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Urban contemporary is a music radio format. This article is about Broadcast radio, for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. The term was coined by the late New York DJ Frankie Crocker in the mid 1970s. Frankie "Hollywood" Crocker ( December 18 1937, Buffalo New York, USA - October 21 2000, North Miami Beach This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. Urban contemporary radio stations feature a playlist made up entirely of hip hop/rap, contemporary R&B, and, on occasion, Caribbean music such as reggae and reggaeton. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Contemporary R&B (also known as R&B, urban) is a Music genre of western Popular music (predominantly American and Canadian The Music of the Caribbean is a diverse grouping of Musical genres They are each syntheses of African European Indian and Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Reggaeton (also spelled reggaetón, and known as reguetón and reggaetón in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular

The term "urban contemporary" has become heavily associated with African American Music and Latino music as well, particularly for the African Americans contemporary R&B, and is often used as a synonym to describe the genre. For the Latinos its more Latin urban like Reggaeton. Reggaeton (also spelled reggaetón, and known as reguetón and reggaetón in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular

These stations focus primarily on marketing to African-Americans between the ages of 18 and 34 but studies have shown that about 75% of listeners are White[1]. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Their playlists are dominated by singles by top-selling hip hop and R&B performers. On occasion, an urban contemporary station will play classic soul music songs from the '70s and early '80s to satisfy the earlier end of the genre. Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States.

Since the 1990s, urban contemporary hits have dominated the US pop charts. As the pop and R&B/hip hop charts have nearly mirrored each other, many adult contemporary stations have turned to playing some tracks popular on urban contemporary radio stations. Adult contemporary music, frequently abbreviated AC, refers to styles of popular music that ranges from "lush Sixties pop often vocal -based and rooted in

Today, urban contemporary refers to music that can be described as a crossover of rap and contemporary R&B which in some instances may be accompanied with dance beats. Rapping (also known as emceeing, MCing, spitting, or just rhyming) is the Rhythmic spoken delivery of Rhymes wordplay and Contemporary R&B (also known as R&B, urban) is a Music genre of western Popular music (predominantly American and Canadian Collaborations by artists from different genres form the core of urban music. Notable examples include:

Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration is awarded since 2002. " I'm Real " is the name of two songs by Jennifer Lopez. Jennifer Lynn Lopez (born July Jeffrey Atkins (born February 29 1976 Music career Atkins began his rap career in 1994 with the group Cash Money Click " Dilemma " is a hit single by the Rapper Nelly, with Kelly Rowland from Destiny's Child, released in 2002 Cornell Haynes Jr (born November 2 1974 Highly successful Nelly has sold over 20 million records in the United States Kelendria "Kelly" Trene Rowland (born February 11 1981 is an American R&B Singer-songwriter, Dancer, and actress, " Crazy in Love " is a song by American R&B singer Beyoncé Knowles, featuring American Hip hop singer Jay-Z. Beyoncé Giselle Knowles (born September 4 1981 commonly known as Beyoncé (biːˈɑn Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4 1969 better known as Jay-Z, is an American Rapper and former CEO of Def Jam Recordings and Roc-A-Fella " Baby Boy " is a Contemporary R&B – Dancehall song by American singer Beyoncé Knowles. Beyoncé Giselle Knowles (born September 4 1981 commonly known as Beyoncé (biːˈɑn Sean Paul Henriques (born January 8 1973) in Upper Saint Andrew Parish, a few miles north of his birthplace " Yeah! " is a song written by American songwriters and producers Lil Jon, Sean Garrett, Patrick J Usher Raymond IV (born October 14 1978 known simply by his first name Usher, is an American R&B and pop Singer - Songwriter Jonathan Mortimer Smith (born January 27, 1971) better known by his Stage name Lil Jon, is an American producer, promoter and The Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration has been awarded since 2002

Contents

The 1970s

When Frankie Crocker was appointed as Program Director of the newly created WBLS in 1974, he created an eclectic music mix of R&B, Disco and Gospel music, redefining the R&B format as Urban Contemporary. Frankie "Hollywood" Crocker ( December 18 1937, Buffalo New York, USA - October 21 2000, North Miami Beach In service industries such as Education, a program director researches plans develops and implements one or more of the firm's professional services WBLS is an Urban Adult Contemporary FM Radio station that is licensed to New York City, operating on 107 Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Gospel music is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life as well as (in terms of the varying music styles to The station was an instant success, making it the most listened-to radio station in the country

The 1980s

During the early 1980s as newly-formed WRKS-FM (98.7 Kiss FM) became the first rap station in the United States, WBLS quickly began adding more rap records to its playlists. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. WRKS (987 MHz better known as 987 Kiss FM, is an Urban Adult Contemporary radio station in New York City, owned by Emmis Communications WRKS (987 MHz better known as 987 Kiss FM, is an Urban Adult Contemporary radio station in New York City, owned by Emmis Communications Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with The United States of America —commonly referred to as the WBLS is an Urban Adult Contemporary FM Radio station that is licensed to New York City, operating on 107 Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with The urban format by this time was redefined by an eclectic mix of R&B, rap, reggae, gospel, dance, house, and freestyle. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Gospel music is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life as well as (in terms of the varying music styles to This article is about music for dancing in general You may also be looking for Electronic dance music. House generally refers to a Shelter or Building that is a Dwelling or place for Habitation by Human beings. Freestyle or Latin Freestyle, also called Latin Hip Hop in its early years is a form of Electronic music that is heavily influenced by Latin American WBLS continued as the flagship station of the Urban format however Kiss FM surpassed them in the ratings. WBLS is an Urban Adult Contemporary FM Radio station that is licensed to New York City, operating on 107 WRKS (987 MHz better known as 987 Kiss FM, is an Urban Adult Contemporary radio station in New York City, owned by Emmis Communications

Many radio stations imitated the urban sound since it was proven to be more profitable than other formats. This article is about radio broadcasting for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. Another subformat of urban contemporary is rhythmic contemporary hits which plays a great deal of dance music. Rhythmic contemporary, also known as rhythmic top 40, rhythmic contemporary hit radio or rhythmic crossover, is a music Radio format that This article is about music for dancing in general You may also be looking for Electronic dance music. WQHT-FM and KPWR were the first stations to utilize this format. WQHT, more commonly known as "Hot 97", is a high-profile Rhythmic Radio station in New York City under the corporate ownership of KPWR (1059 FM, "Power 106" is a commercial Radio station located in Los Angeles California, broadcasting to the Greater Los Angeles

Urban Adult Contemporary

Urban AC is a subformat that is geared towards adult African-American audiences, and therefore, the artists that are played on these stations are most often African-American. The Urban AC stations are more similar to Soft AC than they are to Hot AC, and the music they play is predominantly R&B and soul music. This is reflected in many of the Urban AC radio stations' taglines, such as "Today's R&B and Classic Soul", "The Best Variety of R&B Hits and Oldies" and "(City/Region)'s R&B Leader. " Some popular nicknames for Urban AC stations include "Magic" (borrowed from Soft AC), "Mix" (borrowed from Hot AC), and "Kiss" (borrowed from Top-40)

A more elaborate form of Urban AC is the Rhythmic Oldies format, which focuses primarily on "Old School" R&B/Soul hits from the 1960s to the 1990s, including Motown and disco hits. Often referred to in the past as "Jammin'" or "Groovin'" Oldies, the Rhythmic Oldies format was quite popular for a time in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In 1997, KCMG-FM "Mega 100" in Los Angeles pioneered the concept of "Jammin' Oldies," which involved creating a mass-appeal music mix. The "Jammin'"/"Groovin'" Oldies format subsequently spread nationwide, to stations like WTJM-FM in New York City, WMOJ in Cincinnati, and WGRV-FM in Detroit (all of which have since changed format). Many of these stations played soul or disco by artists such as ABBA and The Bee Gees in addition to African-American artists. Many believe that what contributed the most to the death of the "Jammin' Oldies" stations was the fact that their playlists soon became very small and narrow, increasing listener "burnout" and dropping ratings within a few months after a promising ratings start. Rhythmic Oldies stations still exist today, but chiefly in markets with large African-American populations; the peak of the "Jammin' Oldies" approach has come and gone.

Usually embedded within the Urban Adult Contemporary is another format called Quiet Storm. This format is most played during the evening beginning at 7:00 PM or 8:00 PM hours into late night. The Quiet Storm format plays on Urban Adult Contemporary format. The music that is played are strictly ballads and slow jams. Popular artists played on the Quiet Storm format are Babyface, Teena Marie, Angela Bofill, Miki Howard, Regina Belle, Howard Hewitt, Freddie Jackson, Johnny Gill, Anita Baker, Sade, Patti LaBelle, Vanessa Williams, Mariah Carey, Dru Hill, and En Vogue among others.

Rhythmic Contemporary

Rhythmic Contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic Contemporary Hit Radio and "Rhythmic Crossover" is a music radio format that includes of a mix of dance, and upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop, and R&B hits. While most rhythmic stations' playlists are composed of that mentioned above, some tend to lean very urban with current hip-hop, urban pop, and R&B hits that gain mainstream appeal.

Most of its core listeners makeup a multicultural mix of African-Americans, Hispanics and Asian-Americans, that include a core group of teens, young adults (mostly 18-34) and young females

The origins of Rhythmic Top 40 can be traced back 1978 when WKTU on 92. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) WKTU (1035 FM, "KTU" is a radio station based in New York City. 3 FM New York City (now WFNY) became a disco based station. The City of New York WFNY (1440 AM) is a commercial Radio station licensed to Gloversville New York, USA That station was classified as urban but played a blend of disco, dance music, and pop crossovers. Back then stations playing strictly R&B materials were known as Black stations. Stations like WKTU were known as Urban. In the 1980s many Urban contemporary stations began to spring up. Most of these leaned towards R&B and away from plenty of dance music. These urban stations began sounding identical to so called "Black stations" and by 1985 stations that played strictly R&B product were all known as Urban stations. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Still some urban outlets continued to add artists from outside the format onto their playlist. In most cases it was dance and rhythmic pop but occasionally they added a few rock songs. However it wasn't until January 11, 1986 that KPWR Los Angeles, a former struggling adult contemporary outlet and WQHT New York began to make its mark with this genre by adopting this approach. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) KPWR (1059 FM, "Power 106" is a commercial Radio station located in Los Angeles California, broadcasting to the Greater Los Angeles Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Adult contemporary music, frequently abbreviated AC, refers to styles of popular music that ranges from "lush Sixties pop often vocal -based and rooted in WQHT, more commonly known as "Hot 97", is a high-profile Rhythmic Radio station in New York City under the corporate ownership of The City of New York It would be known as Crossover because of the musical mix. As these stations pilfered listeners away from numerous mainstream stations,many urban stations reintroduced Dance music onto their playlists again. This article is about music for dancing in general You may also be looking for Electronic dance music. Billboard magazine took notice of this new format and on February 15, 1987, it launched the first Crossover chart. See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) But by December 1990 Billboard eliminated the chart because more Top 40 and R&B stations were becoming identical with the rhythmic-heavy playlist that were also being played at the crossover stations at the time. Billboard would later revive the chart again in October 1992 as the Top 40 Rhythm/Crossover chart. October events and holidays Children's Book Week ( England) - First Week of October National Day ( China People's Republic Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) On June 25, 1997, it was renamed the Rhythmic Top 40 chart as a way to distinguish stations that continue to play a broad based rhythmic mix from those whose mix leaned heavily toward R&B and Hip-Hop. Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos.

For years since its inception, the Rhythmic name has been a source of confusion among music trades, especially in both Billboard (which used the Rhythmic Top 40 title) and Radio & Records (which use the CHR/Rhythmic title for their official charts). In August 2006 Billboard dropped both the "Top 40" and "CHR" name from the Rhythmic title after its sister publication Billboard Radio Monitor merged with Radio & Records to become the "New" R&R as part of their realignment of format categories. The move also ended confusion among the radio stations who report to their panels, which was modified by the end of 2006 with the inclusion of non-monitored reporters that were holdovers from the "(Old) R&R" days.

Still, over the years since its inception, the genre has grown and evolved but not without criticism. Traditional R&B outlets claim that the Rhythmic format does not target or serve the African-American community properly, while traditional Top 40 stations claim that the format is too urban to be Top 40. However, those claims have been all but slienced, with both R&B and mainstream Top 40 stations taking cues from the format they criticized.

Still there continues to be confusion of the distinction between Rhythmic CHR stations and Urban Top 40 stations. In New York City WQHT Hot 97 strictly plays R&B and Hip Hop. Also in that city WWPR Power 105 plays a similar format. WQHT is classified as Top 40/Rhythm while WWPR is classified as Urban. WQHT, more commonly known as "Hot 97", is a high-profile Rhythmic Radio station in New York City under the corporate ownership of Los Angeles is similar where KPWR and KDAY have similar formats but KPWR is considered Top 40/Rhythm while KDAY is considered Urban. KPWR (1059 FM, "Power 106" is a commercial Radio station located in Los Angeles California, broadcasting to the Greater Los Angeles KDAY ( 935 The Beat FM) in Redondo Beach California is a Radio station based in South Los Angeles that airs a Hybrid Urban Adult Contemporary KDAY ( 935 The Beat FM) in Redondo Beach California is a Radio station based in South Los Angeles that airs a Hybrid Urban Adult Contemporary Also very similar situations have occurred in Washington, D.C. with WPGC-FM and San Francisco with KMEL. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D WPGC 955 is the one of the most popular radio stations among Washington D The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city KMEL (1061 FM is an Urban Contemporary - formatted radio station located in San Francisco, California, and owned by Clear Channel Communications One possible reason for this is precedent. When these stations began they played a great deal of dance music and were classified as CHR outlets. However, many critics say the ability to attract more mainstream advertisers as Rhythmic, rather than Urban, is the real reason, thus fueling the criticism from the African-American community in general. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa

However by 2005 KPWR began to re-add more Rhythmic Pop product after a seven-year gap (it had phased most of the Rhythmic and Dance product by 1997 when it had competition from KIBB and KACD/KBCD, both defunct), mostly in response to rival KIIS leaning towards a rhythmic direction. The move has resulted in KPWR and KIIS reigniting their Los Angeles Top 40 war. KPWR has also gone on the offensive to protect their hispanic demos in the wake of new Hurban rival KXOL making a dent in the ratings.

WQHT on the other hand, had moved more towards R&B/Hip-Hop as they step up their competition in the Big Apple with WWPR, which had gotten nasty with both stations blasting each other on the air and at high-profile concerts/events, as well as who claims ownership of who plays the most Hip-Hop in New York. WQHT, more commonly known as "Hot 97", is a high-profile Rhythmic Radio station in New York City under the corporate ownership of Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. The City of New York

WPGC-FM began operating in 1987 as a Rhythmic that played R&B, hip-hop, dance, and pop music. WPGC 955 is the one of the most popular radio stations among Washington D Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Its playlist began to migrate to mostly Hip-Hop/R&B songs with R&B and soul slow songs on Sunday through Thursday nights since 1993, a format very similar to WKYS. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. This began a head-to-head battle with WKYS, but also Urban ACs, WHUR and WMMJ, due to WPGC playing old school R&B and soul songs during the morning drive, overnight hours, and on weekends. WKYS, "Station for Interactive hip hop and R&B", is a Radio station that serves the greater Washington DC metropolitan area "963 WHUR" is an Urban Adult Contemporary radio station that serves the Washington D WMMJ is a top rated station Urban Adult Contemporary radio station owned by Radio One in the Washington D

KMEL also began in 1984 as a Mainstream Top 40, but migrated to a Rhythmic that played began hip-hop, dance, freestyle, house, and reggae music by 1987. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an Art form that generally refers to movement of the body usually rhythmic Freestyle or Latin Freestyle, also called Latin Hip Hop in its early years is a form of Electronic music that is heavily influenced by Latin American House generally refers to a Shelter or Building that is a Dwelling or place for Habitation by Human beings. Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) However, in 1992, its playlist began to lean more urban to battle with competitor KYLD, which ended in 1997 when both stations became sister stations. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) KMEL currently has a playlist that is Hip Hop/R&B music, and plays mostly R&B slow jams at night from Sundays through to Thursdays and gospel music on Sunday Mornings, while KYLD plays a balanced mix of Rhythmic Pop, Hip-Hop/R&B and some Dance products.

On August 11, 2006, R&R had moved WQHT, WPGC-FM, KMEL, to the Urban Contemporary Airplay Panel since they seldom play any type of Rhythmic pop product and is therefore not considered part of the 'Pure' Rhythmic community. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. R&R (also known as the "new" Radio & Records) is a weekly music trade publication that follows the radio industry and tracks the monitoring of current songs WQHT, more commonly known as "Hot 97", is a high-profile Rhythmic Radio station in New York City under the corporate ownership of WPGC 955 is the one of the most popular radio stations among Washington D KMEL (1061 FM is an Urban Contemporary - formatted radio station located in San Francisco, California, and owned by Clear Channel Communications However, despite the changes, there are a few "Churbans" who remain on the Rhythmic panel that are exceptions, mostly due to the lack of minorities in several major metropolitan markets that do not have a mainstream Urban, like KTTB/Minneapolis-St. Paul and WJMN/Boston. KTTB is a Radio station in the Twin Cities area of Minnesota, 96 WJMN is a successful Rhythmic Contemporary Hit Radio station licensed to Boston Massachusetts, USA. However, on May 25, 2007, WQHT, KXHT/Memphis, WZMX/Hartford and WMBX/West Palm Beach, along with KZZA/Dallas-Ft. Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. KXHT (Hot 1071 is a Hip-Hop station licensed to Marion Arkansas and serves the Memphis Tennessee area WZMX is a Rhythmic Contemporary station licensed to Hartford Connecticut. WMBX - FM is a Radio station serving the West Palm Beach and Port St KZZA (CASA 1067 is a Hispanic rhythmic station serving the Dallas - Ft Worth (from the Latin Rhythm Airplay panel), were re-added to the panel, as their playlists now favors a broader Rhythmic direction, thus making them outright Rhythmics. The Latin Rhythm Airplay chart comprises singles and tracks from artists who represent the Hispanic rhythmic / Hurban genre which includes Reggaeton, Hispanic

List of Urban Contemporary Stations across the United States

See also

References

  1. ^ Hip Hop's Ultimate Battle: Race and the Politics of Divide and Conquer
WBTF, also known as 1079 The Beat, is an Urban Contemporary outlet serving the Lexington radio market Lexington (officially Lexington-Fayette Urban County is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 68th largest in the United States. The classification of urban-formatted radio stations range from the radio formats of rhythmic contemporary hit radio to Urban Gospel. Aaliyah (RIP Angela Bofill Amerie Brandy CeCe Peniston Urban adult contemporary is the name for a format of radio music similar to an Urban contemporary format Mainstream urban is a term used to describe a radio format similar to an Urban contemporary format Mainstream urban is a term used to describe a radio format similar to an Urban contemporary format Urban contemporary Gospel (sometimes marketed as "Black Gospel") is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Rhythmic contemporary, also known as rhythmic top 40, rhythmic contemporary hit radio or rhythmic crossover, is a music Radio format that The R&R Urban Contemporary Airplay panel is a list of Mainstream Urban radio stations that are monitored by Nielsen BDS. The Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration has been awarded since 2002
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