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The Ulster Volunteers were a unionist militia founded in 1912 to block Home Rule for Ireland. Unionism in Ireland, is a belief in the desirability of a full constitutional and institutional relationship between Ireland and Great Britain based on the terms and The Home Rule Act of 1914, also known as the ( Irish) Third Home Rule Act (or Bill) and formally known as the Government of Ireland Act 1914 In 1913 they were organised into the Ulster Volunteer Force. A modern loyalist paramilitary group founded in 1966 shares the same name (Ulster Volunteer Force or UVF), and lays claims to a direct descendancy from the older organisation, but there were no organisational links between the two. The Ulster Volunteer Force (more commonly referred to as the UVF) is a Loyalist group in Northern Ireland.

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Ulster Volunteers

The original Ulster Volunteers were formed by Edward Carson and James Craig as Unionist militias in the tensions surrounding the potential success of the third Irish Home Rule Bill. Edward Henry Carson Baron Carson, PC, Kt, KC (often known as Sir Edward Carson or Lord Carson) ( James Craig 1st Viscount Craigavon, Bart, PC ( 8 January 1871 – 24 November 1940) was a prominent Irish unionist Unionism in Ireland, is a belief in the desirability of a full constitutional and institutional relationship between Ireland and Great Britain based on the terms and The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary Citizens to provide defense emergency law enforcement or Paramilitary service The Home Rule Act of 1914, also known as the ( Irish) Third Home Rule Act (or Bill) and formally known as the Government of Ireland Act 1914 At the start of 1912, Unionists and members of the Orange Order started drilling and on 9 April (Easter Tuesday) Carson and Conservative Andrew Bonar Law reviewed 100,000 Ulster Volunteers marching in columns. The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order or the Orange Lodge, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 &ndash 30 October 1923 was a Canadian -born British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. [1] On 28 September 237,368 men signed the Ulster Covenant pledged to "using all means which may be found necessary to defeat the present conspiracy to set up a Home Rule Parliament in Ireland", with the support of 234,046 women. Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. The Ulster Covenant was signed by just under half a million of men and women from Ulster, on and before September 28, 1912, in protest against the [2]


On 13 January 1913, the Ulster Volunteer Force was formally established by the Ulster Unionist Council. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Ulster Unionist Party ( UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP or in a historic sense simply the Unionist Party Recruitment was to be limited to 100,000 men aged from 17 to 65 who had signed the Covenant, under the charge of Lieutenant-General Sir George Richardson KCB. [3]

During this time the unionists enjoyed the wholehearted support of the British Conservative Party, even when threatening rebellion against the British government. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at On 23 September 1913 the 500 delegates of the Ulster Unionist Council met to discuss the practicalities of setting up a provisional government for Ulster. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common [4]

Carson and Craig, supported by some British Conservative politicians, threatened to establish a Provisional government in Ulster should the province be included in any Home Rule settlement. Ulster ( Ulaidh ˈkwɪɟɪ ˈʌlˠu / ˈʌlˠi is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in addition to Connacht, Munster and Leinster In April 1914 30,000 German rifles with 3,000,000 rounds were landed at Larne, with the authorities blockaded by the UVF (see Larne gunrunning). The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Larne (&mdashthe domain of a Viking chieftain is a substantial seaport and industrial Town on the east coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland Larne Gun Running occurred in 1914 when loyalists in Ulster, Ireland, who were opposed to Home Rule in Ireland imported guns and ammunition The Curragh Incident showed it would be difficult to use the British army to coerce Ulster into home rule from Dublin. The Curragh Incident of March 20, 1914, also known as the Curragh Mutiny, occurred in the Curragh, County Kildare, These developments led to the formation of the Irish Volunteers by southern nationalists to ensure enactment of the proposed home rule act. The Irish Volunteers ( Óglaigh na hÉireann) was a military organisation established in 1913 by Irish nationalists. Irish nationalism (Náisiúnachas Éireannach refers to political and sociological movements and sentiment that embodies a love for Irish ancestry, culture and language and

The Irish Home Rule Act 1914 was eventually passed despite the objections of the House of Lords whose power of veto had been abolished under the Parliament Act, though Carson managed to force through a provision exempting part or all of Ulster; however the home rule issue was temporarily suspended by the outbreak of World War I. The Home Rule Act of 1914, also known as the ( Irish) Third Home Rule Act (or Bill) and formally known as the Government of Ireland Act 1914 The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords" The Parliament Acts are two Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom, passed in 1911 and 1949 that form part of the Constitution of the United World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Many UVF men enlisted, mostly with the British 36th (Ulster) Division [5] of the New British Army. The 36th (Ulster Division was a division of Lord Kitchener's New Army formed in September 1914 The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army, was an (initially all-volunteer army formed in the United Kingdom following the outbreak of hostilities in Others joined Irish regiments of the United Kingdom's 10th and 16th (Irish) Divisions. An Irish regiment is a Regiment (or similar military unit excluding those actually in the Irish Defence Forces, that at some time in its history has or had intentional The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 By the Summer 1916, only the Ulster and 16th divisions remained, the 10th amalgamated into both following severe losses in Gallipoli. Both of the remaining divisions suffered heavy casualties in July 1916 during the Battle of the Somme, to be largely decimated in 1918 during the German Spring Offensive. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Battle of the Somme, also known as the Somme Offensive, fought from July to November 1916 was among the largest battles of the First World War The 1918 Spring Offensive or Kaiserschlacht ( Kaiser's Battle) and also known as the Ludendorff Offensive was a series of German attacks along the

Partition

The Government of Ireland Act 1920 provided Home Rule for Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland, giving Northern Ireland the option of Irish unity or Irish partition; the Unionist dominated Parliament of Northern Ireland chose partition, while in the south Irish republicans launched the Anglo-Irish War which led to the creation of the Irish Free State. An Act to Provide for the Better Government of Ireland, more usually the Government of Ireland Act 1920, (and sometimes called the Fourth Home Rule Act) was an Act Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of Southern Ireland (Deisceart Éireann was the short lived autonomous region (or Constituent country) of the United Kingdom established on 3 May The Partition of Ireland took place on 3 May 1921 under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. The Irish War of Independence (or Tan War, or Anglo-Irish War, Irish: Cogadh na Saoirse) from January 1919 to July 1921 was a guerrilla The Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann (1922&ndash1937 was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by Many Ulstermen saw this as a reward for their loyal service during the war; others preferred to retain direct rule from London.

Certain remnants of the group reformed in 1920 and were used as special constables (B-Specials). Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar A special (police constable ( SC or SPC) is a law enforcement officer who is not a regular member of a police force but is a member of a volunteer police auxiliary The Ulster Special Constabulary (USC (commonly called the "B-Specials" was a reserve police force in Ireland. They were widely accused on attacks on the Catholic/Irish nationalist population of Northern Ireland during the Anglo-Irish War 1919-1921, in reprisal for Irish Republican Army attacks on civilian, police, and military targets. Irish nationalism (Náisiúnachas Éireannach refers to political and sociological movements and sentiment that embodies a love for Irish ancestry, culture and language and The Irish Republican Army ( IRA) (Óglaigh na hÉireann was a military organisation descended from the Irish Volunteers, established 25 November 1913 and who

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ BBC Short History of Ireland: Home Rule promised
  2. ^ Historyworld: Ulster volunteers and Irish volunteers: AD 1911-1914
  3. ^ South Belfast Friends of the Somme Association The UVF was formed in 1913 although commonly referred to being formed in 1912. The Irish Volunteers ( Óglaigh na hÉireann) was a military organisation established in 1913 by Irish nationalists. The National Volunteers was the name taken by the majority of the Irish Volunteers that sided with Irish Parliamentary Party leader John Redmond after the The Battle of the Somme, also known as the Somme Offensive, fought from July to November 1916 was among the largest battles of the First World War
  4. ^ HM Hyde; Carson. p340-341.
  5. ^ Fisk says 35,000 enlisted. 5,000 being killed during the attack on German lines at Thiepval on the Somme. Thiepval is a commune in the Somme département in the Picardie region of France. P. 15.

Sources/Further Information


The Somme is a department of France, located in the north of the country and named after the Somme river.
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