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The Vatican Mythographer (Latin: Mythographus Vaticanus), a major source of Greek mythology, is any of three anonymous authors, of a manuscript in the Vatican Library and in other manuscripts. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance The Vatican Library ( Latin: Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana) is the Library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. The pseudonym was given by Angelo Mai in 1831, when he published a first edition[1] of the author whom he designated the Vatican Mythographer, who is in fact only connected with the Vatican through a single manuscript, Vatican Reg. A pseudonym is a fictitious alternative to a person's legal name (see Alias) Angelo Mai ( March 7, 1782 &ndash September 8, 1854) was an Italian Cardinal and Philologist. lat. 1401,[2] in which his text is rendered in five mid-twelfth-century hands. Palaeography, palæography ( British) or paleography ( American) (from the Greek grc παλαιός palaiós,

Mai did not compare his text to any other manuscripts. Later readers separated out a Second and a Third Vatican Mythographer, whose texts were also represented in other manuscript traditions.

Though no Classical authors were directly quoted, two main sources stand out: Servius and the scholiast on Statius; for the modern reader who is not a specialist, the interest lies mainly in sources that have been lost, for which Mythographus Vaticanus is the only testament. "Servius" redirects here For the Roman king see Servius Tullius. A scholium, plural scholia (σχόλιον "comment" "lecture" is a grammatical, critical or explanatory comment either original or extracted Publius Papinius Statius (ca 45-96 was a Roman Poet of the Silver Age of Latin literature, born in Naples, Italy. The Vatican Mythographers aimed to provide a pared-down "fact-book" of mythology, stripped of nuance, not unlike the Fabulae of Hyginus, who, however, had provided no Roman stories and so could not suffice. Gaius Julius Hyginus (ca 64 BC &ndash AD 17 was a Latin author but whether a native of Spain or of Alexandria is not sure a pupil of the famous Taken together, the "Vatican Mythographers" provided a source-book for the myths of Greeks and Romans and their iconography through the Middle Ages and the Renaissance; their texts were copied in manuscripts as late as the fifteenth century. Iconography is the branch of Art history which studies the identification description and the interpretation of the content of images The Vatican Mythographer provided texts that were parsed allegorically to provide Christianized moral and theological implications, "until in time the pagan divinities blossomed into full-fledged vices and virtues" (Elliott 1947:191). An allegory (from αλλος allos "other" and el αγορευειν agoreuein "to speak in public" is a figurative mode of representation The historical phenomenon of Christianization (or Christianisation &mdash see spelling differences) the conversion of individuals to Christianity Their testimonia, sources and parallel passages provide central documents in tracing the transmission of Classical culture to the Medieval world, which is a major theme in the history of ideas in the West. "Testify" redirects here For other uses see Testify (disambiguation and Testimony (disambiguation. The history of ideas is a field of Research in History that deals with the expression preservation and change of human Ideas over time

The Second Vatican Mythographer and the Third Vatican Mythographer are distinguished by the fact that their texts, which appear in the Vatican manuscript published by Mai, also exist in other manuscripts, ten for the Second and more than forty for the Third Vatican Mythographer, who is the only writer of the three with a possible identity, one Alberic, perhaps working in London[3]

Angelo Mai made many slips in rapidly transcribing the manuscript under difficult conditions, and he was in the habit of substituting euphemisms where the original was too steamy to transcribe and publish, even in Latin. A revised, indexed edition of 1834, corrected by Georg H. Bode[4] without access to the Vatican manuscript, is the version that replaced Mai's first edition and has been represented in popular twentieth-century anthologies of Greek mythology, such as those by Edith Hamilton, Robert Graves or Karl Kerenyi. Edith Hamilton ( August 12, 1867 - May 31, 1963) was a German-American classicist, Educator, and Writer Robert Graves (24 July 1895 &ndash 7 December 1985 was an English Poet, Translator and Novelist. One of the founders of modern studies in Greek mythology, Károly (Carl Karl Kerényi ( January 19, 1897 &ndash April 14 1973 In 1947 the Vatican Mythographers were described as "highly deceptive sources which should be used with much caution". [5] Since then much modern work has been done to unravel the sources of the texts, which is represented in a new edition by Navio Zorzetti, 1995.

Nevio Zorzetti places the original text of the First Vatican Mythographer between the last quarter of the ninth century and the third quarter of the eleventh.

Notes

  1. ^ A. Mai, volume 3 of Class. auct. e Vat. codices (Rome) 1831.
  2. ^ "Reg. " refers to Regina Christina of Sweden, who donated her library of manuscripts to the Vatican. Christina (Kristina Augusta ( – 19 April 1689 later known as Christina Alexandra and sometimes Countess Dohna, was
  3. ^ At least twelve manuscripts bear the name Albericus, four adding the epithet Londiniensis; see also Zorzetti 1995.
  4. ^ G. H. Bode, Scriptores rerum mythicarum latini tres Romae nuper reperti, 2 vols. (Celle) 1834.
  5. ^ (Elliott 1947)

References

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