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This article is about the Catalan city. For other uses, see VIC (disambiguation).
Vic
Flag of {{{city_name}}} Coat of arms of {{{city_name}}}
Flag Coat of Arms
Location
General information
Province Barcelona
Comarca Osona
Demonym Vigatà, vigatana
Land Area 30. A comarca (meaning Shire or County, Spanish and Portuguese plural comarcas, Catalan plural Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 60 km²
Altitude 484 m AMSL
Population 38,321 (2007)
Density 1252. Altitude is the Elevation of a point or object from a known level or datum (plural data The term above mean sea level ( AMSL) refers to the Elevation (on the ground or Altitude (in the Air) of any object relative to the In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 32 hab. /km²
Mayor Josep Maria Vila d'Abadal Serra
Roman temple
Roman temple

Vic is the capital of the comarca of Osona, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government This is a list of the comarques (singular "comarca") of Catalonia ( Spain) Osona is a ''comarca'' in central Catalonia, Spain. Its capital is Vic. Barcelona is a province of eastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The geographic situation, only 69 km far from Barcelona and 60 km from Girona, has done Vic one of the most important cities in central Catalonia.

Contents

History

Vic is of ancient origin. Vic, in past times, was called Ausa by the Romans. Iberian coins bearing this name have been found there. The Visigoths called it Ausona. The Visigoths (Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, or Wisi were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East

During the 8th and 9th centuries, Vic sat in the Spanish Marches that separated Frankish and Islamic forces. Mark from the Old English mearc and march (or various plural forms of these words derived from the Frankish word marka ("boundary" It was destroyed in 788 during a Muslim incursion. Events By Place Europe Charlemagne conquers Bavaria. Bermudo I succeeds Mauregato as king Afterwards only one quarter was rebuilt, which was called Vicus Ausonensis (vicus is Latin for city borough), from which the name Vic was derived, when it was repopulated by Wilfred the Hairy in 878 who gained control over the high part of the city and gave up the lowest part to the bishop to construct the episcopal see. Wilfred or Wifred, called the Hairy, was Count of Urgell (870&ndash897 Cerdanya (870&ndash897 Barcelona (878&ndash897 Events By Place Europe May 21 — After a siege of eight months Syracuse is captured by the Muslims of Sicily. An episcopal see is the ecclesiastical domain of authority of a Bishop. From then on, the city was ruled by the count of Barcelona and by the bishop of Vic. The Count of Barcelona was the major ruler in Catalonia from the 9th until the 17th century Vic is the capital of the comarca of Osona, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

At a council in Toulouges in 1027, the bishop of Vic established the first Peace and Truce of God that helped reduce private warfare. Toulouges is a village of about 6000 inhabitants in the Pyrénées-Orientales Département of France. The Peace and Truce of God was a Medieval European movement of the Catholic Church that applied spiritual sanctions in order to limit the violence of Private war

During the 18th century the city was the first focus of the rebellion against the centralist policy of king Philip V of Spain. Philip V of Spain ( December 19, 1683 - July 9, 1746) born Philippe de France, Fils de France and duc d'Anjou The conflict became the War of the Spanish Succession, which resulted in Catalonia losing its freedom as a nation. In the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714 several European powers combined to stop French succession to the Spanish throne and what would likely have been a resulting

In the early 20th century it had 9500 inhabitants. In 1992 Vic held the Roller Hockey events of the 1992 Summer Olympics of Barcelona. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Roller hockey is a form of Hockey played on a dry surface using skates with wheels The 1992 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Barcelona,

Ecclesiastical history

The bishopric is a suffragan of the archbishopric of Tarragona, bounded on the north by Girona, on the east by Girona and Barcelona, on the south by Barcelona and Tarragona, on the west by Tarragona and Lleida. A suffragan bishop is a Bishop subordinate to a Metropolitan bishop or Diocesan bishop. Girona ( Catalan: Girona ʒiˈɾonə Spanish: Gerona xeˈɾona is a city located in the northeast of Catalonia, Spain Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Tarragona (tərəˈɣonə in Catalan) is a city located in the south of Catalonia and east of Spain, by the Mediterranean Sea. Lleida (Standard Central Catalan ˈʎejðə or North-Western Catalan; Spanish Lérida, though officially referred as Lleida It lies within the four Catalonian provinces, but the greater part of it in that of Barcelona.

The introduction of Christianity was undoubtedly very early, as martyrs of Ausa are recorded in the time of Emperor Decius, and in the earliest records of the Tarraconensian sees the Bishop of Vic is one of the very first mentioned. None, however, is mentioned by name until 516 when Cinidius is named as assisting at the provincial Council of Tarragona and Girona. Cinidius was the first Bishop of Vic whose is mentioned by name in records that have come down to the present Aquilinus (589-99) attended the third Council of Toledo; Esteban, the fourth and one at Egara; Dominus, the sixth of Toledo; Guericus, the eighth; Wisefredus sent his vicar to the thirteenth, and attended in person the fifteenth and sixteenth. The Third Council of Toledo (589 marks the entry of Catholic Christianity into the rule of Visigothic Spain, and the introduction into Western Christianity Terrassa is a Spanish city the fourth in Catalonia according to the number of the inhabitants With this bishop ends the history of the Church of Ausona before the Saracen invasion.

The reconquest of Vic was begun in the time of Louis the Pious, who confided the civil government to Borrell, Count of Ausona, all ecclesiastical matters being under the direction of the Archbishop of Narbonne. Louis the Pious (778 &ndash 20 June 840) also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781 and co-Emperor Borrell was the first Count of Cerdanya, Urgell, and Ausona from between 797 and 799 to his death in 820 The former Catholic diocese of Narbonne existed from early Christian times until the French Revolution.

In 826 Vic fell once more into the hands of the Moors and was finally reconquered by Wilfred the Hairy, independent Count of Barcelona. Wilfred or Wifred, called the Hairy, was Count of Urgell (870&ndash897 Cerdanya (870&ndash897 Barcelona (878&ndash897

Count Wilfred dedicated to the Blessed Virgin the famous monastery of Ripoll, which was already in existence in 888, and obtained form the Archbishop of Narbonne the consecration of Godmarus as Bishop of Vic. Ripoll is the capital of the comarca (county of Ripollès, in the province of Girona, Catalonia. The bishops and the family of Montcada disputed the right of sovereignty over the city until 1315, when the Bishop Berenguer Gaguardia ceded his rights to the king, James II, who also purchased the rights of the Moncadas. James II ( 10 August 1267 in Valencia &ndash 2 November or 5 November 1327 in Barcelona) called the Just

Bishop Atton (960-72) is worthy of mention as a great promoter of studies. Many persons availed themselves of the advantages offered by his reforms, among them Gerbert, the monk of Aurillac, afterwards Pope Sylvester II, who was distinguished for his learning. Pope Sylvester II, or Silvester II (c 946&ndash May 12, 1003) born Gerbert d'Aurillac, was a prolific scholar teacher and Pope

Another of the most illustrious bishops of Vic was Oliva (1018-46), son of the Count of Besalú, and Abbot of Ripoll where he reconstructed and richly decorated the church. Oliva (c 971-1046 also spelled Oliba, was the Count of Berga (998-1003 and Ripoll and later bishop of Vic (1018-1046 and abbot of Sant Besalú is a town in the comarca of Garrotxa, in Catalonia. The town was once more important being the capital of the medieval County The dedication took place 15 January, 1032. He also, with the help of Ermesinda, Countess of Barcelona, reconstructed the cathedral and dedicated it to Sts. Peter and Paul on 31 August, 1038. In the time of his successor Guillermo I the relics of its patron saints, the martyrs Lucianus and Marcianus, were found at Vic, and a council was held for the restoration of peace among the faithful. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members

Berenguer Seniofredo reformed the chapter, expelling lax members and introducing regular observance. Berenguer obtained for himself the dignity of Archbishop of Tarragona, which was contested by the Bishop of Narbonne. Among the Spanish bishops who attended the Council of Trent was Acisclo Moya de Contreras, Bishop of Vic, who was accompanied by the theologian Pedro Mercado. The Council of Trent was the 19th Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church.

Of the more recent bishops, Josep Morgades i Gili deserves special mention. He restored the monastery of Ripoll, destroyed and pillaged by the revolutionists, and reconsecrated its church on 1 July, 1893. He also established at Vic an archaeological museum where he collected many treasures of medieval art which had been dispersed among the ancient churches of the diocese. The next Bishop of Vic was Josep Torres i Bages, a man of great culture and learning.

Other celebrated natives of Vic diocese include:

See also:

Culture

Among other centers and institutions working to promote culture education, Vic is renowned for:


Economy

For centuries, the city's primary industrial and commercial activity was a textile industry, now almost disappeared. Nowadays, the pillars of the economy are agriculture and other alimentary industries, and construction.

The city is famous for its sausages and other pork derivatives, especially fuet, a thin cured sausage. Pork' is the Culinary name for Meat from the domestic Pig ( Sus scrofa) often specifically the fresh meat but can be used as an all-inclusive Fuet is a Catalan thin cured dry Sausage of Pork meat in a pork gut The making of cured sausages and cold meats stems from the Vic plain's long tradition of pig farming.

Sights and monuments

It is disputed whether the Church of Sant Pere Apòstol or Sta. Maria la Rodona [1] was the first cathedral church. For centuries the bishops celebrated the first Christmas Mass in this church, and the third in that of Sant Pere.

The very ancient Church of S. Maria was rebuilt from the foundations by Canon Guillem Bonfil in 1140, and consecrated forty years later by Bishop Pere Retorta. In 1787 it was demolished to make room for the new Cathedral. Bishop Jordi (915- 38) reconsecrated the Church of Ripoll and also consecrated that of Sta. Maria de Manresa.

The original cathedral, which had but a single nave, thick walls, and few windows, was replaced by that built by Bishop Oliva. As early as the thirteenth century Bishop Raimond d'Anglesola wrote a pastoral letter exhorting his people to contribute towards repairing the cathedral. In 1401 Bishop Diego de Heredia added a transept, and in 1585 the door of Sant Joan was added, but the necessity of a complete reconstruction was soon recognized, and towards the end of the eighteenth century the building was torn down, and the corner stone of the new one was laid on 24 September, 1781. It was consecrated on 15 September, 1803. It is classic in design, a combination of Doric and Tuscan, with a facade of white stone enriched with a beautiful balustrade. It has three entrances, corresponding to the three naves, and colossal statutes of its six patrons. The interior is Corinthian. All the monuments and altars were destroyed when the old church was demolished, except the high altar which is of alabaster, in the Gothic style, and was given early in the fifteen century by D. Bernat Despujol. Among the chapels that of St. Bernat Calvó (1233-43), who assisted James I of Aragon in the conquest of Valencia, deserves special mention. James I the Conqueror ( Catalan: Jaume el Conqueridor, Aragonese: Chaime lo Conqueridor, Spanish: Jaime el Conquistador The Christian Kingdom of Valencia, located in the Eastern shore of the Iberian Peninsula, was one of the component realms of the Crown of Aragon. The two-storied Gothic cloister is exceedingly beautiful. A handsome Gothic doorway leading to the chapter house has been preserved.

The conciliar seminary was begun in 1635 by Gaspar Gil and was finally finished, by command of Pope Benedict XIV, by Manuel Muñoz in 1748. Pope Benedict XIV ( March 31, 1675 &ndash May 3, 1758) born Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, was Pope from August 17 The modern seminary is located in the former Jesuit College. It has sent out many famous men, among them Balmes and the poet Jacint Verdaguer, author of "L'Atlàntida". Jacint Verdaguer i Santaló (Folgueroles May 17, 1845 - Vallvidrera June 10, 1902) is one of the greatest poets of Catalan literature L'Atlàntida is an 1877 poem in Catalan by Jacint Verdaguer. It comprises an introduction ten books and a conclusion dealing with the wanderings The episcopal palace was destroyed in the wars of 1640 and rebuilt by degrees, being completed by Bishop Veyan. The archaeological museum is in this building.

Manresa, where St. Ignatius Loyola wrote his Spiritual Exercises, is situated in the Diocese of Vic. Saint Ignatius redirects here for other Saints see Ignatius. Ignatius of Loyola, also known as Íñigo Oñaz López de Loyola His memory is venerated in the Santa Cova, which has been converted into a church, and a magnificent college of the Jesuits built near it. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order

Demography

1900 1930 1950 1970 1986 2007
12,075 15,005 16,975 25,906 28,583 38,321

Miscellaneous

The University of Vic never attained to any great importance; it is not known when or by whom it was founded. King Philip II granted it the privilege of conferring degrees, but only in philosophy and the arts (1599). after he farted he ate chicken and farted some more Philip III (Felipe III April 14, 1578 &ndash March 31, 1621) was the King Philip V, in the Corts of Barcelona (1702), granted it the power to confer degrees in theology and other higher sciences. Philip V of Spain ( December 19, 1683 - July 9, 1746) born Philippe de France, Fils de France and duc d'Anjou

The greatest glory of Vic of modern times is Jaume Balmes, the foremost Spanish philosopher of the nineteenth century, whose remains are interred in the cloister of the cathedral. Jaume Balmes Urpià ( August 28, 1810 &mdash July 9, 1848) Spanish ecclesiastic eminent as a political writer and a philosopher His first centenary was celebrated at Vic by a Catholic Congress.

Other celebrated natives of Vic include:

On 2005-12-22, some inhabitants of the city won a total prize of about 500 million euros in the Spanish Christmas Lottery. The Order of the Holy Trinity (or Trinitarians) is a Catholic Religious order that was founded in the area of Cerfroid, some 80 km northeast Saint Michael de Sanctis ( September 29, 1591 - April 10, 1625) sometimes called Michael of the Saints was a Discalced Josep Sadoc Alemañy i Concill OP ( 3 July 1814 - 14 April 1888) was a Spanish Catalan American Roman Catholic The Roman Catholic Archbishop of San Francisco is the Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church in San Francisco, California in the United States Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e The ticket numbers The Christmas Lottery is based on tickets which have 5-digit numbers just like the [3]


See also

Sources and references

  1. ^ Sta. Maria la Rodona archaeological site and history
  2. ^ (1967) Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. This is a list of the municipalities in the province of Barcelona in the Autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. Osona, or Ausona (in Latin and Castilian) was one of the Catalan counties of the Marca Hispanica in the Early Marquis Who's Who.  
  3. ^ Spanish town wins big in lottery, CNN, December 22, 2005. Archived on the Internet Archive January 16, 2006. The Internet Archive ( IA) is a Nonprofit organization dedicated to maintaining an on-line Library and archive of Web and

External links

Barcelona is a province of eastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia.

Dictionary

Vic

-proper noun

  1. A diminutive of the male given name Victor.
  2. A diminutive of the female given name Victoria.
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