| Vastus medialis | |
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| Vastus medialis | |
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| Muscles of lower extremity | |
| Gray's | subject #128 471 |
| Origin | femur |
| Insertion | patella |
| Artery: | femoral artery |
| Nerve: | femoral nerve |
| Action: | extends leg |
The vastus medialis, often called the 'teardrop' muscle, is a medially located muscle of the quadriceps. A typical Adult Human skeleton commonly consists of 206 208 or more bones depending on the method used in counting The femur is the thigh bone In Humans, it is the longest, most voluminous and strongest Bone. A typical Adult Human skeleton commonly consists of 206 208 or more bones depending on the method used in counting The patella or kneecap is a thick triangular Bone which articulates with the Femur and covers and protects the knee joint Arteries are Blood vessels that carry blood away from the Heart. The femoral artery is a large Artery in the muscles of the Thigh. Accessory nerve Accessory obturator nerve Alderman's nerve Anococcygeal nerve Ansa The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the Lumbar plexus, arises from the dorsal divisions of the second third and fourth Lumbar nerves. Kinesiology, also known as Human Kinetics, is the science of human movement Extension is a movement of a joint that results in increased angle between two bones or body surfaces at a joint Muscle (from Latin musculus, diminutive of mus "mouse" is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the "Quads" redirects here For other uses see Quad The quadriceps femoris ( Latin for "four-headed of the femur" also
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Function
Vastus medialis has been widely reported to be responsible for extending the leg the last 10%, however this commonly held claim has no basis, indeed there is a reasonable body of evidence to the contrary. The vasti instead appear to act largely in a co-ordinated manner throughout the control of knee extension.
Much has been made of the ability of the Vastus Medialis to translate the patella medially, however since approximately 70% of the contractile fibres attach directly to the common extensor tendon (which then inserts centrally to the superior patella) the functional ability to achieve this goal may be overstated, and is likely dwarfed by the bony congruence of the patella in the trochlea notch. Some authorities maintain there is a separate aspect to the Vastus Medialis muscle - the "Vastus Medialis Obliquus"[1] or more commonly the "VMO"[2] which is reported to have a more oblique or horizontal orientation to the bulk of the remainder of the muscle thereby disposing it to be better able to 'pull' the patella medially. Unfortunately careful inspection of many cadavers reveals that the fibres of the Vastus Medialis are largely parallel and there is no significant separate aspect of the contractile fibres fitting this description which would suggest it is time to lay this clinical myth to rest.
Often medical and other allied health practitioners suggest improving the strength and/or activation of this muscle as a strategy in the treatment of anterior knee pain - sometimes called runner's knee. Chondromalacia Patella (also known as CMP, Patello-femoral Pain Syndrome, or Runner's Knee) is a term for a large and disparate group of medical conditions
Lunges are an exercise sometimes used to target this muscle. The lunge is a Weight training exercise that is used to strengthen the Quadriceps muscles, Gluteal muscles and the
Origin and insertion
It arises from the lower half of the intertrochanteric line, the medial lip of the linea aspera, the upper part of the medial supracondylar line, the tendons of the Adductor longus and the Adductor magnus and the medial intermuscular septum. The intertrochanteric line (or spiral line of the femur) is a line located on the anterior side of the head of the Femur. The linea aspera is a ridge of roughened surface on the posterior aspect of the Femur, to which are attached Muscles and intermuscular Septa. The inferior third of the medial border of the Humerus is raised into a slight ridge the medial supracondylar ridge (or medial supracondylar line) which becomes The adductor longus muscle is a Muscle of the Human body. It is a part of the adductor group of the thigh that as the name suggests adducts the thigh The adductor magnus is a large triangular muscle situated on the Medial side of the Thigh.
Its fibers are directed downward and forward, and are chiefly attached to an aponeurosis which lies on the deep surface of the muscle and is inserted into the medial border of the patella and the Quadriceps femoris tendon, an expansion being sent to the capsule of the knee-joint. The patella or kneecap is a thick triangular Bone which articulates with the Femur and covers and protects the knee joint "Quads" redirects here For other uses see Quad The quadriceps femoris ( Latin for "four-headed of the femur" also The knee is the lower extremity Joint connecting the Femur, Patella, and the Tibia.
Relations
The Vastus medialis and Vastus intermedius appear to be inseparably united, but when the Rectus femoris has been reflected a narrow interval will be observed extending upward from the medial border of the patella between the two muscles, and the separation may be continued as far as the lower part of the intertrochanteric line, where, however, the two muscles are frequently continuous. The Vastus intermedius (Crureus arises from the front and lateral surfaces of the body of the femur in its upper two-thirds and from the lower part of the lateral intermuscular septum The Rectus femoris muscle is one of the four Quadriceps muscles of the Human body.
Additional images
 Right femur. Posterior surface. |
 Muscles of the iliac and anterior femoral regions. |
 The femoral artery. |
References
- ^ Toumi H, Poumarat G, Benjamin M, Best T, F'Guyer S, Fairclough J (2007). "New insights into the function of the vastus medialis with clinical implications". Med Sci Sports Exerc 39 (7): 1153–9. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 17596784.
- ^ Peeler J, Cooper J, Porter MM, Thliveris JA, Anderson JE (2005). "Structural parameters of the vastus medialis muscle". Clin Anat 18 (4): 281–9. John Wiley & Sons Inc, also referred to as Wiley, is a global Publishing company that markets its products to professionals and consumers students and instructors doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 15832351.
External links
- The KNEEguru - educational site packed with knee content with sections on the quadriceps muscle
- LUC vasm
- Cross section at UV pembody/body18b
- Vastus+medialis+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary
- PTCentral
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. Loyola University Chicago is a private co-educational Jesuit university established in Chicago in 1870 as Saint Ignatius College The Medical University of Vienna (German Medizinische Universität Wien short MUW, formerly the faculty of Medicine of the University of Vienna, became an eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely two medical doctors The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened is an English-language Human anatomy Textbook As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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