In the broadest sense, a vicar (from the Latin vicarius) is anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior (compare "vicarious"). Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Vicarius is a Latin word meaning substitute or deputy. It is the root and origin of the English word " Vicar " and Cognate to the Persian In this sense, the title is comparable to lieutenant. Lieutenant (abbreviated Lt or Lieut) is a Military, Naval, Paramilitary, Fire service, Emergency medical services Usually the title appears in a number of Christian ecclesiastical contexts, but in the Holy Roman Empire a local representative of the emperor, perhaps an archduke, might be styled "vicar". Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of The title of Archduke (feminine Archduchess) ( German: Erzherzog, feminine -also spousal- form Erzherzogin) denotes a rank above Duke "Representative" is the best definition of this word. Linguistically, it is related to the Persian word vezir. A Vizier ( - wazīr) (sometimes also spelled Vazir Vizir Vasir Wazir Vesir, or Vezir - grammatical vowel changes are common in many western Asian
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Catholic Church
In Catholic canon law, a vicar is the representative of any ecclesiastic. Canon Law, the Ecclesiastical law of the Catholic Church, is a fully developed legal system with all the necessary elements courts lawyers judges a fully articulated The Romans had used the term to describe officials subordinate to the praetorian prefects. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Praetorian prefect (Latin Praefectus praetorio) was the constant title of a high office in the Roman state that changed fundamentally in nature In the early Christian churches, bishops likewise had their vicars, such as the archdeacons and archpriests, and also the rural priest, the curate who had the cure of all the souls outside the episcopal cities. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight A position of archdeacon is a senior position in Anglicanism, Syrian Malabar Nasrani, and in some other Christian denominations above that of most "Forane" redirects here For the veterinary anesthetic see Isoflurane. A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities From the Latin curatus (compare Curator) a curate is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'' ''of souls'' of a The position of the Roman Catholic vicar as it evolved is sketched in the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1908. [1]]
The Pope uses the title Vicarius Christi, meaning, the vicar of Jesus Christ. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) Christ is the English term for the Greek ( Khristós) meaning "the anointed " The papacy first used this title in the eighth century; earlier they used the title vicar of Saint Peter or vicarius principis apostolorum, the vicar of the chief of the apostles. The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Vicar of Christ (Latin Vicarius Christi) has been used since Pope Gelasius I (served 492 - 496 alongside a few rarer 'vicarial' titles as one of the titles The Twelve Apostles (Greek apostolos, "someone sent out" e
Vicars have various different titles based on what role they are performing. An apostolic vicar is a bishop or priest who heads a missionary particular church that is not yet ready to be a full diocese - he stands as the local representative of the Pope, in the Pope's role as bishop of all unorganized territories. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight See also Evangelism, Christianization A Christian mission has been widely defined since the Lausanne Congress of 1974 as that which A particular Church is in Catholic theology and canon law, an ecclesial community headed by a bishop or someone recognized as the equivalent of a bishop In many rites of the Roman Catholic Church and in Anglican churches, a diocese is an administrative territorial unit administered by a Bishop. A vicar capitular, who exercises authority in the place of the diocesan chapter, is a temporary ordinary of a diocese during a sede vacante period. A vicar capitular is a provisional Ordinary of a Roman Catholic Particular church. In those hierarchically organised churches of Western Christianity which have an ecclesiastical law system an ordinary is an officer of the church who by reason of office Sede vacante is the vacancy of the Episcopal see of a Particular church in the Canon law of the Roman Catholic Church.
Vicars exercise authority as the agents of the bishop of the diocese. Most vicars, however, have ordinary power, which means that their agency is not by virtue of a delegation but is established by law. In those hierarchically organised churches of Western Christianity which have an ecclesiastical law system an ordinary is an officer of the church who by reason of office Vicars general, episcopal vicars, and judicial vicars exercise vicarious ordinary power; they each exercise a portion of the power of the diocesan bishop (judicial for the judicial vicar, executive for the others) by virtue of their office and not by virtue of a mandate. A vicar general (often abbreviated VG) is the principal deputy of the bishop of a diocese for the exercise of administrative authority In the Roman Catholic Church, a judicial vicar is an officer of the Diocese who has ordinary power to judge cases in the diocesan Ecclesiastical court In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State.
A vicar forane, also known as an archpriest or dean, is a priest entrusted by the bishop with a certain degree of leadership in a territorial division of a diocese or a pastoral region known as a vicarate forane or a deanery. "Forane" redirects here For the veterinary anesthetic see Isoflurane.
A parochial vicar is a priest assigned to a parish in addition to, and in collaboration with, the pastor of the parish. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches A pastor is an official person within a Protestant group of people and related to the positions of Priest or Bishop within the Anglican, Roman Catholic He exercises his ministry as an agent of the parish's pastor, who is termed parochus in Latin.
Some papal legates are honoured by the title Vicar of the Apostolic See. A Papal Legate – from the Latin authentic Roman title Legatus – is a personal representative of the Pope to Foreign nations or to some part of the Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
In the Russian Orthodox Church and some other non-Hellenic Eastern Orthodox Churches that historically follow Russian tradition vicar (Russian: vikariy / викарий) is a term for what is known as suffragan bishop in the Anglican Communion or as auxiliary bishop in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church. See also Eastern Orthodox Church Structure and organization The Slavic Orthodox Church is organized in a hierarchical structure Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages A suffragan bishop is a Bishop subordinate to a Metropolitan bishop or Diocesan bishop. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs See also Bishop (Catholic Church An auxiliary bishop, in the Roman Catholic Church, is an additional bishop assigned to a Diocese because The Latin Rite is one of the 23 Sui iuris Particular Churches within the Catholic Church. A vicar bishop usually bears in his title the names of both his titular see (usually, a smaller town within the diocese he ministers in) and the see he is subordinate to. For example, Bishop Ignaty Punin, the vicar bishop under the Diocese of Smolensk, is titled "The Rt. Smolensk (Смоленск is a city in western Russia, located on the Dnieper River, the administrative centre of Smolensk Oblast. Rev. Ignaty, the bishop of Vyazma, the vicar of the Diocese of Smolensk," Vyasma being a smaller town inside the territory of the Diocese of Smolensk. Vyazma (Вя́зьма Wiaźma is a town in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyazma River, about halfway between Smolensk and Normally, only large dioceses have vicar bishops, sometimes more than one. Usually, Russian Orthodox vicar bishops have no independent jurisdiction (even in their titular towns) and are subordinate to their diocesan bishops; though some of them de facto may have jurisdiction over some territories, especially when there is a need to avoid an overlapping jurisdiction. In the Russian Orthodox Church, some vicar bishops are styled "archbishops" or "metropolitans", but these titles are merely honorary. In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated Bishop. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion and others this means that they lead In Hierarchical Christian churches the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the Diocesan bishop or
In some other Eastern Orthodox Churches the term "chorbishop" is used instead of "vicar bishop". A chorbishop is a rank of Christian clergy below Bishop. The name chorepiscope or chorepiscopus (pl chorepiscopi) is taken from the
Anglican
In the Church of England, vicar is the ordinary title given to certain parish priests. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities Historically, Anglican parish clergy were divided into rectors, vicars and perpetual curates. The word rector ("ruler" from the Latin regere and Rector meaning "Teacher" In Latin has a number of different meanings but all of them indicate an academic These were distinguished according to the way in which they were remunerated. The church was supported by tithes — taxes (traditionally, as the etymology of tithe suggests, of ten percent) levied on the agricultural output of the parish. A tithe (from Old English teogoþa "tenth" is a one-tenth part of something paid as a (usually voluntary contribution or as a Tax or levy These were divided into greater tithes levied on wheat, hay and wood, and lesser tithes levied on the remainder. A rector received both greater and lesser tithes, a vicar the lesser tithes only. This was because a monastery was the rector – and they supplied a priest to act on their behalf. A perpetual curate received no tithe income and was supported by the diocese. In many rites of the Roman Catholic Church and in Anglican churches, a diocese is an administrative territorial unit administered by a Bishop. A perpetual curate was usually in charge of a newly created Parish carved out of a larger rectoral or vicarial parish. In some cases a portion of the tithe income was given to support the priest. The adjective perpetual emphasises that such a clergyman enjoyed the same security of tenure as his more affluent peers. As all rectors, vicars and perpetual curates were personal representatives of the authority of the church in their parishes they were generally styled parsons. In the pre- Reformation church a parson was the priest of an independent Parish church, that is a parish church not under the control of a larger ecclesiastical or However, this title was used most often by perpetual curates more easily to distinguish them from assistant curates, who were not legally parsons. From the Latin curatus (compare Curator) a curate is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'' ''of souls'' of a An Act of Parliament of 1868 permitted perpetual curates to style themselves vicars and the term parson rapidly lost popularity. Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The conjunction of this change with near-contemporaneous church reforms aimed at reducing the disparities of income among clergy meant that the distinction between the grades of clergy became progressively less relevant and remarked upon. Popularly, any members of the clergy are often referred to as a vicar, even when they do not legally hold such a post. In the past a similar situation led to all clergy being popularly referred to as parsons.
Most parishes in England and Wales retain the historical title for their parish priest — rector or vicar — with vicar being more common in the urban areas, due to the fact of an expansion of new Parishes being created in the Victorian years, and the incumbents being styled 'vicar' after 1868. The distinctions between the titles is now only historical. In the late twentieth century, a shortage of clergy and the disparity of workload between parish clergy led to the development of a number of new forms of parish ministry. A priest shortage is the situation of a reduced number of Priests in religions especially the Roman Catholic Church. One of these, which has proved relatively effective, is the Team ministry or benefice. Originally a benefice was a gift of land ( Precaria) for life as a reward for services rendered It might be that a number of parishes join together to form the Team, and each parish retains its legal definition and independence. Rather than having clergy licensed to the individual parishes, a team of clergy are licensed to the entire benefice. Alternatively, a large parish with daughter churches in addition to a parish church, may be created as a Team Ministry.
In these examples, the more senior priest takes the title Team Rector and serves as parish priest in the main parish, and one or more stipendiary, experienced priests serve as Team Vicars (often installed into the other parishes, or Churches). A stipend is a form of Monetary payment or salary such as for an Internship or Apprenticeship. Non-stipendiary clergy and assistant curates take other titles, often Team Curate. From the Latin curatus (compare Curator) a curate is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'' ''of souls'' of a
Team Rectors and Team Vicars are not perpetual parish priests, and as such do not possess the 'freehold' but are licensed for a fixed term, known as 'leasehold', usually seven years for a Team Rector, and five years for a Team Vicar.
In many other Anglican provinces, the distinction between a vicar and a rector is different. See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches An ecclesiastical province is a large jurisdiction of religious government so named by analogy with a secular Province, existing in certain hierarchical Christian In the Church of Ireland and the Scottish Episcopal Church, most parish priests are rectors. The Church of Ireland (Eaglais na hÉireann is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating across the island of Ireland. The Scottish Episcopal Church (Eaglais Easbaigeach na h-Alba is a Christian denomination in Scotland and a member of the Anglican Communion, although it The word rector ("ruler" from the Latin regere and Rector meaning "Teacher" In Latin has a number of different meanings but all of them indicate an academic In the Episcopal Church in the United States of America, a vicar is a priest in charge of a mission, meaning a congregation supported by its diocese instead of being a self-sustaining parish which is headed by a rector. The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States. See also Evangelism, Christianization A Christian mission has been widely defined since the Lausanne Congress of 1974 as that which
See also
Ulster
In early 17th century Ulster every church had a vicar and a parson instead of a co-arb and an erenagh. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar Ulster ( Ulaidh ˈkwɪɟɪ ˈʌlˠu / ˈʌlˠi is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in addition to Connacht, Munster and Leinster In the pre- Reformation church a parson was the priest of an independent Parish church, that is a parish church not under the control of a larger ecclesiastical or In Medieval Ireland and Scotland the Co-arb or Coarb (alternately "comarba" was the president of a Collegiate church (i The medieval Irish office of Erenagh was responsible for receiving parish revenue from tithes and rents building and maintaining church property and overseeing the termon lands that generated The vicar, like the co-arb, was always in orders. He said the mass (‘serveth the cure’) and received a share of the tithes. The parson, like the erenagh, had a major portion of the tithes, maintained the church and provided hospitality. As he was not usually in clerical orders, his responsibilities were mainly temporal. However, there were differences in the divisions of the tithes between various dioceses in Tyrone. In the Diocese of Clogher, the vicar and the parson shared the tithes equally between them; in the Diocese of Derry, church income came from both tithes and the rental of church lands (‘temporalities’). The vicar and the parson each received one third of the tithes and paid an annual tribute to the bishop. A tribute (from Latin tribulum, contribution is wealth one party gives to another as a sign of respect or as was often case in historical contexts of submission In places where there was no parson, the erenagh continued to receive two thirds of the income in kind from the church lands, and delivered the balance, after defraying maintenance, to the bishop in cash as a yearly rental. In other places, the parson, the vicar and the erenagh shared the costs of church repairs equally between them. In the Diocese of Armagh the parson received two-thirds of the tithes and the vicar one third. The archbishop and the erenagh impropriated no part thereof, presumably because they received the entire income from the termon lands. The division of responsibilities between vicar and parson seems to derive from a much earlier precedent established in the old Celtic Church of St Columcille. WikipediaPersondata --> See Columba (disambiguation and St Columb for other uses
Notable vicars
In either tradition, a vicar can be the priest of a "chapel of ease", a church which is not a parish church. A chapel of ease (sometimes 'chapel-of-ease' is a church building other than the main church (the Parish church) of a Parish. Non-resident canons led also to the institution of vicars choral, each canon having his own vicar, who sat in his stall in his absence (see Cathedral). This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral
Peter the disciple of Christ is noted by the Roman Catholic church to be the Vicar of Jesus Christ. Oliver Goldsmith's novel The Vicar of Wakefield (1766) and the Barsetshire novels of Anthony Trollope, and in France Honoré de Balzac's The Curate of Tours (Le Curé de Tours) all evoke the impoverished world of the 18th and 19th century vicar, while the satiric ballad "The Vicar of Bray" reveals the changes of conscience a vicar in Co. Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1730 or 1728 &ndash 4 April 1774 was an Anglo-Irish writer poet and Physician known for his Novel The Vicar Anthony Trollope (April 24 1815 – December 6 1882 became one of the most successful prolific and respected English Novelists of the Victorian era. This article is about the character or character-type For the article about the 18th century folk song of the same name see " The Vicar of Bray (song Wicklow might be forced through, in order to retain his meagre post, between the 1680s and 1720s. "The Curate of Ars" (usually in French: Le Curé d'Ars) is a style often used to refer to Saint Jean Vianney, a French parish priest canonized on account of his piety and simplicity of life. Ars-sur-Formans is a commune located 25 miles (40 km from Lyon in the department of Ain in eastern France. Saint Jean Marie Baptiste Vianney ( 1786 - August 4, 1859) was a French parish priest who became a Catholic Saint and the
Many English culture figures started life as the educated but impoverished son of a vicar: Sir Francis Drake, Thomas Hobbes, John Henley, John Lightfoot, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Adam Sedgwick, Cecil Rhodes, Nassau William Senior, or Charles Kingsley, for some examples drawn from various intellectual fields. Sir Francis Drake, Vice Admiral, (c 1540 &ndash 27 January 1595 was an English Privateer, navigator, Slaver, and politician Thomas Hobbes (born 5 April 1588died 4 December 1679 was an English philosopher, whose famous 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation John Henley ( August 3, 1692 – October 13, 1759) English Clergyman, commonly known as 'Orator Henley' and one of the first John Lightfoot ( March 29, 1602 – December 6, 1675) was an English churchman rabbinical scholar Vice-Chancellor of the University Samuel Taylor Coleridge ( 21 October 1772 &ndash 25 July 1834) was an English Poet, Critic and philosopher Adam Sedgwick ( 22 March 1785 &ndash 27 January 1873) was one of the founders of modern Geology. Cecil John Rhodes, PC DCL (5 July 1853 &ndash 26 March 1902 was an English -born Businessman mining Magnate, and Politician Nassau William Senior ( September 26, 1790 - June 4, 1864) English Economist, was born at Compton Berkshire Charles Kingsley ( June 12 1819 &ndash January 23 1875) was an English Novelist, particularly associated with the Robert Herrick was himself a vicar. Robert Herrick (baptized August 24 1591 &ndashburied 15 October 1674) was a 17th century English Poet. On a lighter note: A popular British television series on BBC depicts a fictional vicar in The Vicar of Dibley. The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom created by Richard Curtis and written for its lead actress Dawn French, by Curtis and Paul
The English rock band The Smiths recorded a song about an eccentric vicar entitled "Vicar in a Tutu" on their album The Queen is Dead. A musical ensemble is a group of two or more Musicians who perform instrumental or vocal Music. The Smiths were an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1982 The Queen Is Dead is the third studio album by the English rock band The Smiths. The Queen Is Dead is the third studio album by the English rock band The Smiths.
Lutheran usage
In the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, The Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod and the Lutheran Church - Canada, a vicar is a candidate for ordained pastoral ministry, serving in a vicariate or internship, usually in the third year of seminary training. The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America ( ELCA) is a mainline Protestant denomination headquartered in Chicago Illinois. The Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (LCMS founded in 1847 in Missouri, is the eighth largest Protestant denomination in the United States and the second-largest Lutheran Church–Canada ( LCC) was founded in 1988 when most of the Canadian congregations of St Typically at the end of the year of vicarage, the candidate returns to seminary and completes a final year of studies. After being issued a call or assignment, the candidate is ordained as a pastor in the ministry of Word and Sacrament. A vocation is an occupation for which a person is suited trained or qualified In general religious use ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is set apart as Clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies A pastor is an official person within a Protestant group of people and related to the positions of Priest or Bishop within the Anglican, Roman Catholic The role of a vicar in the Lutheran tradition is most comparable to that of a transitional deacon in the Anglican and Roman churches, except that Lutheran vicars are not ordained. In the Roman Catholic church a transitional deacon is a celibate man who has been ordained a Deacon and who intends to become a Priest
The title "Vikar," used in the Lutheran churches in Germany, is comparable.
References
- ^ [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15401a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia.
External links
Dictionary
vicar
-noun
- In the Church of England, the priest of a parish, receiving a salary or stipend but not tithes.
- In the Roman Catholic and some other churches, a cleric acting as local representative of a higher ranking member of the clergy.
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