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Pope Sixtus IV appoints Bartolomeo Platina prefect of the Vatican Library, fresco by Melozzo da Forlì, c. 1477 (Vatican Museums)
Pope Sixtus IV appoints Bartolomeo Platina prefect of the Vatican Library, fresco by Melozzo da Forlì, c. Pope Sixtus IV ( July 21, 1414 &ndash August 12, 1484) born Francesco Della Rovere, was Pope from 1471 to 1484 Bartolomeo Platina, originally named Sacchi, (1421 in Piadena ( Platina in Latin) near Mantua &ndash 1481 in Rome Melozzo da Forlì (c 1438 - November 8, 1494) was an Italian Renaissance painter near the Umbrian school, the first who practised 1477 (Vatican Museums)

The Vatican Library (Latin: Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana) is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. The Vatican Museums (Musei Vaticani in Viale Vaticano in Rome, inside the Vatican City, are one of the greatest museums in the world since they display works Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. A library is a collection of information sources resources and services and the structure in which it is housed it is organized for use and maintained by a public body an institution The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory It is one of the oldest libraries and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from throughout history. A codex ( Latin for block of wood, Book; plural codices) is a book in the format used for modern books with separate pages normally [1] From July 2007 the library is temporarily closed to the public for rebuilding, which is expected to be completed by September 2010. [2].

Contents

Historical periods

Scholars have traditionally divided the history of the library into five periods. [3]

Establishing the Vatican library

Pope Nicholas V established the library in the Vatican in 1448 by combining some 350 Greek, Latin and Hebrew codices inherited from his predecessors with his own collection and extensive acquisitions, among them manuscripts from the imperial library of Constantinople. See also Antipope Nicholas V. Pope Nicholas V (Italian Niccolò V; November 15, 1397 &ndash March A codex ( Latin for block of wood, Book; plural codices) is a book in the format used for modern books with separate pages normally Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS The Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana was established in 1475. [1]

When its first librarian, Bartolomeo Platina, produced a listing in 1481, the library held over 3500 items, making it by far the largest in the Western world. Bartolomeo Platina, originally named Sacchi, (1421 in Piadena ( Platina in Latin) near Mantua &ndash 1481 in Rome Around 1587, Pope Sixtus V commissioned the architect Domenico Fontana to construct a new building for the library; it is still in use today. Pope Sixtus V ( December 13, 1521 &ndash August 27, 1590) born Felice Peretti di Montalto, was Pope from 1585 to 1590 Domenico Fontana (1543 &ndash June 28 1607) was a Swiss -born Italian Architect of the late Renaissance. Books were displayed on benches to which they were chained.

Bequests and acquisitions

The Sistine Hall of the Vatican Library.
The Sistine Hall of the Vatican Library.

The library was enriched by several bequests and acquisitions over the centuries.

In 1623, the hereditary Palatine Library of Heidelberg containing about 3500 manuscripts was given to the Vatican by Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria (who had just acquired it as booty in the Thirty Years War) in thanks for the adroit political maneuvers of Pope Gregory XV that had sustained him in his contests with Protestant candidates for the electoral seat. The Bibliotheca Palatina (" Palatinate library" of Heidelberg was the most important library of the German Renaissance, numbering approximately Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area Not to be confused with King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756-1825 prince-elector of Bavaria (as Maximilian IV Joseph. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. Pope Gregory XV ( January 9 or January 15, 1554 – July 8, 1623) born Alessandro Ludovisi, was pope from 1621 succeeding A token 39 of the Heidelberg manuscripts were sent to Paris in 1797 and were returned to Heidelberg at the Peace of Paris in 1815, and a gift from Pope Pius VII of 852 others was made in 1816, including the Codex Manesse. The Treaty of Paris of 1815 was signed on November 20, 1815, following the defeat and second abdication of Napoleon. Pope Pius VII, OSB (August 14 1740&mdashAugust 20 1823 born Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, was Pope from March 14 1800 to August The Codex Manesse, Manesse Codex, or Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift is an Illuminated manuscript in Codex Aside from that, the Palatine Library remains in the Vatican Library to this day.

In 1657, the manuscripts of the Dukes of Urbino were acquired. Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region in Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical In 1661 the Greek scholar Leo Allatius was made librarian. Leo Allatius ( Leone Allacci) (c 1586 - January 19, 1669) was an energetic Greek Catholic scholar and Theologian. Christina of Sweden saw to it that her library, which was for all practical purposes the entire royal library of Sweden of the time, became part of the Vatican Library on her death in 1689. Christina (Kristina Augusta ( – 19 April 1689 later known as Christina Alexandra and sometimes Countess Dohna, was

Current holdings

Today, the library holds some 75,000 manuscripts and over 1. 1 million printed books, which include some 8,500 incunabula. The Secret Vatican Archives were separated from the library at the beginning of the 17th century; they contain another 150,000 items. The Vatican Secret Archives ( Latin: Archivum Secretum Apostolicum Vaticanum) located in Vatican City, is the central repository for all of the acts promulgated As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar

Among the most famous holdings of the library is the Codex Vaticanus, the oldest known nearly complete manuscript of the Bible. The Codex Vaticanus ( The Vatican, Bibl Vat, Vat gr 1209 Gregory-Aland no Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin The Secret History of Procopius was discovered in the library and published in 1623. Procopius of Caesarea ( Προκόπιος ο Καισαρεύς, c

A commonly repeated urban legend has it that the Vatican Library holds the largest collection of pornography in the world. An urban legend or urban myth is a form of modern Folklore consisting of stories thought to be factual by those circulating them This is false; the library owns very few pornographic materials, largely file copies of works on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum. The Index Librorum Prohibitorum ("List of Prohibited Books" was a list of publications prohibited by the Roman Catholic Church. There are also a few mildly erotic works of art, but very little since the Renaissance. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere

The Vatican Library is a research library for history, law, philosophy, science and theology, open to anyone who can document their qualifications and their research needs to view the collection. Photocopies for private study of pages from books published between 1801 and 1990 can be requested in person or by mail.

The Library closed on 17 July 2007 until September 2010. [4]

A School of Library Science is associated with the Vatican Library. Library science is an Interdisciplinary Science incorporating the Humanities, Law and Applied science to study topics related to

In 1959, a Film Library was established. [1] This is not to be confused with the Vatican Film Library, which was established in 1953 in St. Louis, Missouri. This article is about the Film Library in St Louis Missouri For the one in the Vatican see Vatican Library The Knights of Columbus Vatican Film Library

Manuscripts

A miniature from the Syriac Gospel Lectionary (Vat. Syr. 559), created ca. 1220 near Mosul and exhibiting a strong Islamic influence.
A miniature from the Syriac Gospel Lectionary (Vat. Syr. 559), created ca. 1220 near Mosul and exhibiting a strong Islamic influence. For the village in Azerbaijan see Mosul Azerbaijan. Mosul (الموصل Al Mūṣul, Kurdish: Mosul/Ninawa, Musul

Notable manuscripts in the Library include:

Illuminated manuscripts:

Texts:

Librarians of Vatican Library since 1830

The office of Librarian of Vatican Library has been held at the same time as that of Archivist of Vatican Secret Archives since 1957. An illuminated manuscript is a Manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration such as decorated Initials borders and The Vergilius Vaticanus ( Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica, Cod The Vergilius Romanus ( Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica, Cod The Barberini Gospels is an illuminated Hiberno-Saxon Manuscript Gospel Book ( Rome, Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica The Joshua Roll is a Byzantine Illuminated manuscript of highly unusual format probably of the 10th century Macedonian Renaissance, believed to have been De Arte Venandi cum Avibus, literally "The Art of Hunting with Birds" is a treatise on Ornithology and Falconry written by in the 1240s in Latin by Vatican Croatian Prayer Book is the oldest Croatian vernacular prayer book and the finest example of early štokavian vernacular literary idiom The Codex Vaticanus ( The Vatican, Bibl Vat, Vat gr 1209 Gregory-Aland no Giuseppe (Andrea Albani ( September 13, 1750 - December 3, 1834) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal. Jean Baptiste Francois Pitra (1812 - 1889 was a French Catholic cardinal, Archaeologist and Theologian. Francis Aidan Gasquet, OSB ( 5 October, 1846 at Somers Town, England &ndash 5 April 1929 in Rome was an English Benedictine monk Franz Ehrle ( 17 October 1845, Isny, Kingdom of Württemberg, Germany - 31 March 1934, Rome) was a German Giovanni Mercati ( December 17, 1866 &mdash August 23, 1957) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church Eugène-Gabriel-Gervais-Laurent Tisserant ( March 24, 1884 &mdash February 21, 1972) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Antonio Cardinal Samoré ( December 4, 1905 &mdash February 3, 1983) was an Italian Prelate of the Roman Alfons Maria Stickler, SDB, JCD ( August 23, 1910 &ndash December 12, 2007) was an Austrian Cardinal Antonio María Cardinal Javierre Ortas SDB ( 21 February 1921 &ndash 1 February 2007) was a cardinal of the Catholic Luigi Cardinal Poggi (born November 25, 1917) is an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Jorge María Cardinal Mejía (born January 31, 1923 in Buenos Aires Argentina) is an Argentine Prelate of the Roman Jean-Louis Pierre Cardinal Tauran (born 3 April 1943) is a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Raffaele Cardinal Farina, SDB (born 24 September, 1933) is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. The Vatican Secret Archives ( Latin: Archivum Secretum Apostolicum Vaticanum) located in Vatican City, is the central repository for all of the acts promulgated Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar)

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Vatican Film Library informational pamphlet
  2. ^ See "Vatican Library closure irks scholars", BBC news.
  3. ^ See "Vatican Library", Dictionary of the Middle Ages. The Dictionary of the Middle Ages is a 13-volume Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages published by the American Council of Learned Societies between
  4. ^ Willey, David. "Vatican Library closure irks scholars", BBC News, 17 July 2007. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Retrieved on 2007-07-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians (English) 

External links

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