The Turner Prize, named after the painter J.M.W. Turner, is an annual prize presented to a British visual artist under 50. Joseph Mallord William Turner (23 April 1775 &ndash 19 December 1851 was an English Romantic landscape painter, Watercolourist and The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating It is organized by the Tate gallery and staged at Tate Britain. Tate is the United Kingdom 's national museum of British and Modern Art and is a network of four art galleries in England: Tate Britain (opened in Tate Britain is a part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Since its beginnings in 1984 it has become the United Kingdom's most publicised art award. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual It has become associated with conceptual art, although it represents all media and painters have also won the prize. Conceptual art is Art in which the Concept (s or Idea (s involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns

The prize fund from 2004 onwards was £40,000. There have been different sponsors, including Channel 4 television and Gordon's gin. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began Gordon's is a brand of Gin produced in the United Kingdom and under license in New Zealand and several other former British territories with the top markets The prize is awarded by a distinguished celebrity: in 2006 this was Yoko Ono. born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician.

It is a controversial event, mainly for its exhibits, such as a shark in formaldehyde by Damien Hirst and a dishevelled bed by Tracey Emin. Damien Hirst (born 7 June 1965 is an English artist and the most prominent of the group that has been dubbed " Young British Artists " (or YBAs Tracey Emin RA (born 3 July, 1963) is an English Artist of Turkish Cypriot origin one of the group known as Britartists Controversy has also ensued from other directions, including a Culture Minister (Kim Howells criticising exhibits), a guest of honour (Madonna swearing), a prize judge (Lynn Barber writing in the press) and a speech by Sir Nicholas Serota (about the purchase of a trustee's work). Dr Kim Scott Howells (born 27 November 1946 in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales) is a Labour and Member of Parliament for Pontypridd Madonna Louise Ciccone Ritchie (born August 16 1958 known as Madonna, is an American Lynn Barber (born 22 May 1944) is a British Journalist, currently writing for The Observer. Sir Nicholas Andrew Serota (born 27 April 1946) is a British art Curator.

The event has also regularly attracted demonstrations, notably the K Foundation and the Stuckists, as well as alternative prizes to assert different artistic values. The K Foundation was an art foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty ( The KLF) in 1993 following their 'retirement' from the music industry Stuckist demonstrations since 2000 have been a key part of the Stuckist art group's activities and have succeeded in giving them a high profile both in Britain and

Contents 1 Background 2 History 2.1 Winners and nominees 2.2 1984 2.3 1990 2.4 1993 2.5 1997 2.6 1998 2.7 1999 2.8 2000 2.9 2001 2.10 2002 2.11 2003 2.12 2004 2.13 2005 2.14 2006 2.15 2007 2.16 2008 3 Criticism 3.1 For 3.2 Against 4 See also 5 Notes and references 6 External links

Background

Each year after the announcement of the four nominees and during the build-up to the announcement of the winner, the Prize receives intense attention from the media. Much of this attention is critical and the question is often asked, "is this art?". ^[1][2] The artists usually work in "innovative" media, including video art, installation art and unconventional sculpture, though painters have also won. Video art is a type of Art which relies on Moving pictures and is comprised of Video and/or audio data Installation art uses sculptural materials and other media to modify the way a particular space is experienced Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e

Artists are chosen for a show they have staged in the preceding year. Nominations for the prize are invited from the public, although this was widely considered to have negligible effect — a suspicion confirmed in 2006 by Lynn Barber, one of the judges. Lynn Barber (born 22 May 1944) is a British Journalist, currently writing for The Observer. ^[3] Typically, there is a three-week period in May for public nominations to be received; the short-list (which since 1991 has been of four artists) is announced in July; a show of the nominees' work opens at Tate Britain in late October; and the prize itself is announced at the beginning of December. Tate Britain is a part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. The show stays open till January. The prize is officially not judged on the show at the Tate, however, but on the earlier show for which the artist was nominated.

The exhibition and prize rely on commercial sponsorship. From 1987 this was provided by the company Drexel Burnham Lambert; their withdrawal led to the 1990 prize being cancelled. Channel 4, an independent television channel, stepped in for 1991, doubled the prize money to £20,000, and supported the event with documentaries and live broadcasts of the prize-giving. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began In 2004 they were replaced as sponsors by Gordon's gin, who also doubled the prize money to £40,000, with £5,000 going to each of the shortlisted artists, and £25,000 to the winner. Gordon's is a brand of Gin produced in the United Kingdom and under license in New Zealand and several other former British territories with the top markets

As much as the shortlist of artists reflects the state of British Art, the composition of the panel of judges, which includes curators and critics, provides some indication of who holds influence institutionally and internationally, as well as rising stars. Tate Director Sir Nicholas Serota has been the Chair of the jury since his tenure at the Tate (with the exception of the current year when Chairman is the Director of Tate Liverpool, where the prize is being staged). Sir Nicholas Andrew Serota (born 27 April 1946) is a British art Curator. There are conflicting reports as to how much personal sway he has over the proceedings.

The media success of the Turner Prize contributed to the success of (and was in turn helped by) the late 1990s phenomena of Young British Artists (several of whom were nominees and winners), Cool Britannia, and exhibitions such as the Charles Saatchi-sponsored Sensation exhibition. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Young British Artists or YBAs (also Cool Britannia is a media term that was used during the mid-to-late 20th century to describe the contemporary Culture of the United Kingdom. Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) ( Arabic: تشارلز ساعاتجي) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global Sensation was an Exhibition of Young British Artists which first took place 18 September &ndash 28 December 1997 at the Royal Academy of Art in London

Most of the artists in the prize become known to the general public for the first time and some have talked of the difficulty of sudden media exposure. Sale prices of the winners have generally increased ^[4]. Chris Ofili, Anish Kapoor and Jeremy Deller later became trustees of the Tate. Some artists, notably Sarah Lucas, have declined the invitation to be nominated. Sarah Lucas (born 1962 is a British artist She is part of the generation of Young British Artists who emerged during the 1990s

The criteria of the Turner Prize have been challenged by alternative prizes, firstly in 1993 by the K Foundation's "Anti-Turner Prize", followed by the satirical Turnip Prize, the Stuckists "Real Turner Prize", the Daily Mail's "Not the Turner Prize" and a BBC "Mock Turner". The K Foundation was an art foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty ( The KLF) in 1993 following their 'retirement' from the music industry The 1994 K Foundation award was an award given by the K Foundation ( Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) to the "worst artist of the year" The Turnip Prize is a spoof UK prize that satirises the Tate Gallery 's Turner Prize by exhibiting deliberately badly made "art" created with minimal effort Stuckism is an Art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting The Daily Mail is a British newspaper currently published in a tabloid format ^[5]

History

Winners and nominees

For a list of winners and nominees, see List of Turner Prize winners and nominees. This is a list of winners and nominees for the Turner Prize (named after the painter J

1984

The first Turner Prize was award to Malcolm Morley, an English artist living in the United States. Malcolm Morley (born June 7, 1931) is an English Artist now living in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

1990

In 1990, there was no prize because of lack of sponsorship.

1993

Rachel Whiteread was the winner for House, a concrete cast of a house on the corner of Grove Road and Roman Road, London E3. Rachel Whiteread CBE (born 1963 is a British Artist, best known for her Sculptures which typically take the form of casts and first Jimmy Cauty and Bill Drummond of the K Foundation received media coverage for the award of the "Anti-Turner Prize", £40,000 to be given to the "worst artist in Britain", voted from the real Turner Prize's short-list. James Cauty (commonly known as Jimmy or Jimi Cauty, also known as Rockman Rock) is a British artist and musician born in Totnes, Devon William Ernest Drummond (born April 29, 1953, Butterworth South Africa) is a Scottish musician music industry figure writer and artist The K Foundation was an art foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty ( The KLF) in 1993 following their 'retirement' from the music industry The 1994 K Foundation award was an award given by the K Foundation ( Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) to the "worst artist of the year" Rachel Whiteread was awarded their prize. She refused to accept the money at first, but changed her mind when she heard the cash was to be burned instead, and gave £30,000 of it to artists in financial need and the other £10,000 to the housing charity, Shelter. Shelter is a charity registered in England and Scotland that campaigns to end Homelessness and bad housing The K Foundation went on to make a film in which they burned £1 million of their own money (Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid). K Foundation Burn a Million Quid was a publicity stunt on 23 August 1994 in which the K Foundation (an art duo consisting of Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty Sean Scully was a nominee. Sean Scully (born Dublin, Ireland, 30 June 1945) is an Irish-born American painter and printmaker who has twice been named

1997

The winner, Gillian Wearing, showed a video 60 minutes of Silence (1996), where a group of actors were dressed in police uniforms and had to stand still for an hour (occasional surreptitious scratching could be observed). Gillian Wearing (born 1963 is an English Artist, one of the YBAs, and a winner of the Turner Prize.

There was a Channel 4 television programme debate stimulated by the prize. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic One participant was Tracey Emin, known in the art world but largely unknown to the wider public at that time. Tracey Emin RA (born 3 July, 1963) is an English Artist of Turkish Cypriot origin one of the group known as Britartists She appeared completely drunk (she has said this was caused by painkillers she was taking for a broken finger), swearing, insulting the other panel members and saying that she wanted to go home to her mum (she then left). It caused considerable media attention and brought her national fame.

1998

The talking point was Chris Ofili's use of balls of elephant dung attached to his mixed media images on canvas, as well as being used as supports on the floor to prop them up. Chris Ofili (born 1968 is a British painter noted for artworks referencing aspects of his Nigerian heritage An illustrator deposited dung on the steps in protest against his work. Ofili won the prize and it was the first time in twelve years that a painter had done so; it was presented by French fashion designer agnes b. agnès b (born Agnès Troublé, 1941 in Versailles) is a French Fashion designer. ^[6] Ofili joked, "Oh man. Thank God! Where's my cheque?" and said, "I don't know what to say. I am just really happy. I can't believe it. It feels like a film and I will watch the tape when I get home. "^[6] One of Ofili's works, No Woman No Cry is based on the murder of Stephen Lawrence, murdered in a race attack. Stephen Lawrence ( 13 September 1974 – 22 April 1993) was a Black British teenager from South-East London who was ^[6]

The Jury included musician Neil Tennant, author Marina Warner, curator Fumio Nanjo and British Council officer Ann Gallagher, chaired by Nicholas Serota. Neil Francis Tennant (born 10 July 1954 is a English Musician, singer and songwriter who with his colleague Chris Lowe, make up the successful Marina Sarah Warner, CBE, FBA (born 9 November 1946, London, England) is a British writer The British Council is a Public Body of the United Kingdom Government which specialises in educational and development opportunities ^[6]

1999

Greatest attention was given to Tracey Emin's exhibit My Bed, which was a double bed in a dishevelled state with stained sheets, surrounded by detritus such as soiled underwear, condoms, slippers and empty drink bottles. Tracey Emin RA (born 3 July, 1963) is an English Artist of Turkish Cypriot origin one of the group known as Britartists My Bed is a work by the British artist Two artists, Yuan Chai and Jian Jun Xi , jumped onto the bed, stripped to their underwear, and had a pillow fight. Yuan Chai and Jian Jun Xi are two Chinese Performance artists based in Britain, who work together and specialise in Art intervention. Police detained the two, who called their performance Two Naked Men Jump Into Tracey's Bed. They claimed that her work had not gone far enough, and that they were improving it. Charges were not pressed against them. Emin also displayed 2-d artwork and videos. She was commonly thought to have been the winner (and is still sometimes referred to as such), although in fact the Prize was given to Steve McQueen for his video based on a Buster Keaton film. Steve McQueen (born 1969 is an English Artist. He is best known for his Films but has worked in other forms also Joseph Frank "Buster" Keaton ( October 4 1895 &ndash February 1 1966) was an Academy Award -winning American

2000

The prize was won by Wolfgang Tillmans. Other entries included a large painting by Glenn Brown based very closely on a science fiction illustration some years previously. Glenn Brown (born 1966 in Hexham) is an English artist and painter who was nominated for the Turner Prize in 2000 ^[7]

The Stuckist art group staged their first demonstration against the prize, dressed as clowns, describing it as an "ongoing national joke" and "a state-funded advertising agency for Charles Saatchi", adding "the only artist who wouldn't be in danger of winning the Turner Prize is Turner", and concluding that it "should be re-named The Duchamp Award for the destruction of artistic integrity". Stuckist demonstrations since 2000 have been a key part of the Stuckist art group's activities and have succeeded in giving them a high profile both in Britain and Stuckism is an Art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting Stuckist demonstrations since 2000 have been a key part of the Stuckist art group's activities and have succeeded in giving them a high profile both in Britain and Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) ( Arabic: تشارلز ساعاتجي) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global Marcel Duchamp (maʀsɛl dyˈʃɑ̃ (28 July 1887 &ndash 2 October 1968 was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist The Guardian announced the winner of Turner Prize with the headline "Turner Winner Riles the Stuckists". ^[8]

2001

Controversy was caused by the eventual winner, Martin Creed's work, The Lights Going On and Off, which was an empty room with the lights going on and off. Martin Creed (born 1968 is an English Artist noted for his works which are grounded in the Conceptual art of the 1960s and 1970s Artist Jacqueline Crofton threw eggs at the walls of the room containing Creed's work as a protest. ^[9] At the prize ceremony, Madonna gave him the prize and said, "At a time when political correctness is valued over honesty I would also like to say right on motherfuckers!"^[10] This was on live TV before the 9 p. Madonna Louise Ciccone Ritchie (born August 16 1958 known as Madonna, is an American m. "watershed", and an attempt to "bleep" it out was too late. Channel 4 were subsequently given an official rebuke by the Independent Television Commission. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began ^[11]

2002

The media focused on a large display by Fiona Banner whose wall-size text piece, Arsewoman in Wonderland, described a pornographic film in detail. Fiona Banner (born 1966 is an English artist who was short listed for the Turner Prize in 2002 Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer The Guardian asked, "It's art. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. But is it porn?" calling in "Britain's biggest porn star," Ben Dover, to comment. Ben Dover (born Simon Lindsay Honey) is an English Pornographic actor and director/producer of Pornographic movies The pseudonym is a pun ^[12] Culture Minister Kim Howells made a scathing criticism of the exhibits. Dr Kim Scott Howells (born 27 November 1946 in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales) is a Labour and Member of Parliament for Pontypridd graffiti artist Banksy stencilled "Mind the crap" on the steps of the Tate, who called in emergency cleaners to remove it. Banksy is a well-known pseudo-anonymous British Graffiti Artist. ^[9] The prize was won by Keith Tyson. Keith Tyson (b August 23, 1969) is a British Turner Prize -winning artist

2003

The Chapman Brothers (Jake and Dinos Chapman) were given what was generally felt to be a long-overdue nomination, and caused press attention for a sculpture, Death, that appeared to be two cheap plastic blow-up sex dolls with a dildo. Grayson Perry, (born 1960) is an English Artist, known mainly for his ceramic vases and Cross-dressing. Jake Chapman (born 1966 and Dinos Chapman (born 1962 are brothers and English Conceptual artists who work almost exclusively in collaboration with It was in fact made of bronze, painted to look like plastic.

Attention was also given to transvestite Grayson Perry who exhibited pots decorated with sexual imagery, and was the prize winner. This article deals with the history of the word 'transvestite' Grayson Perry, (born 1960) is an English Artist, known mainly for his ceramic vases and Cross-dressing. He wore a flouncy skirt to collect the prize, announced by Sir Peter Blake, who said, after being introduced by Sir Nicholas Serota, "Thank you very much Nick. Sir Peter Thomas Blake, CBE (born 25 June 1932 in Dartford, Kent) is an English Pop artist best known for his design of the sleeve for I'm quite surprised to be here tonight, because two days ago I had a phone call asking if I would be a judge for the Not the Turner Prize. And two years ago I was asked by the Stuckists to dress as a clown and come and be on the steps outside, so I am thrilled and slightly surprised to be here. Stuckism is an Art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting "^[13]

2004

The media focused on a large computer simulation of a former hideout of Osama bin Laden by Ben Langlands and Nikki Bell, as well as the fact that one of their exhibits, a film in a Kabul courtroom was withdrawn as it related to an ongoing trial of a suspected Afghan warlord. Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March Ben Langlands (born 1955) and Nikki Bell (born 1959) are English Artists working together as Langlands and Bell. } Kābul ( Persian and Pashto: کابل, IPA:) is the Capital and largest city of Afghanistan, with ^[4] Jeremy Deller, the betting favourite, won. Jeremy Deller (born 1966 is an English conceptual, video and installation Artist. The prize money was increased this year with £25,000 to the winner, and, for the first time, other nominees were rewarded (with £5,000 each).

2005

A great deal was made in the press about the winning entry by Simon Starling, which was a shed that he had converted into a boat, sailed down the River Rhine and turned back into a shed again. Isabella Blow ( 19 November 1958 &ndash 7 May 2007) was an English magazine editor and international style icon Simon Starling (born 1967 in Epsom, Surrey) is an English Conceptual artist and was the winner of the 2005 Turner The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge Two newspapers bought sheds and floated them to parody the work. The prize was presented by Culture Minister, David Lammy. David Lindon Lammy (born 19 July 1972 is a British Politician and the Member of Parliament for Tottenham. Before introducing him, Sir Nicholas Serota, in an "unusual, possibly unprecedented" move, took the opportunity to make "an angry defence" of the Tate's purchase of The Upper Room. ^[14][15]

2006

The nominees were announced on May 16, 2006. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The exhibition of nominees' work opened at Tate Britain on October 3. Tate Britain is a part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Yoko Ono, the celebrity announcer chosen for the year, declared Tomma Abts the winner on December 4 during a live Channel 4 broadcast, although this was part of the evening news broadcast, rather than in a dedicated programme as in recent years. born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician. This article is about an artist named Tomma Abts For the chemical 22'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid see ABTS. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began The total prize money was £40,000. £25,000 awarded to the winner and £5,000 to each of the other 3 nominees. The prize was sponsored by the makers of Gordon’s gin.

Under the Freedom of Information Act, The Sunday Telegraph obtained emails between the Tate and judge Lynn Barber, which revealed that the judges had been sent a list of shows by artists too late to be able to see them and instead were being supplied with catalogues and photographs of work. See Freedom of information in the United Kingdom for a general discussion of Freedom of information legislation throughout the United Kingdom. The Sunday Telegraph is a British Broadsheet newspaper, founded in 1961 Lynn Barber (born 22 May 1944) is a British Journalist, currently writing for The Observer. ^[16]

More controversy ensued when Barber wrote in The Observer about her troubles as a judge, even asking, "Is it all a fix?",^[3] a comment subsequently displayed on a Stuckist demonstration placard, much to her chagrin. Stuckist demonstrations since 2000 have been a key part of the Stuckist art group's activities and have succeeded in giving them a high profile both in Britain and Lynn Barber (born 22 May 1944) is a British Journalist, currently writing for The Observer. The Observer is a British Newspaper published on Sundays In about the same place on the political spectrum as its daily sister paper The ^[17]

The Judges were:

Lynn Barber, journalist, The Observer

Margot Heller, Director, South London Gallery

Matthew Higgs, Director and Chief Curator, White Columns, New York

Andrew Renton, writer and Director of Curating, Goldsmiths College

Nicholas Serota, Director, Tate and Chairman of the Jury

2007

The winner of the £25,000 Prize was Mark Wallinger. State Britain is an installation artwork by Mark Wallinger displayed in Tate Britain in January 2007 Mark Wallinger (born 1959 is a British artist best known for his sculpture for the empty fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square, Ecce Homo (1999 and ^[18] His display at the Turner Prize show was Sleeper, a film of him dressed in a bear costume wandering around an empty museum, but the prize was officially given for State Britain, which recreated all the objects in Brian Haw's anti-war display in Parliament Square, London. State Britain is an installation artwork by Mark Wallinger displayed in Tate Britain in January 2007 Brian William Haw (born 1949 is a British former Carpenter who is famous for living in a Peace camp in Parliament Square since 2001 in Parliament Square is a square outside the northwest end of the Palace of Westminster in London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. ^[18] The judges commended Wallinger's work for its "immediacy, visceral intensity and historic importance", and called it "a bold political statement with art's ability to articulate fundamental human truths. "^[18] The prize was presented by Dennis Hopper. Dennis Lee Hopper (born May 17, 1936) is an Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Film -maker ^[18]

For the first time in its 23 year history, the Turner Prize was held outside of London, in Tate Liverpool (in support of Liverpool being the European Capital of Culture in 2008). Tate Liverpool is an Art gallery and Museum in Liverpool, England, and part of Tate, along with Tate St Ives, Cornwall Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one Calendar year during which it is given a chance to showcase its Concurrently there was an exhibition of previous winners at Tate Britain in London.

Unlike recent years, Sir Nicholas Serota was not the jury chairman; instead, the chairman was Christoph Grunenberg, the Director of Tate Liverpool. Sir Nicholas Andrew Serota (born 27 April 1946) is a British art Curator. The panel is:^[19]

Fiona Bradley, Director of the Fruitmarket Gallery, Edinburgh

Michael Bracewell, critic and writer

Thelma Golden, Director and Chief Curator of the Studio Museum, Harlem

Miranda Sawyer, writer and broadcaster

Christoph Grunenberg, Director of Tate Liverpool (Chairman of the Jury)

The nominees were:^[20]

Mark Wallinger for his Tate Britain installation, State Britain

Nathan Coley, a Glasgow artist, who makes installations based on buildings

Zarina Bhimji, a Ugandan Asian photographer and filmmaker

Mike Nelson, an installation artist

Nelson and Wallinger had both previously been nominated for the prize. The Fruitmarket Gallery at 45 Market Street in Edinburgh brings artists and audiences together through exhibitions commissions interpretation education and publishing Michael Bracewell (b August 7, 1958) is a British Writer and Novelist. The Studio Museum in Harlem is an American Fine arts Museum in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, New York. Miranda Sawyer is an English journalist and broadcaster She grew up in Wilmslow, Cheshire with her brother Toby, an actor best known for Mark Wallinger (born 1959 is a British artist best known for his sculpture for the empty fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square, Ecce Homo (1999 and Tate Britain is a part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. State Britain is an installation artwork by Mark Wallinger displayed in Tate Britain in January 2007 Nathan Coley (born 1967 is a contemporary British installation artist, who was nominated for the Turner Prize in 2007 Zarina Bhimji Mike Nelson is a contemporary British installation artist who was nominated twice for the Turner Prize.

The Stuckists announced that they were not demonstrating for the first time since 2000,^[21] because of "the lameness of this year's show, which does not merit the accolade of the traditional demo". Stuckism is an Art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting Stuckist demonstrations since 2000 have been a key part of the Stuckist art group's activities and have succeeded in giving them a high profile both in Britain and ^[22] Instead, art group AAS reenacted previous Stuckist demonstrations in protest against their own practice at the Royal Standard Turner Prize Extravaganza^[23]

2008

For the second year running, Sir Nicholas Serota is not chairing the Turner Prize jury; instead Stephen Deuchar, director of Tate Britain, is the chair. The other members are Jennifer Higgie, editor of frieze, Daniel Birnbaum, rector of the Staedelschule international art academy, Frankfurt, architect David Adjaye, and Suzanne Cotter, senior curator, Modern Art Oxford. Frieze is an annual international contemporary Art fair held in October in London's Regent's Park. David Adjaye OBE (born 1966 is a British Architect. David Adjaye was born in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania, where his father was Modern Art Oxford is an Art gallery established in 1969 at the University of Oxford. ^[24] The prize winner will receive £25,000 and the other three nominees £5,000 each. In recent years the prize has attracted commercial sponsorship, but does not have any this year. ^[24] The nominees are Runa Islam, Mark Leckey, Goshka Macuga, and Cathy Wilkes; the Prize exhibition opens at Tate Britain on 7 October and the winner is announced on 1 December. Runa Islam (born 1970 is a Bangladeshi -born artist based in London, and a nominee for the 2008 Turner Prize. Mark Leckey (born 1964) is a British artist predominantly working in the field of video. Goshka Macuga (born 1967 is an artist based in London. She is one of the four nominees for the 2008 Turner Prize. Cathy Wilkes (born 1966 is an artist from Northern Ireland, who makes installations. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican ^[25]

Criticism

For

• Critic Richard Cork said, "there will never be a substitute for approaching new art with an open mind, unencumbered by rancid clichés. Janet Street-Porter (born 27 December 1946 is a British media personality Journalist, Television presenter and producer Dr Richard Cork is a British art historian critic broadcaster and exhibition curator As long as the Turner Prize facilitates such engagement, the buzz surrounding it will remain a minor distraction. "^[26]
• In 2006 newspaper columnist Janet Street-Porter condemned the Stuckists' "feeble knee-jerk reaction" to the prize and said, "The Turner Prize and Becks Futures both entice thousands of young people into art galleries for the first time every year. Janet Street-Porter (born 27 December 1946 is a British media personality Journalist, Television presenter and producer Stuckism is an Art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting They fulfil a valuable role". ^[27]
• Art critic Dan Fox (Associate editor of frieze) argues that the Turner Prize should be considered a barometer for the mood of the nation. In Architecture the frieze is the wide central section part of an Entablature and may be plain or &ndash in the Ionic or Corinthian order &ndash 2007 winner Mark Wallinger was first nominated in 1995, alongside Hirst - whom walked away with the prize that year during an era of Tony Blair and New Labour, rock stars in Downing Street and Britpop bombarding the airwaves. In 2007 the UK is faced with the fall out of the Iraq War, Lilly Allen, Amy Winehouse and 'the war on terror' - things are not exactly rosy, so it is, arguably, of little surprise that such a blatant political work came to the nation's attention. ^[28]

Against

• The Evening Standard critic Brian Sewell, wrote "The annual farce of the Turner Prize is now as inevitable in November as is the pantomime at Christmas". The London Evening Standard is an English Tabloid regional local newspaper published and sold in London and surrounding areas of southeast Brian Sewell (born 15 July 1931) is a British Art critic. He writes for the Evening Standard and is noted for his artistic

• Critic Jonathan Jones, wrote:"Turner Prize art is based on a formula where something looks startling at first and then turns out to be expressing some kind of banal idea, which somebody will be sure to tell you about. Dr Kim Scott Howells (born 27 November 1946 in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales) is a Labour and Member of Parliament for Pontypridd The ideas are never important or even really ideas, more notions, like the notions in advertising. Nobody pursues them anyway, because there's nothing there to pursue. " ^[29]

• The art critic David Lee has argued that since the re-organisation of the prize in 1991 the shortlist has been dominated by artists represented by a small number of London dealers, namely Nicholas Logsdail of the Lisson Gallery, and others closely linked to the collector Charles Saatchi: Jay Jopling, Maureen Paley and Victoria Miro. David Lee (born 1953 is an outspoken English contemporary art critic&mdashcondemning Conceptual art in general and the Turner Prize in particular The Lisson Gallery is a contemporary Art gallery in Bell Street Lisson Grove, London founded by Nicholas Logsdail in 1967 with an exhibition Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) ( Arabic: تشارلز ساعاتجي) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global Jay Jopling (born 1963 is a British Contemporary art Dealer and Gallerist. Maureen Paley is one of the most prominent contemporary art galleries in London The Victoria Miro Gallery is a leading British contemporary art gallery in London, with an international reputation run by Victoria Miro, one of the "grandes The Lisson Gallery has had the most success of any gallery with the Turner Prize from 1991 to 2004. The Lisson Gallery is a contemporary Art gallery in Bell Street Lisson Grove, London founded by Nicholas Logsdail in 1967 with an exhibition

• In 2002 Culture Minister Kim Howells pinned the following statement to a board in a room specially-designated for visitors' comments. Dr Kim Scott Howells (born 27 November 1946 in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales) is a Labour and Member of Parliament for Pontypridd "If this is the best British artists can produce then British art is lost. It is cold mechanical, conceptual bullshit. Kim Howells. P. S. The attempts at conceptualisation are particularly pathetic and symptomatic of a lack of conviction" His stance was approved by the government, who saw it as a popular one.

See also

• List of prizes, medals, and awards
• Marcel Duchamp Prize

Notes and references

External links

• 2008 Turner Prize shortlist announced
• The Turner Prize, official Tate gallery web site
• 20 years of Turner Prize winners (image gallery), The Guardian
• Turner Prize, Glasgow University project
• Martin Herbert on the Turner Prize
• Tate Magazine (2002) feature, including statistical analysis
• Live coverage of presentation of 2006 prize (starts with short ad)

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