The Cathedral of Uppsala (Swedish: Uppsala domkyrka), located centrally in the city of Uppsala, Sweden, dates back to the late 13th century and at a height and length of 118. Uppsala ˈɵpˌsɑːla (older spelling Upsala) is the capital of Uppsala County ( Uppsala län) and the fourth largest city of Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the Uppsala ˈɵpˌsɑːla (older spelling Upsala) is the capital of Uppsala County ( Uppsala län) and the fourth largest city of "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. 7 m is the largest church building in Scandinavia. Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well Originally used for coronations of the Swedish regent, it is now the seat of the Archbishop of Sweden.
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History
The construction of the cathedral began in 1287 after the archbishopric was moved from Old Uppsala (Swedish: Gamla Uppsala) and took more than a century to complete. Gamla Uppsala ("Old Uppsala" is a parish and a village outside Uppsala in Sweden. Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the When inaugurated in 1435 under archbishop Olaus Laurentii it was still not completely finished. In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated Bishop. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion and others this means that they lead Olaus Laurentii (died 25 June 1438) was a Swedish ecclesiastic and Archbishop of Uppsala. It was dedicated to the saints Saint Lawrence, a most cherished saint in all of Sweden at that time, Saint Eric, the patron of Sweden (though never canonised by the pope), and Saint Olaf the patron of Norway. Eric ( IX) of Sweden (or Erik the Lawgiver or Erik the Saint. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional It was completed within the following decades.
Architectural alterations
The Cathedral was severely damaged in the conflagration of 1702, especially causing extensive damage to its twin spires. When rebuilt, the Renaissance style of 1619 was modernised and, among other facets, under the architect Carl Hårleman (1700-1753) the tall Dutch Renaissance spires were replaced with small, dome-like towers in Baroque style. Baron Carl Hårleman ( 27 August 1700 &ndash 9 February 1753) was a Swedish 18th century Architect. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc Between 1885-1893 the architect Helgo Zettervall (1831-1907) oversaw the second restoration, intending for the cathedral a French Gothic revival appearance. Helgo Zettervall, older spelling Zetterwall, ( November 21, 1831 &ndash 1907 was a Swedish Architect and professor of the Royal The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began The original, medieval style was Baltic International Gothic, characterised by relatively robust brick walls. International Gothic is a phase of Gothic art which developed in Burgundy, Bohemia, France and northern Italy in the late The small Baroque towers were replaced by tall (French-inspired) spires, including a third, smaller tower on the transept crossing in the same style. Zettervall also significantly altered large portions of the medieval outer brick walls as to give it a slimmer appearance, which meant the removal of the white-washed "blind windows" similar to the ones found on parts of the nearby Holy Trinity Church (Swedish: Helga trefaldighets kyrka). Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the The interior ceiling and walls of the cathedral were decorated in neo-Gothic style, although some depictions, such as one of Martin Luther, did not attempt to reconstruct the cathedral's medieval heritage. Large portions of cement additions by Zettervall to the exterior structure of the cathedral were removed some decades later.
Usage
In the Middle Ages, when all houses in Uppsala except the churches consisted of one- or two-storey houses made of wood or sometimes bricks, the cathedral must have seemed even more enormous than today. Interestingly, the church was not the main place of worship of the citizens until the Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time The church was reserved for official services (by the cathedral's canons). The main churches, or parishes, in Uppsala were the Holy Trinity Church, or "Farmer's Church" (Swedish: Bondekyrkan) as it was often called, Saint Peter's church (Swedish: St. Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the Pers kyrka), Our Lady's church (Swedish: Vår Fru) and a Franciscan friary. Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the The last three existed on the east side of the Fyris River (Swedish: Fyrisån), which was, and is, the central business district, but were successively torn down during the Reformation. Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time
The Cathedral was also the coronation church for many of Sweden's kings and queens. It housed coronations from the middle ages, up until the end of the 17th century. Thereafter, up until 1872 (when Oscar II was the last Swedish monarch to be ceremonially crowned) Stockholm's Cathedral Storkyrkan was the official coronation church. Early life At his birth in Stockholm Oscar Frederik was created Duke of Östergötland.
Interred notables
A number of Swedish kings and prolific personalities lie buried inside, among others:
- Gustav Vasa, 16th century, King of Sweden. Gustav I, born Gustav Eriksson (Colloquial 15th century Upplandic Gösta Jerksson) and later known as Gustav Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September He is buried with his three wives, although only two are depicted on the sarcophagus designed by Willem Boy. Willem Boy (Guillaume Boyen (died 1592 was a Flemish painter, Sculptor, and Architect active in Sweden from around 1558 until his The king was interred in what was once the chapel of the Virgin Mary. The only indication of this in our day are the painted yellow stars against a blue background on the vaulted ceiling of the chapel, which are symbols of Saint Mary in Catholic tradition.
- John III of Sweden and his wife Catherine Jagiellon. John III (Johan III Juhana III (20 December 1537 – 17 November 1592 was King of Sweden from 1568 until his death Catherine Jagiellon (Katarzyna Jagiellonka Katariina Jagellonica Katarina
- Carolus Linnaeus, 18th century, world renowned botanist. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for
- Olof Rudbeck, famous Swedish polymath and one of the discoverers of the lymphatic system (He also wrote Atlantica, a book in which he attempted to demonstrate that all peoples of the world originated in Sweden, and that Uppsala was the lost Atlantis). Olaus Rudbeck (also known as Olof Rudbeck the Elder, to distinguish him from his son and occasionally with the surname Latinized as Olaus Rudbeckius) (1630-1702
- Emanuel Swedenborg, 18th century, scientist and mystic. (born Emanuel Swedberg; February 8 1688–March 29 1772 was a Swedish Scientist, Philosopher, Christian mystic, and Theologian He was not originally interred here, but his earthly remains were transported to Uppsala from England in 1908. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland
- Nathan Söderblom, 19th-20th century, notable archbishop. Lars Olof Jonathan Söderblom ( 15 January 1866 &ndash 12 July 1931) was a Swedish clergyman Archbishop of Uppsala in
- Eric the Saint, 12th century. Eric ( IX) of Sweden (or Erik the Lawgiver or Erik the Saint. King and national saint.
- Laurentius Petri Sweden's first Lutheran archbishop. Laurentius Petri Nericius ( Örebro 1499 – 27 October 1573) was a Swedish clergyman and the first Evangelical Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther
- In modern times some relics of Saint Bridgette (Heliga Birgitta) are placed in the chapel of Saint Erik and the parents of Saint Bridgette.
Dag Hammarskjöld Memorial
In the cathedral there is also a small memorial to Dag Hammarskjöld, former UN Secretary-General. Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld ( (29 July 1905 &ndash 18 September 1961 was a Swedish Diplomat, Christian mystic, and the second Secretary-General The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. On a stone it says:
Icke jag utan gud i mig Dag Hammarskjöld 1905 - 1961
"Not I, but God in me. "
See also
External links
The Church of Sweden (Svenska kyrkan Ruoŧa girkui is the largest church in Sweden. The Archbishop of Uppsala (spelled Upsala until early 20th century has been the primate in Sweden in an unbroken succession since 1164 first during the Catholic The Temple at Uppsala was a religious site in Gamla Uppsala (Old Uppsala near modern Uppsala, Sweden, that was created to worship the Norse godsDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic