| Walter Hallstein | |
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| In office 1958 – 1967 |
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| Preceded by | None |
| Succeeded by | Jean Rey |
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| Born | 17 November 1901 Mainz, Germany |
| Died | 29 March 1982 (aged 80) Stuttgart, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Political party | Christian Democratic Union |
Walter Hallstein (17 November 1901–29 March 1982) was a German politician and professor. The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Jean Rey ( July 15, 1902 &ndash May 19, 1983) was a Belgian lawyer and Liberal politician who became President of the European Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Mainz (ˈmaɪ̯nʦ (Mayence is a City in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Stuttgart (ˈʃtʊtgaɐ̯t is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person
He was one of the key figures of European integration after World War II, becoming the first president of the Commission of the European Economic Community. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union. The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. His name is associated with the "Hallstein Doctrine", by which the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) attempted to block the recognition of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), the People's Republic of Poland and other communist states. The Hallstein Doctrine, named after Walter Hallstein, was a key doctrine in the foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany between 1955 West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state The People's Republic of Poland or Polish People's Republic ( Polish: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL Russian Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based
Contents |
Biography
Early life
Hallstein was born in Mainz, Germany, the son of a government building officer[1]. Mainz (ˈmaɪ̯nʦ (Mayence is a City in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. He studied law in Bonn, Munich and Berlin and graduated in 1925 [1] with a doctoral dissertation on the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles with regard to insurance policies. Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located about 20 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A dissertation (also called thesis or disquisition) is a document that presents the author's Research and findings and is submitted in support of candidature The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss From 1926 he worked at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Foreign Private and International Private Law in Berlin. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft is a German entity formally known as the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. In 1930, at the age of 28, he was appointed professor for private law and company law at the University of Rostock (Rostock),[1] where he remained until 1941. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies The University of Rostock (Universität Rostock is the University of the city Rostock, in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Rostock (ˈʁɔstɔk from Polabian Roz toc, literally "to flow apart" is the largest City in the north German state Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1941 he was appointed professor of civil law at the University of Frankfurt (Frankfurt am Main). The Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (also known as Frankfurt University) was founded in 1914 as a Citizens' University which means that while it was He was also, at the same time, director of the university's Institute for Comparative Law and Commercial Law.
Military service
From 1942 he served in the Wehrmacht, serving as a first lieutenant (Oberleutnant) in Northern France. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 First Lieutenant is a Military rank. The rank of Lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations (see Comparative military ranks This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. He was taken prisoner in 1944. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. While in a prisoner-of-war camp in Mississippi (1944–1946), he started a "camp university",[1] where he held law courses for the prisoners. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society
Post-war academic career
In 1946 he returned to Frankfurt University, where he was elected rector of the university. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. From 1948 he spent a year in the United States as guest professor at Georgetown University (Washington DC),[1] teaching International Relations. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D
Political career in Germany
In June 1951 the German Chancellor, Konrad Adenauer, appointed him state secretary (a top-ranking civil servant) in the Federal Chancellery (Kanzleramt) and made him head of the German delegation for the Schuman Plan negotiations. Chancellor or chancellour (archaic ( Latin: cancellarius) is an official Title used in countries whose civilization has arisen Konrad Hermann Josef Adenauer ( 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967 was a German Statesman. The Chancellor's Office (Chancellery (in German Bundeskanzleramt, or more commonly Kanzleramt) is the office of the Chancellor, the head of the The Schuman Declaration is a governmental proposal by then- French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman to place the Coal and Steel industries of [1] A few months later he was made state secretary at the foreign ministry. In September 1955 he was responsible for the policy that bears his name, the Hallstein Doctrine,[1] though much of the work formulating this is said to have actually been done by his deputy Wilhelm Grewe. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The Hallstein Doctrine, named after Walter Hallstein, was a key doctrine in the foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany between 1955 Wilhelm Georg Grewe ( 16 October 1911 &ndash 11 January 2000) was a German Diplomat and professor of international law
Hallstein remained at the foreign ministry until the beginning of 1958 and played a major part in the negotiations on the European Economic Community and Euratom treaties. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The European Community (EC is one of the Three pillars of the European Union (EU created under the Maastricht Treaty (1992 The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom is an international organisation which is semi-independent of but completely controlled by the European Community In 1955, he was one of the participants of the Messina Conference in 1955, which would lead to the Treaty of Rome in 1957. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The Messina Conference was held from 1 to 3 June 1955 at the Italian city of Messina on the island of Sicily. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar)
President of the Commission of the European Economic Community
On January 7, 1958 Hallstein was elected first president of the Commission of the European Economic Community (now the European Commission) in Brussels, a post he was to retain until 1967. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. [1]
In 1961 he was awarded the Charlemagne prize (Karlspreis) by the City of Aachen for his efforts in the cause of European federation. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Karlspreis ( Charlemagne Prize; Prix Charlemagne; full name originally Internationaler Karlspreis der Stadt Aachen The Karlspreis ( Charlemagne Prize; Prix Charlemagne; full name originally Internationaler Karlspreis der Stadt Aachen ( Ripuarian: Oche, Dutch: Aken, Spanish: Aquisgrán, Italian: Aquisgrana, French, [1]
As a proponent of a federal Europe with a strong Commission and Parliament, he was opposed to de Gaulle's vision of a "Europe des États" (Europe of States) with more power retained by national governments, and in September 1967 he was forced to resign as president of the Commission. TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A parliament is a Legislature, especially in those Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle ( ( 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French General and statesman who led the Free French Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. [1]
Later life
From 1967 onward, he wrote and was active in German politics. From 1969 to 1972 he was a member of the Bundestag (the lower house of the German federal parliament) for the CDU. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Bundestag ("Federal Diet " or "Lower House of German Parliament" is the Parliament of Germany. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. [1]
From 1968 to 1974 he was president of the council of the European Movement. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The European Movement is an international Lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and private individuals desiring to work towards the construction [1]
Im 1968, he was awarded the Robert Schuman Prize. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Robert Schuman Prize for European unity was a prize awarded annually by the Hamburg Alfred Toepfer Foundation, in memory of former French Prime Minister
He died in Stuttgart on March 29, 1982, at the age of 80. Stuttgart (ˈʃtʊtgaɐ̯t is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) [1]
Honours
During his lifetime Walter Hallstein received honorary doctorates from nine European and nine American universities, including the universities of Hamburg, Padua, Columbia, Georgetown, and Harvard.
In 1961 he was awarded the Charlemagne prize (Karlspreis) by the City of Aachen for his efforts in the cause of European federation. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Karlspreis ( Charlemagne Prize; Prix Charlemagne; full name originally Internationaler Karlspreis der Stadt Aachen The Karlspreis ( Charlemagne Prize; Prix Charlemagne; full name originally Internationaler Karlspreis der Stadt Aachen ( Ripuarian: Oche, Dutch: Aken, Spanish: Aquisgrán, Italian: Aquisgrana, French,
In 1997, the Walter Hallstein Institute for European Constitutional Law at the Humboldt University in Berlin was named in his honour. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar For other universities in Berlin see List of Universities in Berlin. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany.
The Walter Hallstein Prize is awarded annually in November by the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main, the town of Frankfurt am Main and the Dresdner Bank for special services to European integration. The Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (also known as Frankfurt University) was founded in 1914 as a Citizens' University which means that while it was Dresdner Bank AG is one of Germany 's largest banking corporations and is based in Frankfurt.
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Walter Hallstein (German). German Historical Museum. Retrieved on 2007-11-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare
Further reading
- Grewe, Wilhelm (1979). Rückblenden 1976-1951 (in German). Frankfurt/Main: Propyläen. ISBN 978-354907387-2.
- Loth, Wilfried; Wallace, William; Wessels, Wolfgang (1998). Walter Hallstein: The Forgotten European?. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-031221293-3.
External links
Biographical details
- The History of the European Union: A chronology from 1946 to 2003
- (French) Biography of Walter Hallstein at a semi-official French web site
- (German) Biography of Walter Hallstein at the Konrad-Adenauer Foundation
- (German) Brief portrait of Walter Hallstein at the official web site for Charlemagne Prize awards
Institutions
- Konrad-Adenauer Foundation
- (German) Walter Hallstein Institute
- (German) Charlemagne prize foundation; includes a list of recipients
| Preceded by — |
President of the European Commission 1958–1967 |
Succeeded by Jean Rey |
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