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Vertigo

Original VistaVision film poster
designed by Saul Bass
Directed byAlfred Hitchcock
Produced byUncredited:
Alfred Hitchcock
Written byNovel:
Boileau-Narcejac
Screenplay:
Alec Coppel
Samuel A. Taylor
StarringJames Stewart
Kim Novak
Barbara Bel Geddes
Tom Helmore
Music byBernard Herrmann
CinematographyRobert Burks, ASC
Editing byGeorge Tomasini
Distributed by1958-1982
Paramount Pictures
1983-present:
Universal Pictures
Non-USA 1996:
United International Pictures
Release date(s)May 9, 1958
(U. Saul Bass ( May 8, 1920 — April 25, 1996) was an American Graphic designer and Academy Award -winning filmmaker Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 Boileau-Narcejac is the name by which Pierre Boileau ( Paris, 28 april 1906 - Beaulieu-sur-Mer, 1989 and Pierre Ayraud, Samuel A Taylor ( June 13, 1912 &ndash May 26, 2000) was an American Playwright and Screenwriter. James Maitland Stewart (20 May 1908 – 2 July 1997 popularly known as Jimmy Stewart, was an American Film and stage Actor Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933) is an American actress, who was one of her nation's most popular movie stars in the late 1950s Barbara Bel Geddes ( October 31, 1922 – August 8, 2005) was an Oscar -nominated American Actress, Artist Tom Helmore ( 4 January, 1904 &ndash 12 September, 1995) was an English Film Actor. Bernard Herrmann ( June 29, 1911 &ndash December 24, 1975) was an American composer noted for his work in Motion pictures. Cinematographer Robert Burks, ASC ( 4 July 1909 - 13 May 1968) was an American Cinematographer known for being proficient George Tomasini (April 20 1909 – November 22 1964 was an American Film editor, born in Springfield Massachusetts, who worked very closely with film Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. Universal Studios (sometimes called Universal Pictures or Universal City Studios) a subsidiary of NBC Universal, is a major Global American United International Pictures (or UIP; now known as Paramount Pictures International) is a Joint venture of Paramount Pictures (owned by Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. S. A. )
Running time128 minutes
LanguageEnglish
BudgetUS$2,479,000
Allmovie profile
IMDb profile

Vertigo (1958) is a psychological thriller directed by Alfred Hitchcock, and starring James Stewart, Kim Novak, and Barbara Bel Geddes. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been The year 1958 in film involved some significant events Events February 16- " In the Money " by William Psychological thriller is a specific sub-genre of the wide-ranging thriller genre Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 James Maitland Stewart (20 May 1908 – 2 July 1997 popularly known as Jimmy Stewart, was an American Film and stage Actor Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933) is an American actress, who was one of her nation's most popular movie stars in the late 1950s Barbara Bel Geddes ( October 31, 1922 – August 8, 2005) was an Oscar -nominated American Actress, Artist The film tells the story of a retired policeman who falls in love with a mysterious woman he has been hired to follow. Although it received mixed reviews on its first release, it has since gained in esteem and is frequently listed among the greatest films ever made. While there is no agreement upon the greatest Film of all time many publications and organizations have tried to determine the films considered the greatest ever. It is widely regarded as the middle installment in a gripping Hitchcock trilogy about voyeurism, starting with Rear Window (1954) and ending with Psycho (1960 film) (1960). A trilogy is a set of three works of art usually Literature, Film, or Video games, that are connected and can be seen either as a single work or three Voyeurism is the sexual interest in spying on people engaged in intimate behaviors such as undressing sexual activity or urinating Rear Window is a Suspense film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, based on Cornell Woolrich 's Short story It Had to Be Murder Psycho is a suspense / Horror film directed by auteur Alfred Hitchcock, from the Screenplay by Joseph

Contents

Plot

San Francisco detective John "Scottie" Ferguson (James Stewart) develops acrophobia (an extreme fear of heights) after a fellow police officer (Fred Graham) falls to his death during a rooftop chase. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city James Maitland Stewart (20 May 1908 – 2 July 1997 popularly known as Jimmy Stewart, was an American Film and stage Actor Acrophobia (from Greek, meaning "summit" is an extreme or irrational Fear of Heights It belongs to a category of Specific Fred Graham (1908 – 1979 was an American Actor and Stuntman, who performed in scores of films from the 1930s His acrophobia causes vertigo. Vertigo (from the Latin vertere, to turn and the suffix -igo, a condition i He is forced to retire from police work, and is unable even to stand on a step-stool in the apartment of his friend Marjorie "Midge" Wood (Barbara Bel Geddes) without being paralyzed by fear and dizziness. Barbara Bel Geddes ( October 31, 1922 – August 8, 2005) was an Oscar -nominated American Actress, Artist

Madeleine Elster (Kim Novak), staring at a portrait of Carlotta Valdes at the Legion of Honor in San Francisco
Madeleine Elster (Kim Novak), staring at a portrait of Carlotta Valdes at the Legion of Honor in San Francisco

Scottie is later hired as a private detective by an old college acquaintance, Gavin Elster (Tom Helmore), who wants his beautiful blond wife Madeleine Elster (Kim Novak) followed. Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933) is an American actress, who was one of her nation's most popular movie stars in the late 1950s The California Palace of the Legion of Honor (often abbreviated to simply Legion of Honor by locals is a Fine art Museum in San Francisco California A private investigator or private detective (often shortened to PI or private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake Tom Helmore ( 4 January, 1904 &ndash 12 September, 1995) was an English Film Actor. Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933) is an American actress, who was one of her nation's most popular movie stars in the late 1950s Elster is worried that she appears to have symptoms of a mental illness or spiritual possession. Mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual and is thought to cause distress or disability that is not expected as Spirit possession is a concept of Paranormal, Supernatural and/or Superstitious belief in which spirits, gods, daemons Scottie tails Madeleine, who spends her days visiting the grave and painting of Carlotta Valdes, a woman who killed herself one hundred years earlier. Scottie notices that Madeleine is wearing her hair exactly like Carlotta and that she wanders the city in a trance-like, obsessive state.

In spite of the detective's former romantic involvement with Midge – they were even engaged for three weeks – Scottie is strongly attracted to Madeleine. He follows her to Fort Point at the foot of the Golden Gate Bridge, where she jumps into San Francisco Bay in what appears to be a suicide attempt. Fort Point is located at the southern side of the Golden Gate at the entrance to San Francisco Bay. The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension Bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean San Francisco Bay is a shallow productive Estuary through which water draining from approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento Scottie saves her and brings her to his apartment. On the phone with Gavin, Scottie learns that Carlotta was twenty-six when she killed herself, Madeleine's current age.

Scottie and Madeleine at Big Basin Redwoods State Park.
Scottie and Madeleine at Big Basin Redwoods State Park. Big Basin Redwoods State Park is a State park in the US state of California, located in Santa Cruz County about 36 km (23 miles

When Madeleine and Scottie take a trip to see coastal redwoods at Big Basin Redwoods State Park, she enters into a reverie and experiences what appears to be Carlotta's past. Big Basin Redwoods State Park is a State park in the US state of California, located in Santa Cruz County about 36 km (23 miles She tells Scottie she has dreamed of Mission San Juan Bautista, and he takes her there in an effort to conquer her disturbing dreams. Other missions bearing the name San Juan Bautista include the Misión San Juan Bautista Malibat (Misión Liguí in Baja California Sur and the At the mission, Madeleine suddenly runs into the bell tower. Scottie's acrophobia prevents him from following her up the steep staircase. Through a window, he sees Madeleine plummet from the top of the tower to her death.

Scottie suffers a nervous breakdown and flees the scene. Mental breakdown (also known as nervous breakdown or snapping) is a non-medical term used to describe a sudden acute attack of Mental illness such as At the inquest into Madeleine's death, Scottie is cleared by the prosecution but severely criticized by the coroner for negligence, though Gavin reassures him, telling him that "we both know who really killed Madeleine", suggesting that she was possessed by Carlotta's spirit. A coroner is an official responsible for investigating deaths particularly some of those happening under unusual circumstances and determining the cause of death Gavin tells Scottie that he intends to cope with his grief by leaving San Francisco to travel the world. Scottie's depression worsens and he is placed in a mental hospital, where he descends into catatonic passivity and suffers from terrifying nightmares. Major depressive disorder, also known as major depression, unipolar depression, unipolar disorder, clinical depression, or simply depression Catatonic is a syndrome of psychic and motoric-disturbances In the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association Midge tries to console him but realizes that he is still in love with Madeleine.

Much later, Scottie, still brooding, begins to haunt the places where he had been with Madeleine. On one visit, he encounters a woman, Judy Barton, who bears a strong resemblance to Madeleine, although she has darker hair. In fact, in her looks, speech and deportment she seems quite vulgar in comparison with Madeleine's refined beauty. However, Scottie follows Judy to her hotel room, where she reluctantly tells him her story; she is a simple girl from Salina, Kansas, making a life for herself in San Francisco after a series of bad relationships. Salina (pronounced /səˈlaɪnə/) is a city in and the County seat of Saline County, Kansas, United States.

However, after Scottie leaves, the truth is revealed; Judy writes him a letter in which she admits (in flashback) that she was in fact Madeleine. In history film television and other media a flashback (also called analepsis) is an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current Elster bribed her to act as a mentally unstable "Madeleine". The woman who fell from the tower was Elster's real wife, hurled, already dead, from the tower by her husband. Elster had hired Scottie to follow the false Madeleine simply in order to have someone reputable to corroborate his claims of his wife's suicidal tendencies. With no witnesses and Scottie's testimony supporting Madeleine's "insanity", Elster got away with murder by correctly calculating that Scottie's vertigo would prevent him from following "Madeleine" up the tower to see the truth. Having written the letter, Judy, who has already fallen in love with Scottie, and feels guilty for the pain she has caused him, destroys the letter almost as soon as she has written it.

Scottie becomes obsessed with Judy, but any romantic possibility between them is thwarted by his memory of Madeleine. Scottie insists that Judy dress like Madeleine; despite her protests, she eventually gives in. When Judy is completely made over as Madeleine, she goes back to her apartment, where Scottie is waiting. She deliberately tries to retain some hint of her own personality by not wearing her hair in Madeleine's style, but finally he persuades her to change even this small detail. She goes into the bathroom and emerges, just as Madeleine emerged from his bedroom – the film echoes the earlier scene – and as Scottie embraces her the past swirls about them and their relationship seems finally to be consummated, his obsession cured.

Scottie grows suspicious of Judy when he sees her wearing a red, jeweled pendant that he remembers Madeleine claiming to have inherited. He takes her to Mission San Juan Bautista and forces her to climb up the tower once more, telling her that he wants to re-enact the scene in which he failed to save Madeleine. As they inch to the top, she confesses the truth, and Scottie rages at her. (As he has now made it to the top of the tower, the emotional surge has conquered Scottie's acrophobia. )

Scottie (Jimmy Stewart) stands horrified on the ledge of Mission San Juan Bautista's bell tower.
Scottie (Jimmy Stewart) stands horrified on the ledge of Mission San Juan Bautista's bell tower. James Maitland Stewart (20 May 1908 – 2 July 1997 popularly known as Jimmy Stewart, was an American Film and stage Actor

Judy pleads to Scottie that she does love him, and his anger abates. The two embrace and the music begins to swell before, suddenly, a shadowy figure appears at the top of the stairs. Judy, frightened, backs away from the approaching shadow and steps backwards off the tower ledge, plunging to her death. The figure, a nun, whispers, "God, have mercy," and rings the tower bell as Scottie stares down at Judy's fallen body; the emotional shock has cured his vertigo – but at a terrible cost. A Nun is a Woman who has taken special vows committing her to a religious life

A coda to the film, a 1-minute scene, was shot that showed a more-or-less healed Scottie and Midge listening to a radio report (with unseen San Francisco radio announcer Dave McElhatton giving the report) of Gavin Elster's capture in Europe. Dave McElhatton is a former evening news anchor for several decades in San Francisco California, in the United States This ending was mandated by European censorship requirements, however, and was not featured in the American cut of the film -- it is included as an extra in the restored DVD release.

Adaptation

The screenplay is an adaptation of the French novel Sueurs froides: d'entre les morts ("Cold Sweat: From Among the Dead") by Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac. See also Pre-production Screenwriting A screenplay or script is a written plan authored by a Screenwriter, for a Film or Television Sueurs froides d'entre les morts ( Cold Sweat From Among the Dead) is a 1954 roman policier (crime novel by Pierre Boileau and Pierre Ayraud aka Boileau-Narcejac is the name by which Pierre Boileau ( Paris, 28 april 1906 - Beaulieu-sur-Mer, 1989 and Pierre Ayraud, Boileau-Narcejac is the name by which Pierre Boileau ( Paris, 28 april 1906 - Beaulieu-sur-Mer, 1989 and Pierre Ayraud, Hitchcock had previously tried to buy the rights to the same authors' previous novel, Celle qui n'était plus, but he failed, and it was made instead by Henri-Georges Clouzot as Les Diaboliques[1]. Henri-Georges Clouzot ( November 20, 1907 - January 12, 1977) was a French Film director, Screenwriter and Les Diaboliques ( 1954) is a black-and-white film directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot, starring Simone Signoret and Véra Clouzot. Although François Truffaut once suggested that D'Entre les morts was specifically written for Hitchcock by Boileau and Narcejac,[2] Narcejac has subsequently denied that this was their intention. François Roland Truffaut ( February 6 1932 – October 21 1984) was one of the founders of the French New Wave in filmmaking However, Hitchcock's interest in their work meant that Paramount Pictures commissioned a synopsis of D'Entre les morts in 1954, before it had even been translated into English. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. [3]

Hitchcock originally hired playwright Maxwell Anderson to write a screenplay, but rejected his work, which was entitled Darkling I Listen. James Maxwell Anderson ( 15 December 1888 &ndash 28 February 1959) better known as Maxwell Anderson, was a Pulitzer Prize (Hitchcock scholar Dan Aulier calls Anderson's screenplay a "standard B detective picture". )[4] The final script was written by Samuel A. Taylor -- who was recommended to Hitchcock due to his knowledge of San Francisco -- [3] from notes by Hitchcock. Samuel A Taylor ( June 13, 1912 &ndash May 26, 2000) was an American Playwright and Screenwriter. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Among Taylor's creations was the character of Midge. [5] Taylor attempted to take sole credit for the screenplay, but Alec Coppel protested to the Screen Writers Guild, which determined that both writers were entitled to a credit. The Writers Guild of America is a generic term referring to the joint efforts of two different US labor unions The Writers Guild of America East (WGAE representing [6]

When actress Vera Miles, who was under personal contract to Hitchcock and had appeared on both his television show and in his film The Wrong Man, couldn't act in Vertigo due to pregnancy, the director declined to postpone shooting and cast Kim Novak as the feminine lead. Vera Miles (born Vera June Ralston; August 23, 1929) is an American actress known from such classic films as The Searchers The Wrong Man is a 1956 Film by Alfred Hitchcock which stars Henry Fonda and Vera Miles. Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933) is an American actress, who was one of her nation's most popular movie stars in the late 1950s (Ironically, by the time Novak had tied up prior film commitments and a vacation promised by Columbia Pictures, the studio that held her contract, Miles had completed her pregnancy and was available for the film. }} Columbia Pictures Industries Inc is an American Film production and distribution company Hitchcock proceeded with Novak, nevertheless. )

Musical score

Main article: Vertigo (film score)

In a 2004 special issue by Sight and Sound devoted to Film Music, Martin Scorsese described the qualities of Herrmann's famous score:

"Hitchcock's film is about obsession, which means that it's about circling back to the same moment, again and again . The music score for Alfred Hitchcock 's 1958 film Vertigo was composed by Bernard Herrmann between 3 January and 19 February Sight & Sound ( is a British monthly Film Magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI A film score is a broad term referring to the music in a film which is generally categorically separated from songs used within a film . . And the music is also built around spirals and circles, fulfilment and despair. Herrmann really understood what Hitchcock was going for – he wanted to penetrate to the heart of obsession. "[1]

Responses

Contemporary response

Vertigo premiered in San Francisco on 9 May 1958. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It performed averagely at the box office,[7] and reviews were mixed. Variety's "Stef" said the film showed Hitchcock's "mastery", but was too long and slow for "what is basically only a psychological murder mystery". [8] Similarly, the Los Angeles Times admired the scenery, but found the plot "too long" and felt it "bogs down" in "a maze of detail"; scholar Dan Aulier says that this review "sounded the tone that most popular critics would take with the film". The Los Angeles Times (also known as the LA Times) is a daily Newspaper published in Los Angeles California and distributed [9] However, the Los Angeles Examiner loved it, admiring the "excitement, action, romance, glamor and [the] crazy, off-beat love story". The Los Angeles Herald-Examiner was a major Los Angeles daily newspaper published Monday through Friday in the afternoon and in the morning on Saturdays and [10]

Additional reasons for the mixed response initially were that Hitchcock fans were not pleased with his departure from the romantic-thriller territory of earlier films and that the mystery was solved with one-third of the movie left to go. [11]

Vertigo was nominated for Academy Awards in two technical categories: Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Black-and-White or Color and Best Sound. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The Academy Awards are the oldest awards ceremony for achievements in motion pictures. The Academy Award for Sound Mixing is an Academy Award that recognizes the finest or most euphonic Sound mixing or recording

In an interview with Francois Truffaut, Hitchcock stated that Vertigo was one of his favorite films, with some reservations. François Roland Truffaut ( February 6 1932 – October 21 1984) was one of the founders of the French New Wave in filmmaking [12]

Re-evaluation

Scottie and Madeleine
Scottie and Madeleine

In the 1960s, the French Cahiers du cinéma critics began re-evaluating Hitchcock as a serious artist rather than just a populist showman. Cahiers du cinéma ( Notebooks on Cinema;) is an influential French Film Magazine founded in 1951 by André Bazin, However, even Francois Truffaut's important book of Hitchcock interviews mentions Vertigo very little. François Roland Truffaut ( February 6 1932 – October 21 1984) was one of the founders of the French New Wave in filmmaking Dan Aulier has suggested that the real beginning of Vertigo's rise in adulation was the British-Canadian scholar Robin Wood's Hitchcock's Films (1968), which calls the film "Hitchcock's masterpiece to date and one of the four or five most profound and beautiful films the cinema has yet given us". Robin Wood (born Robert Paul Wood on 23 February 1931, in Richmond London, England) is a Canada -based author of several [13] Adding to its mystique was the fact that Vertigo was one of five films owned by the Hitchcock estate that was removed from circulation in 1973. When Vertigo was re-released in theaters in October 1983, and then on home video in October 1984, it achieved an impressive commercial success and laudatory reviews. October events and holidays Children's Book Week ( England) - First Week of October National Day ( China People's Republic Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) October events and holidays Children's Book Week ( England) - First Week of October National Day ( China People's Republic Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) [14] Similarly adulatory reviews were written for the October 1996 of a restored print in 70mm and DTS sound at the Castro Theater in San Francisco. October events and holidays Children's Book Week ( England) - First Week of October National Day ( China People's Republic Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) 70 mm film (or 65 mm film) is a wide high-resolution film gauge of superior quality to standard 35 mm motion picture film format. DTS (also known as Digital Theater Systems) owned by DTS Inc ( is a multi-channel digital Surround sound format used for both commercial/theatrical The Castro Theatre is a popular San Francisco Movie palace and the 100th San Francisco City Historical Landmark [15]

In 1989, Vertigo was recognized as a "culturally, historically and aesthetically significant" film by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry, going in the first year of the registry's voting. The Library of Congress is the De facto National library of the United States and the research arm of the United States Congress The National Film Registry is the registry of Films selected by the United States National Film Preservation Board for preservation in the Library of

The film ranked 4th and 2nd respectively in Sight and Sound's poll of the best films ever made, in 1992 and 2002 respectively. Sight & Sound ( is a British monthly Film Magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI In 2005, Vertigo came in second (to Goodfellas) in British magazine Total Film's book, 100 Greatest Movies of All Time. Goodfellas (also spelled GoodFellas) is an Academy Award winning 1990 Crime drama film directed by Martin Scorsese Total Film, published by Future Publishing, is the United Kingdom 's second best-selling Film Magazine.

In 1998, the American Film Institute ranked the film #61 on its "100 Greatest movies" list. The American Film Institute ( AFI) is an independent Non-profit organization created by the National Endowment for the Arts, which was established in 1967 The first of the AFI 100 Years series of cinematic milestones AFI's 100 Years However, 10 years later, when a AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) was released to reflect changing cultural tastes, Vertigo catapulted into the top 10, reaching #9 on the list. AFI’s 100 Years100 Movies — 10th Anniversary Edition was the 2007 updated version of 100 Years… 100 Movies. AFI also ranked the film #18 on "AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions", and #18 on "AFI's 100 Years... 100 Thrills". Part of the AFI 100 Years series, AFI's 100 Years 100 Passions is a list of the top 100 love stories in American cinema Part of the AFI 100 Years series, AFI's 100 Years 100 Thrills is a list of the top 100 thrilling movies in American cinema

Restoration

James Stewart as Scottie watching the Kim Novak character at the Legion of Honor
James Stewart as Scottie watching the Kim Novak character at the Legion of Honor

In 1996, the film was given a lengthy and controversial restoration by Robert A. Harris and James C. Katz and re-released to theaters. Robert A Harris is a film historian and preservationist who specializes in restoring the large-format widescreen films of the 1950s James C Katz is a film historian and preservationist who has restored and reconstructed a number of classic films The new print featured restored color and newly created audio, utilizing modern sound effects mixed in DTS digital surround sound. DTS (also known as Digital Theater Systems) owned by DTS Inc ( is a multi-channel digital Surround sound format used for both commercial/theatrical It was also exhibited for the first time in 70mm, a format similar in size to the VistaVision in which it had been originally filmed. 70 mm film (or 65 mm film) is a wide high-resolution film gauge of superior quality to standard 35 mm motion picture film format. VistaVision is a variant of the 35 mm motion picture film format created by Paramount Pictures in 1954 based on the Glamorama and Superama

One bone of contention regarding the 1996 restoration was the decision to re-record the Foley sound effects from scratch (to allow Dolby-quality mixing for surround sound and stereo). The Foley artist on a Film crew is the person who creates many of the natural everyday Sound effects in a film which are recorded during a session with a Recording Harris and Katz wanted to stay as close to possible to the original: "It was our intent to re-mix the original music tracks with dialogue culled from the old mono and new Foley and effects tracks, which were to have been created following Mr. Hitchcock's original notes. That was the intent. It is not what occurred, the studio having made the decision to re-invent the track anew. "[16] Harris and Katz sometimes added extra sound effects to camouflage defects in the old soundtrack ("hisses, pops and bangs"); in particular they added extra seagull cries and a foghorn to the scene at Cypress Point. Pebble Beach is a small coastal Unincorporated community in Monterey County, California. [17] The new mix has also been accused of putting too much emphasis on the score at the expense of the sound effects. The 2005 Hitchcock Masterpiece Collection DVD contains the original mono track as an option.

Significant color correction was necessary because of the fading of original negatives. In some cases a new negative was created from the silver separation masters, but in many instances this was impossible because of differential separation shrinkage, and because the 1958 separations were poorly made. Technicolor films use three individual layers of film: one for each of the primary colors. In the case of Vertigo, these three separate layers had shrunk in different and erratic proportions, making re-alignment impossible. As such, significant amounts of computer assisted coloration were necessary. Although the results are not noticeable on viewing the film, some elements were as many as eight generations away from the original negative.

When such large portions of re-creation become necessary, then the danger of artistic license by the restorers becomes an issue, and the restorers received some criticism for their re-creation of colors that allegedly did not honor the director and cinematographer's intentions. The restoration team argue that they did research on the colors used in the original locations, cars, wardrobe, and skin tones. One breakthrough moment came when the Ford Motor Company supplied a well-preserved green paint sample for a car used in the film. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following As the use of the color green in the film has artistic importance, matching a shade of green was a stroke of luck for restoration and provided a reference shade from which to work.

Filming locations

Filmed from September to December 1957, Vertigo is notable for its extensive location footage of the San Francisco Bay Area, with its famous steep hills, expansive views, and tall, arching bridges. The San Francisco Bay Area, commonly known as the Bay Area, or the Bay, is a geographically and ethnically diverse metropolitan region that surrounds the Some have noted that in the numerous driving scenes shot in the city, the main characters' cars are almost always pictured heading down the city's steeply inclined streets. In October 1996, the restored print of Vertigo debuted at the historic Castro Theatre in San Francisco with a live on-stage introduction by surviving cast member Kim Novak, providing the city a chance to celebrate itself. The Castro Theatre is a popular San Francisco Movie palace and the 100th San Francisco City Historical Landmark (Ironically, one shot of the film shows Novak's character driving up Castro Street and making a now-illegal left turn onto 17th Street on the way to the California Palace of the Legion of Honor. The California Palace of the Legion of Honor (often abbreviated to simply Legion of Honor by locals is a Fine art Museum in San Francisco California )

Visiting the San Francisco film locations has something of a cult following as well as modest tourist appeal. Such a tour is featured in a subsection of Chris Marker's documentary montage Sans Soleil. Chris Marker (born 29 July 1921 is a French Writer, Photographer, Film director, Multimedia artist and documentary maker Sans Soleil ( Sunless in English) is a 1983 film by French director Chris Marker.

Areas that were shot on location (not recreated in a studio):[18]

James Stewart
James Stewart
Kim Novak
Kim Novak

Cultural impact

References

  1. ^ Thomas Narcejac, 89, Author of Crime Novels. The New York Times (1998-07-05). Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. Retrieved on 2007-12-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican
  2. ^ Truffaut, François; Hitchcock, Alfred. François Roland Truffaut ( February 6 1932 – October 21 1984) was one of the founders of the French New Wave in filmmaking Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 Hitchcock. New York: Simon and Schuster. OCLC 273102. The OCLC Online Computer Library Center is according to its website a "nonprofit membership computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purpose  
  3. ^ a b Dan Aulier, Vertigo: The Making of a Hitchcock Classic (London: Titan Books, 1999), p. 30.
  4. ^ Dan Aulier, Vertigo: The Making of a Hitchcock Classic (London: Titan Books, 1999), p. 34.
  5. ^ Dan Aulier, Vertigo: The Making of a Hitchcock Classic (London: Titan Books, 1999), p. 51.
  6. ^ Dan Aulier, Vertigo: The Making of a Hitchcock Classic (London: Titan Books, 1999), p. 61-2.
  7. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, 174
  8. ^ Variety review, 14 June, 1958.
  9. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, 170-1.
  10. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, 172.
  11. ^ Sterritt, David. "At 50, Hitchcock's Timeless 'Vertigo' Still Offers a Dizzying Array of Gifts", The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 13, 2008. The Chronicle of Higher Education is a Newspaper that represents a source of news information and jobs for college and university faculty and administration  
  12. ^ Francois Truffaut, The Cinema According to Alfred Hitchcock (1967), revised edition known as Truffaut-Hitchcock (Simon & Schuster, 1985), p. 187
  13. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, 177.
  14. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, 190-1.
  15. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, 191.
  16. ^ Robert A. Harris, "Reply" in the thread "A few words about... the image and audio restoration of "Vertigo" and DVD", Home Theater Forum
  17. ^ Katz, qtd. by Aulier, Vertgo, 198.
  18. ^ Jeff Kraft and Aaron Leventhal, Footsteps in the Fog: Alfred Hitchcock's San Francisco (2002).
  19. ^ Aulier, Vertigo, p. 90.
  20. ^ Park Chan-wook, filmmaker. Retrieved on 2007-09-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France.
  21. ^ Jeremy Heilman. Review of Abre los Ojos. Retrieved on 2007-12-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican
  22. ^ What is the Matrix? Cinema, Totality, and Topophilia. Retrieved on 2007-09-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France.
  23. ^ http://www.drownedinsound.com/articles/12472

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Turner Classic Movies ( TCM) is a cable television channel featuring commercial -free classic movies mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner
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