Veterinary medicine is the application of medical, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles to companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife, and production animals. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Diagnosis is the identification by Process of elimination, of the nature of anything A pet is an Animal kept for companionship and enjoyment or a househeld animal as opposed to Livestock, Laboratory animals Working animals This is a list of animals that have been domesticated by Humans. An introduced species (also known as naturalized species or exotic species) is an Organism that is not indigenous to a given location but Livestock is the term used to refer (singularly or plurally to a Domesticated Animal intentionally reared in an agricultural setting to produce such as Food Veterinary science is vital to the study and protection of animal production practices, herd health and monitoring the spread of disease. A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly It requires the acquisition and application of scientific knowledge in multiple disciplines and uses technical skills directed at disease prevention in both domestic and wild animals.
Veterinary science helps safeguard human health through the careful monitoring of livestock, companion animal and wildlife health. Emerging zoonotic diseases around the globe require capabilities in epidemiology and infectious disease surveillance and control that are particularly well-suited to veterinary science's "herd health" approach. Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the Health and Illness of populations and serves as the foundation and Logic of interventions made in the An infectious disease is a clinically evident Disease resulting from the presence of Pathogenic microbial agents including Pathogenic viruses Pathogenic
Veterinary medicine is informally as old as the human/animal bond but in recent years has expanded exponentially because of the availability of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for most species. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus Exponential growth (including Exponential decay) occurs when the growth rate of a mathematical function is proportional to the function's current value In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. Animals nowadays often receive advanced medical, dental, and surgical care including insulin injections, root canals, hip replacements, cataract extractions, and pacemakers. Dentistry' is the "evaluation diagnosis prevention and/or treatment (nonsurgical surgical or related procedures of diseases disorders and/or conditions of the oral cavity Surgery (from the χειρουργική cheirourgikē, via chirurgiae meaning "hand work" is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental Insulin is a Hormone with intensive effects on both metabolism and several other body systems (eg vascular compliance A root canal is the commonly used term for the main canals within the Dentin of the tooth Hip replacement, also hip Arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which the Hip joint is replaced by a prosthetic implant. Cataract surgery is the removal of the lens of the Eye (also called "crystalline" that has developed an opacification which is referred to as a For other uses see Pacemaker (disambiguation A pacemaker (or artificial pacemaker, so as not to be confused with the heart's natural pacemaker
Veterinary specialization has become more common in recent years. Currently 20 veterinary specialties are recognized by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), including anesthesiology, behavior, dermatology, emergency and critical care, internal medicine, cardiology, oncology, ophthalmology, neurology, radiology and surgery. The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA founded in 1863 is a not-for-profit association representing more than 76000 U Anesthesia, or anaesthesia (see spelling differences; from Greek grc αν- an-, "without" and grc αἲσθησις Behavior or behaviour (see spelling differences) refers to the actions or Reactions of an object or Organism, usually Dermatology (from Greek grc δέρμα derma, "skin" and grc -λογία -logia) is a branch of Medicine dealing with Emergency Medicine is a speciality of Medicine that focuses on the Diagnosis and treatment of acute illnesses and injuries that require immediate medical attention Internal medicine is the medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis management and nonsurgical treatment of unusual or serious diseases Cardiology (from Greek grc καρδίᾱ kardiā, "heart" and grc -λογία -logia) is the branch of Internal medicine Oncology is the branch of medicine that studies Tumors ( Cancer) and seeks to understand their development diagnosis treatment and prevention Ophthalmology is the branch of Medicine which deals with the diseases and surgery of the visual pathways including the Eye, Brain Radiology is the medical specialty directing Medical imaging technologies to diagnose and treat diseases Surgery (from the χειρουργική cheirourgikē, via chirurgiae meaning "hand work" is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental In order to become a specialist, a veterinarian must complete additional training after graduation from veterinary school in the form of an internship and residency and then pass a rigorous examination. A veterinary school is a tertiary educational institution or part of such an institution which is involved in the education of Veterinarians To become a veterinarian A medical intern is a term used for a Physician in training who has completed Medical school. Residency is a stage of graduate medical training. A resident physician or resident is a person who has received a Medical degree ( MD
Veterinarians assist in ensuring the quality, quantity, and security of food supplies by working to maintain the health of livestock and inspecting the meat itself. A veterinarian ( American English) or a Veterinary surgeon ( British English) often shortened to vet, is a Physician Food is any substance usually composed primarily of Carbohydrates Fats water and/or Proteins that can be eaten or drunk by an In modern English usage meat most often refers to Animal tissue used as food mostly Skeletal muscle and associated Fat, but it may also refer Veterinary scientists occupy important positions in biological, chemical, agricultural and pharmaceutical research. Veterinary medicine the application of medical, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles to companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Agricultural science is a broad multidisciplinary field that encompasses the parts of exact natural economic and Social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding The pharmaceutical sciences are a group of Interdisciplinary areas of study involved with the design action delivery disposition and use of Drugs This field draws
In many countries, equine veterinary medicine is also a specialized field. Clinical work with horses involves mainly locomotor and orthopedic problems, digestive tract disorders (including equine colic, which is a major cause of death among domesticated horses), and respiratory tract infections and disease. The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. The musculoskeletal system (also known as the locomotor system is an organ system that gives Animals the ability to physically move using the Muscles and Orthopedic surgery or orthopedics (also spelled orthopaedics) is the branch of Surgery concerned with injuries to or conditions involving the Colic in Horses is defined as Abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis
Zoologic medicine, which encompasses the healthcare of zoo and wild animal populations, is another veterinary specialty that has grown in importance and sophistication in recent years as wildlife conservation has become more urgent. A zoological garden, shortened to zoo, is an institution in which living animals are exhibited in captivity
As in the human health field, veterinary medicine (in practice) requires a diverse group of individuals to meet the needs of patients. North Smithfield is a town in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States, settled as a farming community in the 17th century and incorporated Veterinarians must complete four years of study in a veterinary school following 3–4 years of undergraduate pre-veterinary work. In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. They then must sit for examination in those states in which they wish to become licensed practitioners. Veterinarians are expected to diagnose and treat disease in a variety of different species without benefit of verbal communication with their patients. In addition to veterinarians, many veterinary hospitals utilize a team of veterinary technicians and veterinary assistants to provide care for sick as well as healthy animals. A veterinary technician, (also called a vet tech, veterinary nurse or vet nurse) is a person trained and licensed to assist Veterinarians Veterinary technicians are, essentially, veterinary nurses and are graduates of two or four year college-level programs and are legally qualified to assist veterinarians in many medical procedures. Veterinary assistants are not licensed by most states, but can be well-trained through programs offered in a variety of technical schools.
See also
- Cattle Health Initiative (British)
External links
- American Veterinary Medical Association Official Site, website providing information about the veterinary medical profession
- VetExplorer, collaborative veterinary portal with online services for veterinarians. The British Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA has funded 27 Farm Health Planning projects known as the Cattle Health Project.
- Ask Now , website for locating Human Medical and Health and Veterinary Information
- American Animal Hospital Association Official Site, website for locating companion animal hospitals
- International Veterinary Clinic Directory, website directory of veterinary clinic all the whole world
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