Unalaska, Alaska
Aerial view of Unalaska
Location of Unalaska, Alaska
Coordinates: 53°53′20″N 166°31′38″W / 53.88889, -166.52722
Country	United States
State	Alaska
Census Area	Aleutians West
Area
- Total	212. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent The US state of Alaska is not divided into counties, as are 48 other states but it is divided into boroughs ( Louisiana is divided into parishes Aleutians West Census Area is a Census area located in the US Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 3 sq mi (549. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 9 km²)
- Land	111. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 0 sq mi (287. 5 km²)
- Water	101. 3 sq mi (262. 4 km²)
Elevation	13 ft (4 m)
Population (2000)
- Total	4,283
- Density	38. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6/sq mi (14. 9/km²)
Time zone	Alaska (AKST) (UTC-9)
- Summer (DST)	AKDT (UTC-8)
Area code(s)	907
FIPS code	02-80770
GNIS feature ID	1419424

Satellite shot of the islands of Umnak (left) and Unalaska (right)

Unalaska (Iluulux̂^[1] in Aleut) (pronounced OON-alaska) is a small city in the Aleutians West Census Area of the Unorganized Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska. The Alaska Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting nine hours from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC-9) The UTC−9 time zone is used in French Polynesia Gambier Islands United States (AKST— Alaska Standard Daylight saving time ( DST UTC−8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Universal Coordinated Time by 8 hours A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 907 covers the entire state of Alaska, except for the small southeastern Alaska community of Hyder Alaska, which uses the 250 Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout Aleut ( Unangam Tunuu) is a language of the Eskimo-Aleut Language family. Aleutians West Census Area is a Census area located in the US The Unorganized Borough is that part of the US state of Alaska not contained in any of its 17 organized Boroughs. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent Unalaska is located on Unalaska Island and neighboring Amaknak Island in the Aleutian Islands off of mainland Alaska. Unalaska ( Nawan-Alaxsxa in Aleut) is an Island in the Fox Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in the U Amaknak Island or Umaknak Island ( Amaxnax̂ in Aleut) is an islet in Unalaska Bay northeast of Unalaska Island in the Fox Islands The Aleutian Islands (possibly from Chukchi aliat, " Island " are a chain of more than 300 small volcanic islands forming a Volcanic

According to 2005 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city is 4,347. ^[2] Almost all of the community's port facilities are on Amaknak Island, better known as Dutch Harbor or just "Dutch". Dutch Harbor lies within the city limits of Unalaska and is connected to Unalaska by a bridge. Amaknak Island is home to almost 59 percent of the city's population, although it has less than 3 percent of its land area.

The Aleut or Unangan have lived on Unalaska Island for thousands of years. The Aleuts ( self-denomination from Aleut language allíthuh 'community' older or regional self-denomination Unangax̂, Unangan or ^[3] The Russian fur trade reached Unalaska when Stepan Glotov and his crew arrived on August 1, 1759. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal Fur. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Unangan people,who were the first to inhabit the island of Unalaska, named it “Ounalashka” meaning ‘Near the Peninsula’. The name Unalaska is probably an English variation of this name. The regional native corporation has adopted this moniker, and is known as the Ounalashka Corporation. [1] Dutch Harbor was so named by the Russians because they believed that a Dutch vessel was the first European ship to enter the harbor.

Geography

Unalaska is located at 53°53′20″N, 166°31′38″W. ^[4]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 212. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 3 square miles (549. 9 km²), of which, 111. 0 square miles (287. 5 km²) of it is land and 101. 3 square miles (262. 4 km²) of it (47. 71%) is water.

Makushin Volcano (5691 ft/1,735 m) is located on the island; it is not quite visible from within the town of Unalaska, though the steam rising from its cone is visible on a (rare) clear day. Makushin Volcano (also known as Mount Makushin) is a Stratovolcano located on Unalaska Island in the Aleutian Islands of the U Denizens of Unalaska need only to climb one of the smaller hills in the area, such as Pyramid Peak or Mt. Newhall, to get a good look at the snow-covered cone.

Aerial view of the Point Kadin vents, a series of post- glacial explosion pits and small cinder cones that occur along a fracture zone northwest of the summit of Makushin Volcano.

Climate

As in all of the Aleutian islands, the climate of Unalaska is oceanic with moderate and fairly uniform temperatures and heavy rainfall. An oceanic climate (also called marine west coast climate and maritime climate) is the Climate typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes Fogs are almost constant. Summer weather is much cooler than Southeast Alaska (Sitka), but the winter temperature is nearly the same. The mean annual temperature for Unalaska is about 38 °F (3. 4 °C), being about 30 °F (−1. 1 °C) in January and about 52 °F (11. 1 °C) in August. With about 250 rainy days a year, Unalaska is said to be the rainiest place in the United States.

Demographics

As of the census^[5] of 2000, there were 4,283 people, 834 households, and 476 families residing in the city. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 38. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6 people per square mile (14. 9/km²). There were 988 housing units at an average density of 8. 9/sq mi (3. 4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 44. 20% White, 3. 67% Black or African American, 7. 70% Native American, 30. 63% Asian, 0. 56% Pacific Islander, 9. 32% from other races, and 3. 92% from two or more races. 12. 86% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 834 households out of which 36. 9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47. 1% were married couples living together, 4. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42. 9% were non-families. 32. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 1. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 51 and the average family size was 3. 27.

In the city the population was spread out with 14. 6% under the age of 18, 7. 6% from 18 to 24, 50. 9% from 25 to 44, 25. 4% from 45 to 64, and 1. 6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 194. 8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 218. 7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $69,539, and the median income for a family was $80,829. Males had a median income of $41,352 versus $29,766 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,676. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 2. 0% of families and 12. 5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 8% of those under age 18 and 15. 8% of those age 65 or over.

History

The port of Unalaska in 1816

The island of Unalaska was first inhabited by the Unangan people, which they named "Ounalashka", meaning: "Near the Peninsula". Unalaska ( Nawan-Alaxsxa in Aleut) is an Island in the Fox Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in the U The Aleuts ( self-denomination from Aleut language allíthuh 'community' older or regional self-denomination Unangax̂, Unangan or They developed an intricate and complex society long before their first contact with the Russian fur traders who would document their existence. The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal Fur.

Unalaska and Amaknak Islands contained 24 settlements with more than 1,000 Aleut inhabitants in 1759, when the first Russian group under Stepan Glotov came and started trading for three years on Umnak and Unalaska. The Aleuts ( self-denomination from Aleut language allíthuh 'community' older or regional self-denomination Unangax̂, Unangan or Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Umnak ( Unmax in Aleut) is one of the Fox Islands of the Aleutian Islands. Between 1763 and 1766, a conflict between the Russian fur traders and the Unalaska Natives occurs; the Aleuts destroy four Russian ships and kill 175 hunters/traders. Year 1763 ( MDCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1766 ( MDCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Solov'ev then returns to Unalaska and directs the massacre of many Natives. In 1768, Unalaska became a Russian trading port for the fur seal industry, which was eventually monopolized by the Russian-American Company. Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Russian-American Company ( Under His Imperial Majesty's Protection Russian-American Company)was a state-sponsored Trading company begun by Grigory and Natalia It was there that Captain James Cook encountered the navigator Gerasim Izmailov in 1778. Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and Gerasim Grigoryevich Izmailov (Russian Герасим Григорьевич Измайлов circa 1745 - after 1795 was a Russian navigator involved Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or

On August 5, 1788, Spain claims Unalaska and names it: "Puerto de Dona Marie Luisa Teresa". Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.

In 1825, the Russian Orthodox Church of the Holy Ascension of Christ was built in Unalaska. Year 1825 ( MDCCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common See also Eastern Orthodox Church Structure and organization The Slavic Orthodox Church is organized in a hierarchical structure The founding priest, Ivan Veniaminov, composed the first Aleut writing system with local assistance, and translated scripture into Aleut. Saint Innocent of Alaska ( August 26, 1797 - March 31, 1879) also known as Saint Innocent of Moscow was a Russian Orthodox Between 1936 and 1940, measles, chicken-pox and whooping-cough epidemics drastically reduce the population; thus, at the end of the decade, only 200 to 400 Aleuts lived in Unalaska. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Measles (rubeola is a Disease caused by a virus specifically a Paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus. Chickenpox is a highly contagious illness caused by primary infection with Varicella zoster virus (VZV Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious Disease caused by the Bacterium Bordetella pertussis; it derived its

Russian Orthodox church

On October 18, 1867 the United States purchased Alaska, making Unalaska part of the U. Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Alaska Purchase (otherwise known as Seward's Folly or Seward's Icebox) by the United States from the Russian Empire occurred in 1867 at the behest S. territory. In 1880, the Methodist Church opened a school and a clinic for orphans in Unalaska. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Between 1899 and 1905, the Gold Rush brings many ships through Dutch Harbor where the North American Commercial Company has a coaling station. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers into the area of a dramatic discovery of commercial quantities of Gold. A coaling station is a Seaport built for the purpose of replenishing supplies including but by no means limited to Coal. During the first half of the century, the island is touched by numerous epidemics, first in 1900, and then in 1919 the Spanish flu touches the island: these contribute to a dramatic decrease of the population in Unalaska. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The 1918 flu pandemic (commonly referred to as the Spanish flu) was an Influenza Pandemic that spread to nearly every part of the world

On June 3, 1942, during World War II, Unalaska was attacked by the Japanese in the Battle of Dutch Harbor, part of the Aleutian Islands campaign. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Battle of Dutch Harbor took place June 3 &ndash June 4, 1942 and was an air and naval battle of the Aleutian Islands Campaign of The Aleutian Islands campaign was a struggle over the Aleutian Islands, part of Alaska, in the Pacific campaign of World War II. Almost all of the native residents of the island were sent to Southeast Alaska for internment for the duration of the war. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial

Then in the 1950's, the king crab industry began. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive Alaskan king crab fishing is carried out during the winter months in the waters off the coast of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands. This would make Dutch Harbor the number one fishing port in the United States in 1978. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) In 1982 through the king crab stocks crash the fishing fleet began conversion to bottom fishing in 1986. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Bottom fishing, called legering in the United Kingdom, is Fishing the bottom of a body of water Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) The king crab industry is still a major economic resource for Unalaska today. ^[6]

Economy

The port of Unalaska/Dutch Harbor is the main port and field base for the storied Bering Sea crab fishery. The Dutch Harbor crabbing fleet is featured in the television show Deadliest Catch, a documentary style show on the Discovery Channel, and Dutch Harbor's facilities and local pub are featured prominently in numerous episodes. Deadliest Catch is a documentary television series produced by Original Productions of Burbank California for the Discovery Channel Discovery Channel is an American Satellite and Cable TV channel (also delivered via IPTV, Terrestrial television and

Dutch Harbor has also been the largest fisheries port in the United States, in terms of volume of seafood caught, for nearly every year since 1981. ^[7][8] Until 2000, it also ranked first in terms of the dollar value of its catch; since 2000, however, the port of New Bedford, Massachusetts, has outranked Dutch Harbor in that category. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. ^[9]

A pilot project in Unalaska/Dutch Harbor, Alaska, is producing fish oil biodiesel from the local fish processing industry in conjunction with the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Fish oil is Oil derived from the tissues of Oily fish. Fish oil is recommended for a healthy diet because it contains the Omega-3 Biodiesel refers to a non-petroleum-based Diesel fuel consisting of short chain Alkyl ( Methyl or ethyl) Esters made by In the Fishing industry, fish processing or fish products industry refers to processing Fish delivered by Fisheries, which are the The University of Alaska Fairbanks, located in Fairbanks, Alaska, USA is the flagship campus of the University of Alaska System, and is abbreviated as It is rarely economic to ship the fish oil elsewhere and Alaskan communities are heavily dependent on diesel power generation. The local factories project 3. 5 million tons of fish oil annually.

Transportation

The State of Alaska owns a 3,900 feet long by 100 feet wide paved runway, where daily flights are scheduled. A runway ( RWY) is a strip of land on an Airport, on which Aircraft can take off and land. Because of the very harsh weather conditions around Unalaska, about a fifth of those flights are cancelled. A seaplane base is also available. The State Ferry operates twice a month from Kodiak between April and October. Out of the ten major docks in Unalaska, three are operated by the City. A World War II sub dock was refurbished and now offers ship repair services. ^[10] There are approximately 7 miles of paved road, and 38 miles of road total in Unalaska. ^[11]

Government

Unalaska has a mayor-council form of government, with a mayor of limited powers. The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern The mayor serves a three-year term, as do council members. Term of office refers to the length of time a person (usually a politician serves in a particular office [2] However, council terms are staggered.

The current mayor is Shirley Marquardt; her term expires in October of 2010. The city's longest serving mayor was Frank Kelty, who was elected to five consecutive terms. Frank Victor Kelty is a former politician from Alaska. He is arguably still the most influential person within both the business and the governmental circles of Dutch Harbor/Unalaska

Education

Unalaska is served by the Unalaska City School District.

The Unalaska Elementary School serves grades K-4 and Unalaska Junior/Senior High School serves grades 5 through 12.

The Unalaska City School was voted one of the best 100 school districts in the United States by Offspring Magazine, a Forbes publication. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly It has also consistently been one of the highest scoring schools in Alaska in both the Standards-based exams and Alaska Exit Exam. In 2006, the Alaska Association of School Boards awarded the school district with the Outstanding School Board Award and Superintendent of the Year award. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

The University of Alaska, Fairbanks also has a campus in Unalaska, the University of Alaska, Aleutian Pribilof campus. The University of Alaska Fairbanks, located in Fairbanks, Alaska, USA is the flagship campus of the University of Alaska System, and is abbreviated as This college is part of the College of Rural Alaska network and offers both conventional classroom and distance classes. ^[12]

See also

• Umnak
• Unalaska
• Aleutian Islands
• Deadliest Catch

References

External links

• Official website of Unalaska, Alaska
• Unalaska/Port of Dutch Harbor Convention and Visitors Bureau
• Museum of the Aleutians, which can be found in Unalaska

• Unalaska, Alaska is at coordinates 53°53′20″N 166°31′38″W / 53.888984, -166.527239 (Unalaska, Alaska)Coordinates: 53°53′20″N 166°31′38″W / 53.888984, -166.527239 (Unalaska, Alaska)