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Valerie Jean Solanas (April 9, 1936 – April 26, 1988) was an American radical feminist writer best known for shooting the artist Andy Warhol in 1968. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Radical feminism is a "current" within Feminism that focuses on the theory of Patriarchy as a system of power that organizes society into a complex For the song by David Bowie, see Andy Warhol (song. Andrew Warhola (August 6 1928 &ndash February 22 1987 known as Andy Warhol She wrote the SCUM Manifesto, an essay on patriarchal culture advocating the creation of an all-female society. SCUM Manifesto ( S ociety For C utting U p M en is a tract written in 1968 by Valerie Solanas that Patriarchy is the structuring of Society on the basis of Family units where fathers have primary responsibility for the welfare of hence authority over Separatist feminism is a form of Feminism that does not support Heterosexual relationships due to a belief that sexual disparities between Men

Contents

Early life

Born in Ventnor City, New Jersey to Louis Solanas and Dorothy Bondo, Solanas was regularly sexually abused by her father. Ventnor City is a city in Atlantic County, New Jersey on the Atlantic Ocean. Sexual abuse, also referred to as molestation, is the forcing of undesired sexual acts by one person upon another Her parents divorced during the 1940s, and by the age of 15 she was homeless. Divorce or dissolution of marriage is the termination of a Marriage. Homelessness is the condition and social category of people who lack housing because they cannot afford or are otherwise unable to maintain regular safe and adequate shelter In spite of this, she completed high school and earned a degree in psychology from the University of Maryland. Psychology (from Greek grc ψῡχή psȳkhē, "breath life soul" and grc -λογία -logia) is an Academic and The University of Maryland College Park (often referred to as The University of Maryland UMD, UMCP or simply Maryland) is a public research She did nearly a year of graduate work in psychology at University of Minnesota. In 1953, her son David was born. Other details of her life until 1966 are unclear, but it is believed she traveled the country as an itinerant, supporting herself by begging and prostitution. "Beggar" redirects here Distinguish from Begga and Bega. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money.

New York City and The Factory

Solanas arrived in Greenwich Village in 1966, where she wrote a play titled Up Your Ass about a man-hating prostitute and a panhandler. Greenwich Village (ˌgrɛnɪtʃ ˈvɪlɪdʒ often simply called the Village, is a largely residential area on the west side of downtown (southern Manhattan A play, or stageplay, is a form of Literature written by a Playwright, almost always consisting of Dialogue between Fictional characters Misandry ( IPA) is hatred (or contempt of Men or Boys. Misandry is parallel to Misogyny —the hatred of women In 1967, she encountered Andy Warhol outside his studio, The Factory, and asked him to produce her play. For the song by David Bowie, see Andy Warhol (song. Andrew Warhola (August 6 1928 &ndash February 22 1987 known as Andy Warhol A studio is a Artist 's or worker's workroom or an artist and his or her Employees who work within that studio The Factory was Andy Warhol 's original New York City studio from 1962 to 1968, although his later studios were known as The Factory as well Intrigued by the title, he accepted the script for review. According to Factory lore, Warhol, whose films were often shut down by the police for obscenity, thought the script was so pornographic that it must be a police trap. Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer He never returned it to Solanas.

Warhol did give Solanas a role in a scene in his film I, A Man (1968-1969). I a Man ( 1967) is an Andy Warhol film featuring Warhol Superstars Tom Baker, Ivy Nicholson Ingrid Superstar, Cynthia In that film, she and the film's title character (played by Tom Baker) haggle in an apartment building hallway over whether they should go into her apartment. Tom Baker ( August 28, 1940 &ndash September 2, 1982) was an American actor who starred in the Andy Warhol movie I A Man Solanas dominates the improvised conversation, leading the bewildered actor through a dialogue about everything from "squishy asses," "men's tits," and lesbian "instinct. Improvisation (also called extemporization) is the practice of acting singing talking and reacting of making and creating in the moment and in response to the stimulus of A lesbian is a Woman who is romantically or sexually attracted only to other women " Ultimately, she leaves him to fend for himself, explaining "I gotta go beat my meat" as she exits the scene.

During this period (the late 1960s), Solanas wrote and self-published the work for which she is best known — a call for destruction of men and men-loving women, as well as the liberation of women, called the SCUM Manifesto. Samizdat (самиздат was the clandestine copying and distribution of government-suppressed literature or other media in Soviet-bloc SCUM Manifesto ( S ociety For C utting U p M en is a tract written in 1968 by Valerie Solanas that SCUM is generally held to be an acronym of "Society for Cutting Up Men," although this acronym does not appear in the manifesto itself. Acronyms, initialisms, and alphabetisms are Abbreviations that are formed using the initial components in a phrase or name SCUM gained Solanas a following among some feminists. Feminism is a discourse that involves various movements theories, and Philosophies which are concerned with the issue of Gender difference, advocate

Later in 1967, Solanas began to telephone Warhol, demanding he return the script of Up Your Ass. When Warhol admitted he had lost it, she began demanding money as payment. Warhol ignored these demands but offered her a role in I, A Man perhaps as compensation. In his book Popism: The Warhol Sixties, Warhol would write that before she shot him, he thought Solanas was an interesting and funny person. Popism The Warhol Sixties is a 1980 Memoir by the American artist Andy Warhol (1928-1987 However, her constant hassling (bordering on stalking) made her difficult to deal with and ultimately drove him away. ---- Stalking is the obsessive following observing or contacting of another person or the obsessive attempt to engage in any of these activities

Attempted assassination of Andy Warhol

On June 3, 1968, she arrived at The Factory and waited for Warhol in the lobby area. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. When he arrived with a couple of friends, she fired three shots from a handgun at Warhol. She then shot art critic Mario Amaya and also tried to shoot Warhol's manager, Fred Hughes, but her gun jammed. An art critic is a person who specializes in evaluating Art. Their written critiques or reviews are published in newspapers magazines books and on web sites Mario Amaya (1933- June 29, 1986) was an art critic museum director magazine editor and former director of the New York Cultural Center (1972-1976 and Just then, the elevator arrived. Hughes suggested she take it, and she did, leaving the Factory. Warhol barely survived. He never fully recovered and for the rest of his life had to wear a corset to prevent his injuries from worsening. A corset is a Garment worn to mold and shape the Torso into a desired shape for Aesthetic or medical purposes (either for the duration of wearing it or Years later, his wounds would still occasionally bleed after he overexerted himself.

That evening, Solanas turned herself in to the police and was charged with attempted murder and other offenses. Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force In English Criminal law, attempted murder is the crime of more than merely preparing to commit Unlawful homicide and at the same time having a specific intention Solanas made statements to the arresting officer and at the arraignment hearing that Warhol had "too much control" over her and that Warhol was planning to steal her work. Arraignment is a Common law term for the formal reading of a criminal Complaint, in the presence of the Defendant, to inform him/her of the charges Pleading guilty, she received a three-year sentence. For the Pygmy backswimmer Genus, see Plea (insect. Warhol refused to testify against her. "Testify" redirects here For other uses see Testify (disambiguation and Testimony (disambiguation. The attack had a profound impact on Warhol and his art, and The Factory scene became much more tightly controlled afterwards. For the rest of his life, Warhol lived in fear that Solanas would attack him again. "It was the Cardboard Andy, not the Andy I could love and play with," said close friend and collaborator Billy Name. Billy Linich, known as Billy Name and Billy Goat, (born 22 February 1940 in Poughkeepsie New York) is an American "He was so sensitized you couldn't put your hand on him without him jumping. I couldn't even love him anymore, because it hurt him to touch him. "[1] While his friends were actively hostile towards Solanas, Warhol himself preferred not to discuss her.

One of the few public pronouncements in her favor was distributed by Ben Morea, of Up Against the Wall Motherfuckers / Black Mask fame. Up Against the Wall Motherfuckers (often referred to as simply "the Motherfuckers" or UAW/MF was an Anarchist Affinity group based in New York City It was later re-printed as an appendix in the Olympia Press edition of her manifesto.

It is widely believed that Solanas suffered from paranoid schizophrenia at the time of the shooting. Schizophrenia ( from the Greek roots schizein (σχίζειν "to split" and phrēn [2][3] A psychiatrist who evaluated her shortly thereafter concluded that she was "a Schizophrenic Reaction, paranoid type with marked depression and potential for acting out. "[4] As a result, the marginalization of Solanas as a "crazed lesbian" by her detractors was fairly easy. [5]

Release from prison

Feminist Robin Morgan (later editor of Ms. magazine) demonstrated for Solanas' release from prison. Robin Morgan (born January 29 1941) is a former Child actor turned American radical feminist activist writer poet and editor of Ms is an American feminist magazine co-founded by American feminist and activist Gloria Steinem and founding Ti-Grace Atkinson, the New York chapter president of the National Organization for Women (NOW), described Solanas as "the first outstanding champion of women's rights. Ti-Grace Atkinson (born 9 November 1938, Baton Rouge Louisiana as Grace Atkinson) is an American Feminist Author New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The National Organization for Women ( NOW) is the largest American Feminist organization "[6] Another member, Florynce Kennedy, represented Solanas at her trial, calling her "one of the most important spokeswomen of the feminist movement. Florynce Kennedy ( February 11, 1916 &mdash December 22, 2000) was a Lawyer, Activist, Civil rights advocate "[7]

After her release from prison in 1971, she was regarded by some as a martyr. The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom When she persisted in stalking Warhol and others over the telephone, however, she was arrested again. An interview with her was published in the Village Voice in 1977. This article is about a New York newspaper For the Ottawa Hills Ohio magazine see The Village Voice of Ottawa Hills. She denied that the SCUM Manifesto was ever meant to be taken seriously. [8] Solanas drifted into obscurity and was in and out of mental hospitals. A psychiatric hospital (previously called insane asylum, mental hospital; or derogatorily looney bin, nut house or Funny Farm) is

Death

In 1988, at the age of 52, Solanas died of emphysema and pneumonia in the Bristol Hotel San Francisco. Emphysema is a chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease ( COPD) formerly termed a chronic obstructive Lung disease (COLD Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the Lung. Frequently it is described as lung Parenchyma / alveolar inflammation and abnormal The Bristol Hotel located at 56 Mason Street in San Francisco California 94102 is a 4 story SRO hotel

More than 30 years after the loss of Up Your Ass, it was re-discovered. In 2000, the play premiered in San Francisco, only blocks from the hotel where she died. [9]

Legacy

Selected works

References

  1. ^ Making the Scene: Factory Made: Warhol and the Sixties by Steven Watson, Dennis Drabelle, Washington Post book review, November 16, 2003. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D
  2. ^ Valerie Jean Solanas (1936-88) The Guardian
  3. ^ Bockris, Victor. Warhol: The Biography. Da Capo Press (2003) ISBN 030681272X
  4. ^ Harron and Minahan. I Shot Andy Warhol. Grove Press (1996) ISBN 0802134912
  5. ^ 'Amanda Third, 'Shooting from the hip': Valerie Solanas, SCUM and the apocalyptic politics of radical feminism, in Hecate, Oct 2006, http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-6312068/Shooting-from-the-hip-Valerie.html
  6. ^ Solanas, Valerie (August 1996). SCUM Manifesto (2nd edition). AK Press. ISBN 1-873176-44-9.  
  7. ^ Ibid.
  8. ^ Smith, Howard. "Valerie Solanas Interview", 'Village Voice', July 25, 1977, pp. This article is about a New York newspaper For the Ottawa Hills Ohio magazine see The Village Voice of Ottawa Hills.  32. Retrieved on 2006-12-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies (English) 
  9. ^ Moore, Michael Scott (January 19, 2000), “A Shot at the Stage”, SF Weekly, <http://search.sfweekly.com/2000-01-19/culture/a-shot-at-the-stage/>. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The SF Weekly is a free Alternative weekly Newspaper in San Francisco California. Retrieved on 10 March 2008 
  10. ^ Lou Reed lyrics - I Believe. Retrieved on Aug 5, 2006. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  11. ^ Tract for Valerie Solanas. Retrieved on Aug 5, 2006. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  12. ^ Flash Review 1, 2-9: "Up Your Ass", Solanas at P.S. 122: No Factory Retread

External links

This article is about a New York newspaper For the Ottawa Hills Ohio magazine see The Village Voice of Ottawa Hills. guardiancouk, formerly known as Guardian Unlimited, is a British website owned by the Guardian Media Group.
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