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This article is about Universalism in religion and theology. For other uses of the word, see Universalism (disambiguation).

Universalism is a religion and theology that generally holds all persons and creatures are related to God or the divine and will be reconciled to God. A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective A church that calls itself Universalist may emphasize the universal principles of most religions and accept other religions in an inclusive manner, believing in a universal reconciliation between humanity and the divine. Other religions may have Universalist theology as one of their tenets and principles, including Christianity, Hinduism, and some of the New Age religions. New Age ( New Age Movement and New Age Spirituality) is a Social Collective Phenomenon and a Spiritual Nature Universalist beliefs exist within many faiths, and many Universalists practice in a variety of traditions, drawing upon the same universal principles.

The most common principle drawn upon is love. (Sai Baba/Baba Speech): "The spirit present in all of the beings is varily seen as that of mind. Sai Baba may refer to Sai Baba of Shirdi (d 1918 Indian saint Sathya Sai Baba (b They are all full of the essential love. Without love, it is all just a pun, without love you can not be happy !"

Truth is also an important principle to be drawn upon. The living truth is more far-reaching than national, cultural, even faith boundaries. [1]

Contents

Christianity

Main article: Universal reconciliation

In Christianity, Universalism refers to the belief that all humans will be saved through Jesus Christ and eventually come to a harmony in God's kingdom. Universal reconciliation, also called universal salvation or sometimes simply universalism, is the Christian doctrine or belief that all will receive Salvation Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) A related doctrine, apokatastasis, is the belief that all mortal beings will be reconciled to God, including Satan and his fallen angels. Universalism was a fairly commonly held view among theologians in early Christianity: In the first five or six centuries of Christianity there were six known theological schools, of which four (Alexandria, Antioch, Cesarea, and Edessa or Nisibis) were Universalist, one (Ephesus) accepted conditional immortality, and one (Carthage or Rome) taught the endless punishment of the lost. [2]. The two major theologians opposing it were Tertullian and Augustine. Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus, Anglicised as Tertullian, (ca In later centuries, Universalism has become very much a minority position in the major branches of Christianity, though it has a long history of prominent adherents.

See also

Hinduism

Hindu Universalism denotes the ideology that all religions are true and therefore worthy of toleration and respect. Universal reconciliation, also called universal salvation or sometimes simply universalism, is the Christian doctrine or belief that all will receive Salvation The Primitive Baptist Universalists (or PBU s are a Calvinist Christian Universalist sect based primarily in the central Appalachian region of the United The New Church Swedenborgianism is the belief system developed from the writings of the Swedish theologian Emanuel Swedenborg (1688 – 1772 Swedenborgianism The New Church is the name for a religious movement described in the writings of Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772 Trinitarian Universalism is a formulation of Universalism, the belief that every person will be saved that is centered and based on the Christian Trinitarianism The Universalist Church of America was a Christian Universalist religious denomination in the United States (plus affiliated Churches in other parts of the world A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Veneration for all other religions was articulated by Gandhi:

"After long study and experience, I have come to the conclusion that [1] all religions are true; [2] all religions have some error in them; [3] all religions are almost as dear to me as my own Hinduism, in as much as all human beings should be as dear to one as one's own close relatives. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January My own veneration for other faiths is the same as that for my own faith; therefore no thought of conversion is possible. " (M. K. Gandhi, All Men Are Brothers: Life and Thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi as told in his own words, Paris, UNESCO 1958, p 60. )

In Ananda Marga a branch of Hinduism, Universalism refers to the idea that energy and matter are evolved from cosmic consciousness. Ananda Marga, officially known as Ananda Marga Pracharaka Samgha (AMPS meaning "the organization for the propagation of the path of bliss " is Cosmic consciousness is the concept that the Universe is a living Superorganism with which animals including humans interconnect and form a collective Thus, all created beings are of one universal family. This is an expansion of humanism to include everything as family, based on the fundamental truth that the universe is a thought projection from the Supreme. Humanism is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appealing to universal

Judaism

Judaism teaches that God chose the Jewish people to be in a unique covenant with God, and one of their beliefs is that Jewish people were charged by the Torah with a specific mission — to be a light unto the nations, and to exemplify the covenant with God as described in the Torah to other nations. God is the principal or sole Deity in Religions and other belief systems that worship one deity. In Judaism chosenness is the belief that the Jews are the Chosen people: chosen to be in a Covenant with God. term " Torah " ( Hebrew: תּוֹרָה "teaching" or "instruction" sometimes translated as "Law" most commonly refers to Not explicitly a Universal theology, this view, however, did not preclude others nations from a belief that God also has a relationship with other peoples — rather, Judaism held that God had entered into a covenant with all mankind as Noachides, and that Jews and non-Jews alike have a relationship with God. God is the principal or sole Deity in Religions and other belief systems that worship one deity. B'nei Noah ( Hebrew: בני נוח) or Children of Noah or Noahides is a modern monotheistic movement which observes the Seven Laws of Noah

See also: Jewish views of religious pluralism

Islam

Muslims believe that God sent the Holy Qur'an to bring peace and harmony to humanity through Islam (submission to God). Religious pluralism is a set of religious world views that hold that one's religion is not the sole and exclusive source of truth and thus recognizes that some level of truth and value exists in A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion In Islam, God is believed to be the only real supreme being all-powerful and all knowing Creator Sustainer Ordainer and Judge of the universe Islam puts a heavy emphasis SACRED was a Cubesat built by the Student Satellite Program of the University of Arizona. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. [3] [4] Muhammad's worldwide mission was to establish universal peace under the Khilafat. IMPORTANT PLEASE READ ##### For all questions relating to the addition of (pbuh peace be upon him or other honorifics A caliphate (from the Arabic خلافة or khilāfa) is the political leadership of the Muslim community in classical and medieval Islamic history [5] The Khilafat was intended to ensure security of the lives and property of non-Muslims under the dhimmi system, as well as according them certain rights of worship. A dhimmi ( ذمي, collectively أهل الذمة, ahl al-dhimma, the people of the dhimma or pact of protection Ottoman Turkish

Although that system was initially for what Islam defines as the "people of the book" (i. This article is about the theological concept in Islam. For the novel by Geraldine Brooks see People of the Book (novel. e. Jews and Christians), some Muslims extend this to include Mandeans, Zoroastrians, and Hindus. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Mandaeism or Mandaeanism ( Mandaic: Mandaiuta, مندائية Mandā'iyya) is a Monotheistic Religion with a strongly Zoroastrianism (ˌzɔroʊˈæstriəˌnɪzəm is the religion and philosophy based on the teachings Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent. Other Muslims disagree, and hold that adherents of these faiths cannot be dhimmi.

The Muslim ideal of universal brotherhood is the Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) prescribed by Islam. The Hajj (حج is a pilgrimage to Mecca (Makkah It is the largest annual pilgrimage in the world Mecca ˈmɛkə also spelled Makkah ˈmækə (in full Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Arabic mækːæ(t ælmʊkarˑamæ مكّة المكرمة, literally Honored Each year close to three million people from every corner of the globe assemble in Mecca to perform Hajj and worship God. No individual can be identified as a king or pauper because every man is dressed in ihram clothing. This is a sub-article of Ihram. Ihram clothing (also spelt Ahram clothing includes men's and women's garments worn by Muslim people during

Forms of God

Jesus Christ is said to be the son of God the Father and Mary, who is not considered to be God the Mother but the Mother of God. In Christianity there is no being thought to be female and divine. Allah is thought to be without form, but some think Allah to be male like Jewish and Christian God the Father. Hinduism knows divine motherly beings as well as Great Mother. Girindrasekhar Bose, the founder of Indian Psychoanalytic Society, in his correspondence with Sigmund Freud "pointed to the importance of the maternal deities in his culture. Sigmund Freud (ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt born Sigismund Shlomo Freud (May 6 1856 &ndash September 23 1939 was an Austrian Psychiatrist who founded Other Indian psychoanalysts even criticized classical Freudian psychoanalysis for being a product of a 'Father religion or Son religion'. " [6]

Quotation

“ I believe in the fundamental Truth of all great religions of the world. I believe they are all God given and I believe they were necessary for the people to whom these religions were revealed. And I believe that if only we could all of us read the scriptures of the different faiths from the standpoint of the followers of these faiths, we should find that they were at the bottom all one and were all helpful to one another.

- M K Gandhi

 ”

References

  1. ^ The Gandhi Foundation The Gandhi Foundation, in collaboration with West London Synagogue, held a Multifaith Celebration in honour of Gandhi (60 years since his assassination) on 30th January 2008.
  2. ^ The Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, vol. 12, p. 96; retrieved Dec. 31, 2006
  3. ^ Islam and Universal Peace Sayyid Qutb1977 ISBN:B0006CU4HG
  4. ^ Islam And Universal Brotherhood
  5. ^ Islam stands for universal peace
  6. ^ Freud on Garuda's Wings, Psychoanalysis in Colonial India

Further reading

See also

External links

Opposing Universalism

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The following religious groups are often confused with one another:

Unification Church | Unity Church | Universal Life Church | Unitarian Universalist Association | Canadian Unitarian Council

United and uniting churches: Churches Uniting in Christ | United Church of Canada |
United Church of Christ | United Methodist Church | United Free Church of Scotland | United Reformed Church | Uniting Church in Australia
The Unification Church is a New religious movement founded by Korean religious leader Sun Myung Moon. Unity also known as Unity School of Christianity and informally as Unity Church, is a school of thought founded upon holistic Christian principles The Universal Life Church (or ULC) is a religious organization that offers anyone semi-immediate Ordination as a ULC minister free of charge Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA in full the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations in North America, is a liberal religious association The Canadian Unitarian Council (CUC is the national body for Unitarian Universalists in Canada. United and uniting churches are churches formed from the merger or other form of union of two or more different Protestant denominations. Churches Uniting in Christ (CUIC brings together ten mainline American denominations (including both predominantly white and predominantly The United Church of Canada was founded in 1925 as a merger of four Christian denominations two thirds of the Presbyterian Church in Canada (then the largest Canadian Protestant The United Church of Christ ( UCC) is a mainline Protestant Christian denomination principally in the United States, The United Methodist Church is the largest Methodist denomination and the second largest Protestant denomination in the United States. The United Free Church of Scotland (or ‘UF Church’ is a Scottish Presbyterian denomination formed in 1900 by the union of the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland An unrelated American church of similar name is the United Reformed Churches in North America. The Uniting Church in Australia ( UCA) was formed on June 22 1977 when many congregations of the Methodist Church of Australasia,

Dictionary

universalism

-noun

  1. the theological belief that all souls can attain salvation
  2. the state of being universal
  3. A part of Unitarian Universalism
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