| Wallkill River (Twischsawkin) | |
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 Islands in the river near Walden, NY
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| Country | United States |
| States | New York, New Jersey |
| Counties | Ulster, NY, Orange, NY, Sussex, NJ |
| Major cities | New Paltz, NY, Walden, NY, Montgomery, NY, Sparta, NJ |
| Length | 94 mi (151 km) [1] |
| Watershed | 785 sq mi (2,033 km²) [1] |
| Discharge at | Gardiner, NY |
| - average | 1,365 cu ft/s (39 m³/s) [2] |
| Source | Lake Mohawk, New Jersey |
| - location | Sparta, Sussex County, NJ |
| - coordinates | |
| - elevation | 720 ft (219 m) |
| Mouth | Rondout Creek |
| - location | Rifton, Ulster County, NY |
| - coordinates | |
| - elevation | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Major tributaries | |
| - left | Shawangunk Kill |
| - right | Papakating Creek |
 The combined watersheds of the Wallkill and Rondout Creek
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The Wallkill River, a tributary of the Hudson, drains Lake Mohawk in Sparta, New Jersey, flowing from there generally northeasterly 94 miles (151 km) into New York, where it drains into Rondout Creek near Rosendale, with the combined flows reaching the Hudson at Kingston. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. Ulster County is a County located in the state of New York, USA. Orange County is a County located in the US state of New York. The County of Sussex (also known as Sussex County) is the northernmost county in the State of New Jersey. New Paltz is a village in Ulster County in the US state of New York. Walden is the largest of three villages of the Town of Montgomery in Orange County, New York, USA. Montgomery is a Village in Orange County, New York, United States. Sparta Township is a Township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Gardiner is a hamlet (and a Census-designated place) in Ulster County, New York, USA. The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units Lake Mohawk is a Census-designated place and an unincorporated area located in parts of both Byram Township and Sparta Township, in Sussex Sparta Township is a Township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. The County of Sussex (also known as Sussex County) is the northernmost county in the State of New Jersey. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Rondout Creek is a Tributary of the Hudson River in Ulster and Sullivan counties, New York, USA. Rifton is a hamlet (and Census-designated place) in Ulster County, New York, United States. Ulster County is a County located in the state of New York, USA. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International The Shawangunk Kill is a stream that flows northward through Orange, Sullivan and Ulster counties, New York in the Papakating Creek is a Tributary of the Wallkill River in Sussex County, New Jersey in the United States. Rondout Creek is a Tributary of the Hudson River in Ulster and Sullivan counties, New York, USA. A tributary is a Stream or River which flows into a mainstem (or parent river The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk, the Great Mohegan by the Iroquois, or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami Lake Mohawk is a Census-designated place and an unincorporated area located in parts of both Byram Township and Sparta Township, in Sussex Sparta Township is a Township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Rondout Creek is a Tributary of the Hudson River in Ulster and Sullivan counties, New York, USA. Rosendale is a Town in Ulster County, New York, United States. Kingston is a City in Ulster County, New York, United States.
The river is often said to be unusual because it flows north between two major south-flowing rivers, the Hudson and the Delaware River. The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk, the Great Mohegan by the Iroquois, or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami The Delaware River is a river on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It also has the unusual distinction of being a river that drains into a creek, due to being impounded shortly before the Rondout confluence into a small body of water called Sturgeon Pool near Rifton, and what reaches the Rondout from there is the lesser flow. A stream is a body of Water with a current, confined within a bed and stream-banks A dam is a barrier that divides waters. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water while other structures such as Floodgates, Levees Confluence, in Geography, describes the meeting of two or more Bodies of water. Sturgeon Pond is near the hamlet of Rifton, in the Town of Esopus in Ulster County, New York. Rifton is a hamlet (and Census-designated place) in Ulster County, New York, United States.
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Course
Its broad valley nestles between the main Appalachian Mountains and the New York-New Jersey Highlands, supporting much local agriculture. The Appalachian Mountains ( often called the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. The New York - New Jersey Highlands is a Geological formation composed primarily of Precambrian Igneous and Metamorphic rock running from the Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture During its course it first drains most of Sussex County, New Jersey, then flows through the Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge at the New Jersey/New York state line. The County of Sussex (also known as Sussex County) is the northernmost county in the State of New Jersey. Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge is part of the National Wildlife Refuge system Most of the New Jersey portion is navigable by canoe.
Then it is heavily diverted as it flows through the rich Black Dirt Region of Warwick. The Black Dirt Region is located in southern Orange County, New York, USA and northern Sussex County, New Jersey. Warwick is a Town in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 30764 at the 2000 census Until drainage projects were built here, this region was known as the Drowned Lands. Drowned Lands is a name sometimes given to seasonally flooded areas or to areas flooded by reservoirs After lending its name to the Town of Wallkill, in northern Orange County, it begins to regain its volume as it passes by Orange County Airport, Montgomery and through Walden, where dams have been built in the past to provide power for local industry. Another Wallkill is a hamlet in Ulster County. Wallkill is a Town in Orange County, New York, Orange County is a County located in the US state of New York. New York’s Orange County Airport is an untowered General aviation airport located 1 mile (2 km southwest of Village of Montgomery, in the Montgomery is a Village in Orange County, New York, United States. Walden is the largest of three villages of the Town of Montgomery in Orange County, New York, USA. A dam is a barrier that divides waters. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water while other structures such as Floodgates, Levees For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" The largest, in Walden, still is used by New York State Electric and Gas today. Energy East is a Fortune 500 company that serves 29 million Public utility customers with energy primarily Electricity and Natural gas.
After briefly serving as the line between Orange and Ulster counties, it passes by Wallkill, the second community to take its name from the river, and then the striking scenery of the Shawangunk Ridge is visible as it winds past the Ulster County Fairgrounds and New Paltz, where its flood plain becomes more noticeable, on the way to its mouth at the Rondout. Ulster County is a County located in the state of New York, USA. Wallkill is a hamlet (and Census-designated place) generally identified as coterminous with ZIP code 12589 Telephone exchange 895 in the The Shawangunk Ridge (also known as the Shawangunk Mountains, or The Gunks; pronounced by some locals as "SHONG-gum" (/ˈʃɑŋgʌm/ is a ridge of mountains New Paltz is a village in Ulster County in the US state of New York. ||-||-||-||-||-||-||-||}A floodplain, or flood plain, is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a Stream or River that experiences occasional or periodic
Also somewhat unusually, the Wallkill tends to cross political borders much more often than it forms them, at least in New York (in New Jersey it divides several townships). Other than the brief segment that follows the Orange-Ulster line, there is only southern Orange County, where it divides the towns of Minisink, Wawayanda and Wallkill on its west from Warwick and Goshen to the east. Minisink is a Town located in southwest Orange County, New York northeast of the New Jersey border between the Town of Greenville Wawayanda is a Town in Orange County, New York, United States. Another Wallkill is a hamlet in Ulster County. Wallkill is a Town in Orange County, New York, Warwick is a Town in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 30764 at the 2000 census Goshen is a Town in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 12913 at the 2000 census Two villages, Montgomery and New Paltz, are also bounded by the river in part.
In addition to the town and hamlet in New York, two school districts take their name from the river: Wallkill Valley Regional School District, in New Jersey and Wallkill Central in New York (Valley Central also derives its name indirectly from the river). Administrative divisions of New York State differ from those in certain other countries and most U A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. Wallkill Valley Regional High School is a four-year Public high school and regional School district in New Jersey serving approximately 900 students from The Wallkill Central School District is centered in Wallkill, New York. The Valley Central School District serves most of the Town of Montgomery in Orange County, New York, USA, and its three villages
History
Native Americans knew the river as Twischsawkin, meaning "the land where plums abound". Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States A plum or gage is a stone fruit Tree in the genus Prunus, subgenus Prunus. At least three prehistoric rock shelters have been found in archaelogical digs in the region. Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek grc ἀρχαιολογία archaiologia – grc ἀρχαῖος archaīos For the indigenous peoples, it was not only important for its arable land but for its geological resources. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit The river and its valley are abundant in flint and chert, from which they made spear points and arrowheads. Flint (or flintstone) is a hard sedimentary Cryptocrystalline form of the Mineral Quartz, categorized as a variety of Chert Chert (ˈtʃɝt is a fine-grained Silica -rich Microcrystalline, Cryptocrystalline or Microfibrous Sedimentary rock that may contain This is an article about a particle accelerator For uses of spear, see Spear or Spear (disambiguation. An arrowhead is point of an Arrow, or a shape resembling such a point as Archaeological artifacts arrowheads are a subclass of Projectile points [3]
European settlers of the region named it first the Palse River, after New Paltz. The start of the European colonization of the Americas is typically dated to 1492 although there was at least one earlier colonization effort A settler is a person who has migrated to an area and established permanent residence there often to colonize the area Later, when it was clear that the river continued well beyond the original New Paltz patent, it took after the Waal river in their native Netherlands. WAAL ("The Whale" is a Classic rock radio station broadcasting at 99 The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands They worked their way down it from the Hudson Valley in the 17th century, and were followed by the British after the colony changed hands. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar [3]
Settlers recognized the agricultural possibilities of the Drowned Lands almost as soon as they moved in. Efforts to divert the river and create more farmland appear to have begun as early as 1760. It would take 66 years, however, before a canal succeeded in draining the land and making enough available to profitably cultivate. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways [3]
By that time industry was beginning to harness the river, too, as Jacob Walden established his mill in the village downriver that would later take his name. This article is about a type of structure For other locational uses see Milldam. Millers in the Black Dirt Region clashed heavily with farmers in what were known as the Muskrat and Beaver Wars for decades afterwards, since the millers needed the water to flow freely while the farmers depended on keeping it diverted. In 1871 the farmers finally won. What industry there was would be confined to Montgomery and Walden where the railroad ran nearby. [3]
In 1955 the river experienced the most serious flooding in its history, when two hurricanes pounded the Northeast after a dry summer. A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous Thunderstorms that produce strong winds and Flooding The Northeast is a region of the United States. As defined by the U Heavy flooding of the river and its smaller tributaries from the April 2007 nor'easter forced a number of road closures and evacuations of homes in its flood plain in central Orange County. The April or Spring Nor’easter of 2007 was a Nor'easter that affected mainly the eastern parts of North America during its four day course ||-||-||-||-||-||-||-||}A floodplain, or flood plain, is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a Stream or River that experiences occasional or periodic
Tributaries
The Wallkill has 69 total tributaries in New York alone. Thirty are named. [1]
Moving downriver (south to north)
- Wildcat Brook
- Papakating Creek
- Beaver Run
- Pochuck Creek
- Wawayanda Creek
- Rutgers Creek
- Monhagen Brook
- Quaker Creek
- Masonic Creek
- Mannayunk Kill
- Muddy Kill
- Tin Brook
- Dwaar Kill
- Shawangunk Kill
- Plate Kill
- Kleine Kill
See also
References
- ^ a b c Ulster County Soil and Water Conservation District, 2005, Draft Wallkill Watershed Conservation and Management Plan, 11, retrieved March 21, 2007. Papakating Creek is a Tributary of the Wallkill River in Sussex County, New Jersey in the United States. Pochuck Creek is a Tributary of the Wallkill River in Sussex County, New Jersey in the United States. Wawayanda Creek (pronounced "way way yonda" is the name of Pochuck Creek above its confluence with the Tributary Black Creek. Muddy Kill is a short Tributary of the Wallkill River that runs entirely through the Town of Montgomery in Orange County, New York Tin Brook is a Tributary of the Wallkill River almost entirely located in the Town of Montgomery in Orange County, New York, The Shawangunk Kill is a stream that flows northward through Orange, Sullivan and Ulster counties, New York in the This is a list of the crossings of the Wallkill River (all bridges from its mouth at Sturgeon Pool in Rifton New York to its source at Lake Mohawk New Jersey This is a list of Streams and Rivers in the US state of New Jersey. This is a list of Rivers in the US state of New York. By Drainage Basin This list is arranged by drainage basin with
- ^ United States Geological Survey; Wallkill River at Gardiner, NY; average annual discharge table. The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Figure given is for 2005. Retrieved March 14, 2007.
- ^ a b c d U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); History; retrieved March 22, 2007.
External links
- Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge
- U.S. Geological Survey: NJ stream gaging stations
- Wallkill River Art Gallery
- Drowned Lands of the Wallkill
- Mouth or other endpoint (Rondout Creek) is at coordinates
- Source (Lake Mohawk) is at coordinates
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