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This is a Chinese name; the family name is Tung. Personal Names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. Chinese family name is one of the hundreds or thousands of Family names that have been historically used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic
The Honourable
 Tung Chee Hwa 
GBM, D. The prefix The Honourable or The Honorable (abbreviated to " The Hon The Grand Bauhinia Medal ( the highest Award under the Hong Kong honours and awards system is to recognise the selected person's life-long and highly significant S. Sc.
Tung Chee Hwa
In office
1 July 1997 – 12 March 2005
Preceded by (none)
See Transfer of the sovereignty of Hong Kong
Succeeded by Donald Tsang
Born July 7, 1937 (1937-07-07) (age 70)
Shanghai, China
Nationality People's Republic of China
Spouse Betty Tung
Residence Hong Kong
Alma mater University of Liverpool
Profession businessman

Tung Chee Hwa, GBM (traditional Chinese: 董建華; simplified Chinese: 董建华); (Mandarin Wade-Giles: Tung Chien Hua; Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Doong Jiann Hwa; Pinyin: Dǒng Jiànhuá; Shanghainese IPA: [tõ̜ cçi ɦʊ]; Cantonese IPA: [təʊŋ35 kɪn33 wɑ11]; Jyutping: dung2 gin3 waa4) (born July 7, 1937 in Shanghai, China) was the first elected Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. The Chief Executive of Hong Kong ( is the head of Hong Kong Government and the principal representative of the Hong Kong. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China, often referred to as the Handover Sir Donald Tsang Yam-Kuen, GBM, KBE, JP (born 7 October 1944 is the current Chief Executive and Head of Government of Hong Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval The University of Liverpool is a University in the city of Liverpool, England. The Grand Bauhinia Medal ( the highest Award under the Hong Kong honours and awards system is to recognise the selected person's life-long and highly significant Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin Gwoyeu Romatzyh (literally "National Romanization " abbreviated GR, is a system for writing Mandarin Chinese in the Latin alphabet Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Shanghainese (上海閒話 in Shanghainese sometimes referred to as the Shanghai dialect, is a dialect of Wu Chinese spoken in the city of Shanghai Jyutping (sometimes spelled Jyutpin) is a Romanization system for Standard Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Chief Executive of Hong Kong ( is the head of Hong Kong Government and the principal representative of the Hong Kong. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders A Special Administrative Region ( SAR) is a high autonomous administrative division of the People's Republic of China. Before the handover Tung was known as a conservative businessman with traditional Chinese values and strong connections to the Central Government. The Culture of China (traditional Chinese 中國文化 simplified Chinese 中国文化 is home to one of the world's oldest and most complex Civilizations covering a history

He took office on July 1, 1997 after the handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China, and was elected again to a second five-year term in 2002. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China, often referred to as the Handover The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. He gained the nickname Old Confused Tung (traditional Chinese: 老懵董) due to his apparent bungling and decision paralysis.

His first term was hampered by the Asian financial crisis and criticism of his style of governance. The Asian Financial Crisis was a period of Financial crisis that gripped much of Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown ( As a result he was frequently subject to attack and ridicule by pro-democracy activists and legislators, the media and academics. Foreign news outlets such as Time Magazine, The Economist and wired news services portrayed him as being deeply unpopular, singularly ineffective and of being a loser eager to please his mainland masters. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and The Economist is an English-language weekly news and International affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London Dissatisfaction among the public towards Tung grew consistently throughout his tenure and culminated in huge protests in 2003 after the outbreak of SARS and the Article 23 controversies, when sloganeers demanded that Tung step down. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 is the basis (parent statute of a Security Law proposed by the Government of Hong Kong. As a result of this increasing criticism within Hong Kong and, almost certainly because he had lost the confidence of the Central Government, Tung announced his resignation due to "health reasons" on March 10, 2005, just three years into his second term as Chief Executive. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Two days later, he became vice-chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference ( People's Political Consultative Conference

His name is spelt with three different systems:

As he is a Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Politics Consultative Conference, he would be treated as a guest in HKSAR functions instead of as a former office holder of the Chief Executive. [1]

Contents

Early life

Tung's ancestral hometown is Dinghai (previously a county of Ningbo, currently a district of Zhoushan), Zhejiang Province. Dinghai (定海区 is a Chinese district of Zhoushan City made of 128 islands Ningbo ( literally "Tranquil Waves" is a Seaport with sub-provincial administrative status. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Zhoushan administers 2 districts and 2 counties. Zhejiang ( is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Born in Shanghai, Tung's family moved to Hong Kong when he was 10 and his father, Tung Chao Yung, went on to become a successful entrepreneur in the shipping sector. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Tung Chao Yung ( better known as 董浩雲, born 18th of the eighth lunar month in 1912 died April 15, 1982) also known as C An entrepreneur is a person who has possession over a company enterprise, or Venture, and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome Shipping is physical process of Transporting goods and Cargo. Tung graduated from the University of Liverpool, and, as the elder son, took over his father's business after the death of his father. The University of Liverpool is a University in the city of Liverpool, England.

Election to the office of Chief Executive

Main article: Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 1996

In early 1997, Tung won a landslide victory[2] over four other candidates in the election for the post of Hong Kong's first Chief Executive. The first ever Hong Kong chief executive election was held on 11th December 1996 The election was conducted by an electoral college of a massive 400 voters all of whose positions are essentially rubberstamped by the Chinese Government. The Election Committee is an 800-member Electoral college in the politics of Hong Kong. It should be noted that Hong Kong has never had a leader elected by universal suffrage - Tung's British predecessors were all appointed by the British Crown, without recourse to any pretense of democracy. Tung subsequently took office as Chief Executive designate, with the assistance of a newly formed cabinet (Executive Council) and a few officers seconded from the then Hong Kong government to help in the preparation of the HKSAR government. The Executive Council of Hong Kong ( ExCo,) is an organ in the Executive branch of the political structure of Hong Kong.

The government pledged to focus on three policy areas: housing, the elderly, and education. [3] Measures on housing included a pledge to provide 85,000 housing flats each year so as to resolve the problems of soaring property prices. The Asian financial crisis that hit Hong Kong in months after Tung took office made this objective almost immediately redundant and, in fact, it was a collapse in property prices that became a far more pressing problem in the years between 1998 and 2002. The Asian Financial Crisis was a period of Financial crisis that gripped much of Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown (

First term

Tung formally took office on July 1, 1997, with a high initial popularity among the public. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Nevertheless, a few months after, the regional economy deteriorated rapidly after the Asian financial crisis. Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The Asian Financial Crisis was a period of Financial crisis that gripped much of Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown ( With job losses and plummeting values in the stock and property markets, people started to lose faith in Tung and the HKSAR government. Some commentators attributed the plunge in the property market to his counter-indicated homebuilding initiative.

During Tung's first term the government came up with a number of reform proposals, and plenty of grand infrastructure projects were proposed, including a technology park, a science park, a Chinese medicine centre and a Disney theme park. Cyberport ( is an IT -themed infrastructure hub area consisting of state-of-the-art infrastructure buildings in Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. Hong Kong Disneyland ( is the first Theme park inside the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort and is owned and managed by the Hong Kong International Theme Parks He was hauled over hot coals, notably by then President Jiang Zemin, for a number of high-handed decisions,[4] namely his decision to grant the Cyberport Project[5] to Richard Li, son of tycoon Li Ka-shing, without the benefit of an open tender, the way in which[6] the Walt Disney Company's land grant for its theme park on a 50-year lease meddled with the market, and for studying the possibility of setting up a casino in Hong Kong. Jiang Zemin ( born 17 August 1926 was the "core of the third generation " of Communist Party of China leaders serving as General Secretary of Richard Li Tzar Kai ( is a Canadian-Chinese businessman based in Hong Kong. Not to be confused with Martin Lee Ka Shing, the vice-chairman of Henderson Land Development. But too often his administration was seen as bungling, particularly during the confusion of the first days of the new airport, the mis-handling of the avian influenza epidemic, declining standards due to education reforms (specifically teaching in the Cantonese "mother tongue" and mandatory English examination for teachers), the Right of abode issue,[7] and his disagreement of political views[8] with the popular then Chief Secretary, Anson Chan. Hong Kong International Airport is the main airport in Hong Kong. For the H5N1 subtype of Avian influenza see H5N1. Avian influenza, sometimes Avian flu, and commonly Bird flu refers The issue of who has the right of abode in Hong Kong prompted a fierce debate at the end of the 20th century and tested the One Country Two Systems policy in China Anson Maria Elizabeth Chan Fang On Sang GBM GCMG (hon CBE JP ( (born 17 January 1940 was a member of the Legislative [9] Tung's popularity plummeted with the economy, to 47% satisfaction at the end of August 2002. [10]

Second term

Tung Chee Hwa, with nominations from 714 members of the electoral college, was uncontested in the election for a second term. [11] According to the Chief Executive Election Ordinance, nominations from at least 100 members of the 800-strong electoral college are required for each candidate. The Election Committee is an 800-member Electoral college in the politics of Hong Kong.

Accountability system

Main article: Principal Officials Accountability System

In an attempt to resolve the difficulties in governance, Tung reformed the structure of government substantially starting from his second term in 2002. Principal Officials Accountability System ( commonly referred to as the Ministerial system Overview Background After the transfer of sovereignty, Hong See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. [12] In a system popularly called the Principal Officials Accountability system, all principal officials, including the Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary, Secretary for Justice and head of government bureaux would no longer be politically neutral career civil servants. Instead, they would all be political appointees chosen by the Chief Executive. The system was portrayed as the key to solve previous administrative problems, notably the cooperation of high ranking civil servants with the Chief Executive. Under the new system, all heads of bureaux became members of the Executive Council, and came directly under the Chief Executive instead of the Chief Secretary or the Financial Secretary. The Executive Council of Hong Kong ( ExCo,) is an organ in the Executive branch of the political structure of Hong Kong. The heads of the Liberal Party and Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, two pro-government parties in the Legislative Council, were also appointed into the Executive Council to form a "ruling alliance," a de facto coalition. Liberal Party ( is a liberal conservative Political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB ( or 民建聯 in short formerly known as The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong The Legislative Council ( LegCo) is the Unicameral Legislature of Hong Kong. [13] This practically shut out the pro-democratic parties and individuals.

Crisis of governance in 2003

The first major move of Tung in his second term was to push for legislation to implement Article 23 of the Hong Kong Basic Law in September 2002. Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 is the basis (parent statute of a Security Law proposed by the Government of Hong Kong. The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, or simply Hong Kong Basic Law, serves as the Constitutional document However, the initiative drew a hostile response from the pro-democratic camp, lawyers, journalists, religious leaders and human rights organisations. [14] This stoked public concerns that the freedoms they enjoyed would deteriorate. The sentiment, together with other factors such as the SARS epidemic in early 2003, when the government was criticised for its slow response, strained hospital services and the unexpected death toll, resulted in the largest mass demonstration since the establishment of HKSAR, with an estimated 500,000 people (out of the population of 6,800,000) marching on 1 July 2003. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Many demanded Tung to step down. [15]

In response to the protests, the leader of the Liberal Party, James Tien, resigned from the Executive Council on evening July 6, signifying the withdrawal of the party's support for the bill implementing Article 23. James Tien Pei Chun GBS OBE JP ( (born 8 January 1947 in Shanghai) is the former Chairman of the Liberal Party (LP Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England As a result, the government had to postpone and later withdraw the bill from the legislative agenda. [16] On July 17, 2003, Regina Ip, the then Secretary for Security who was responsible for implementing Article 23, resigned for personal reasons. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee, GBS BA MA MSc MLitt ( (born August 24, 1950 in Hong Kong with family roots in Nanhai, Another Principal Official, Finance Secretary Antony Leung, who earlier suffered from a scandal over his purchase of a luxury vehicle weeks prior to his introduction of a car sales tax, which was dubbed as the Lexusgate scandal, resigned on the same day. Antony Leung Kam-chung GBS JP (梁錦松 Pinyin: Liáng Jǐnsōng born 1952 in Hong Kong with family roots in Shunde [17]

Subsequent developments

Tung Chee Hwa shaking hands with Paul Martin, the Prime Minister of Canada at the Government House on 22 January 2005.
Tung Chee Hwa shaking hands with Paul Martin, the Prime Minister of Canada at the Government House on 22 January 2005. Paul Edgar Philippe Martin. PC, MP (also known as Paul Martin Jr The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Government House ( formerly 督憲府/香港總督府/港督府 located on Government Hill in the Central District of Hong Kong Island, is Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

During the debate over Hong Kong's constitutional development, Tung was criticised as not reflecting effectively the views of the general population to push for 2007/08 universal suffrage to the People's Republic of China government. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES [18] Although the primary target of popular opposition was the PRC government, Tung's lack of support for the pro-democratic camp resulted in his low approval ratings. [19]

In late 2003, in an attempt to bring back visitors to Hong Kong, Government agency InvestHK was mandated to sponsor the Harbour Fest music festival in October, organised by the American Chamber of Commerce. Invest Hong Kong is the department of the Hong Kong SAR Government responsible for assisting overseas companies to set up and develop their business in Hong Kong The Hong Kong Harbour Fest ( held from 17 October to 11 November 2003 was part of a HK$1 billion program to revive the economy after SARS. The result was a series of poorly attended concerts, HK$100m bill for the taxpayers, with the Government, InvestHK and the American Chamber of Commerce blamimg each other for the monumental flop. [20] Tung's cabinet suffered another blow in July 2004 when another Principal Official, the Secretary for Health, Welfare & Food, Dr. Yeoh Eng Kiong, resigned on July 7 to take political responsibility for the government's handling of the SARS outbreak in 2003,[21] after the release of the investigation report of LegCo over the issue. Yeoh Eng Kiong ( born 1946 in Ipoh, Malaysia) was Secretary for Health and Welfare of Hong Kong between 1999 and 2002 and Secretary for Health Welfare Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death

In late-2004, the Tung administration was rocked by another embarrassment as the large planned sale of government-owned real estate, The Link REIT, was cancelled at the last moment by a lawsuit by a tenant from an affected estate. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The Link REIT ( Chinese 領匯房地產投資信託基金 or 領匯 is one of the world's largest REITs or real estate investment trusts with assets of around [22]

With the subsequent improvement in the economy over 2004, unemployment fell and the long period of deflation[23] ended. Deflation is the opposite of Inflation. Therefore under the usual contemporary definition of inflation 'deflation' means a decrease in the general price level. This resulted in a decrease in public discontent as the government's popularity improved, and popular support for the democratic movement dwindled with a protest in January attracting a mere few thousand protesters compared to the July 1 protests of 2003 and 2004. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. However, the popularity of Tung himself remained low compared to his deputies including Donald Tsang and Henry Tang. Sir Donald Tsang Yam-Kuen, GBM, KBE, JP (born 7 October 1944 is the current Chief Executive and Head of Government of Hong Biography The former textile tycoon was promoted from Secretary for Commerce Industry and Technology to Finance Secretary on 4 August 2003 replacing Antony [24]

Resignation

Tung's reputation suffered further damage when Hu Jintao gave him a humiliating public dressing-down for poor governance in December 2004. Hu Jintao ( born 21 December 1942 is currently the Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Official sources specifically cited the poor handling of the Link REIT listing, the West Kowloon cultural project, the Hung Hom flats episode. [25] Tung himself denied it was a dressing-down, and insisted that he retained the President's support, although he and the rest of the government were asked to examine their past inadequacies. [26] Hu's words, however, were thinly veiled criticism. Nevertheless, in his January 2005 Policy Address, Tung gave a rather critical verdict on his own performance.

The speculation which was running rife in the weeks in the run-up to his actual resignation, and its intensity, continued to perpetuate the impression of Tung's "weakness" and "confusion". [27] Prior to Tung's resignation, in mid-February Stanley Ho, a tycoon with close ties with Beijing, had already commented on the possible candidates for the next Chief Executive, and personally endorsing Donald Tsang. Stanley Ho, OBE, GBS, GLM (born November 25, 1921) also known as Ho Hung-sun, Stanley Ho Hung-sun ( is an [28] This started rumours that Tung would be nominated to the election of vice chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) of the PRC. A rumour or rumor (see spelling differences) is often viewed as "an unverified account or explanation of events circulating from person to person and The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference ( People's Political Consultative Conference On the night of 27 February 2005, it was revealed he and nine other persons would be appointed as new members to the CPPCC. Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. All the local newspapers, except for the three controlled by the PRC government, namely Ta Kung Pao, Wen Wei Po and Hong Kong Commercial Daily, went to the presses preemptively on the morning of March 2 with the headline "Tung Resigns". Ta Kung Pao ( formerly L'Impartial) is the oldest active Chinese language Newspaper in China. Wen Wei Po ( is a Hong Kong -based Chinese language Newspaper, which was first established The Hong Kong Commercial Daily ( Chinese 香港商報 (HKCD is a Business -oriented Newspaper, published in Broadsheet format Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good [29] Tung declined to comment when questioned by journalists waiting at the government headquarters.

On March 10, 2005, Tung assembled a press conference at the Central Government Offices and announced that he had tendered his resignation due to "health problems". Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [30] After flying to Beijing on March 11, Tung was elected Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) on March 12, 2005, the last day of CPPCC annual meeting. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference ( People's Political Consultative Conference Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

His resignation sparked a constitutional debate of whether his successor should fill his remaining term of two years, or start a new term of five years. [31] Tung was mostly chosen by the PRC due to his business background as well as owing Beijing for saving him from bankruptcy with a US $100 million loan. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been [32] In addition Tung wanted to see Hong Kong modelled after a Lee Kwan Yew's Singapore[32]. Lee Kuan Yew, GCMG, CH ( born September 16 1923 also spelled Lee Kwan-Yew) is a Singaporean of Chinese immigrant background Singapore Lee was notable for taking hard pro-PRC stance such as the push for Speak Mandarin Campaigns and simplified Chinese characters. The Speak Mandarin Campaign ( SMC;)is an initiative by the Government of Singapore to encourage Singapore 's Singaporean Chinese population to

Awards

Tung was awarded a Grand Bauhinia Medal in 2006. The existing Hong Kong honours system was created after transfer of government of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China as a special administrative region Some Hong Kong people thought that awarding Tung the Grand Bauhinia Medal was an insult to the citizens and to the medal[33][34]. He was also awarded an Honorary Doctorate degree in Social Sciences (D. S. Sc) by the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology on November 10, 2006. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (often abbreviated HKUST is a public university located in Hong Kong Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

See also

References

  1. ^ Hong Kong Order of Precedence
  2. ^ Xavier, Gerry (January 24, 1997). Politics of Hong Kong takes place in a framework of a political system dominated by People's Republic of China, its own legislature the Chief Executive The Executive Council of Hong Kong ( ExCo,) is an organ in the Executive branch of the political structure of Hong Kong. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Decision day brings a 10-minute replay of Tung's landslide. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  3. ^ Western, Neil (October 09, 1997). Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Maiden policy address. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  4. ^ Political Editor (December 18, 1999). Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Tung pushed to explain high-handed decisions. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  5. ^ AFP (March 21, 1999). Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Cyberport critics get stake hint. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  6. ^ Ko, Erick (November 05, 1999). Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Deal not more interference in marketplace says Tsang. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  7. ^ Ho, Andy (July 01, 1999). "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Trouble on the menu for the chief. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  8. ^ Vittachi, Nury (April 11, 1999). Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Making of a modern-day adventurer. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  9. ^ Vittachi, Nury (April 29, 1999). Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Chan still the most popular. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  10. ^ Lord, Paris (August 28, 2002). Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Tung popularity plunge. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  11. ^ Staff reporter (March 5, 2002). Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Zhu ratifies second Tung term. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  12. ^ Yau, Cannix (May 31, 2002). Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Legco green light for accountability system. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  13. ^ DeGolyer, Michael (January 01, 2003). New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Stating the obvious. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  14. ^ Staff reporter (July 07, 2003). Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Bill will limit freedoms say majority of Catholics. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  15. ^ Paris Lord; Cannix Lau (July 02, 2003). Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. 500,000 show anger at 'stubborn' rulers. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  16. ^ Ng, Dennis (July 14, 2003). Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Uncertain future for Article 23. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  17. ^ Fung, Fanny (July 17, 2003). Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Leung, Ip quit. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  18. ^ Staff reporter (June 27, 2003). Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Academics call for universal suffrage. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  19. ^ Ng, Michael (April 16, 2003). Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Tung main victim of SARS outbreak. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  20. ^ Luk, Eddie (November 19, 2003). Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. $100m mistake. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  21. ^ Lee, Matthew; Teddy Ng and Dennis Ng (July 8, 2004). Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Yeoh Resigns. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  22. ^ Yau, Cannix (December 23, 2004). Events 962 - Byzantine-Arab Wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops stormed the city "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " REIT woman set to launch appeal. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  23. ^ Staff reporter (January 23, 2002). Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Prices plunge 3.6pc as job worries bite. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  24. ^ Ng, Michael (December 21, 2004). Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Tung's poll numbers take a dive. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  25. ^ Yau, Cannix (December 21, 2004). Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Hu reprimands Tung. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  26. ^ HK leader denies Chinese scolding. BBC News Online (December 20, 2004). Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  27. ^ Hui, Sylvia; Zhu Sun (March 12, 2005). Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Media takes the measure of departed leader Tung. Sing Tao News Corp. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  28. ^ Ng, Michael (February 18, 2005). Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Ho throws backing behind Tsang. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  29. ^ Chan, Carrie (March 2, 2005). Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tung resigns. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  30. ^ Yau, Cannix (March 11, 2005). Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tung's gone. What next?. Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  31. ^ Hogg, Chris (April 6, 2005). Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. China to settle new HK chief row. BBC News Online. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
  32. ^ a b Horlemann, Ralf. [2002] (2002). Hong Kong's Transition to Chinese Rule. Routledge publishing. ISBN 0415296811.
  33. ^ The-sunorisun.com
  34. ^ Gaforum.org

External links

Preceded by
(Position created)		 Chief Executive of Hong Kong
1997-2005		 Succeeded by
Donald Tsang (acting)
The Chief Executive of Hong Kong ( is the head of Hong Kong Government and the principal representative of the Hong Kong. Sir Donald Tsang Yam-Kuen, GBM, KBE, JP (born 7 October 1944 is the current Chief Executive and Head of Government of Hong
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