A volcanic belt is a large volcanically active region. For other topics with the same name see " Sierra Nevada " The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Other terms are used for smaller areas of activity, such as volcanic fields. A volcanic field is a spot of the Earth 's crust that is prone to localized Volcanic activity Volcanic belts are found above zones of unusually high temperature (700-1400°C) where magma is created by partial melting of solid material in the Earth's crust and upper mantle. Magma (Plurals magmas and magmata) is molten rock that sometimes forms beneath the surface of the Earth (or any other Terrestrial planet The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided These areas usually form along tectonic plate boundaries at depths of 10-50 km. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere For example, volcanoes in Mexico and western North America are mostly in volcanic belts, such as the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt that extends 900 km from west to east across central-southern Mexico and the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province in western Canada. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. For other topics with the same name see " Sierra Nevada " The Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province (NCVP sometimes called the Stikine Volcanic Belt, is a group of Volcanoes and Volcanic fields located in the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

The deeply deformed and eroded remnants of ancient volcanic belts are found in volcanically inactive regions such as the Canadian Shield. The Canadian Shield &mdash also called the Laurentian Plateau, or Bouclier Canadien (French &mdash is a large geological shield covered by It contains over 150 volcanic belts (now deformed and eroded down to nearly flat plains) that range from 600 to 1200 million years old. In Geography, a plain is an area of land with relatively low relief — meaning that it is flat These are zones of variably metamorphosed mafic to ultramafic volcanic sequences with associated sedimentary rocks that form what are known as greenstone belts. Metamorphism can be defined as the solid state recrystallisation of pre-existing rocks due to changes in heat and/or pressure and/or introduction of fluids i Mafic is an adjective describing a Silicate mineral or rock that is rich in magnesium and iron the term was derived by contracting "magnesium" and "ferric" Ultramafic (also referred to as ultrabasic) rocks are igneous and meta -igneous rocks with very low Silica content (less than 45% generally Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock types (the others being igneous and Metamorphic rock) Greenstone belts are zones of variably metamorphosed Mafic to Ultramafic Volcanic sequences with associated Sedimentary rocks that They are thought to have formed at ancient oceanic spreading centers and island arc terranes. A volcanic arc is a chain of volcanic islands or Mountains formed by Plate tectonics as an oceanic Tectonic plate subducts under A terrane in Geology is a fragment of crustal material formed on or broken off from one Tectonic plate and accreted — " sutured " The Abitibi greenstone belt in Ontario and Quebec, Canada is one of the world's largest greenstone belts. The Abitibi greenstone belt is a 2800-2600 million year old Greenstone belt that spans across the Ontario - Quebec border in Canada. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

Volcanic belts are similar to a mountain range, but the mountains within the mountain range are volcanoes, not actual mountains that are formed by faulting and folding by the collision of tectonic plates. A mountain range is a chain of Mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by passes or valleys In Geology a fault, or fault line, is a planar rock fracture which shows evidence of relative movement See also Folding The term fold is used in Geology when one or a stack of originally flat and planar surfaces such as Sedimentary Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere ^[1]

Contents 1 Formation 2 Examples 3 See also 4 References

Formation

Volcanic belts may be formed by multiple tectonic settings. They may be formed by subduction zones, which is an area on Earth where two tectonic plates meet and move towards one another, with one sliding underneath the other and moving down into the mantle, at rates typically measured in centimeters per year. In Geology, a subduction zone is an area on Earth where two tectonic plates meet and move towards one another with one sliding underneath the other EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided An oceanic plate ordinarily slides underneath a continental plate; this often creates an orogenic zone with many volcanoes and earthquakes. Oceanic crust is the part of Earth's Lithosphere that surfaces in the Ocean basins Orogeny (Greek for "mountain generating" is the process of natural Mountain building and may be studied as a tectonic structural event as a geographical event and An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer In a sense, subduction zones are the opposite of divergent boundaries, areas where material rises up from the mantle and plates are moving apart. In Plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a An example of a subduction-zone related volcanic belt is the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt in northeastern Eurasia, which is one of the largest subduction-zone related volcanic provinces in the world, stretching some 3200 km and comprising about 2 million km³ of volcanic and plutonic material. The Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt (OCVB is a Cretaceous Volcanic belt in northeastern Eurasia. For the superstate in George Orwell 's novel see Nations of Nineteen Eighty-Four. ^[2]

Volcanic belts may also be formed by hotspots, which is a location on the Earth's surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time. The Anahim Volcanic Belt is a 600- Kilometre -long Volcanic belt, stretching from just north of Vancouver Island to near Quesnel, British British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page In Geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earth's surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the These volcanic belts are called volcanic chains. Canadian geologist John Tuzo Wilson came up with the idea in 1963 that volcanic chains like the Hawaiian Islands result from the slow movement of a tectonic plate across a "fixed" hot spot deep beneath the surface of the planet, thought to be caused by a narrow stream of hot mantle convecting up from the mantle-core boundary called a mantle plume. A geologist is a contributor to the Science of Geology, studying the physical structure and processes of the Earth and planets of the solar system John Tuzo Wilson PhD, CC, OBE, DSc, FRS, FRSC, FRSE ( October 24, 1908 &ndash The Hawaiian Islands, once known as the Sandwich Islands, form an Archipelago of 19 Islands and Atolls numerous smaller In Physics, heat, symbolized by Q, is Energy transferred from one body or system to another due to a difference in Temperature The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided A mantle plume is an upwelling of abnormally hot rock within the Earth's mantle. ^[3] But more recently some geologists, such as Gillian Foulger view upper-mantle convection as a cause. Gillian Foulger is a Professor of Geophysics at Durham University. ^[4][5][6] This in turn has re-raised the antipodal pair impact hypothesis, the idea that pairs of opposite hot spots may result from the impact of a large meteor. ^[7] Geologists have identified some 40-50 such hotspots around the globe, with Hawaii, Réunion, Yellowstone, Galápagos, and Iceland overlying the most currently active. The Hawaiian Islands, once known as the Sandwich Islands, form an Archipelago of 19 Islands and Atolls numerous smaller Réunion ( French: Réunion or formally La Réunion; previously Île Bourbon) is an island located in the Indian Ocean, east of Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( An example of a hotspot volcanic belt is the Anahim Volcanic Belt in British Columbia, Canada, which was formed as a result of the North American Plate sliding westward over the Anahim hotspot. The Anahim Volcanic Belt is a 600- Kilometre -long Volcanic belt, stretching from just north of Vancouver Island to near Quesnel, British British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The North American Plate is a Tectonic plate covering most of North America, Greenland and part of Siberia. The Anahim hotspot is a volcanic hotspot in central British Columbia, Canada. ^[8]

Most hotspot volcanoes are basaltic because they erupt through oceanic lithosphere (e. Basalt (bəˈsɔːlt ˈbeisɔːlt ˈbæsɔːlt is a common Extrusive Volcanic rock. The lithosphere (IPA, from the Greek λίθος for "rocky" + σφαίρα for "sphere" is the solid outermost shell of a rocky Planet. g. , Hawaii, Tahiti). As a result, they are less explosive than subduction zone volcanoes, which have high water contents. Where hotspots occur under continental crust, basaltic magma is trapped in the less dense continental crust, which is heated and melts to form rhyolites. These rhyolites can be quite hot and form violent eruptions, despite their low water content. For example, the Yellowstone Caldera was formed by some of the most powerful volcanic explosions in geologic history. The Yellowstone Caldera is the volcanic Caldera in Yellowstone National Park in the United States.

Examples

• Andean Volcanic Belt
• Garibaldi Volcanic Belt
• Taupo Volcanic Zone
• Central American Volcanic Belt

See also

• Plate tectonics
• Volcanic field
• Volcanic arc

References

Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000

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