The Volstead Act, which reinforced the prohibition of alcohol in the United States of America, was popularly named after Andrew Volstead, Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, which oversaw its passage. Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, also known as Noble Experiment, refers to a Sumptuary law which prohibits Alcohol The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Andrew John Volstead ( October 31 1860 &ndash January 20 1947) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from However, Volstead served as the legislation's sponsor and facilitator rather than its author. It was the Anti-Saloon League's Wayne Wheeler who conceived and drafted the bill. The Anti-Saloon League was the leading organization Lobbying for Prohibition in the United States in the early 20th century Wayne Bidwell Wheeler ( November 10, 1869 – September 5, 1927) was an American Attorney and prohibitionist

Contents 1 Procedure 2 Effects 3 Repeal 4 Notes and references

Procedure

The bill was vetoed by President Woodrow Wilson (largely on technical grounds, because it also covered wartime prohibition) but overridden by Congress on the same day, October 28, 1919. Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. In the United States Congress can override a presidential Veto by having a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and Senate Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act". It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors. The act defined intoxicating liquor as any beverage containing over 0. 5% alcohol and superseded all existing prohibition laws in effect in states with such legislation. The combination of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and the laws passed under its authority became known simply as "Prohibition" and enormously affected United States society in the 1920s (popularly known as the Roaring Twenties). Amendment XVIII (the Eighteenth Amendment) of the United States Constitution, along with the Volstead Act (which defined "intoxicating liquors" In the United States, the term Prohibition refers to the period from 1920 to 1933 during which the sale manufacture and transportation of alcohol for consumption Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the 1920s principally in North America, that emphasizes the period's social artistic and cultural dynamism

Effects

The effects of Prohibition were largely unanticipated. Production, importation and distribution of alcoholic beverages—once the province of legitimate business—were taken over by criminal gangs, which fought each other for market control in violent confrontations, including mass murder. Top gangsters became rich and were admired locally, such as Omaha's Tom Dennison, and nationally, such as Chicago's Al Capone. Gangsters redirects here For the computer game see Gangsters (video game. Tom Dennison, aka Pickhandle, Old Grey Wolf, (? 1858 - February 1934 was the early-20th century Political boss of Omaha, Nebraska Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Alphonse Gabriel "Al" Capone (January 17 1899 &ndash January 25 1947 commonly nicknamed Scarface, was an Italian American Gangster who This effectively made murderers into national celebrities. Enforcement was difficult because the gangs became so rich that they were often able to bribe underpaid and understaffed law-enforcement personnel and hire top lawyers. Many citizens were sympathetic to bootleggers and respectable citizens were lured to the romance of illegal speakeasies, also called "blind pigs". Smuggling, also known as trafficking, is the clandestine transportation of goods or persons past a point where prohibited such as out of a building into a Prison A speakeasy was an establishment that surreptitiously sold Alcoholic beverages during the period of United States history known as Prohibition (1920-1933 A blind pig, also known as a blind tiger, originated in the United States in the 1800s when Blue laws restricted the sale of alcoholic beverages The loosening of social mores during the 1920s included popularizing the cocktail and the cocktail party among higher socio-economic groups. A cocktail is a style of Mixed drink. Originally a mixture of distilled spirits, Sugar, Water, and Bitters, the word has gradually Cocktail party is a Party where Cocktails are served Women may choose to wear what has become known as a Cocktail dress. Those inclined to assist authorities were often intimidated, even murdered. In several major cities—notably those which served as major points of liquor importation, including Chicago and Detroit—gangs wielded effective political power. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. A Michigan State Police raid on Detroit's Deutsches Haus once netted the mayor, the sheriff, and the local congressman. The Michigan State Police (MSP is the State police agency for the State of Michigan.

Section 29 of the Act allowed 200 gallons (the equivalent of about 1000 75 cl bottles) of "non-intoxicating cider and fruit juice" to be made each year at home^[1]. Initially "intoxicating" was defined as anything over 0. 5%,^[2] but the Bureau of Internal Revenue soon struck that down^[3] and this effectively legalised home wine-making. ^[1] Some vineyards embraced the sale of grapes for making wine at home; Zinfandel grapes were popular among home winemakers living near the vineyards, but its tight bunches left their thin skins vulnerable to rot, due to rubbing and abrasion, on the long journey to East Coast markets. ^[4] The thick skins of Alicante Bouschet were less susceptible to rot, so this and similar varieties were widely planted for the home wine-making market. Alicante Bouschet is a Wine Grape variety that has been widely cultivated since 1866 ^[4][5]

Repeal

Prohibition lost advocates as alcohol gained increasing social acceptance and as the effects of prohibition on disrespect for law and the growth of organized crime became apparent. By 1933, public opposition to prohibition had become overwhelming. In January of that year, Congress sought to pre-empt opposition with the Cullen-Harrison Act, which legalized "3.2 beer" (i. REDIRECT Low-alcohol beer#Low-point beer e. , beer 3. 2% alcohol by weight or 4% by volume), rather than the 0. 5% limit defined by the original Volstead Act, but the Cullen-Harrison Act was insufficient. Congress proposed an amendment to repeal Prohibition (the Blaine Act) in February and, on December 5, 1933, the nation ratified the Twenty-first Amendment, which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment, made the Volstead Act unconstitutional, and restored control of alcohol to the states, up until the creation of the Federal Alcohol Administration in 1935. The Blaine Act was sponsored by Wisconsin senator John J Blaine and passed by the United States Senate on February 17, 1933, to repeal Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Twenty-first Amendment ( Amendment XXI) to the United States Constitution repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Constitutionality is the status of a law, a procedure or an act's accordance with the laws or guidelines set forth in the applicable Constitution. The Federal Alcohol Administration was a United States government agency created in 1935 (as part of the Department of the Treasury) by the Federal Alcohol Administration

Notes and references

• Temperance Movement Groups and Leaders in the U.S.

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