| Ulf von Euler | |
| Born | February 07, 1905 Stockholm, Sweden |
|---|---|
| Died | March 09, 1983 (age 78) |
| Nationality | Sweden |
| Fields | Physiologist, Pharmacologist |
| Known for | Neurotransmitter, Norepinephrine, Prostaglandin |
| Notable awards |  Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine(1970) |
Ulf Svante von Euler (February 7, 1905 – March 9, 1983) was a Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Physiology (from Greek grc φύσις physis, "nature origin" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of the mechanical physical Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs See Chemical synapse for an introduction to concepts and terminology used in this article Norepinephrine ( INN) (abbreviated norepi or NE) or noradrenaline ( BAN) (abbreviated NA or NAd) is a A prostaglandin is any member of a group of Lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from Fatty acids and have important functions in the Animal body The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Physiology (from Greek grc φύσις physis, "nature origin" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of the mechanical physical Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs He won a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 for his work on neurotransmitters. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. See Chemical synapse for an introduction to concepts and terminology used in this article
Contents |
Life
Ulf S. von Euler was born in Stockholm, the son of two noted scientists, Dr. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the A scientist, in the broadest sense refers to any person that engages in a systematic activity to acquire Knowledge or an individual that engages in such practices Hans von Euler-Chelpin, a professor of chemistry, and Dr. Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin ( February 15, 1873 &ndash November 6, 1964) was a German -born Swedish Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Astrid Cleve, a professor of botany and geology. Astrid M Cleve von Euler ( January 22, 1875 - April 8, 1968) was a Swedish Botanist, Geologist, Chemist Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit His father was German and the recipient of Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1929, and his maternal grandfather was Per Teodor Cleve, Professor of Chemistry at the Uppsala University, and the discoverer of the chemical elements thulium and holmium. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. Per Teodor Cleve ( Stockholm February 10, 1840 &ndash Uppsala June 18, 1905) was a Swedish Chemist Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Uppsala University ( Swedish Uppsala universitet) is a world-class research University in Uppsala, Sweden. A chemical element is a type of Atom that is distinguished by its Atomic number; that is by the number of Protons in its nucleus. Thulium (ˈθjuːliəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Tm and Atomic number 69 Holmium (ˈhoʊlmiəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Ho and Atomic number 67
Enjoying such a privileged family environment in science, education and research, it is not surprising that young Ulf would become a scientist, too, so he went to study medicine at the Karolinska Institute in 1922. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Karolinska Institutet (often translated from Swedish into English as the Karolinska Institute, and in older texts often as the Royal Caroline Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. At Karolinska, he worked under Robin Fåhraeus in blood sedimentation and rheology and did research work on the pathophysiology of vasoconstriction. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR also called a sedimentation rate, sed rate, or Biernacki Reaction, is the rate at which Red blood cells Rheology is the study of the flow of matter mainly liquids but also soft solids or solids under conditions in which they flow rather than deform elastically Pathophysiology is the study of the disturbance of normal Mechanical, Physical, and Biochemical functions either caused by a Disease, or resulting Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels particularly the large Arteries, Arterioles He presented his doctoral thesis in 1930, and was appointed as Assistant Professor in Pharmacology in the same year, with the support of G. Liljestrand. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Göran Liljestrand ( 16 April 1886 &ndash 16 January 1968) Swedish Pharmacologist, known for the discovery of the Euler-Liljestrand From 1930 to 1931 von Ulf got a Rochester Fellowship to do his post-doctoral studies abroad. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He studied in England with Sir Henry Dale in London and with I. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Sir Henry Hallett Dale OM GBE FRS ( June 9, 1875 &ndash July 23, 1968) was an English Pharmacologist London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. de Burgh Daly in Birmingham, and then proceeded to the continent, studying with Corneille Heymans in Ghent, Belgium and with Gustav Embden in Frankfurt, Germany. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um Corneille Jean François Heymans ( March 28 1892, Ghent Belgium &ndash July 18 1968, Knokke, Belgium) was a Ghent (ˈɡɛnt Gent ʝɛnt in Dutch, Gand in French, and formerly Gaunt in English) is a City and a The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Gustav Georg Embden ( November 10, 1874 - July 25, 1933) was a German chemist who conducted studies on Carbohydrate Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Von Euler liked to travel, so he also worked and learned biophysics with Archibald Vivian Hill, again in London in 1934, and neuromuscular transmission with G. Biophysics (also biological physics) is an Interdisciplinary Science that employs and develops theories and methods of the Physical sciences for Archibald Vivian Hill CH CBE FRS ( 26 September 1886 &ndash 3 June 1977) was an English Physiologist Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A neuromuscular junction ( NMJ) is the Synapse or junction of the Axon terminal of a Motoneuron with the motor end plate, the L. Brown in 1938. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. From 1946 to 1947, he worked with Eduardo Braun-Menéndez in the Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental in Buenos Aires, which was founded by Bernardo Houssay. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Eduardo Braun-Menéndez ( January 16, 1903 – January 1959 was a noted Chilean-Argentine Physiologist. The Experimental Medicine and Biology Institute ( Spanish: Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IByME is a Research and development centre affiliated Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern Bernardo Alberto Houssay ( April 10, 1887 &ndash September 21, 1971) was an Argentine Physiologist who in 1947 with His unerring instinct to work with important scientific leaders and fields was to be proved by the fact that Dale, Heymans, Hill and Houssay went to receive the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine.
From 1930 to 1957, von Euler was married to Jane Sodenstierna. They had four children: Hans Leo, scientist administrator (retired) at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U. S. A. ; Johan Christopher, anesthesiologist, Serafimer Hospital, Stockholm; Ursula Katarina, Ph. D. , curator at The Royal Collections, The Royal Court, Stockholm, Sweden; and Marie Jane, Chemical Engineer, Melbourne, Australia. In 1958, von Euler married Dagmar Cronstedt, who had worked for Germany during the second world war at Radio Königsberg. Radio Königsberg was a Radio station which transmitted news related to Germany and Nazism during World War II.
Works
His short stay as a postdoctoral student in Dale's laboratory was very fruitful: in 1931 he discovered with John H. Gaddum an important autopharmacological principle, substance P. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sir John Henry Gaddum FRS ( 31 March 1900 - 30 June 1965) was a British Pharmacologist. In Neuroscience, Substance P is a Neuropeptide: a short-chain Polypeptide that functions as a Neurotransmitter and as a Neuromodulator After returning to Stockholm, von Euler pursued further this line of research, and successively discovered four other important endogenous active substances, prostaglandin, vesiglandin (1935), piperidine (1942) and noradrenaline (1946). A prostaglandin is any member of a group of Lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from Fatty acids and have important functions in the Animal body Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Piperidine is an Organic compound with the molecular formula (CH25NH Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Norepinephrine ( INN) (abbreviated norepi or NE) or noradrenaline ( BAN) (abbreviated NA or NAd) is a Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
In 1939 von Euler was appointed Full Professor of Physiology at the Karolinska Institute, where he remained until 1971. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. His early collaboration with Liljestrand had led to an important discovery, which was named the Euler-Liljestrand mechanism (a physiological arterial shunt in response to the decrease in local oxygenation of the lungs). The Euler-Liljestrand mechanism describes the connection between ventilation and Blood circulation ( Perfusion) of the Lung. lung is the essential Respiration organ in air-breathing Animals including most Tetrapods a few Fish and a few Snails The most primitive
From 1946 on, however, when noradrenaline was discovered, von Euler devoted most of his research work to this area. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He and his group studied thoroughly its distribution and fate in biological tissues and the in the nervous system in physiological and pathological conditions, and found that noradrenaline was produced and stored in nerve synaptic terminals in intracellular vesicles, a key discovery which changed dramatically the course of many researches in the field. Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism The nervous system is a Network of specialized cells that communicate information about an animal's surroundings and itself Chemical synapses are specialized junctions through which Neurons signal to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in Muscles or Glands In 1970 he was distinguished with the Nobel Prize for his work, jointly with Sir Bernard Katz and Julius Axelrod. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sir Bernard Katz, FRS ( 26 March 1911 &ndash 20 April 2003) was a German -born biophysicist, noted for his work Julius Axelrod ( May 30, 1912 &ndash December 29 2004) was an American biochemist. Since 1953 he was very active in the Nobel Foundation, being a member of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine and Chairman of the Board since 1965. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Nobel Foundation (Nobelstiftelsen is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. He also served as Vice-President of the International Union of Physiological Sciences from 1965 to 1971. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Among the many honorary titles and prizes he received in addition to the Nobel, were the Gairdner Prize (1961), the Jahre Prize (1965), the Stouffer Prize (1967), the Carl Ludwig Medaille (1953), the Schmiedeberg Plaquette (1969), La Madonnina (1970), many honorary doctorates from universities around the world, and the membership to several erudite, medical and scientific societies. The Gairdner Foundation International Award is given annually at a special dinner to three to six people for outstanding discoveries or contributions to medical science Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Dr. von Euler died on March 9th, 1983.
References
- Sabbatini, R. M. E. : Neurons and synapses. The history of its discovery IV. Chemical transmission. Brain & Mind, 2004.
External links
- Ulf von Euler - Biography. Nobel Foundation.
- 1931 Substance P Paper
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