| Viaduct | |
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| Milton Viaduct in Ayrshire is the oldest surviving railway bridge in Scotland | |
| Ancestor: | Trestle bridge, Box girder bridge |
| Related: | None |
| Descendant: | None |
| Carries: | traffic, rail |
| Span range: | Short (multiple) |
| Material: | reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, masonry |
| Movable: | No |
| Design effort: | medium |
| Falsework required: | Yes, if cast-in-place reinforced or prestressed concrete is used, which is typical for freeway overpasses |
A viaduct is a bridge composed of several small spans. A box girder bridge is a Bridge where the main beams comprise Girders in the shape of a hollow box Traffic on Roads may consist of Pedestrians ridden or herded Animals Vehicles Streetcars and other Conveyances either singly "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. Reinforced concrete is Concrete in which reinforcement bars (" Rebars quot or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen a material that would otherwise be Prestressed concrete is a method for overcoming the Concrete 's natural weakness in tension. Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar, and the term "masonry" can also refer to the units themselves Falsework consists of temporary structures used in Construction to support spanning or arched structures in order to hold the component in place until its construction is sufficiently A bridge is a Structure built to span a Gorge, Valley, Road, railroad track, River, Body of water The term viaduct is derived from the Latin via for road and ducere to lead something. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. However, the Ancient Romans did not use that term per se; it is a modern derivation from an analogy with aqueduct. An aqueduct is an artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another Like the Roman aqueducts, many early viaducts comprised a series of arches of roughly equal length. Viaducts may span land or water or both, as in the viaduct in Faribault, Minnesota. Faribault (fɛriboʊ is a city in Rice County, Minnesota, United States.
Many viaducts over land connect points of similar height in a landscape, usually by bridging a river valley or other eroded opening in an otherwise flat area. In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is Often such valleys have roads descending either side (with a small bridge over the river, where necessary) that become inadequate for the traffic load, necessitating a viaduct for through traffic. [1] Such bridges also lend themselves for use by rail traffic, which requires straighter and flatter routes. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. [2]
Viaducts over water are often combined with other types of bridges or tunnels to cross navigable waters. The viaduct sections, while less expensive to design and build than tunnels or bridges with larger spans, typically lack sufficient horizontal and vertical clearance for large ships.
The Millau Viaduct is a cable-stayed road-bridge that spans the valley of the River Tarn near Millau in southern France. The Millau Viaduct (le Viaduc de Millau) is a large cable-stayed road-bridge that spans the valley of the River Tarn near Millau The Tarn River ( tarnis in Latin; hypothetical meaning rapid or walled in) is a long River in southern France ( Millau (Occitan Milhau is a commune in the department of Aveyron in southern France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Designed by French bridge engineer Michel Virlogeux, in collaboration with architect Norman Robert Foster, it is the tallest vehicular bridge in the world, with one pier's summit at 343 metres (1,125 ft)—slightly taller than the Eiffel Tower and only 38 m (125 ft) shorter than the Empire State Building. Dr Michel Virlogeux (born 1946 La Flèche, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire) is a French Structural engineer and Bridge specialist Norman Robert Foster Baron Foster of Thames Bank, OM, FRIBA, RDI, (born 1 June 1935) is a British architect whose company The Eiffel Tower (Tour Eiffel /tuʀ ɛfɛl/ is an Iron Tower built The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco Skyscraper in New York City at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street It was formally dedicated on 14 December 2004 and opened to traffic two days later. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The bridge, according to many observers, is one of the most breathtaking ever built.
In Romance languages, the word viaduct refers to a bridge which spans only land. The Romance languages (sometimes referred to as Romanic languages, or Neolatin languages) are a branch of the Indo-European language family comprising all A bridge spanning water is called ponte.
Gallery
 The viaduct at Porthkerry Park near Cardiff International Airport, Barry, Wales |
 The Göltzschtalbrücke is the largest brick viaduct in the world. Porthkerry Park is a large public Country park on the coast of Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan in south Wales. Cardiff International Airport (Maes Awyr Rhyngwladol Caerdydd is the main airport for Wales serving around 2 million people in Cardiff and the rest of South and Barry (Y Barri is a Town in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. Located along the northern coast of the Bristol Channel less than 7 miles (11 kilometers Göltzschtalbrücke ( Göltzsch valley bridge) is the largest Brick bridge in the world |
 The Ribblehead Viaduct lies on the Settle-Carlisle Railway in England. History The S&C had its origins in railway politics the expansion-minded Midland Railway company was locked in dispute with the rival London and North Western Railway England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland |
 The Oresund Bridge, spanning the Oresund strait between Denmark and Sweden, uses a cable-stayed span and a tunnel section in addition to the viaduct to avoid blocking shipping traffic. The Oresund Bridge ( Danish Øresundsbroen, Swedish Öresundsbron, joint hybrid name Øresundsbron) is a combined two-track rail Øresund or The Sound (Øresund Öresund is the Strait that separates the Danish island Zealand (Danish Sjælland) from the The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. A A tunnel is an underground passageway The definition of what constitutes a tunnel is not universally agreed upon |
 The Alaskan Way Viaduct in Seattle allows a high traffic volume to share a limited space. The Alaskan Way Viaduct, completed on April 4 1953 is an elevated section of State Route 99 that runs along the Elliott Bay waterfront in Seattle's |
 Millau Viaduct, spanning the valley of the River Tarn near Millau in southern France. Puxi ( is the largest section of Shanghai, China, home to approximately 90% of Shanghai's residents Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million The Millau Viaduct (le Viaduc de Millau) is a large cable-stayed road-bridge that spans the valley of the River Tarn near Millau The Tarn River ( tarnis in Latin; hypothetical meaning rapid or walled in) is a long River in southern France ( Millau (Occitan Milhau is a commune in the department of Aveyron in southern France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. |
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References
- ^ Brownlee, Christy (March 2005) "Taking the high road: France's new bridge helps a small town dodge traffic--and set a new world record" SuperScience 16(6): pp. 12-15;
- ^ Davidsen, Judith (April 1993) "A new "lite" rail viaduct formula: Norman Foster designs a rapid-transit viaduct for Rennes, France" Architectural Record 181(4): p. 26;
- ^ Roscoe, Thomas (1839). The London and Birmingham Railway; with the . . . . etc. , Pub. Charles Lilt. London. Facing p. 117.
See also
- Category:Viaducts - for all articles about specific viaducts.
- List of railway bridges and viaducts in the United Kingdom
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