Cross section of celery stalk, showing vascular bundles, which include both phloem and xylem. See also Wild celery Apium graveolens is a plant species in the family Apiaceae, and yielding celery and Celeriac

This is an article about vascular tissue in plants. For transport in animals, see Circulatory system. This is an article about the rock music band "Circulatory System"

Vascular tissue is a complex tissue found in vascular plants, meaning that it is composed of more than one cell type. Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism Vascular plants (also known as tracheophytes or higher plants) are those Plants that have lignified tissues for conducting The primary components of vascular tissue are the xylem and phloem. In Vascular plants xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue Phloem being the other In Vascular plants phloem is the living tissue that carries organic Nutrients (known as photosynthate particularly Sucrose, a sugar to These two tissues transport fluid and nutrients internally. There are also two meristems associated with vascular tissue: the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. A meristem is a tissue in all Plants consisting of undifferentiated cells ( meristematic cells) and found in zones of the plant where growth can take place The vascular cambium is a Lateral meristem in the Vascular tissue of plants Cork cambium is a tissue found in many vascular plants as part of the Periderm. All the vascular tissues within a particular plant together constitute the vascular tissue system of that plant.

The cells in differentiated vascular tissue are typically long and slender. Since the xylem and phloem function in the conduction of water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant, it is not surprising that their form should be similar to pipes. The individual cells of phloem are connected end-to-end, just as the sections of a pipe might be. As the plant grows, new vascular tissue differentiates in the growing tips of the plant. In Developmental biology, cellular differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized Cell type. The new tissue is aligned with existing vascular tissue, maintaining its connection throughout the plant. The vascular tissue in plants is arranged in long, discrete strands called vascular bundles. These bundles include both xylem and phloem, as well as supporting and protective cells. In stems and roots, the xylem typically lies closer to the interior of the stem with phloem towards the exterior of the stem. A stem is one of two main structural axes of a Vascular plant. ROOT is an object-oriented program and library developed by CERN. In the stems of some Asteriidae dicots, there may be phloem located inwardly from the xylem as well. Dicotyledons, or "dicots", is a name for a group of Flowering plants whose Seed typically has two embryonic leaves or Cotyledons There

Between the xylem and phloem is a meristem called the vascular cambium. A meristem is a tissue in all Plants consisting of undifferentiated cells ( meristematic cells) and found in zones of the plant where growth can take place The vascular cambium is a Lateral meristem in the Vascular tissue of plants This tissue divides off cells that will be become additional xylem and phloem. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all known living Organisms It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as living and is often called This growth increases the girth of the plant, rather than its length. As long as the vascular cambium continues to produce new cells, the plant will continue to grow more stout. In trees and other plants that develop wood, the vascular cambium allows the expansion of vascular tissue that produces woody growth. A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs Because this growth ruptures the epidermis of the stem, woody plants also have a cork cambium that develops among the phloem. The epidermis is the outer single-layered group of cells covering a Plant, especially the Leaf and young tissues of a Vascular plant including stems Cork cambium is a tissue found in many vascular plants as part of the Periderm. The cork cambium gives rise to thickened cork cells to protect the surface of the plant and reduce water loss. Cork cambium is a tissue found in many vascular plants as part of the Periderm. Both the production of wood and the production of cork are forms of secondary growth. In many Vascular plants, secondary growth is the result of the activity of the Vascular cambium.

In leaves, the vascular bundles are located among the spongy mesophyll. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. The xylem is oriented toward the adaxial surface of the leaf (usually the upper side), and phloem is oriented toward the abaxial surface of the leaf. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. This is why aphids are typically found on the underside of the leaves rather than on the top, since the phloem transports sugars manufactured by the plant and they are closer to the lower surface.

See also

• Xylem
• Phloem
• Cork cambium
• Vascular cambium
• Vascular plant
• Stele (biology)