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Vietnamese names generally consist of three parts: a family name, a middle name, and a given name, used in that order. A family name or last name is a type of Surname and part of a person's name indicating the family to which the person belongs Many people's Names include one or more middle names, placed between the first Given name and the Surname. Like their Chinese, Korean, and other counterparts, this is in accordance to the East Asian system of personal names. Personal Names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. A Korean name consists of a Family name followed by a Given name, as used by the Korean people in both North Korea and South Korea In a deviation from the East Asian naming system, a person will be referred to either by the whole name or by a given name in normal usage.

Due to the ubiquity of the major family names such as Tran and Nguyen, a person is often referred to by their middle name along with their given name in Vietnamese media and youth culture.

The Vietnamese language is tonal, and so are Vietnamese names. Vietnamese ( tiếng Việt, or less commonly Việt ngữ) formerly known under French colonization as Annamese ( see Annam) The same spelling with different tones are different names, which can confuse non-Vietnamese people when the diacritics are dropped when used outside of Vietnam.

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Family name

The family name, positioned first, is passed on by the father to his children (patronymic naming system). A patronym, is a component of a Personal name based on the name of one's father It is estimated that there are around one hundred family names in common use, although some are far more common than others. The name Nguyễn is estimated to be used by almost 40% of the Vietnamese population. (ŋwjěʔn in Vietnamese approximated as /wɪn/ in English is the most common Vietnamese family name.

Virtually all family names are Chinese in origin, although a few (particularly in the south) have been traced to Cham origins, but presumably have been Vietnamized. The Cham people ( Vietnamese: người Chăm or người Chàm) are an ethnic group in Southeast Asia. The surname Nguyễn is rare among Chinese family names, appearing as (Mandarin) Ruan or (Cantonese) Yuen, mostly in Guangdong province, possibly among those with partial or distant Vietnamese ethnic ancestry (also termed Gin ethnicity). Guangdong ( EFEO: Kouangtong; Pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the Some areas of the southwestern People's Republic of China are inhabited by an indigenous population of ethnic Vietnamese people (or Kinh)

The most popular family names among the Vietnamese are (the Chinese characters following each name are their Chinese equivalents)[1]:

  1. Nguyễn 阮 (38. (ŋwjěʔn in Vietnamese approximated as /wɪn/ in English is the most common Vietnamese family name. 4%)
  2. Trần 陳 (11%)
  3. Lê 黎 (9. Chén ( is one of the most common Chinese family names It ranks at the 5th most popular surname in Mainland China and the most popular surname in Singapore Lê is a common Vietnamese family name In Vietnamese names the family name comes first 5%)
  4. Phạm 范 (7. Phạm is a common Vietnamese family name. Origin The surname is of Chinese origin written in Chinese as 范, suggesting the 1%)
  5. Huỳnh/Hoàng 黃 (5. Huang ( is a Chinese surname that means "yellow" While Huáng is the Pinyin romanisation of the word it may also be romanised as Houang Hoang 1%)
  6. Phan 潘 (4. 5%)
  7. Vũ/Võ 武 (3. Vũ Võ ( 武, in Chữ nôm) is a common Vietnamese surname. 9%)
  8. Đặng 鄧(2. Dang is a Vietnamese Chinese Indian and German surname It thus has its sources from both Asiatic languages and Indo-European languages 1%)
  9. Bùi 裴 (2%)
  10. Đỗ 杜 (1. Đỗ Mười (born February 2, 1917) was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from 1991 to 1997 4%)
  11. Hồ 胡 (1. Hu is a Chinese surname. It is the 15th most common Surname in China, according to a study published in 2006 3%)
  12. Ngô 吳 (1. Wu is the Pinyin transliteration of the Chinese surname 吳 (Traditional Chinese 吴 (Simplified Chinese which is the tenth most common 3%)
  13. Dương 楊 (1%)
  14. Lý 李 (0. Vietnamese names generally consist of three parts a Family name, a Middle name, and a Given name, used in that order 5%)


The following include some other less common surnames, in no particular order:

In Vietnamese cultural practice, women almost always keep their family names once they marry, just as in other East Asian cultures, including Chinese culture, to the north and northeast. Lin is a Pinyin transcription of one of several Chinese surnames with 林 (pinyin Lín being overwhelmingly the most common Feng ( Traditional Chinese: 馮; Simplified: 冯) is a Chinese Surname. Lưu is the Vietnamese transliteration of the Chinese surname Liu ( 劉) the fourth most common surname in China. The Culture of China (traditional Chinese 中國文化 simplified Chinese 中国文化 is home to one of the world's oldest and most complex Civilizations covering a history

Some Vietnamese have a dual family name. Usually it is a combination of the father's family name and the mother's family name. For example, "Nguyễn Phạm", "Nguyễn Lê".

Intercalary name

The middle name is selected by parents from a fairly narrow range. In the past, almost all women had Thị as their middle name, and many men had Văn. More recently, a broader range of names have been used, and people named Thị sometimes omit their middle name.

Thị is by far the most common female middle name. Male middle names include Văn, Hữu, Đức, Công, Quang and many others.

Generally, the middle name has three usages:

  1. To indicate a person's generation — brothers and sisters share the same middle name, which distinguish them from the generation before and after them (see generation name). Generation name, variously zibei or banci, is one of the characters in a traditional Chinese name, and is so called because each member of a generation
  2. To separate branches of a big family. For example, "Nguyễn Hữu", "Nguyễn Sinh, "Trần Lâm". However, this usage is still controversial. Some people consider they are dual family names, not family name + middle name. Some families may, however, set up arbitrary rules about giving a different middle name to each generation.
  3. To indicate a person's position in the family, also known as birth order. "Little sister" redirects here For other uses see Little Sister. This usage is less common than others. It seems that just the Chinese still keep this convention.

Given name

The given name is the primary form of address for Vietnamese. It is chosen by parents, and usually has a literal meaning in the Vietnamese language. Vietnamese ( tiếng Việt, or less commonly Việt ngữ) formerly known under French colonization as Annamese ( see Annam) All names in Vietnamese are unisex, but there are some names that tend to be used more by men and some by women. Names often represent beauty, such as bird or flower names, or attributes and characteristics that the parents want in their child, such as modesty. Typical given names consists of two parts, the first is tên lót, which is just there to make it sound prettier, fancier, while the second is the one that most people go by.

Typically, Vietnamese will be addressed with their given name, even in formal situations, although an honorific equivalent to "Mr. ", "Mrs. ", etc. will be added when necessary. This contrasts with the situation in many other cultures, where the family name is used in formal situations.

Addressing someone by his or her family name is rare, though not impossible to find. In the past, married women in the north have been called by their family name, with Thị 氏 as a suffix. In recent years, doctors are more likely to be addressed by their family name than any other group of society, though this form of reference is more common in the north than in the south. Some extremely well-known people are sometimes referred by their family names, such as Hồ Chí Minh ("Uncle Hồ") (however his real last name is Nguyễn), Trịnh Công Sơn ("Trịnh music"), and Hồ Xuân Hương ("the poetess with the family name Hồ"). For the city named after him see Ho Chi Minh City. Hồ Chí Minh (name Trinh Cong Son (Trịnh Công Sơn ( February 28 1939 &ndash April 1 2001) was a Vietnamese Composer, Musician Hồ Xuân Hương (1772-1822 ( Hán Tự: 胡[[wikt 春|春]] 香) was a Vietnamese poet born at the end of the Lê Dynasty who grew In the old days, people in North Vietnam called parents using the first child's name.

However, when being addressed within the family, the children are commonly referred to by their birth number, starting from one in the north but starting with two in the south.

Example

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ Lê Trung Hoa, Họ Và Tên Người Việt Nam (Vietnamese Family and Personal Names), Social Sciences Publishing House (2005) [1]

in modern times usually consist of a Family name ( Surname) followed by a Given name. A Korean name consists of a Family name followed by a Given name, as used by the Korean people in both North Korea and South Korea This is a list of the top 100 most common Chinese surnames according to a study published in 2006 Surnames are unique and there are thousands of them all over the world A name ( Etymology: from OE nama akin to OHG namo, Latin Nomen, and Greek όνομα (
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