| Venustiano Carranza | |
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46th President of Mexico
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| In office August 20, 1914 – May 21, 1920 |
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| Preceded by | Victoriano Huerta |
| Succeeded by | Alvaro Obregon |
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| Born | December 21, 1859 Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila |
| Died | May 21, 1920 (aged 60) Tlaxcalantongo, Puebla |
| Nationality | Mexican |
| Political party | Partido Demócrata Mexicano & Partido Liberal Constitucionalista |
| Spouse | Virginia Salinas |
For the delegación (borough) of the same name in Mexico City, please see: Venustiano Carranza, D.F.
Venustiano Carranza Garza (December 29, 1859 – May 21, 1920) was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. The Constitutional Citizen President of the United Mexican States (the official title in Spanish is Ciudadano Presidente Constitucional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos Events 636 - Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar José Victoriano Huerta Márquez ( Colotlán, Jalisco, December 22, 1850, &ndash January 13, 1916 in El Paso For other uses including places named after this person see Obregón. Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Cuatro Ciénegas is a city and municipality in the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of Mexico 's 31 component states. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Is a Mexican state located in the center east of the country to the east of Mexico City. Venustiano Carranza is one of the 16 delegaciones (boroughs into which Mexico 's Federal District is divided Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar The Mexican Revolution (Revolución Mexicana was a major armed struggle that started with an uprising led by Francisco I He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted. The Constitutional Citizen President of the United Mexican States (the official title in Spanish is Ciudadano Presidente Constitucional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos The Political Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1917 is the present Constitution of Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. He ultimately became the last President of the Revolution/Civil war era.
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Biography
Carranza was born in the town of Cuatro Ciénegas, in the state of Coahuila, to a middle-class cattle-ranching family. Cuatro Ciénegas is a city and municipality in the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of Mexico 's 31 component states. Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family His father, Jesús Carranza, had been a colonel in the army of Benito Juárez and a staunch supporter of Juárez's liberal party. Jesús Carranza Neira was a Mexican colonel from Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila. Colonel ( RP ˈkɜnəl GA ˈkɜrnəl is a Military rank of a Commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country Benito Pablo Juárez García (benit̪o paβ̞lo xwaɾes gaɾsia ( March 21, 1806 – July 18, 1872) was a Zapotec Amerindian
He studied at the Ateneo Fuente in Saltillo. In 1874 he went to the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria in Mexico City. Year 1874 ( MDCCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico
Venustiano Carranza was an early supporter of Francisco I. Madero's efforts to overthrow the Porfirio Díaz dictatorship, and when Madero formed his revolutionary cabinet he appointed Carranza Secretary of War and of the Navy. Francisco Indalecio Madero González ( October 30, 1873 &ndash February 22, 1913) was a politician writer and Revolutionary who served José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori was a Mexican politician ( September 15, 1830 – 2 July 1915) that would later become the president of Mexico After Victoriano Huerta's overthrow of the Madero regime, Carranza under the "Plan de Guadalupe" became the leader in the opposition revolt against Huerta. José Victoriano Huerta Márquez ( Colotlán, Jalisco, December 22, 1850, &ndash January 13, 1916 in El Paso Carranza's forces were known as the Constitutionalist Army, as he advocated reinstatement of the liberal Constitution of 1857. The 1857 Constitution was a liberal Constitution drafted in Mexico during the presidency of Ignacio Comonfort.
Also under the "Plan de Guadalupe" Carranza took charge of the executive branch on May 1, 1915. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year He introduced an independent judiciary, greater decentralization of power, and land reform under the ejido system. In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State Land reforms (also Agrarian reform, though that can have a broader meaning is an often- controversial alteration in the societal arrangements whereby government The ejido (from Latin exitum) system is a process whereby the government promotes the use of communal land shared by the people of the community Carranza was a man of great intelligence with wide knowledge of Mexican conditions and history. He was strongly built, wore round glasses and a large grey beard, giving him the appearance of a benevolent father figure.
In September 1916 Carranza saw the need for a new Constitution and called for a Constitutional convention. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year On March 11, 1917 Venustiano Carranza was elected the first president under the new Mexican Constitution of 1917. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Political Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1917 is the present Constitution of Mexico.
Fighting continued with factions who would not accept Carranza's rule, ranging from reactionary landowners and conservative Catholics to the forces of Emiliano Zapata and Francisco Villa for whom Carranza's reforms were too modest. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". Emiliano Zapata Salazar ( August 8, 1879 – April 10, 1919) was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, which broke out in Doroteo Arango Arámbula ( June 5 1878 &ndash July 20 1923) better known as Francisco or " Pancho " Villa Carranza ordered a bounty put on Zapata's head, leading to Zapata's assassination.
As his presidential term drew to a close, he supported a civilian Ignacio Bonillas as a candidate against General Álvaro Obregón for the following presidential elections. Ignacio Bonillas Frajio ( 1 February 1858 &ndash 23 June 1942) was a Mexican Diplomat. For other uses including places named after this person see Obregón. This earned him the resentment of the military and of some fellow revolutionaries, including Obregón, Plutarco Elías Calles, and Adolfo de la Huerta, who rebelled against Carranza's government. Plutarco Elías Calles ( September 25 1877 – October 19 1945) was a Mexican general and politician Felipe Adolfo de la Huerta Marcor ( 26 May 1881 &ndash 9 July 1955) was a Mexican politician and interim President of Mexico On April 8, 1920, a campaign aide to Obregon attempted to assassinate Carranza. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar After the failed attempt, Carranza was forced to flee Mexico City. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico
He set out towards Veracruz but was betrayed and assassinated in Tlaxcalantongo in the Sierra Norte of Puebla by the forces of General Rodolfo Herrero, supporter of Carranza's former allies, on May 21, 1920. The city of Veracruz is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. AssassiNation is the sixth album by Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. The Sierra Norte de Puebla &ndash known simply as the Sierra Norte by locals &ndash is a mountain chain that makes up the southern end of the Sierra Madre Oriental Rodolfo Herrera was a Mexican military officer noteworthy for his participation in the Mexican Revolution of 1910 to 1920 Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar
According to General Francisco L. Urquizo, Carranza's last words were: "Licenciado, ya me rompieron una pierna" which translates as "Lawyer, they have already broken one of my legs". (Carranza was referring to his partner, Licenciado Aguirre Berlanga, when he was ambushed and shot). [1]
References
- ^ Gen. Francisco L. Urquizo, De la vida militar mexicana (SEDENA, 1991) p. 228
Bibliography
- Enrique Krauze, Mexico: Biography of Power (Harper Collins, 1997) pp. Enrique Krauze Kleinbort (b September 16, 1947 in Mexico City) is a Mexican historian essayist and publisher 334-373.
External links
| Preceded by Francisco S. Carvajal |
Revolutionary Commander of Mexico 1914 |
Succeeded by Eulalio Gutiérrez |
| Preceded by Francisco Lagos Cházaro |
Revolutionary Commander of Mexico 1915–1917 |
Succeeded by became President |
| Preceded by Francisco S. Carvajal |
President of Mexico 1917–1920 |
Succeeded by Adolfo de la Huerta |
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