 1945 Oberscharführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that existed between the years of 1932 and 1945. Untersturmführer was a paramilitary rank of the German Schutzstaffel first created in July 1934. Obersturmführer was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi party that was used by the Schutzstaffel and also as a rank of the SA. Hauptsturmführer was a Nazi rank of the SS which was used between the years of 1934 and 1945 Sturmbannführer was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party which was used by both the Sturmabteilung (SA and the Schutzstaffel Obersturmbannführer was a Paramilitary Nazi Party rank used by both the SA and the SS. Standartenführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in both the S Oberführer was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party dating back to 1921 Brigadeführer was an SS rank that was used in Nazi Germany between the years of 1932 and 1945 For other meanings please see Iron Cross (disambiguation The Iron Cross ( was a Military decoration of the Kingdom of Prussia For other meanings please see Iron Cross (disambiguation The Iron Cross ( was a Military decoration of the Kingdom of Prussia The SS-Ehrenring ("SS Honour Ring" unofficially called Totenkopfring (English "Death's head ring" The War Merit Cross (Kriegsverdienstkreuz was a decoration of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, which could be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel The War Merit Cross (Kriegsverdienstkreuz was a decoration of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, which could be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel was a special SS rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945 1 Troop and various penal battalions. Notably participating in Operation Rösselsprung, the raid against Tito's HQ. in 1944.
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