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Career USN Jack
Ordered:
Laid down: 19 February 1921
Launched: 27 October 1923
Commissioned: 16 February 1925
Fate: Sunk by Japanese destroyer, 7 October 1943
Stricken:
General characteristics
Displacement: 850 tons surfaced, 1126 tons submerged
Length: 225 feet 3 inches
Beam: 20 feet 8 inches
Draft: 16 feet (5 m)
Propulsion:
Speed: 14. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 5 knots (27 km/h) surfaced, 11 knots (20 km/h) submerged
Range:
Complement: 42 officers and men
Armament: one four-inch (102 mm) gun, 4 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes
Motto:

USS S-44 (SS-155) was a third-group (S-42) S-class submarine of the United States Navy. Five classes of Submarine are known as the S class: The S class of three boats built by Scotts of Greenock in 1914&ndash1915

Her keel was laid down on 19 February 1921 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation in Quincy, Massachusetts. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Bethlehem Steel Corporation Shipbuilding Division was created in 1905 when Bethlehem Steel Corporation acquired the San Francisco shipyard Union Iron Works Quincy is a city in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. She was launched on 27 October 1923 sponsored by Mrs. The ceremonies involved in naming and launching naval ships are based in traditions thousands of years old Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. H. E. Grieshaber, and commissioned on 16 February 1925 with Lieutenant A. Commissioning is the act or ceremony of placing a ship in active service Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. H. Bateman in command.

S-44 operated off the New England coast into the summer of 1925. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the In late August, she departed New London, Connecticut, for Panama and, on 5 September, arrived at Coco Solo to join Submarine Division (SubDiv) 19. New London is a seaport city and a Port of entry on the northeast coast of the United States Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Coco Solo was a United States Navy Submarine base established in 1918 on the Atlantic Ocean (northwest side of the Panama Canal Zone, near With that division, she conducted training exercises, participated in fleet exercises and joint Army-Navy maneuvers, and made good will visits to various Caribbean and Pacific, Latin American ports until the spring of 1927. From that time to December 1930, she operated out of San Diego, California, with her division, interrupting exercises off southern California twice for fleet problems in Hawaiian waters. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the

In December 1930, the S-boat was transferred to Hawaii where her division, now SubDiv 11, was home ported for four years. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the The boats then returned to San Diego, California; and, in 1937, they were shifted back to Coco Solo. Coco Solo was a United States Navy Submarine base established in 1918 on the Atlantic Ocean (northwest side of the Panama Canal Zone, near

In the spring of 1941, as American involvement in World War II increased, the Panama S-boats were ordered back to the east coast for overhaul. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. With sister ships S-42 and S-46, S-44 proceeded to New London, Connecticut, and thence, in November, to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where the work was done. Early history After training exercises off southern New England, S-46 sailed for the Panama Canal Zone to join Submarine Division (SubDiv 19 New London is a seaport city and a Port of entry on the northeast coast of the United States Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə

Trials took S-44 into the new year, 1942; and, on 7 January, she got underway to return to Panama. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. Arriving on 16 January, she departed Balboa on 24 January with S-21, S-26, and S-28 to conduct a security patrol in the western approaches to the canal. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Balboa is a district of Panama City, located at the Pacific entrance to the Panama Canal. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Within a few hours, however, she was engaged in rescue operations for S-26 which had been rammed and sunk by submarine chaser PC-460.

From Panama, the division, now SubDiv 53, was ordered to the southwest Pacific. Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. Starting across the Pacific in early March, the boats reached Brisbane in mid-April, and within ten days, S-44 was underway on her first war patrol. Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland She cleared Moreton Bay on 24 April. Moreton Bay is a large bay on the eastern coast of Australia 19 km from Brisbane, Queensland. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Three days later, her port engine went out of commission, but, 36 hours of hard work and ingenuity put it back in operation. On 29 April, she began running submerged during the day and surfacing at night to recharge batteries and allow fresh air into the unairconditioned boat. Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. By 2 May, she was in her patrol area, New Britain-New Ireland waters. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. This article discusses the island of New Britain in Papua New Guinea New Ireland ( Tok Pisin: Niu Ailan) is a large Island in Papua New Guinea, approximately 8650 km² in area Six days later, she sighted a ship through a haze of rain, fired two torpedoes, missed, and attempted to close for another attempt. The surface ship soon outdistanced her. The next afternoon, she attempted to close a destroyer, east of Adler Bay, but was again easily outrun. In naval terminology a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance Warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, Convoy On 10 May, off Cape St. George, she closed another target but was sighted and attacked. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. Cape St George is the southernmost point on the island of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, at.

In late afternoon of 12 May, 15 miles (24 km) from the cape, she sighted a merchantman and a trawler escort. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. For the first time, the weather, her position, and the target's course were in her favor. She fired four torpedoes, scored with two, then submerged. Shoei Maru, a salvage vessel of over 5000 tons went under. Her escort went after S-44 and delivered sixteen or more depth charges, none of which was close. Depth Charge is a character in the Beast Wars: Transformers universe On 14 May, S-44 headed home, arriving at Brisbane on 23 May. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne

Overhaul followed, and, on 7 June, she again moved out of Moreton Bay on a course for the Solomon Islands. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Moreton Bay is a large bay on the eastern coast of Australia 19 km from Brisbane, Queensland. The Solomon Islands is a country in Melanesia, east of Papua New Guinea, consisting of nearly one thousand islands Within the week, she was on patrol off Guadalcanal, operating from that island to Savo and to Florida Island. Guadalcanal (local name Isatabu) is a 2510- Square mile (6500- km²) Island in the Pacific Ocean and a province of the Solomon The Florida Islands (or Nggela Islands) are a small island group in the Central Province of the Solomon Islands, a nation in the western Pacific Ocean A few days later, she shifted south of Guadalcanal and on 21 June, sent the converted gunboat, Keijo Maru, to the bottom. Guadalcanal (local name Isatabu) is a 2510- Square mile (6500- km²) Island in the Pacific Ocean and a province of the Solomon Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. The force of the explosion, the rain of debris, and the appearance and attack of a Japanese ASW plane forced S-44 down. At 1415, S-44 fired her torpedoes at the gunboat. At 1418, the enemy plane dropped a bomb which exploded close enough to bend the holding latch to the conning tower, allowing in 30 gallons of sea water, damaging the depth gauges, gyrocompass, and ice machine, and starting leaks. A gyrocompass is similar to a Gyroscope. It is a Compass that finds True north by using an (electrically powered fast-spinning wheel and friction Her number-one periscope was thought to be damaged; but, when the submarine surfaced for repairs, a Japanese seaman's coat was found wrapped around its head.

Three days later, S-44 was in Lunga Roads. On 26 June, poor weather set in and blanketed the area until the S-boat turned for home. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. She departed her patrol area on 29 June and arrived back in Moreton Bay on 5 July. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Moreton Bay is a large bay on the eastern coast of Australia 19 km from Brisbane, Queensland. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.

S-44 departed Brisbane again on 24 July. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Cloudy weather, with squalls, set in. On 31 July, she commenced patrolling in the Rabaul-Tulagi shipping lanes. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Rabaul is a township in East New Britain province Papua New Guinea. Tulagi, less commonly Tulaghi, is a small Island (55 km by 1 km in the Solomon Islands, just off the south coast of Florida Island. The next day, she sighted a convoy off Cape St. George, but heavy swells hindered depth control and speed, and precluded her attacking the convoy. Cape St George is the southernmost point on the island of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, at. From Cape St. George, S-44 moved up the east coast of New Ireland to North Cape and Kavieng, where she waited. Cape St George is the southernmost point on the island of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, at. New Ireland ( Tok Pisin: Niu Ailan) is a large Island in Papua New Guinea, approximately 8650 km² in area Kavieng is the capital of the Papua New Guinean province of New Ireland and the largest town on the island of the same name

On 7 August, the Allied offensive opened with landings on the beaches of Guadalcanal, Tulagi, Gavutu, and Florida Island. Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. Guadalcanal (local name Isatabu) is a 2510- Square mile (6500- km²) Island in the Pacific Ocean and a province of the Solomon Tulagi, less commonly Tulaghi, is a small Island (55 km by 1 km in the Solomon Islands, just off the south coast of Florida Island. Gavutu is a small islet in the Central Province of the Solomon Islands, some 500 metres (550 yards in length The Florida Islands (or Nggela Islands) are a small island group in the Central Province of the Solomon Islands, a nation in the western Pacific Ocean On 9 August, off Savo Island, Cruiser Division 6 of the Imperial Japanese Navy inflicted one of the worst defeats of the war on Allied surface ships. Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus For the United States Navy escort carrier see USS Savo Island (CVE-78. The next morning, the victorious cruisers neared Kavieng. A cruiser is a large type of Warship, which had its prime period from the late 19th century to the end of the Cold War. Kavieng is the capital of the Papua New Guinean province of New Ireland and the largest town on the island of the same name

At 0750, S-44 sighted the formation, four heavy cruisers, their track less than 900 yards (800 m) away. A cruiser is a large type of Warship, which had its prime period from the late 19th century to the end of the Cold War. At 0806, she fired four torpedoes at the rear ship, only 700 yards (600 m) away. By 0808, all four torpedoes had exploded; heavy cruiser Kako {right} was sinking, and S-44 had begun her escape. Background Kako and her Sister ship Furutaka were the first generation of high speed heavy cruisers in the Japanese navy intended to counter the By 0812, Japanese destroyers had started depth charging, without success.

Three days later, S-44 was again fighting heavy swells. Her damaged bow planes required three hours to rig, after which they remained out. On 23 August, she moored at Brisbane. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland

On 17 September, S-44 began her fourth war patrol. Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec The following day, a hydrogen fire blazed in her forward battery compartment, but was extinguished in three minutes. Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 On 22 September, she began surfacing only at night, and, two days later, she assumed patrol operations off New Georgia to intercept Japan's Faisi-Guadalcanal supply line. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians New Georgia is the largest Island of the Western Province of the Solomon Islands. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Guadalcanal (local name Isatabu) is a 2510- Square mile (6500- km²) Island in the Pacific Ocean and a province of the Solomon During the patrol, her hunting was hindered by Japanese aerial and surface antisubmarine patrols and her own operational capabilities, which were further limited by material defects and damage inflicted during depth chargings.

On the morning of 4 October, she damaged a destroyer, then survived an intensive depth charge attack with seemingly minor damage. Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas In naval terminology a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance Warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, Convoy Depth Charge is a character in the Beast Wars: Transformers universe The next day, however when she submerged, the submarine began taking on water. A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability She surfaced, made repairs on the high induction valves, then submerged to 50 feet (15 m). Leaks were found in her motor room and torpedo room flappers. The latter were jacked shut, but the former continued spraying water onto both motors. Within an hour, four Japanese destroyers had moved into the area. S-44 went to 70 feet (21 m). The leak worsened. The motors were covered in canvas and sheet rubber and the crew waited for the destroyers to pass over her position. As they disappeared, S-44 moved up to 55 feet (17 m) and repairs were made on the flapper. That night, further repairs were made while the ship was surfaced off Santa Isabel Island; and, by midnight, the S-boat was en route back to her patrol area. Santa Isabel Island is the longest in the Solomon Islands, South Pacific, and the largest in Isabel Province. On 7 October, bad weather set in; and, on 8 October, she departed the area, arriving in Moreton Bay on 14 October. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Events 314 - Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces

A month later, S-44 departed Brisbane and headed back to the United States. Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In early January 1943, she transited the Panama Canal, then moved across the Caribbean Sea and up the Atlantic seaboard to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Panama Canal is a man-made Canal in Panama which joins the For the region see Caribbean. The Caribbean Sea (kəˈrɪbiən or /ˌkærɨˈbiːən/ is a tropical Sea in the Western Hemisphere Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə There, from April to June, she underwent overhaul; and, in July, she retransited the Canal en route to San Diego, California, and the Aleutian Islands. The Aleutian Islands (possibly from Chukchi aliat, " Island " are a chain of more than 300 small volcanic islands forming a Volcanic

She arrived at Dutch Harbor on 16 September. Unalaska ( Iluulux̂ in Aleut) is a small city in the Aleutians West Census Area of the Unorganized Borough of the U Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers On 26 September, she departed Attu on her last war patrol. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a Attu ( Atan in Aleut) is the westernmost and largest Island in the Near Islands group of the Aleutian Islands of One day out, while en route to her operating area in the northern Kuril Islands, she was spotted and attacked by a Japanese patrol plane. The Kuril Islands (ˈkʊrɪl or /ˈkjuˈriˈl/ Кури́льские острова́ əstrʌˈva ru-Latn ''Kuril'skie ostrova'' or Kurile Islands in Russia Suffering no damage, she continued west. On the night of 7 October, she made radar contact with a "small merchantman" and closed in for a surface attack. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships Several hundred yards from the target, her deck gun fired and was answered by a salvo. The "small merchantman" was the Shimushu-class escort Ishigaki. Ships: Launched 13 December 1939 Commissioned 30 June 1940 Sold to the Soviet Union 5 July 1947 A crash dive was ordered, but S-44 failed to submerge. A crash dive is a maneuver performed by a Submarine to submerge as quickly as possible to avoid attack She took several hits, in the control room, in the forward battery room, and elsewhere.

S-44 was ordered abandoned. A pillow case was put up from the forward battery room hatch as a flag of surrender, but the shelling continued. The following sailors were lost on the USS S-44 on 7 October 1943:

Only two men escaped from the submarine as she went down. Chief Torpedoman's Mate Ernest A. Duva and Radioman Third Class William F. Whitemore were picked up by the destroyer. In naval terminology a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance Warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, Convoy Taken initially to Paramushiro, then to the Naval Interrogation Camp at Ofuna, the two submariners spent the last year of World War II working in the Ashio copper mines. Paramushir (Парамушир or Paramushiro, from the Ainu for "broad island" is a Russian island in the Kuril Island chain World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Ashio (足尾町 was a town located in Kamitsuga District, Tochigi, Japan. Copper (ˈkɒpɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol Cu (cuprum and Atomic number 29 They were repatriated by the Allies at the end of the war.

S-44 earned two battle stars during World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

Ishigaki, S-44’s bane, was sunk by Herring (SS-233) on 31 May 1944. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

References

This article includes text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships ( DANFS for short is the primary reference work for the basic facts about every Ship ever used

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