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The Treaty of New Echota was a removal treaty signed in New Echota, Georgia by officials of the United States government and several members of the so-called Ridge faction within the Cherokee Nation on December 29, 1835. Indian Removal was a nineteenth century policy of the government of the United States to ethnically cleanse Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi New Echota is one of state parks and historic sites in the State of Georgia, USA and part of a much larger area that was once the Cherokee nation The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Cherokee (ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯ a-ni-yv-wi-ya, in the Cherokee language) are a people native to North America, who at the time of European contact Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The Ridge Party held that the Cherokee would lose their eastern lands sooner or later and that removal to the west was the only way to preserve the Nation, while the Ross Party argued both that the Cherokee Nation should remain in its current homeland and simutaneously that the United States government should pay more money for the Cherokee to remove themselves westward. A nation is a Human Cultural and Social Community. In as much as most members never meet each other yet feel a common bond it may be considered

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The Treaty

In the treaty, the United States agreed to pay the Cherokee people $5 million in compensation (an amount earlier demanded by John Ross), cover the costs of relocation, and give them equivalent land in the Indian Territory (modern Oklahoma) in exchange for all Cherokee land east of the Mississippi River. A Treaty is an agreement under International law entered into by actors in international law namely States and International organizations. The Indian Territory, also known as The Indian Country, The Indian territory or the Indian territories, was land set aside within the United States Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to According to popular history, this treaty was signed by a rogue group, but in fact the twenty were representatives of the committee of several hundred meeting in New Echota which had been designated specifically for that purpose by the National Council the previous October, and their actions were approved unanimously by that committee of several hundred the day afterwards. None of those present had been legally elected of office, but then neither had those of the Ross Party since the scheduled 1832 elections were suspended by John Ross, albeit with the consent of the National Council and the agreement of the Ridge Party.

Objections from the Ross Party

After news of the treaty became public, the officials of the Cherokee Nation from the Ross Party instantly objected that they had not approved it and that the document was invalid. John Ross and the Cherokee tribal council begged the Senate not to ratify the treaty (failure to ratify would thereby invalidate it). John Ross ( October 3, 1790 - August 1, 1866) also known as Kooweskoowe - a mythological or rare migratory bird Principal Chief of However, the measure passed in May of 1836 by a single vote. Ross later drew up a petition asking Congress to void the treaty--a petition he personally delivered to Congress in the spring of 1838 with almost 16,000 signatures attached, more persons than the Cherokee Nation had within its territory by a few hundred, more even than the combined total of those in the Cherokee Nation, the Oconaluftee Cherokee in North Carolina outside the territorial limits of the Nation, and the Old Settlers in Arkansas Territory.

Cherokee removal

The petition was ignored by President Martin Van Buren, who soon thereafter directed General Winfield Scott to forcibly move all those Cherokee who had not yet complied with the treaty and moved west, even though the treaty allowed those who wished to remain in the east to do so. Martin Van Buren (December 5 1782 July 24 1862 was the eighth President of the United States from 1837 to 1841 Winfield Scott ( June 13, 1786 &ndash May 29, 1866) was a United States Army general Diplomat, and presidential candidate The Cherokee people were almost entirely removed west of the Mississippi (except for the Oconaluftee Cherokee in North Carolina, the Nantahala Cherokee who joined them, and two or three hundred married to whites). After their arrival in the Indian Territory, a group of Ross supporters attacked members of the Ridge faction, allegedly to enforce the Cherokee law outlawing sale of Cherokee land to foreign powers. Several signers of the treaty were assassinated, including Major Ridge, his son John Ridge, and his nephew Elias Boudinot. Major Ridge, also Pathkiller II (c1771 – June 22, 1839) was a Cherokee Indian leader and protégé along with Charles John Ridge ( 1792 - June 22, 1839, translated Cherokee Name Yellow Bird was a son of Major Ridge and a member of the Cherokee Tribe Elias Boudinot (1802&ndash June 22, 1839) was a Cherokee Indian who started and edited the tribe's first newspaper The true reason may have been that the Ridge Party had already integrated itself into the political structure of the Old Settlers, which Ross demanded recognize his absolute authority upon his arrival. As a result, the Cherokee nation subsequently endured 15 years of civil war.

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